Le sujet porte sur le partenariat, son avènement et ses portées juridiques, de sorte que le champ temporel de cette approche descriptive et analytique couvre à la fois la veille et l'aube du troisième millénaire. Ainsi, cette approche afférente au partenariat au sein du système international se base notamment sur les instruments juridiques pré-onusiens à savoir le pacte de la SDN, et ceux onusiens, à commencer par la charte des Nations Unies et la déclaration du millénaire, ayant généré les objectifs du millénaire pour le développement. Ces deux instruments et bien d'autres ayant une nature thématique et dogmatique, sont évalués et surtout affinés par des documents de nature nettement plus pragmatique, notamment le document final du sommet mondial 2005. Par ce moyen, la nature juridique est mieux conjuguée avec les retombées socioéconomiques au niveau mondial. Par conséquent, la thèse tente une modélisation du partenariat, notion récente et peu consensuelle, apportant ainsi du pragmatisme sur le plan notionnel et empirique du droit du développement. / The subject deals the partnership, its emergence and its juridical range, as the temporal scope of this descriptive and analytical approach, covers both, the eve and the dawn of the third millennium, therefore, this approach related to the partnership within the international system, based especially on the pre-United Nations instruments in particular the pact of the League of Nations, and the united nations instrument, especially the Charter of this organization and the Millennium Declaration, which generate the Millennium Development goals In particular, the eighth goal, related to establishment of a global partnership for development. These two instruments and more others with dogmatic and thematic kind, are evaluated and refined by much more pragmatic documents, that is the, 2005 world summit outcome document, so the juridical nature is better combined with worldwide socioeconomic impact and its applications on a regional, multilateral and bilateral partnership . Thus, the thesis tries modeling the most consensual guidelines partnership, this recent and little consensual notion.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2017-10-16T18:22:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabiano Lopes de Moraes.pdf: 1259882 bytes, checksum: 6954240ea44067ab2817fe7b54df73b7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-16T18:22:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabiano Lopes de Moraes.pdf: 1259882 bytes, checksum: 6954240ea44067ab2817fe7b54df73b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-10 / This scientific research aims at drawing a parallel between the UN Guiding Principles for Business and Human Rights and their effectiveness as mechanisms for protecting Human Rights in violations committed by companies. For this, the work begins to verify the classic theory of Alberto Asquini about companies, locking a parallel with contemporary companies and the need for protection of human rights, their social and sustainable responsibility for the economic tripod. After that, a descriptive study will be carried out on the UN human rights protection mechanisms, and the access mechanisms and regulatory procedures to repair cases where there is a violation. Finally, the UN Guiding Principles for Business and Human Rights will be explored further and the central question will be raised as to whether it is effective as a mechanism for the protection of human rights and whether there is a need to create an international treaty as a means of linking States And Companies in the protection and reparation in cases of violation of Human Rights. For this research was used the hypothetical inductive method and bibliographical survey aims to demonstrate the current state and possible mechanisms for protection of human rights in violations by companies. / A presente pesquisa científica visa traçar um paralelo entre os Princípios Orientadores da ONU para Empresas e Direitos Humanos e sua efetividade como mecanismos de proteção aos Direitos Humanos nas violações cometidas por Empresas. Para tanto, inicia-se o trabalho com a teoria clássica de Alberto Asquini sobre empresas traçando um paralelo com teorias contemporâneas sobre empresas e a necessidade de proteção aos direitos humanos, sua responsabilidade social e sustentável pelo tripé econômico. Após será feito um estudo descritivo sobre os mecanismos de proteção aos direitos humanos da ONU, e quais os mecanismos de acesso e procedimentos regulatórios para reparar os casos em que houver violação. Por fim irá se aprofundar nos Princípios Orientadores da ONU para Empresas e Direitos Humanos e a pergunta central do tema, se há efetividade como mecanismo de proteção aos Direitos humanos, e se há a necessidade de se criar um tratado internacional como meio de se vincular Estados e Empresas na proteção e reparação nos casos de violação aos Direitos Humanos. Para esta pesquisa foi utilizando-se do método hipotético indutivo e levantamento bibliográfico pretende demonstrar o estado atual e possíveis mecanismos de proteção aos Direitos Humanos nas violações por empresas.

[pt] Esta dissertação de mestrado, ao longo de quatro capítulos, busca demonstrar como a Amazônia foi impactada e transformada por projetos de integração regional que, por meio do protagonismo do Estado brasileiro, se processou tanto na dimensão nacional quanto na internacional. O resultado foi a integração completa de toda região amazônica aos imperativos, preceitos, demandas e interesses do capitalismo global. Procuramos também sustentar a premissa teórica que globalização e capitalismo global são sinônimos e que sua expansão depende da atuação direta do Estado para se realizar no território, tornando-se uma forte variável para a definição das características gerais de uma região. / [en] This MSc dissertation, through four chapters, sought to demonstrate how the Amazon was impacted and transformed by projects of regional integration that, through the protagonism of the Brazilian State, was processed both in the domestic and international dimension. The outcome was the complete integration of all Amazon region to the imperatives, assumptions, demands and interests of global capitalism. We also sought to sustain the theoretical assumption that globalization and global capitalism are synonym and that their expansion depends on the direct agency of the State to be a territorialized reality.

The Diploma Thesis deals with the President of the Republic and his/her relation to the International Treaties, to the Negotiation, the Approval and the Ratification. The work contains both international and national perspective of the problem. The thesis is a reflection of the ongoing expert debate, to which extent has the President of the Republic the constitutional right of decision-making autonomy in the field of International Treaties of the Czech Republic. The thesis analyses the current legal situation and presents up-to-date juridical opinions together with arguments from the political science.

Issues of international tax relations are a very important matter in the domain of international business. Double taxation of income and capital, administrative demands of crossborder tax relations, and from the point of view of tax authorities also fight against tax evasion, these all are problems that must be considered rigorously in a world economicaly based on international exchange of goods and services. What's more, these issues are dealt with on mutualy distinct legal legal levels of domestic, European and international law, and only with deep analysis of all three systems in context of each other can be identified what rules govern specific issues of international tax relations. Although some areas, especially avoding international double taxation, are nowadays resolved in a satisfactory way, other issues, e.g. crossborder assistance in collection of taxes, are yet to be settled complacently. This thesis is aimed at exploring international tax relations and legal rules, that govern these relations. Where possible, author takes broader look at issues at hand; where finding relevant resources is too challenging, it takes a point of view from perspective of czech legal system including valid international agreements. Main part of this text deals with issues related to prevention of...

Dans la résolution d’un conflit opérée conformément aux règles de droit qui lui sont applicables, les juridictions ordinaires françaises sont amenées à se prononcer sur l’applicabilité des normes conventionnelles au regard de leur conformité à la Constitution. Ce contrôle, longtemps cantonné à la seule vérification de l’existence de la procédure d’insertion de l’engagement international, s’est progressivement développé, jusqu’à conduire à une appréciation de la constitutionnalité externe de la norme internationale. Dans un contexte de prégnance exponentielle de l’ordre juridique international sur l’ordre juridique interne, cette dynamique jurisprudentielle est apparue comme un palliatif aux carences inhérentes au contrôle a priori pratiqué par le Conseil constitutionnel, interprète authentique et premier de la Constitution. La conjugaison des deux modes de contrôle de constitutionnalité, augmentée de l’examen préventif opéré par les formations administratives du Conseil d'État, n’apporte pourtant pas une réponse pleinement satisfaisante à l’ « angle mort » persistant dans le contrôle de constitutionnalité des normes internationales. En l’absence de titre d’habilitation au bénéfice du juge ordinaire dirigé contre elle, la norme internationale jouit d’une injusticiabilité de nature à obérer la suprématie de la Constitution dans l’ordre juridique interne. Le Conseil d'État et la Cour de cassation ont pourtant consacré cette supériorité. Mais le refus par le juge ordinaire d’étendre sa jurisprudence au contrôle de la constitutionnalité interne de la norme internationale rend inconséquente cette affirmation jurisprudentielle. L’instauration de la question prioritaire de constitutionnalité, loin de vider le débat de son intérêt, réactive les interrogations soulevées par l’appréhension des rapports de systèmes, en soulignant la nécessité d’opposer un contrôle de l’applicabilité des engagements internationaux en vigueur. Il convient dès lors de s’interroger sur la possibilité et sur l’opportunité d’une évolution en ce sens de la jurisprudence du Conseil d'État et de la Cour de cassation. L’enjeu de la réflexion menée n’est pas uniquement théorique. Au-delà des implications procédurales, elle dessine en creux les contours de la souveraineté nationale et interroge quant à sa réalité / In order to decide a case in accordance with applicable law, French ordinary jurisdictions are lead to determine whether applicable international rules comply with the Constitution. This supervision was long limited to the review of the insertion modalities of international treaties into domestic law and has progressively extended to the review of the external constitutionality of international rules. This evolution has compensated for the inherent shortcomings of the a priori review of international treaties carried out by the Constitutional Council, the final interpret of the Constitution. The conjugation of these two review mechanisms does not however satisfactorily address a “blind spot” in the area of the compliance of international rules to the Constitution. The fact that there are cases in which international rules cannot be reviewed jeopardizes the supremacy of the Constitution in domestic law. The Council of State and the Court of Cassation have however recognized this superiority but the refusal by ordinary jurisdictions to review the internal constitutionality of the international rules makes this superiority ineffective. The introduction of the “priority preliminary ruling on the issue of constitutionality revives the debate regarding systems relationships, and emphasizes the necessity of establishing a more complete review of the applicability of international treaties in force. Thoughts should be given to the possibility of such an evolution in the Council of State and Cassation Courts rulings. The stakes of the analysis here conducted are not only theoretical. Beyond procedural consequences, it draws a first outline of the national sovereignty, and questions as its reality

1 Abstract Spread of International Law into Decision-Making Practice of Domestic Authorities In principle international law does not impose its subjects how to achieve compliance with its international legal obligations within their jurisdiction. However, for the effectiveness of international law in each country it is the approach of legislative, executive and judiciary authorities to international obligations that is vital. The thesis focuses mainly on the judiciary, while the issues of international law application by the domestic courts have not yet been at full length described. Part One is an introduction which describes the subject of the work methodology and terminology used in its processing. The first main aim of the thesis was to examine in detail legal rules for the application of international law as they result from both constitutional and ordinary law. These rules constitute a framework within which institutions applying international law deal with it. The third part of the thesis is mainly dedicated to fulfilment of the first main aim, it is entitled The Current Application of International Law by National Authorities of the Independent Czech Republic and the Development of this Legislation. But partially also the second part, entitled Historical Development of Binding Force of International...

Cette thèse présente trois études qui imaginent à nouveaux frais la définition et le rôle du droit international dans la réponse que l’on peut apporter aux menaces transnationales contre la santé et aux inégalités sociales. Le premier chapitre évalue les capacités qu’ont les lois internationales traditionnelles de promouvoir la santé mondiale, en étudiant en particulier quand et pourquoi des traités internationaux sur la santé peuvent être utiles. Une synthèse de 90 évaluations d’impact quantitatif de traités passés a été réalisée et un cadre analytique a été développé. Le deuxième chapitre s’appuie sur ce travail pour évaluer une large gamme de possibilités de travailler en vue d’une action mondiale collective portant sur la résistance aux antimicrobiens, dont celles qui impliquent la construction d’institutions, la conception d’incitations et la mobilisation d’intérêts. Ce chapitre soutient que leur impact sur le monde réel dépend de relations d’imputabilité fortes. Le troisième chapitre porte cette thèse au-delà des notions westphaliennes traditionnelles d’action collective en s’intéressant à la question de savoir si de nouvelles technologies perturbatrices peuvent théoriquement produire les mêmes effets de régulation sur les questions de santé au niveau mondial que des lois internationales négociées par les États. Dans un premier temps, ce chapitre présente un modèle relativement simple d’apprentissage automatique qui quantifie automatiquement la pertinence, la qualité scientifique et le sensationnalisme des articles et valide ce modèle à partir d’un corpus de 163 433 articles de presse mentionnant les pandémies récentes de SARS et de H1N1. / This dissertation presents three studies that reimagine the definition and role of international law to address transnational health threats and social inequalities. The first chapter assesses opportunities for traditional international laws to promote global health, specifically examining when and why global health treaties may be helpful. Evidence from 90 quantitative impact evaluations of past treaties was synthesized and an analytic framework was developed. The second chapter builds on this work by evaluating a broad range of opportunities for working towards global collective action on antimicrobial resistance, including those that involve building institutions, crafting incentives and mobilizing interests. This chapter argues that their real-world impact will depend on strong accountability relationships. The third chapter takes this dissertation beyond traditional Westphalian notions of collective action by exploring whether new disruptive technologies can theoretically provide the same global regulatory effects on health matters as state-negotiated international laws. As a first move, this chapter presents a relatively simple machine-learning model that automatically quantifies the relevance, scientific quality and sensationalism of news media records, and validates the model on a corpus of 163,433 news records mentioning the recent SARS and H1N1 pandemics.

<p>The main aim of this study was to explore lived experiences of unaccompanied foreign minors in South Africa from a social work perspective. An important goal was to also explore the lack of guidelines on how to assist these young people. This study was conducted in a Children&rsquo / s Shelter, which is situated in the North-Eastern outskirts of Polokwane, where a group of unaccompanied refugee children from Zimbabwe were living. This study was qualitative and explorative in nature. Non-probability sampling was used to select participants for the study. Ten children were selected, ranging from age 14 to 18 years. Semi-structured interviews with the children and a focus group discussion with five care workers were held. Thematic analysis was used. The findings of this study revealed that services by government social workers are limited compared to those from social workers employed with nongovernmental organisations. It is hoped that this study will assist government and other role players in planning, advocacy and policy development related to the issues affecting unaccompanied refugee children.</p>

<p>The main aim of this study was to explore lived experiences of unaccompanied foreign minors in South Africa from a social work perspective. An important goal was to also explore the lack of guidelines on how to assist these young people. This study was conducted in a Children&rsquo / s Shelter, which is situated in the North-Eastern outskirts of Polokwane, where a group of unaccompanied refugee children from Zimbabwe were living. This study was qualitative and explorative in nature. Non-probability sampling was used to select participants for the study. Ten children were selected, ranging from age 14 to 18 years. Semi-structured interviews with the children and a focus group discussion with five care workers were held. Thematic analysis was used. The findings of this study revealed that services by government social workers are limited compared to those from social workers employed with nongovernmental organisations. It is hoped that this study will assist government and other role players in planning, advocacy and policy development related to the issues affecting unaccompanied refugee children.</p>