Before the Swedish election 2022 SVT presented surveys that showed that the voters are poorly informed about the regional responsibility for the Swedish healthcare system. The regions have certain mandatory and voluntary duties. The purpose of the study is to examine what knowledge students have about the decision making areas that the regional politicians have in Region Västerbotten The study also examine whether there are any variations between the students depending on their background. These different backgrounds are gender, educational orientation and political dedication. The study is a quantitative survey carried out by students with varying study orientations at Umeå University. The results of the survey present the political knowledge that the students have. The result is then analyzed with the issue public model, a theory that knowledge varies depending on interest and group affiliation. The study finds that there are knowledge differences between the students depending on gender, educational orientation and political dedication. The greatest variation regarding political knowledge was found between individuals depending on the political dedication. Interpretation of this result is that political knowledge varies depending on political interest and group affiliation.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the debate surrounding the implementation of specific library issue systems (the Browne issue system and the Gothenburg issue system) in early twentieth century Sweden. Utilising discourse analysis as a theoretical basis, several articles published in the trade magazine Folkbiblioteksbladet between 1903 and 1911 have been analysed. The articles contain argumentation in favour of either of the two issue systems, through which it is possible to analyse larger ideas regarding the nature of the emerging public libraries in Sweden. Through close reading of these articles, four main discourses as well as a fifth overarching discourse have been identified: efficiency, statistics, guiding, uniformity, and finally control. These discursive discussions both inform and reveal the shape that the debate takes, as well as reveal an understanding of the ideals existing surrounding the formation of the new public libraries in Sweden. The study shows that the influence of the Anglo-American library sphere, as well as a strong interest in technological development and a modernisation of society at large contributed to the issue system debate and subsequently to the formation of the modern Swedish public libraries. Regarding the issue system specifically it was the Browne issue system which became the more widely implemented one in Sweden.  This is a two-year master’s thesis in library and information science.

[pt] A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar uma possível contribuição da filosofia de Schopenhauer para os debates acerca da questão da ambiental. Com base na metafísica imanente do filósofo, de acordo com a qual todos os seres são essencialmente vontade, possuindo, por essa razão, algo em comum entre si e compartilhando da mesma essência volitiva e sofredora, pretendemos apresentar a possibilidade de ler/identificar nessa metafísica a proposta de uma ética ambiental, visando até mesmo à conservação da natureza, tanto pela via ética quanto pela via estética, as quais possuem, conforme explicitaremos adiante, pontos em comum. Levantamos tal hipótese devido à noção schopenhaueriana de que tudo quanto existe faz parte da mesma essência e, por isso, deve ser visto como fim, não como meio. Dessa forma, evitar o sofrimento do homem, mas também dos outros viventes deve ser motivo para minha ação moral. Seguindo também a argumentação da via estética de que a natureza apraz por si mesma, devendo o homem interferir nela o mínimo possível, pensamos que, ainda que seja um tanto utópico esperar que o homem enquanto ser egoístico acredite na dignidade da natureza, e, não obstante os argumentos de Schopenhauer conterem elementos místico-românticos, a metafísica do filósofo pode sim contribuir para o debate ambiental, sobretudo acerca da conservação da natureza. Além disso, pensamos que as vias ética e estética estejam entrelaçadas, pois ambas pressupõem a supressão do querer interessado e egoísta, encontrando-se no que concerne ao desinteresse e ao des-uso da natureza. O momento estético de contemplação do belo e do sublime é um momento ético, de suspensão do egoísmo interessado. O que ambos têm em comum é o fato de serem momentos de suspensão da individualidade, portanto, da vontade. Ademais, acreditamos que além das vias ética e estética, podemos levar em consideração também a eudemonologia de Schopenhauer, como argumento a favor da conservação ambiental ou contra a degradação ambiental, mas pela via da racionalidade, como sabedoria de vida, não mais como experiência de desinteresse. / [en] This research was conducted to present a possible contribution to the Philosophy of Schopenhauer concerning the environmental issue debate. Based on the the philosopher s immanent metaphysics, according to which all beings are essentially Will, thus exhibiting something common among themselves and sharing the same volitive and suffering essence, we intend to present the possibility of reading/identifying in his metaphysics a proposal for an environmental ethics, even aiming at nature conservation, from the perspective of ethics as well as aesthetics, and the connection between them, elaborated in this dissertation. This hypothesis is proposed in connection to Schopenhauer s notion that everything that exists participates on the same essence, and thus must be viewed as ends and not as means. This way, the imperative for moral action should be to avoid suffering, to humans as well as to other living beings. Taking into account the aesthetic argument that Nature enjoys itself and consequently humans ought to interfere as little as possible, we argue that even though it might seem utopian to expect that egotiscally prone humans believe in the dignity of Nature, and notwithstanding that Schopenhauer s arguments hold romantic mystic-romantic elements, his metaphysics is inherently able to promote the environmental debate, specially concerning Nature Conservation. Furthermore, we think the aesthetic and ethical arguments are intertwined, since both pressupose the supression of the purposeful and egotistical Will, finding a common ground on the disinterested attitude towards Nature. The aesthetic moment of contemplation of the Beautiful and the Sublime is also an ethical moment, of suppression of the purposeful egotism. What to them is that both are moments of suppression of the individuality, and consequently of the Will. Furthermore, we believe that besides the ethical and aesthetical arguments, we can consider also Schpenhauer s eudemology as an additional argument favoring environmental conservation or against environmental degradation, this time from the perspective of rationality, as wisdom of life and not as experience of disinterest.

Software developers and teams typically rely on source code and tasks management tools for their projects. They tend to depend on different platforms such as GitHub, Azure DevOps, Bitbucket, and GitLab for task-tracking, feature-tracking, and bug-tracking to develop and maintain their software repositories. Individually, developers may lose concentration when having to navigate through numerous screens consisting of various platforms to perform daily tasks. Additionally, while in meetings (non-virtual), teams are often separate from their machines and often would have to rely on pure recollection of the tasks and issues related to their work. This can delay the decision-making process and take away valuable focus hours of developers. Although there is usually one person with their laptop to guide the meeting and has access to the source code management tools, this can take a lot of time as they are not familiar with all the developers’ independent works. Therefore, a new tool needs to be introduced to help accelerate individual and team meetings’ productivity. In this paper, we continued the work on Robin, a voice-assistant built to answer questions regarding GitHub issues and source code management. Robin has the ability to answer questions in addition to completing actions on the behalf of the developer. This thesis presents Robin's abilities, architecture, and implementation while also examining its usability through a user study. Our study suggests that some people love the idea of having a conversational agent for software development. However, a lot more research and iterations must be done to fully make Robin give the user experience we imagined. In this thesis, we were able to set the foundation of this idea and the lessons that we learned.

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