Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-10-19T11:51:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Morena Cristal Limaverde Sotero.pdf: 7065141 bytes, checksum: 11f1504d27ae8fbbd5407d20c03082a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-19T11:51:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Morena Cristal Limaverde Sotero.pdf: 7065141 bytes, checksum: 11f1504d27ae8fbbd5407d20c03082a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-16 / The debate on education paradigm is relevant facing the imposed challenges by an ethical and ecological crisis which permeates society. A paradigm can be understood as a force acting over a society which submits to certain dogmas and ideologies. Such elements are absorbed and unconsciously reproduced by the people, operating on how they deal with themselves, with the others and with nature. (MORIN, 2010). The present research brings as an investigative field VILA School, in Fortaleza, since it was built on a teaching context over 36 years proposing an education paradigm starting from an Ecosystemic Pedagogical approach, with its curricular principle based on empathy, self-awareness, collaborative work, dialogue with local and global community and creativity. As a starting point we investigated if the teacher’s knowledge related to Vila school pedagogical praxis is contemplated on training activities offered to its teachers. To do so, a qualitative research was held through a focal group with employed teachers and semi structured interviews with coordinators. Data was then processed using IRAMUTEQ software, generating five types of discussion. The analyzed results were organized in two phases: the first with the identified teacher’s knowledge; and the second with the knowledge categories according to the eight dimensions applied on teachers training, proposals of Sousa and Placco (2016). Among the analyzed teacher’s knowledge, it stands out being open to “what’s new”, sensitiveness and planetary consciousness. About the teacher’s training, it is clear the relevance of multidimensionality on teacher’s knowledge, high lightening the dimension we add to those on which we are based upon – Contact with Nature – as a learning source of knowledge for a paradigmatic transformation. We conclude that such investigation may contribute to creating future learning proposals of VILA teachers and possibly other teaching proposals which consider ethic and ecology as guidelines to school learning / A discussão sobre os paradigmas em educação é relevante frente aos desafios impostos por uma crise ética e ecológica que permeia a sociedade. Um paradigma pode ser entendido como uma força, a qual submete uma sociedade a determinados dogmas e ideologias, que são assimilados e reproduzidos de forma inconsciente pelos indivíduos, influenciando-os na maneira que se relacionam consigo mesmos, com o outro e com a natureza (MORIN, 2010). A presente pesquisa tem como campo investigativo a Escola VILA, em Fortaleza, por ser um contexto de ensino que há 36 anos propõe um paradigma de educação a partir de uma abordagem Pedagógica Ecossistêmica, cujo princípio curricular é norteado pela empatia, autopercepção, trabalho colaborativo, diálogo com a comunidade local e global, e criatividade. Como ponto de partida, buscou-se investigar se os saberes docentes imbricados na prática pedagógica da Escola VILA são contemplados nas ações formativas propostas aos seus professores. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, por meio de um grupo focal com professores em exercício e entrevistas semiestruturadas com os coordenadores. Os dados foram processados por meio do software IRAMUTEQ, gerando cinco classes de discussão. Os resultados analisados foram organizados em duas etapas: a primeira, com a identificação dos saberes docentes; a segunda, com a categorização dos saberes de acordo com as oito dimensões da formação de professores, propostas por Sousa e Placco (2016). Dos saberes docentes analisados, destacam-se a abertura “ao novo”, a sensibilidade e a consciência planetária. Sobre a formação de professores, evidencia-se a relevância da multidimensionalidade na formação docente, com destaque à dimensão por nós acrescentada àquelas em que nos baseamos – Contato com a Natureza –, como fonte formativa de saberes para uma transformação paradigmática do ensino. Concluímos que esta investigação pode contribuir com a organização de futuras propostas formativas dos professores da Escola VILA e, possivelmente, com outras propostas de ensino que considerem a ética e a ecologia como princípios norteadores da aprendizagem na escola

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-05-19T12:37:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Míriam Ribeiro de Barros Shaw.pdf: 1518208 bytes, checksum: dea703c527fddc8e95b46b4036cf7952 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-19T12:37:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Míriam Ribeiro de Barros Shaw.pdf: 1518208 bytes, checksum: dea703c527fddc8e95b46b4036cf7952 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research is in the school environment, it is about the practices of teachers and managers of the Colégio Santo André, São José do Rio Preto, during the period from 2011 to 2015. The key question, research problem of this study is how to charm, to encourage students, educators into the adventure of knowing? Desires, the specific objectives of this study are to observe the practices of educators that stimulate the taste for thinking, studying, discovering; identify obstacles encountered by educators in this way; verify that the multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary activities favour the taste for study. The ideas that inspired reflection, the hypotheses of this research are the many activities, transdisciplinary promote students' interest in the taste for study, discover, invent; ethical, imaginative and emotional attitudes are fundamental to the practices that stimulate the taste for knowledge of educators and students. Fieldwork was conducted in two phases: the first phase, there were two collective projects with members of the community; questionnaire evaluation was answered by teachers; data tabulation, analysis and discussion of the results in the years 2011 and 2012 were discussed by directors and coordinators; in the second phase, between 2013 and 2015 were carried out: review of literature, specific interviews with educators, the final report writing. Two key references guide this research: education is one of the regeneration pathways of contemporary society; need to reform the thought of educators and students. The teaching-learning of understanding, hearing; imagination, reinvention; ethics, recognition; affection, love is presented as four provisional proposals for contemporary education. Complex Learnings / Esta pesquisa situa-se no universo escolar, nas práticas de docentes e gestores do Colégio Santo André, de São José do Rio Preto, durante o período de 2011 a 2015. A questão fundamental, problema de pesquisa deste trabalho, é como encantar, estimular estudantes, educadores e educandos, na aventura pelo conhecer, pelo aprender? Os desejos, os objetivos específicos deste trabalho são observar as práticas dos educadores que estimulam o gosto pelo aprender, pensar, descobrir; identificar empecilhos encontrados pelos educadores nesse percurso; verificar se as atividades transdisciplinares, multidisciplinares e interdisciplinares favorecem o gosto pelo aprendizado. As ideias que animaram a reflexão, as hipóteses desta pesquisa são as atividades múltiplas, transdisciplinares favorecem o interesse dos alunos no gosto pelo aprender; as atitudes compreensivas, éticas, imaginativas, afetivas são fundamentais para as práticas que estimulam o gosto pela aprendizagem de educadores e educandos. O trabalho de campo foi efetuado em duas fases: na primeira fase, realizaram-se dois projetos coletivos com todos os membros da comunidade, aplicação de questionário de avaliação aos docentes, tabulação de dados, análise e discussão dos resultados, nos anos de 2011 e 2012; na segunda fase, entre 2013 e 2015, foram realizados: o levantamento bibliográfico, entrevistas específicas com os educadores, redação do relatório final. Duas proposições fundamentais orientam esta pesquisa: a educação é uma das vias de regeneração da sociedade contemporânea; há necessidade de reforma do pensamento de educadores e educandos. O ensino-aprendizagem da compreensão, audição; imaginação, reinvenção; ética, reconhecimento; afeto, amor são apresentados como quatro proposições provisórias para a educação contemporânea. Aprendizagens Complexas

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-09-04T20:50:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TANIMAR PEREIRA COLEHO MARINHO.pdf: 2545584 bytes, checksum: 82ed7ae8c16937c157e257d887e51dd6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T20:50:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TANIMAR PEREIRA COLEHO MARINHO.pdf: 2545584 bytes, checksum: 82ed7ae8c16937c157e257d887e51dd6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-12 / The Multiprofessional Residency in Health, as a training proposal, is a significant field in the strategic for the Health Unic System (SUS), stimulating multiprofessional teamwork, which contributes to the qualification of specialized human resources, with a view to guarantee integral health care. However, it is essential to problematize the context of attack on health and education policies that directly influence the direction of health education. The object of this study is the implementation of the Multiprofessional Integrated Residency Program in Urgency and Trauma Health (PRIMUT) at the Emergency Hospital of Goiânia (HUGO), in the perspective of integrality and interdisciplinarity of health training. The research aims to identify and analyze whether the health training of the program facilitates the integration of in-service teaching among resident health professionals (Social Workers, Nurses, Physiotherapists, Speech Therapists, Nutritionists and Psychologists) in the perspective of integrality and interdisciplinarity. This is a descriptive and exploratory research, developed from the qualitative approach, which was carried out in an urgency and emergency hospital, with seventeen members of the PRIMUT who met the inclusion criteria, from June to August 2016. In the technical approach of the fieldwork, the semi-structured interview was highlighted. The study contemplated the integrality and interdisciplinarity themes in health training within the scope of the PRIMUT. The sample consisted of tutors, preceptors and health professionals residents in the second year. All the ethical aspects of the researches with human beings ruled in Resolution nº 466/12 of the National Council of Health were respected. We consider that the training in the Multiprofessional Residency in Health (MRH), characterized by in-service teaching, takes place within a complicated context of interactions and relations between preceptors, residents, tutors and other professionals from different knowledge fields. The characteristics of the MRH are: in-service teaching; direct supervision of trained professionals (preceptory); academic supervision (tutoring); exclusive dedication system; fields for training and practice in services of the health care network of the SUS. In a context that is contrary to the universal Health System, we consider absolutely important to train critical professionals who are in accordance with the principles and guidelines of the SUS. We highlight the need to discuss the 60-hour weekly workload, as well as the many difficulties of establishing a multiprofessional and interdisciplinary relationship, like: differences of understanding the role of residents in the service and the guidelines of the health training; the resistance of the defenders of the biomedical model in carrying out multiprofessionals activities; and the impasses in articulating the specific field with the common, without the supremacy of one profession over the other. The effectiveness of integral and interdisciplinary practices is still a challenge to be fully achieved in the health education in the context of the residency. / A Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde (RMS), como proposta de formação, constitui-se em um espaço significativo nas áreas estratégicas para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), estimulando o trabalho em equipe multiprofissional, o que contribui para a qualificação dos recursos humanos especializados, com vistas a garantir a assistência integral à saúde. No entanto, é primordial problematizar o contexto de ataque às políticas de saúde e educação, o que influencia diretamente no direcionamento da formação em saúde. Este estudo tem como objeto a efetivação do Programa de Residência Integrada Multiprofissional em Urgência e Trauma (PRIMUT) no Hospital de Urgências de Goiânia – Dr. Valdemiro Cruz (HUGO), na perspectiva da integralidade e da interdisciplinaridade na formação em saúde. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar e analisar se a formação em saúde do Programa propicia a integração ensino em serviço entre os profissionais da saúde residentes (Assistentes Sociais, Enfermeiros, Fisioterapeutas, Fonoaudiólogos, Nutricionistas e Psicólogos), na perspectiva da integralidade e interdisciplinaridade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo descritiva e exploratória, desenvolvida a partir da abordagem qualitativa, a qual foi realizada em um hospital de urgência e emergência, com dezessete integrantes do PRIMUT que preencheram os critérios de inclusão, entre os meses de Junho e Agosto de 2016. Na abordagem técnica do trabalho de campo, destacou-se a entrevista semiestruturada. O estudo contemplou as temáticas integralidade e interdisciplinaridade na formação em saúde no âmbito do PRIMUT/HUGO. A amostra foi composta por tutores, preceptores e profissionais da saúde residentes do segundo ano. Foram respeitados todos os aspectos éticos das pesquisas com seres humanos, pautados na Resolução nº 466/12 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Considera-se que a formação na RMS, caracterizada por ensino-serviço, ocorre dentro de um contexto complexo de interações e relações entre preceptores, residentes, tutores e demais profissionais de diferentes áreas do conhecimento. As características da RMS são: formação em serviço; supervisão direta por profissionais capacitados (preceptoria); supervisão acadêmica (tutoria); regime de dedicação exclusiva; e cenários de formação e prática em serviços da rede de atenção à saúde no SUS. Em um contexto avesso ao SUS universal, considera-se de suma importância que se formem profissionais críticos e consonantes com os princípios e diretrizes do SUS. Destaca-se a necessidade de debater a carga horária semanal de 60 horas, bem como as dificuldades no estabelecimento da relação multiprofissional e interdisciplinar de diversas ordens: diferenças na compreensão acerca do papel dos residentes nos serviços e dos pressupostos da formação em saúde; a resistência dos defensores do modelo biomédico em realizar atividades multiprofissionais; e os impasses em articular o campo específico com o comum, sem a supremacia de uma profissão sobre a outra. A efetivação das práticas integrais e interdisciplinares constitui um desafio a ser alcançado em sua plenitude na formação em saúde no contexto da residência.

Introdução: Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis representam as principais morbidades da atualidade, dentre estas o diabetes mellitus (DM) tipo 2 e a depressão, as quais encontram-se frequentemente associadas. Ambas contribuem para complicações cardiovasculares e mortalidade. Há evidências de que intervenções comportamentais trazem benefícios cardiometabólicos e psicológicos. Objetivos: Para avaliar intervenção no estilo de vida, este estudo incluiu: 1) revisão sistemática e metanálise destinada a investigar os efeitos de intervenções no estilo de vida na melhora da depressão em indivíduos de risco ou com diabetes mellitus tipo 2; 2) comparação do efeito de duas intervenções no estilo de vida sobre o risco cardiometabólico e na retenção dos indivíduos ao programa; 3) análise do papel da depressão na resposta cardiometabólica às intervenções, mediada pela inflamação e; 4) avaliação do efeito residual 9 meses após término das intervenções quanto às respostas de variáveis clínicas, qualidade de vida (QV) e depressão. Métodos: Para revisão sistemática os principais bancos de dados bibliográficos foram pesquisados, sendo a meta-análise conduzida por modelos de efeito aleatório. O estudo longitudinal incluiu adultos pré-diabéticos, submetidos a 18 meses de intervenção tradicional (TRD) ou interdisciplinar com psicoeducação (INT) para mudanças em hábitos de vida, sendo os dados coletados (antropometria, pressão arterial, perfil bioquímico e marcadores de inflamação PCR, TNF-, adiponectina) no momento basal, 9 e 18 meses, bem como 9 meses após o término do acompanhamento (27 meses). Dieta foi avaliada por recordatórios de 24h, atividade física pelo Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física , depressão pelo Inventário de Beck e a QV pelo Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 itens. Os momentos e os tipos de intervenção foram comparados por modelos lineares de efeitos mistos. Teste t Student foi aplicado para comparações entre médias, qui-quadrado para avaliar frequências e coeficientes de Pearson ou Spearman para correlações, complementados por análise de regressão múltipla. Resultados: Revisando sistematicamente o efeito na depressão de intervenções, encontrou-se na meta-análise, que em indivíduos com DM, mudanças no 10 estilo de vida reduzem significativamente os escores de depressão (SMD=-0.151; IC: - 0.253, -0.049). Entre os 183 indivíduos que compuseram nossa amostra, 46 por cento tinham sintomas depressivos, e eram predominantemente do sexo feminino, com maior adiposidade e menores escores de QV. Após 18 meses de ambas as intervenções, houve redução nos escores de depressão. Comparada à TRD, a INT provocou maior redução no consumo energético, adiposidade, níveis de pressão arterial, e maior aumento na atividade física e concentrações de adiponectina. Desistentes aos 18 meses apenas da TRD apresentaram pior perfil de saúde e maior escore de depressão, comparados aos que se mantiveram neste subgrupo. Em regressão linear múltipla, a depressão apenas nas mulheres associou-se a não melhora metabólica ao longo de 18 meses e tal associação não foi mediada pela inflamação. Aos 27 meses, apenas a adiposidade diferiu entre as intervenções. A QV e depressão mantiveram-se com melhora aos 27 meses em ambas. Discussão: 1) A metanálise sugere que intervenções no estilo de vida para manejar o DM são efetivas na melhora da depressão. É essencial que este grupo de risco seja rastreado regularmente. 2) Intervenção interdisciplinar com abordagem psicoeducativa mostrou-se útil em atenuar o risco cardiometabólico e na retenção de indivíduos com pior perfil de saúde. 3) Presença de depressão pode predizer menor chance de melhora no perfil cardiometabólico em longo prazo, particularmente entre as mulheres. Maior atenção ao diagnóstico e manejo da depressão deve ser dada a este subgrupo de maior risco. 4) Intervenção interdisciplinar melhorou a QV e reduziu depressão, bem como manteve o peso dos participantes após 9 meses da interrupção do programa, contribuindo para melhora continuada das condições de saúde biopsicossociais. Conclusão: Em geral, intervenção no estilo de vida é eficaz para melhorar o perfil metabólico e depressão, além de ser capaz de manter em tratamento indivíduos com pior estado de saúde. Não se pode comprovar ou afastar que a inflamação media tais benefícios. Esta estratégia é promissora para motivar indivíduos de maior risco na adoção de hábitos saudáveis em longo prazo. Profissionais da saúde e gestores de políticas públicas devem conhecer os efeitos deletérios da depressão no manejo de indivíduos de risco cardiometabólico. Diagnóstico e tratamento da depressão devem contribuir para otimizar o tratamento de distúrbios cardiometabólicos. / Introduction: Nowadays non-communicable chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and depression, are major public health problems worldwide. These conditions are commonly associated and contribute to cardiovascular complications and mortality. Previous studies showed that motivational interviews may improve cardiometabolic and psychological aspects. Objectives: In order to assess lifestyle intervention this study includes: 1) Systematic review and meta-analysis to verify effect of lifestyle interventions on depression; 2) to compare effects of two lifestyle interventions in the cardiometabolic risk and in retention of at-risk individuals; 3) to analyze influence of depression in cardiometabolic response to interventions mediated by inflammation and, 4) to assess residual effect at 9 months after completion of interventions according to clinical variables, quality of life and depression. Methods: In the systematic review major bibliographic databases were searched. Meta-analysis was conducted by random-effects model. The effect of method, duration, and frequency of the interventions were determined via subgroup analyses. Our longitudinal study includes prediabetic adults, submitted to one of two lifestyle interventions (TRD:Traditional or INT:Interdisciplinary). Data were collected (anthropometry, blood pressure, biochemical profile and inflammation markers CRP, TNF-, adiponectin) at baseline, 9th and 18th month, as well as 9 months after completion of interventions (observational phase). Diet was evaluated by 24h recalls and physical activity by IPAQ. Depression was measured by Beck Inventory and quality of life (QOL) by SF-36. Linear mixed-models were applied for longitudinal analysis. Student t-test was used to compare means and chi-square for frequencies. Pearson coefficient was used to select variables for multiple regression analysis. Results: Through systematic review and meta-analysis, we found that lifestyle interventions to manage diabetes reduce depression scores (SMD= -0.151; IC: -0.253, -0.049). Among 183 individuals, 46 per cent had depression, 12 mostly women, with greater adiposity and lower QOL scores. After 18 months of both interventions, depression scores were reduced. Compared to TRD, the INT had greater reductions in energy intake, adiposity, blood pressure levels, likewise higher adiponectin and physical activity levels. Only in the TRD individuals who dropped out showed worse health profile and increased depression scores, compared to those who non dropped out. In multiple regressions, depression in women increased the chances of non-improvement in blood pressure and glucose levels. This association was not mediated by inflammation. In the observational phase, adiposity, but not other parameters, differed between groups over time. QOL and depression were maintained improved with both interventions. Discussion: 1) This meta-analysis suggests that lifestyle interventions intended to manage DM were effective in improving depression. Regular screening for depression is essential for this at-risk subset; 2) The interdisciplinary psychoeducation-based intervention proved to be useful for reducing cardiometabolic risk profile, and improving retention of individuals with worse profile. This approach represents a feasible strategy for motivating at-risk individuals to adopt a long-term healthy lifestyle; 3) Depression predicted a lower chance of improving long-term cardiometabolic risk, particularly in women. We suggest that screening and management of depression as part of lifestyle interventions can potentially improve cardiometabolic responses. 4) Interdisciplinary intervention improved QOL and reduced depression scores, as well as maintained weight loss 9 months after interruption of intervention, which may contributes to the sustained improvement. Conclusion: In general, interdisciplinary intervention was effective to improve cardiometabolic risk and depression, likewise to retain individuals with worse health status. It was not found benefits mediated by inflammation reduction. This strategy may motivate individuals at high risk to adopt healthier life habits. Health professionals must be aware about deleterious effects of depression to manage individuals at risk. Diagnosis and treatment of depression may contribute to optimize treatments of cardiometabolic diseases.

ABSTRACT: This research generated a formal method for global ‘situation modelling’ of near-critical and critical phenomena. The new paradigms and the construction of mental reality or social spaces do not explain the damaged world we leave to our children and the degeneration of health. The ‘physical’ was explored experimentally through the reputed imperfection of the body in daily living and the ecology of its health. An ‘integral’ methodology allowed combining this with a study of general perspectives in many fields. This theoretical and empirical study was framed according to a third-order logic: (1) The variety and inconsistency of perspectives on the unclear notion of ‘health’ required a generalist (meta-)classification or organising principle applicable in particular to health. The method of ‘perspectival analysis’ is based on the field- and domain-specific vocabularies, number of categories, and image types used in formulating explanation/ experience in each framework, in both scientific and human domains. This theoretical study was (2) grounded in a ‘radical empirical’ study of the effects of nutrition and healing techniques on a low-grade chronic syndrome (not life threatening but connected to stress, inflammation, swelling, tissues wasting). A ‘local-case’ experimental research design (representative of an aspect of health), and new topographic ‘gauging’ techniques were devised to observe small spatial changes (positioning, distortion, distribution). The results and concrete/ practice models led to the same conclusion as the abstract study: all our perspectives on health, body and space, have some underlying systemic form, and have in common two unifying frames – duality and polarisation –, characteristic also of point-set theory derived frameworks. Using them allows ‘circumnavigating’ the essential of all possible perspectives, without becoming lost in their details. However, they leave non-local effects, anomalies (or ’bad behaviour’) and periodical instability unexplained. (3) These were investigated by studying behaviour (irrespective of whether internal or external), and ‘not well understood’ induced health manifestations, and by mapping their topologic properties of small deformation through (a) a ‘local’ cognitive consideration of experience construction, the research process itself, and the intellectual skill of model-making, (b) etymologic studies to track forward semantic developments and perspectival shifts and inversions, (c) a graphic study of the universal symbolic forms in models, traditions, and dreams, tracing them back to ‘world-origin’ models (appearance/occurrence), and shape-icons (mental, cultural), such as tree, ladder, mountain or vortex-vertex spiral. This thesis examines health disturbance, physical distortions and cultural deformations, their usual descriptions as timed changes, and shows how two fundamental parameters of direction and motion (or movement, energy, 'Wind') define geometries of binding, or directional activation (or active projection). These culturo-mental geometries produce generic images of locally induced phenomena, and represent boundary phenomena globally as 'natural' in the spatial-physical world, and as 'hidden' or latent in the human world. Their downside is to introduce systematic instability in our expressions, models of culture/civilisation, as well as in health manifestations. All these are found to be rooted in modelling styles derived from the 'local' geometry of observing – framing – a field in 'perspective', mostly based on vision, audition, and skin surface (touch). These geo-Metries are used to explain and justify in particular the instability and recurrent crises of health in chronic syndromes and ageing, and the ‘badly behaved’ health of childhood and adult females (eg consequences of pregnancy). The conclusion imposed itself that the ‘physical world of humans’ is shaped through critical response and boundaries, and it appears that physical integrity, including sound health, sanity and even safety, cannot be preserved but by conscious alert attention or voluntary practice or effort (eg ‘workout’). Some experiences recounted in this work (some from the literature) led to an opposite presupposition. Three possible logics rule deployments of perspective into flat, spherical, and hyperbolic geometries (a known basis of mathematics). Which is used depends on the ‘local’ state of criticality (sense of urgency, emergency, pressure) of the observing body-brain-‘system’. It correlates with this universally assumed vertical axis, with the exclusive use [instruments too] of the senses of the head and of ‘skin-encapsulated’ derived systemic definitions of ‘the world’ and ‘the observer’ (self or body). These allow localising and attributing properties to one or the other or their combination. However, they can also be considered as undifferentiated properties, ‘non-local’ but governing, of the ‘physical world of humans’ as it is apprehended in daily living, manifesting in a surface-related sense of swelling and gravity. A simple form of geometric topology ‘without hole’ (without discontinuity), here introduced through two cognitive experiments, animations, and images, can describe this. The method of ‘nexial-topology’ produces an ‘animated imaging’ that can be used to model (but not ‘represent’ in word, number, or realistic/ naturalistic images) the situation reaching ‘critical boundary’. It then shows auto-reinforcing self-organisation and auto-destruction in ‘passing’ it. Yet, it can also be used as a ‘native gauging’ expressed in gesture or body posture, related to intuition, instinct, and the rare ‘thinking in image’. As such, it describes approaching ‘critical boundary’ (versus ‘reaching’) as auto-limiting. A crucial finding is that ‘spontaneous’ behaviours (non-induced, non-intended) can ensure the integrity of health under operation in most conditions, and stop extremes. Yet, they are usually deemed meaningless, random or useless, and are systematically suppressed by enculturation and prevented by civilised lifestyles. ‘Nexial-topology’ gives a clear meaning to them, and can model the ‘ease’ of health and of daily living. It gives access to more basic options, with wider effects, more immediate than all our solutions, often ignored because too obvious. For example, ‘global warming’ could be addressed as a non-local property and a deployment into crises to ‘stop’, rather than separate problems of water, resources, heated behaviour, inflammatory and ‘water diseases’. KEYWORDS: Interdisciplinary research, cross-disciplinary methodologies, modal logic, fundamental problem, general relativity, localisation, physicalism, geometric quantization, occurrence, appearance, extension, projection, attribution, distributed, anthropic principle, anthropomorphism, unified, unbounded, left, right, spiral, viral, genetic drift, natural, life, human nature, human pressure, limit, extreme, threshold, validity, value, critical decision making, apperception, child cognition, sense, semantic drift, Four Elements, symbolic inversion. THIS IS A MULTI-MEDIA THESIS. FOR A SITE MAP OF THE NAMES AND DISPLAY ONLINE OF THE 52 FILES OF THIS THESIS, PLEASE CONSULT THE SECTION: ORGANISATION OF THE MULTI-MEDIA MATERIALS IN THIS THESIS, IN THE FRONT PAGES FILE (SOURCE 2), BEFORE THE TABLE OF CONTENTS. / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

La premisa de partida de esta Tesis Doctoral es que la Unidad de Toxicologia Clinica (UTC) del Hospital Universitari Son Dureta(HUSD), entendida como instrumento funcional y vertebrador de los profesionales de diferentes Servicios hospitalarios con interés profesional en el ámbito de la Toxicología, puede actuar como elemento generador de las condiciones favorables para desarrollar métodos y estrategias orientadas a la mejora global del proceso asistencial del paciente intoxicado. En dicha Unidad, el Registro de Intoxicados es el instrumento principal para estructurar, planificar, monitorizar y evaluar los trabajos realizados tanto en el campo asistencial como en el docente e investigador. La segunda premisa es que la participación del analista clínico como miembro activo de la UTC no se limita a intervenir en la identificación, cuantificación y confirmación de los productos tóxicos y sus metabolitos en muestras biológicas, en la interpretación toxico-cinética del resultado analítico obtenido y en el asesoramiento de la solicitud de pruebas analíticas, sino que también participa en todas las fases del proceso de atención al intoxicado. Atendiendo a estas premisas, las hipótesis que se formulan en este trabajo son las siguientes: 1. El registro de pacientes intoxicados con especial atención en sus aspectos analíticos, es una herramienta válida para aportar conocimiento sobre la realidad epidemiológica de nuestro entorno y sobre la utilización de los recursos analíticos, tanto los específicamente toxicológicos como los meramente complementarios. 2. El conocimiento que posee el médico asistencial sobre la utilidad, condicionamientos y limitaciones de algunas determinaciones analíticas utilizadas en el intoxicado agudo, concretamente sobre las pruebas de cribado de drogas de abuso en orina, es limitado y susceptible de mejora. 3. En la intoxicación por paracetamol, es posible mejorar el tratamiento del paciente mediante el diseño y la utilización de herramientas simples basadas en parámetros farmacocinéticos del paracetamol. Los objetivos generales que se propone alcanzar esta Tesis Doctoral son los siguientes: 1. Adecuar racionalmente la cartera de servicios del laboratorio de la UTC del HUSD/HUSE en base al conocimiento obtenido con los resultados del registro de los pacientes intoxicados agudos, para poder ofrecer una respuesta analítica toxicológica específica adecuada a los tóxicos más prevalentes en nuestra área asistencial. 2. Medir la importancia que los facultativos que atienden a los intoxicados otorgan al laboratorio en el proceso diagnóstico y terapéutico y valorar sus conocimientos sobre algunos aspectos básicos de determinadas pruebas de laboratorio. 3. Establecer si mediante el cociente entre dos determinaciones de paracetamol en suero es posible predecir el riesgo de hepatotoxicidad y si la determinación de paracetamol en orina en la población pediátrica es útil para detectar la ingesta de este fármaco. Estudiados los resultados obtenidos con los materiales y métodos utilizados en esta Tesis como conclusiones de la misma se destaca en primer lugar que el estudio de los datos del registro ha conseguido conocer la realidad de la epidemiologia de la intoxicación en nuestro entorno geográfico lo que ha permitido dirigir los objetivos del laboratorio a la consecución de los medios, tanto instrumentales como humanos, capaces de mejorar sustancialmente la respuesta a las necesidades clínicas evidenciadas, incrementado la capacidad de detección y/o cuantificación analítica de los tóxicos presentes en nuestra muestra, tanto la del grupo TOP 50 como la del grupo TOP DRUGS. Asimismo, las encuestas realizadas han permitido valorar objetivamente el grado de conocimiento que poseen los clínicos que atienden a enfermos intoxicados sobre diferentes aspectos relativos a la toxicología analítica, y se han obtenido orientaciones que han facilitado conocer con una base objetiva lo que se espera del laboratorio, y cómo valora el clínico solicitante al laboratorio y los resultados analíticos suministrados. En relación a la intoxicación por Paracetamol, la estimación de la semivida del PCT en los casos en que no es posible aplicar el nomograma de Rumack-Mattew, posibilita obtener de manera rápida y fácil una información objetiva útil que permite valorar la adecuación o no de instaurar el tratamiento específico, y que aporta un dato complementario útil en la valoración pronostica de la intoxicación por PCT. Asimismo la determinación de PCT en orina ha mostrado ser una herramienta útil para descartar una ingesta de PCT en las 24 horas previas, por lo que resulta adecuada su inclusión en el algoritmo de actuación del paciente pediátrico con sospecha de intoxicación aguda por PCT. Como conclusión final, se indica que la creación, el mantenimiento y el desarrollo de la UTC en nuestro Hospital ha sido el instrumento funcional vertebrador y generador de las condiciones necesarias para el desarrollo de trabajos e investigaciones en el campo de la Toxicología Clínica, actuando como elemento aglutinador de los profesionales de diferentes Servicios hospitalarios con interés en el ámbito de la Toxicología Clínica. / Title: Analytical input to the process of patient care intoxicated. Experience in the Clinical Toxicology Unit of Hospital Universitari Son Dureta. Author: Bartomeu Castanyer Puig The overall objectives of this thesis are: 1. Rationally adjust the service portfolio of Unit of Clinical Toxicology (UTC) of Hospital Universitari Son Dureta (HUSD), based on the knowledge gained from the results of registration of acute poisoned patients, to provide adequate specific toxicological analytical response to toxicants more prevalent in our area care. 2. Measuring the importance that physicians who care for intoxicated give the laboratory in diagnostic and therapeutic process and assess their knowledge of some basic aspects of certain lab tests. 3. Set if the quotient between two determinations of serum paracetamol is possible to predict the risk of hepatotoxicity, and if the determination of paracetamol in urine in the pediatric population is useful for detecting the intake in the previous 24 hours The conclusions of this thesis, studied the results obtained with the materials and methods used, emphasizes first that the study of log data has gotten to know the reality of the epidemiology of poisoning in our geographic area which has allowed direct laboratory objectives the achievement of the means capable of responding to the clinical needs evidenced. Furthermore, surveys have assessed objectively the degree of knowledge possessed by different clinical aspects of analytical toxicology, and orientations have been obtained which have facilitated an objective basis to know what is expected of the laboratory, and how to assess the applicant to the clinical laboratory and analytical results provided. Regarding paracetamol poisoning, the estimated half-life of PCT in cases where it is not possible to apply the Rumack-Matthew nomogram, allows to obtain quickly and easily objective information that provides a useful complementary data in the prognostic assessment of intoxication. Also PCT determination in urine has proved a useful tool to rule out an intake of PCT in the previous 24 hours, making it suitable for inclusion in the action algorithm of pediatric patients with suspicion of acute PCT intake.

Although matters of faith, religion and spirituality are central to the lives of millions of people in the global South. and many faith based organizations are actively involved in development. few northern academics in the field of international development make explicit reference to religion's role in development. and, if they do, the subject is often subsumed under another category, such as culture. This study seeks to shed light on the interface between religion and international development in Canadian academic institutions: to what extent is the influence -- for good or ill-- of religion or development acknowledged in their programmes, publications, and curricula? This is accomplished by means of an analysis of references to religion in the Canadian Journal of Development Studies (CJDS) and Canadian Development Reports as well as in the course offerings of International Development Studies (IDS) departments at Canadian universities. Findings show that only about 1% of article titles and 2% per cent of abstracts mention the subject of religion in its broadest definition over the twenfy five year history of the CJDS. Of 2,684 IDS courses offered (including courses cross-listed with Religious Studies departments), some 3% mention religion in their titles, and 8% in course descriptions. However, upon closer examination, only a handful of courses directly analyze the relationship between religion and development. Findings from this research are further interrogated in surveys and interviews with key informants, in order to uncover some of the reasons for what is perceived to be a lacuna in IDS teaching and research. Various recommendations are advanced: positivistic biases in academia need to be acknowledged, more research should be devoted towards an area currently understudied, and northern academics must be challenged to consider the religious reality of southern life, for, in Robert Chambers' words, "Whose reality counts?" Clearly the religious dimension of global life needs to be afforded a sharper focus in the programmes, publications and curricula of IDS departments at Canadian academic institutions. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2005.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1996. / Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Accompanying materials in Spanish. Sponsor: Robert Taylor. Dissertation Committee: Robert McClintock. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-135).

Thesis (D.A.)--Illinois State University, 2000. / Title from title page screen, viewed May 2, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Lawrence McBride (chair), Donald E. Davis, Niles Holt, Alvin Goldfarb. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 291-296) and abstract. Also available in print.

Thesis (MPhil (Information Science))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. / This thesis explores phenomena surrounding the creation of knowledge, employing a multidisciplinary approach. To start with a view on the physical location of knowledge is discussed. This helps highlight the problem of defining knowledge and simultaneously introduces a set of fundamental and conceptual questions about the phenomena surrounding the creation of knowledge . The set of questions are then focussed on the process of knowledge creation. The investigation starts in the field of archaeology, in particular at the dawn of modern civilisation, with views on the earliest forms of knowledge creation. From there the investigation moves on to aspects of contemporary neurology. This allows for a comparison between humans from the ancient past with humans of today thereby identifying a neurological link between these periods. Based on current research within the field of behavioural neurology it is posed that knowledge creation is a process initiated by the impact of electromagnetic fields on the brain. A review of the medical research within the neurological sciences on the effects of electromagnetic field stimulation shows it to be effective as a treatment modality, a behavioural modifier, a suppressor and facilitator of cognition, as well as a sensory modulator. The interaction of the brain with electromagnetic fields is shown as a form of transduction similar to that of regular sensory transduction. Since the transduction of electromagnetic stimuli can functionally modulate sensory reception, cognition, behaviour and some neurological conditions, the creation of sensory perception, cognition, behaviour and neurological conditions (all phenomena surrounding knowledge creation) can be shown as functionally dependant on the electro-chemical process of ferromagnetic transduction (magneto reception). The ferromagnetic transduction model may then be seen as the sensory mechanism that initiates and modulates the process of knowledge creation. The modulation of this process is revealed cognitively in savants, behaviourally in some of the greatest thinkers in history and on a planetary scale as a force of nature. The implications of these findings is that if the keys to the creation of knowledge have been found, great care needs to be taken when deciding to implement any type of artificial or natural modulation to neural firing rates not only because of the total effect modulation can have on the individual but also because of the social consequences resulting from those who wish to socially discriminate according to the ability of and beliefs arising from the knowledge creating process.