Innovative 3D spacer fabrics made from individual planes and connecting layers present great potential as complexly shaped textile preforms in lightweight composite applications. As one of the most flexible textile manufacturing methods, flat knitting enables the production of intricately shaped textile structures. The major advantages coupled with flat knitting techniques include the ability to produce multi-layer reinforcements, a diminishing waste, reducing production time and near-net shaping. This research includes the further development of flat knitting technology and the manufacturing processes of innovative, customized 3D spacer fabrics for high performance composite applications. Novel 3D spacer fabrics have been developed in different geometries using glass-polypropylene commingled hybrid yarns for complex shaped thermoplastic composite components. Reinforcement yarns have been integrated into spacer fabric structures with up to 4 reinforcement layers to improve mechanical performance. Furthermore, the successful addition of “sensor networks” created by integrating functional yarns into the 3D spacer fabrics could be used for structural health monitoring. Innovative integration concepts, which accommodate different positioning of the reinforcement yarns into the knit structures, can be used to adjust the mechanical properties of the finished knit composites. Moreover, the tensile properties have been accurately predicted based on the mathematical models formulated. The developed flat knitted 3D spacer fabrics are very promising for applications in lightweight composites, mechanical engineering, protective textiles, civil engineering and architectural designs. / Innovative 3D-Spacer Fabrics bestehend aus individuellen Deckflächen und Verbindungsstegen bieten ein großes Potential als komplex geformte textile Halbzeuge für Leichtbauverbundwerkstoffanwendungen. Mit Hilfe des Flachstrickens, welches einer der flexibelsten textilen Herstellungsprozesse ist, lassen sich komplex geformte textile Strukturen herstellen. Belastungsgerechte Verstärkungen, Abfallreduzierung, endkonturnahe Fertigung sind nur einige der großen Vorteile der modernen Flachstricktechnik. Die Forschungsarbeit beinhaltet die Entwicklung der Flachstricktechnologie und des Herstellungsprozesses für innovative 3D-Spacer Fabrics für Hochleistungsverbundwerkstoffe. Neuartige 3D-Spacer Fabrics wurden in unterschiedlichen Geometrien entwickelt, in dem Glas-/ Polypropylen Commingling-Hybridgarn für komplex geformte thermoplastische Verbundwerkstoffkomponenten eingesetzt wird. Verstärkungsfäden wurden für hochmechanische Belastungen in die Spacer-Fabric-Strukturen in bis zu 4 Verstärkungschichten integriert. Die erfolgreiche Umsetzung und Entwicklung von Sensornetzwerken durch die Integration von funktionalen Fäden in die 3D-Spacer Fabrics kann für die strukturelle Zustandsüberwachung genutzt werden. Die innovativen Integrationskonzepte erlauben die differenzierte Orientierung von Verstärkungsfäden in den Gestrickstrukturen, wodurch eine starke Beeinflussung der mechanischen Eigenschaften der Gestrickverbundwerkstoffe herbeigeführt wird. Darüber hinaus wurden die Zugeigenschaften basierend auf den entwickelten mathematischen Modellen vorhergesagt. Die entwickelten flachgestrickten 3D-Spacer Fabrics sind sehr vielversprechend beispielweise für die Anwendung in Leichtbauverbundwerkstoffen, im Maschinenbau, in Schutztextilien, im Bauingenieurwesen und Architekturdesign.

Abstract   This study addresses the research gap on knowledge transfer on a team level, by examining the potential and realized Absorptive Capacity (ACAP) on the receiver's side and potential and realized Disseminative Capacity (DCAP) on the sender's side. The research question and purpose relate to how ACAP and DCAP can aid innovation development teams in reaching their goals and what role social integration mechanisms play in this process. We develop a theoretical framework in which we synthesize existing literature and through which we analyzed the empirical data.   We follow a qualitative method and employ a single case strategy that fits our empirical data and allows to gain an understanding of social dynamics underlying knowledge transfer. The data was collected through interviews in the R&D department of Atlas Copco, a large Swedish multinational corporation that operates in the mining and tunneling industry. From our analysis we conclude that social integration mechanisms can be used in order to lower the gap between potential and realized capacities. This can in turn lead to a higher innovative output of teams.

面對全球科技創新與應用發展快速變遷，厚植組織的創新研發能量，為各界長期面對全球競爭的重要策略，而組織創新研發能量的建置，其關鍵因素在於組織成員的創造力及個人的創新行為，因此如何塑造良好的組織創新氛圍以提升員工的創造力、個人創新行為及個人績效，進而提升組織的整體營運績效，實為組織刻不容緩之議題。 以往組織創新氛圍、個人創新行為及績效之研究，多以「組織」為分析層級，並以西方個案為大多數，本研究特別以「個人」為研究層級，並以國內組織為研究對象來進行實證分析，除研發人員自評其個人創新行為及績效外，並嘗試採以由主管來評量（他評）員工表現的方式，探討員工自評及主管他評之差異，期望能填補學術上國內個案及「個人」分析層級的研究缺口，並同時能對組織創新管理實務上產生貢獻。 本研究旨在探討組織創新氛圍、個人創新行為及其個人績效三者間之因果關係，研究方法採量化研究，以問卷調查研究歸納，受測對象為T財團法人研究機構工作年資一年以上的研發人員，總計問卷發出192份，回收160份，回收率為83.3％，問卷資料以SPSS軟體進行統計分析，並予以驗證研究假說並提出研究發現與結論建議。 本研究所得到的初步結論包括： (1)組織創新氛圍的形塑，有助於提升研發人員的個人績效 (2)個人創新行為的展現，有助於提升研發人員的個人績效 (3)組織創新氛圍的形塑，有助於提升研發人員的個人創新行為 (4)組織創新氛圍會透過個人創新行為提升研發人員的個人績效 (5)研發人員自評的個人創新行為及個人績效較主管他評者高，且組織創新氛圍的形塑與主管他評的個人創新行為與個人績效無顯著相關 (6)研發人員的個人背景並不會影響組織創新氛圍、個人創新行為及個人績效之表現 / To face the quick change of global technolgical innovations and applications, one of the most important stratgies, that the enterprises use, is to strengthen their innovative and research capabilities. In addition, the key factor to enhance the organizational capabilities includes the creative capability of employees and individual innovative behavior. Thus, how to create the good orgnizational innovative climate, in turn, to improve the employees’ creativity and individual innoative behavior, and eventually to enhance the organizational performance becomes the critical issue. Most of the previous studies concerning the relationships among the organizational innovative climate, individual innovative behavior and performance are conducted at the organizational level and within the context of western world. This study specially conducts anaysis at the individual level and selects the domestic organization as the research subject. To fill up with the research gap, the individual performance is evaluated both by themselves and by their supervisors to further address the differnce between these two approaches. This study aims to investigate the cause-and-effect relationship among the organizational innovative climate, individual innovative behavior, and individual performance. A quantitative approach with questionnaire surveys is utilized. Eventually, 192 questionnaires are sent to the researchers who have been working for at least 1 year at T non-for-profit research organization. 160 questionnaires are collected so the effective response rate is 83.3%. The results of this study are summarized as follows: (1)The organizational innovative climate was found to be conducive to enhance the individual performance of researchers. (2)The individual innovation behavior was found to be conducivel to enhance the indiviual performance. (3)The organization innovative climate was found to be conducive to enhance the individual innovative behavior of researchers. (4)The individual innovative behavior of researchers was found to affect the relationship between the organzaion innovative climate and the individual preformance of researchers. (5)The ratings by researchers themselves were found to be higher than those by their supervisors. Additionally, there is not evidence to substantiate the relationship between the organizational innovation climeane and the individual innovative behavior and performance rated by the supervisors. (6)There is not evidence to substantiate the relationship between the organizational innovation climeane, the indicual innovative behavior and performance.

Our paper presents some preliminary observation from a collaborative exploratory study linking mathematics, science and reading within a technology enhanced problem-based learning scenario conducted at one French Canadian Elementary and Middle School. Presented in a form of dialogue between teacher and researcher, our findings give some meaningful insight in how an innovative mathematics teaching can be developed and implemented using a real-world problem solving. Instead of a traditional presentation of material about lighting up homes, participating mathematics, science and French teachers were working collaboratively with the ICT integration mentor and two university professors helping students investigate a problem from various perspectives using a variety of cognitive and metacognitive strategies, discussing and sharing the finding with peers and presenting them to a larger audience using media tools. Our preliminary results may prompt further investigation of how innovation in teaching and learning can help students become better critical thinkers and scientifically empowered citizens.

Cold-formed steel structures have been in service for many years and are used as shelters for both domestic and industrial purposes. To produce an economical product, manufacturers have typically based their designs on the simple portal frame concept. As there is almost a direct relationship between overall cost and the weight of steel in a portal frame structure, it is of great importance to provide a structure with the minimum amount of steel whilst providing structural adequacy. Portal frame sheds have been refined continuously for many years, with only minimal amounts of savings in steel. Therefore, to provide even greater savings in steel, an innovative building system is required. Modern Garages Australia (MGA) is one of the leading cold-formed steel shed manufacturers in Queensland. MGA has recently developed such an innovative building system that has significant economic savings when compared with portal frame structures. The MGA building system has two key differences to that of the conventional portal frame system. These differences are that the MGA system has no conventional frames or framing system, and it has no purlins or girts. This results in the MGA system being completely fabricated from thin cladding, which significantly reduces the quantity of steel. However, the key problem with this building system is that the load paths and structural behaviour are unknown, and therefore the structure cannot be analysed using conventional methods. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to first investigate the structural behaviour of this new building system and its adequacy for an ultimate design wind speed of 41 m/s using full scale testing. The next objectives were to use finite element analysis to optimise the original MGA building system so that it is adequate for an ultimate design wind speed of 41 m/s, and to develop a new improved cold-formed steel building system that has greater structural efficiency than the original MGA building system. This thesis presents the details of the innovative MGA building system, full scale test setup, testing program, finite element analysis of the MGA building system and the results. Details and results from the optimisation of the MGA building system, and the development of a new improved cold-formed steel building system are also presented. The full scale experimental investigation considered the required loadings of cross wind, longitudinal wind and live load test cases and simulated them on the test structure accurately using an innovative load simulation system. The wind loads were calculated for a 41 m/s ultimate design wind speed. Full scale test program included both non-destructive and destructive tests. The finite element analyses contained in this thesis have considered cross wind, longitudinal wind and live load cases, as well as the destructive load case of the MGA building system. A number of different model types were created and their results were compared with the experimental results. In general, two main model types were created. The first type consisted of a 'strip' of the MGA building system (Strip model) and the second modelled the full structure (Full model). Both of these model types were further divided into models which contained no contact surfaces and those which contained contact surfaces to simulate the interfaces between the various components such as the brackets and cladding. The experimental test results showed that the MGA test structure is not suitable for an ultimate design wind speed of 41 m/s. This conclusion is a result of a number of observed failures that occurred during the extensive testing program. These failures included local buckling, crushing failures, and distortional buckling of the cladding panels. Extremely large deflections were also observed. It was calculated that for the MGA building system to be adequate for the design wind speed of 41 m/s, a cladding thickness of 0.8 mm was required. This also agreed well with the finite element analysis results which concluded that a cladding thickness of 0.8 mm was required. In order to avoid the increased use of steel in the building system, a new improved cold-formed steel building system was developed and its details are provided in this thesis. A finite element model of this new improved cold-formed steel building system was created and the results showed that the new building system was able to achieve a load step equivalent to an ultimate design wind speed of 50.4 m/s and was approximately 250% stiffer than the original MGA building system, without any increase in the overall weight of the building system. It is recommended that this new improved cold-formed steel building system be further developed with the aid of finite element modelling and be tested using a similar full scale testing program that was used for the original MGA building system.

Durch die Kooperation des Lehrstuhls für Betriebswirtschaftliche Steuerlehre der Universität Leipzig und der Professur Betriebswirtschaftslehre, insbesondere betriebswirtschaftliche Steuerlehre an der HTWK Leipzig konnte ein innovatives, an die Veränderungen der Steuerfunktion angepasstes Lehrangebot geschaffen werden. Das Abhalten gemeinsamer Veranstaltungen erlaubt die Bündelung der Kapazitäten beider Steuer-Lehreinrichtungen und eine Erweiterung des Lehrangebots für die Studierenden beider Hochschulen. Das Projekt verknüpft darüber hinaus den Erwerb fachlichen Wissens durch Präsenzveranstaltungen und den Zugriff auf eine E-Learning-Plattform mit der Anwendung der erworbenen Kenntnisse. Im „Tax Game“ werden Studierende dazu angehalten als Tax Manager eines simulierten Unternehmens die Strukturen und Transaktionen in (simulierten) Zeitdrucksituationen zu gestalten. Dies schult die Entscheidungsfähigkeit und erhöht den Lernfortschritt im Vergleich zum Frontalunterricht.

Диссертация состоит из введения, трех глав, заключения, списка использованной литературы из 93 наименований и приложений. Основное содержание работы изложено на 120 страницах основного текста, включающего 16 таблиц и 34 рисунка. В настоящей работе систематизированы теоретические и практические основы организации инновационной деятельности строительного предприятия. Основное внимание уделено рассмотрению вопросов сущности инноваций, эффективной организации инновационных бизнес–процессов в целях выведения на рынок «энергоэффективных инноваций» в строительной индустрии. Разработана модель организации инновационных бизнес-процессов в целях выведения на рынок «энергоэффективных инноваций» в строительной индустрии, основанная на существующих подходах и процессах бенчмаркинга, учитывающих специфику существующих и новых процессов предприятия, что позволяет оперативно воздействовать на изменения всех бизнес-процессов, с сокращением временных и финансовых издержек при строительстве энергоэффективных «умных» жилых комплексов. Разработанный инструментарий управления может быть использован в практической инновационной деятельности предприятий строительного комплекса по созданию энергоэффективных «умных» жилых домов. Во введении обоснована актуальность темы, сформулирована цель, задачи, определены предмет и объект исследования, обозначена научная и практическая ценность исследования. В первой главе «Обзор теоретических взглядов организации инновационных процессов в деятельности строительного предприятия» проведен анализ научных источников зарубежных и отечественных авторов, связанных с используемой терминологией по предложенному направлению исследования; исследованы основные проблемы организации инновационных бизнес-процессов на строительном предприятии; проведен сравнительный анализ существующих подходов к организации инновационных бизнес-процессов. Во второй главе «Анализ подходов к организации инновационных бизнес-процессов на строительном предприятии» проведен сравнительный анализ временных этапов формирования отечественного строительного комплекса в рамках «эволюции моделей инновационного процесса»; обобщены существующие подходы к исследованию и разработанным мероприятиям по аккумуляции мирового опыта и внедрению инноваций в строительной области, а также, развитию российских технологий на сегодняшний день; разработан рабочий поток процесса бенчмаркинга по внедрению инноваций на строительном предприятии. В третьей главе «Разработка модели организации инновационных бизнес-процессов в деятельности строительного предприятия «СМУ-3» разработана модель организации инновационных бизнес-процессов в целях выведения на рынок «энергоэффективных инноваций» в строительной индустрии; представлены предполагаемые практические данные о результатах апробации предложенного инструментария на примере строительного предприятия «СМУ-3». / The thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters, conclusion, a list of used literature from 93 titles and applications. The main content of the work is outlined on 120 pages of the main text, which includes 16 tables and 34 figures. In this paper, the theoretical and practical foundations of the organization of the innovative activity of a construction enterprise are systematized. The main attention is paid to the issues of the essence of innovations, the effective organization of innovative business processes in order to bring "energy-efficient innovations" to the market in the construction industry. A model of organization of innovative business processes for the purpose of launching "energy-efficient innovations" in the construction industry based on existing approaches and benchmarking processes that take into account the specifics of existing and new enterprise processes that allows to operatively influence changes in all business processes, with a reduction in temporary And financial costs in the construction of energy-efficient "smart" residential complexes. The developed management toolkit can be used in practical innovative activity of the enterprises of a building complex on creation of energy-efficient "smart" dwelling houses. In the introduction, the relevance of the topic is substantiated, the goal, objectives are formulated, the subject and object of research are determined, the scientific and practical value of the research is indicated. In the first chapter "Review of the theoretical views of the organization of innovative processes in the activities of a construction enterprise," an analysis was made of the scientific sources of foreign and domestic authors related to the terminology used in the proposed research direction; The main problems of organization of innovative business processes at a construction company are investigated; A comparative analysis of existing approaches to the organization of innovative business processes. In the second chapter, "Analysis of approaches to the organization of innovative business processes at a construction enterprise," a comparative analysis of the time stages of the formation of the domestic construction complex was carried out within the framework of the "evolution of models of the innovation process"; The existing approaches to research and developed measures on accumulation of world experience and introduction of innovations in the construction field, as well as the development of Russian technologies to date, are summarized; The working flow of the benchmarking process for introducing innovations in a construction enterprise was developed. In the third chapter "Development of the model of organization of innovative business processes in the activity of the construction enterprise "SMU-3", a model of organization of innovative business processes was developed to bring" energy-efficient innovations "to the market in the construction industry; Presented prospective practical data on the results of approbation of the proposed toolkit on the example of the construction enterprise "SMU-3".

The technical development of highways in Russia is 40-50 years behind the development of motorways in leading foreign countries. Therefore, it can be argued that to date, road construction is not actively engaged in innovative activities. The purpose of this work is to develop a methodological approach to improving the efficiency of road construction enterprises based on their innovative activities. The sources used were educational and research literature, statistical collections, normative documentation, and materials of the scientific press. The master's thesis developed a methodological approach to improving the efficiency of road construction enterprises, based on the proposed two-stage algorithm for selecting priority areas of innovative development of the enterprise and specific innovative projects, the implementation of which will make the greatest contribution to improving the efficiency of the enterprise. / Техническое развитие автомобильных дорог в России отстаёт на 40–50 лет в своём развитии от автомагистралей в ведущих зарубежных странах. Поэтому можно утверждать, что на сегодняшний день в дорожном строительстве недостаточно активно осуществляется инновационная деятельность. Цель работы состоит в разработке методического подхода к повышению эффективности функционирования дорожно-строительного предприятия на основе его инновационной деятельности. В качестве источников использовалась учебно-методическая и научно-исследовательская литература, статистические сборники, нормативная документация, материалы научной печати. В магистерской диссертации был разработан методический подход к повышению эффективности функционирования дорожно-строительного предприятия, основанный на предложенном двухэтапном алгоритме выбора приоритетных направлений инновационного развития предприятия и конкретных инновационных проектов, внедрение которых внесет наибольший вклад в повышение эффективности деятельности предприятия.

Целью работы является развитие методических основ анализа и оценки инновационной активности промышленного предприятия. В качестве механизма оценки предложен усовершенствованный метод, состоящий из семи этапов. Разработанный метод оценки инновационной активности промышленного предприятия позволяет отслеживать его инновационное развитие и, используя полученные выводы и рекомендации, корректировать мероприятия, нацеленные на внедрение передовых инновационных стратегий развития с учетом текущего состоянии компании и ее финансового положения и деятельности в рамках рынка. / The aim of the work is to develop the methodological foundations for the analysis and evaluation of the innovative activity of an industrial enterprise. An improved method consisting of seven stages is proposed as an evaluation mechanism. The developed method for assessing the innovative activity of an industrial enterprise makes it possible to monitor its innovative development and, using the findings and recommendations obtained, adjust measures aimed at introducing advanced innovative development strategies, taking into account the current state of the company and its financial position and activities within the market.

Användandet av innovationsmodeller inom vårdsektorn studerades, med anledning av den innovationsmodell Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting nyligen tagit fram. Offentlig sektor har i litteraturgenomgångar inte tagits upp som positiva exempel på innovativ verksamhet, men det finns mycket litteratur som visar på hur systematiserade och byråkratiska de organisationerna är. Därför är det av intresse att undersöka hur en systematiserad organisation angriper innovationsarbete med hjälp av verktyg och modeller. Genom semistrukturerade intervjuer samlades data in från fem representanter inom den offentliga vårdsektorn (från två olika kommuner och landsting), och resultaten visade på att valet och användningssättet av innovationsmodeller skiljde sig mellan respondenterna. Vissa respondenter använde redan existerande modeller, medan andra skapade egna. Vidare visade resultatet att den modell Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting tagit fram ej användes av någon respondent, och endast två kände till att modellen fanns. Studien avslutas med en diskussion gällande innovationsmodellers nivå av generalisering respektive specialisering, samt förslag på en möjlig revidering av modellen Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting tagit fram, för att på så vis sprida vetskapen om den. / The use of models for innovation within the public healthcare sector were studied, due to the fact that the public agency The Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions, SALAR, recently developed and launched a model for innovation. The public sector has not been the focal point in any of the literature about innovative organizations, but there is no shortage of literature regarding that of bureaucracy and the systematization of work processes in the public sector. That is why the authors find it interesting to study how a systemized organization set about working innovatively using instruments and models. Through the use of semi-structured interviews with five representatives from the public healthcare sector, data was collected and the results showed that the choice and use of innovative models differed between the respondents. Some respondents used models that already exist, while others constructed their own. The results also showed that neither one of the respondents used the model created by SALAR, and only two of them had pre-existing knowledge of the model. The study is concluded with a discussion about the degree of generalization/specialization in innovative models, and a suggestion for a possible revision of SALAR’s model in order to create wider knowledge of it.