This dissertation was a research subject and the waif delinquent Sergipe period 1942-1974. It is a historical survey of bibliographical and documentary approach to the Cultural History. The overall goal was to analyze how the authorities dealt with the problem of homeless children and delinquent. The time frame is associated with the creation of the first public institution to host sergipana offenders and abandoned children, called the City of Minors Getúlio Vargas, which ran from 1942, the year of its inauguration in 1974, when it closed its doors after a crisis in the system welfare of minors. In the first section, i worked the representations of the lowest in the nineteen hundreds, the current legislation, the relationship of education, discipline and moral criminology child. In the second section, i presented the relationship of Social Assistance and the judiciary in the face of the problem smaller, the importance of education and education to work for the rehabilitation of the minor, the origin and the end of the Lower City of Sergipe; analysis of its resemblance to the models in which it was inspired , the problem of lower Sergipe, taking into account the judicial referrals: from education to prison, the House of Girls Santa Inês, as an institution to house abandoned girls in Sergipe and configuration of minors from legal proceedings; documents and newsletters individual judiciary, besides interviews with people who were part of the City of Minors Getúlio Vargas . Adopted as main concepts: "abandoned" (PEREIRA, 1994 and VEIGA and FARIA FILHO, 1999); "delinquent" (RIZZINI, 1995 and VEIGA and FARIA FILHO, 1999),"education" (DURKHEIM, 1978 and JINZENJI, 2010); statement (JINZENJI, 2010) and "minor" (RIZZINI, 2010; PERES, 2002 and VEIGA and FARIA FILHO, 1999). So with this research, i intend to contribute to the historiography sergipana about the history of education of homeless children and delinquent in Sergipe. / Esta dissertação teve como objeto de pesquisa o menor abandonado e delinquente de Sergipe do período de 1942 a 1974. É uma pesquisa histórica, de cunho bibliográfico e documental, com abordagem na História Cultural. O objetivo geral foi analisar como as autoridades lidavam com o problema do menor abandonado e delinquente. O recorte temporal está associado à criação da primeira instituição pública sergipana para acolher menores abandonados e delinquentes, chamada Cidade de Menores Getúlio Vargas, que funcionou de 1942, ano da sua inauguração, a 1974, ano em que fechou suas portas após uma crise no sistema de assistencialismo aos menores. Na primeira seção trabalhei as representações sobre o menor nos Novecentos; a legislação vigente; a relação da educação, disciplina e moral com a criminologia infantil. Na segunda seção apresentei a relação da Assistência Social e do Poder Judiciário em face o problema do menor; a importância da educação e da educação para o trabalho para a ressocialização do menor; a origem e o fim da Cidade de Menores de Sergipe; uma análise da sua semelhança com os modelos em que foi inspirada; o problema do menor em Sergipe, levando-se em consideração os encaminhamentos judiciais: da educação ao cárcere; a Casa das Meninas Santa Inês, como uma instituição para acolher meninas abandonadas em Sergipe e a configuração dos menores a partir dos processos judiciais; documentos e boletins individuais do judiciário; além de entrevistas com sujeitos que fizeram parte da Cidade de Menores Getúlio Vargas. Adotei como principais conceitos: abandonado (PEREIRA, 1994 e VEIGA e FARIA FILHO, 1999); delinquente (RIZZINI, 1995 e VEIGA e FARIA FILHO, 1999); educação (DURKHEIM, 1978 e JINZENJI, 2010); instrução (JINZENJI, 2010) e menor (RIZZINI, 2010; PERES, 2002 e VEIGA e FARIA FILHO, 1999). Assim, com esta pesquisa, pretendo contribuir com a historiografia sergipana sobre a história da educação do menor abandonado e delinquente em Sergipe.

M.A. / The institutionalisation and rehabilitation of juvenile delinquents has always been a contentious issue, generating much research and differences in opinions. What to do with youngsters who are too young to be criminals and too violent to be youth, remains a complex dilemma in a society where the incidence of juvenile delinquency is increasing by the day. The South African phenomenon of a marginalised generation who readily takes part in criminal behaviour, necessitated the development of a co-ordinated strategy involving formal and informal support groups in the training and development of this group. The establishment of e ,e first Youth Development Centre in Newcastle, named Ekuseni, was initiat ,* by President Nelson Mandela, in response to his concern that the conditions in South African jails are not conducive to transforming and developing young prisoners. The Ekuseni project was aimed at providing young convicted persons with appropriate life skills, education and training, to enable them to pa cipate fully in society. The aim of this study was to develop a psycho-educational programme to facilitate leadership competencies in young prisoners. The leadership programme constitutes one of the development programmes in the holistic rehabilitation model, developed specifically for the Ekuseni project by the Rand Afrikaans University. The leadership programme is aimed at developing various leadership competencies, grounded in leadership competency theory. The competencies included in this study were more specifically based on the research and the development of a unique leadership model for the South African organisational context by Charlton (1993). These concepts were adapted and integrated with theory on juvenile delinquency to develop a leadership program= suitable for South African youth in prison. The first step in the programme was to help students to create a vision for themselves and for the Ekuseni Youth Development Centre, and to take responsibility for attaining that vision. This included a shift from an external to an internal locus of control. Through learned communication skills, e competency to communicate this vision to other prisoners, to enlist them in dedicated action towards a constructive future, was facilitated. The development of conflict management skills as an essential competency for leaders in a youth prison, were facilitated in order for leaders to constructively resolve conflict between prisoners and staff, as well as between prisoners themselves. This is especially necessary in conflict between youth gangs in prison. Trust, earned by leaders through reliable and consistent behaviour is a fourth competency facilitated through IP is programme. Students were taught the art of interpersonal trust, which in turn enabled them to help others and empower themselves. The evaluation of the effectiveness of this programme did not fall nV in the parameters of this study. It is therefore recommended that this study be evaluated in future, before it is implemented in other youth prisons in South Africa.

No description available.

The present study focused on male incarcerated youth, ages ranging from twelve to eighteen, in a twenty-four hour care treatment facility. The study attempted to determine what historical factors such as types of crimes committed, length of criminal history, and gang involvement are behavioral indicators of the type of youth who resist treatment. For the study, run away behavior indicated the youth was resistant to treatment.

Successful outdoor camp programs are being threatened by decreased funding and increased focus on the control of juvenile delinquents. To determine the success of outdoor camp programs for the juvenile delinquent, it is important to examine the recidivism rates of those who go through the programs compared to those who do not. By properly infusing outdoor camp programs with resiliency education, new programs can be created with even more success. This paper is a literature review of the present state of research in both fields. With the background information presented here, the goal is to become a 'springboard' for further research.

Mentally ill juveniles who are incarcerated in correctional facilities receive minimal or no treatment services. The research in this thesis determines that mentally ill juvenile offenders receive inadequate treatment. It also determined that juvenile correctional officers as well as others in the criminal justice system are not trained properly to deal with mentally ill juveniles.

Available literature reveals that most prevalently delinquency has been viewed from a modernist perspective. However, as cybernetic epistemology increased its stronghold within the field of psychology, explanations became increasingly systemic in nature. In this study a literature review is presented which articulates these approaches. This critique is followed by a comprehensive consideration of delinquency from a social constructionist stance as an alternative to modernist and early cybernetic perspectives. Examples are provided as to possible ways in which the label "delinquency" evolves within an interpersonal context, as well as the ways in which the meaning engendered is linked to broader cultural discourses. It has been acknowledged that this does not constitute the social constructionist perspective on delinquency, but represents some challenging ideas about how delinquency is co-created between people. Implications for therapy and research are also discussed. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

Summaries in English and Afrikaans / In the following theoretical study the phenomenon of boot camps is described within a penological perspective, as it has originated and developed and is applied in the United States of America. The primary aim of this study is to obtain the Magister Artium degree. Secondly, it sheds light on an alternative method of dispensation of offenders, more specific juvenile offenders, in the criminal justice system. The investigation is intended to make a modest contribution to the content of penology. Knowledge and insight obtained can serve as guidelines for future research in respect of and application of boot camps in South Africa. The planning and functioning of boot camps is taken into account and the rationale behind boot camps as an effective institution of punishment is investigated. This was done against the background of the elements of punishment, over-population of prisons, cost-effectiveness, residivism and rehabilitation. The study is of importance for South African circumstances, because of the increasingly over-population of prisons and the negative effect of imprisonment, especially on juveniles. / In die hieropvolgende teoretiese studie word die verskynsel van boot camps soos wat dit in die Verenigde State van Amerika ontstaan en ontwikkel het en toegepas word, binne 'n penologiese perspektief beskryf. Die beskrywing het in die eerste plek ten doel om die graad Magister Artium te verwerf. Ten tweede werp dit Jig op 'n alternatiewe beskikkingsmetode vir oortreders, veral jeugoortreders, in die regsplegingstelsel. Die doel van die ondersoek is om 'n beskeie bydrae tot die vakinhoud van die penologie te lewer. Kennis en insig wat ingesamel is kan as rigtingwyser dien virtoekomstige navorsing met betrekking tot en toepassing van boot camps in Suid-Afrika. Die beplanning en funksionering van boot camps word in oenskou geneem en die rasionaal van boot camps as 'n effektiewe strafinrigting is ondersoek. Dit is gedoen teen die agtergrond van die elemente van straf, gevangenisoorbevolking, koste-effektiwiteit, residivisme en rehabilitasie. Die studie is van belang vir Suid-Afrikaanse omstandighede weens die toenemende oorbevolking in gevangenisse en nadelige uitwerking van gevangenisstraf op veral jeugoortreders. / Penology / M.A. (Penology)

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Crime in South Africa is a common occurrence and crimes committed by young people are rapidly becoming a serious problem. During the 19th and zo" centuries, young offenders were institutionalised in reform schools for example. However, social workers and probation officers realized that the confinement in these schools caused frustration amongst the young offenders and also encouraged further deviant behaviour. In South Africa, the Department of Correctional Services implemented community corrections, on 1 June 1993, as an alternative sentence option to imprisonment. Community corrections have two distinctive forms, namely correctional supervision and parole supervision. Correctional supervision is a community-based sentence, which is prescribed by the courts and is served within the community under strict supervision and control of correctional officials and probation officers. The Department of Correctional Services mainly implemented correctional supervision in order to divert young offenders away from being exposed to the harsh and severe life of incarceration. The goal of the study was to explore correctional supervision as an alternative sentence option and present a description of this sentence for the juvenile delinquents. The objectives were to explore the juvenile offender's perception of correctional supervision, the impact of this sentence on the offender's family members and the availability and the role that the probation officers play during the juvenile's sentence to correctional supervision. The contents of the report focused on describing the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency and other related topics, such as theories and contributing factors, and correctional supervision as an alternative sentence option. Exploratory-descriptive research was done and questionnaires were utilized as instruments for data collection from the juvenile offenders, their family members and the probation officers. The juvenile offenders were part of the Department of Correctional Services' (Worcester) justice system and the probation officers are employed at the Department. Conclusions and recommendations are made regarding the respondents' perceptions, opinions and experiences of the sentence of correctional supervision. The proposed recommendations should be a guide for the Department of Correctional Services in order to change certain factors that contribute to the poor co-operation of juvenile offenders sentenced to correctional supervision. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Misdaad in Suid-Afrika is 'n bekende verskynsel en misdaad gepleeg deur jong mense is vinnig besig om 'n ernstige probleem te word. Gedurende die neëntiende en twintigste eeu, is jeugoortreders na inrigtings, soos byvoorbeeld verbeteringskole, gestuur. Maatskaplike werkers en proefbeamptes het egter besef dat die afsondering in hierdie skole, frustrasies veroorsaak en self verdere afwykende gedrag aanmoedig. In Suid-Afrika, het die Departement van Korrektiewe Dienste Gemeenskapskorreksies op 1 Junie 1993, as 'n alternatiewe vonnisopsie tot gevangenisstraf, geïmplementeer. Gemeenskapskorreksies het twee onderskeidende vorme, naamlik korrektiewe toesig en parooltoesig. Korrektiewe toesig is 'n gemeenskapsgebaseerde vonnis, voorgeskryf deur die howe, en word uitgedien in die gemeenskap onder streng supervisie en beheer deur korrektiewe amptenare en proefbeamptes. Die Departement van Korrektiewe Dienste het korrektiewe toesig hoofsaaklik geïmplementeer om jong mense weg te wys van die onaangename blootsteling aan die gevangenislewe. Die doel van die studie was om korrektiewe toesig, as 'n alternatiewe vonissopsie te verken en 'n beskrywing van hierdie vonnisopsie vir die jeugoortreder te gee. Die doelwitte was om die jeugoortreder se persepsie van korrektiewe toesig, die impak van dié vonnis op die oortreder se gesinslede en die beskikbaarheid en rol van die proefbeampte tydens 'n jeugdige se straf tot korrektiewe toesig, te verken. Die inhoud van die verslag fokus op die beskrywing van die verskynsel van jeugdelikwensie asook verbandhoudende onderwerpe, soos teorieë en bydraende faktore, en korrektiewe toesig as 'n alternatiewe vonnisopsie. 'n Verkennende-beskrywende studie is gedoen met behulp van vraelyste, as 'n instrument van data insameling by die jeugoortreders, hul gesinslede en die proefbeamptes. Die jeugoortreders was deel van die Departement van Korrektiewe Dienste (Worcester) se regstelsel en die proefbeamptes is werksaam by die Departement.

published_or_final_version / Urban Planning / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning