Akademisk avhandling--Lund. / Extra t.p., with thesis note, inserted. Imprint on cover: Lund. A.-b. Gleerupska universitetsbokhandeln. "Källor och litteratur": p. [xi]-xxiv.

Frankfurt (Main), Universiẗat, Diss., 2003.

<p>I denna uppsats har jag tagit reda på hur klimatförändringarna i framtiden kan komma att drabba Kalmar. Syftet med uppsatsen var att förklara för läsarna hur klimatförändringarna visar sig, hur de kan påverka städer och dessutom se hur de olika organisationerna som agerar inom kommunen och länet har planerat för detta och vilka kunskaper de har. Uppsatsen är skriven med en kvalitativ explanativ metod. Med hjälp av olika personer som jobbar inom berörda organisationer har jag kommit fram till att det största problemet som kan uppstå på grund av klimatförändringarna är översvämningar och stormar. Då Kalmar är en gammal stad som är uppbyggd nästan precis i strandkanten så skulle en permanent höjning av vattennivån medföra att stora områden i Kalmars centrala delar skulle kunna hamna under vatten. Redan nu kan det konstateras att Kalmar Hamn har problem med kajernas hållfasthet på grund av en urgröpning som är ett resultat av de senaste årens högvatten.</p>

There is much to learn concerning the local nobilities in Sweden. This paper attempts to answer whether or not the mayors of Kalmar are to be acknowledged as members of the local elite during the 18th century. In order to receive a deeper understanding regarding this matter, one must also investigate what significations are located within the elite terminology. All this and more will be answered with support from the latest research by Gudrun Andersson among others. By studying inventories of estate and biographical archive materials one is acquainted with fourteen early modern men who carried out their political and social careers in the city of Kalmar. Because the term elite is dependent on the different circumstances in its surrounding environment, it has been divided into four categories in this paper; political, economic, social and cultural factors. The conclusion is made that the mayors all belonged within the political elite. All of them also show some characteristics which are consistent with an economic elite, however the situation is complex and is therefore more firmly discussed in this paper. Concerning social and cultural elites, the mayors fulfill much of the requirements and the conclusion is therefore made that they most certainly are a part of the local elite in Kalmar city.

Syfte: Syftet med studien är att kartlägga vilka möjligheter som finns för att Kalmar i framtiden ska bli en åretrunt-destination. Metod: För att få bästa möjliga utfall av vår studie har ansatsen i den här studien varit induktiv då vi valde att studera verkligheten, utan att styras av redan befintliga teorier. Datainsamlingen skedde genom kvalitativa ostrukturerade intervjuer som analyserades och kompletterades med väsentliga teorier, diverse artiklar samt relevanta hemsidor. Slutsats: Vi anser att Kalmar har möjligheter till att förlänga säsongen om större satsningar görs på att utveckla vinterhalvåret, lägga större vikt vid samarbete mellan aktörer samt även att arbeta mer med marknadsföring. En utveckling av Kalmar under vinterhalvåret kan i det långa loppet bidra till att Kalmar blir en åretrunt-destination.

This study aims to view an extended family locally connected to the Swedish city of Kalmar. The purpose is to analyse whether the extended Kreuger-family could be considered an upcoming elite, in spite of their foothold in trade, commerce and manufacturing. While these concepts would traditionally be associated with the bourgeois; the evolving times of primarily the nineteenth century creates a platform for social mobility and change that might have affected the Kreuger-family in ways that created a role for them in society that was no longer middle class, but instead a local form of an elite. The study analyses lifestyle and inventory of the estates of five generations of Kreugers, alongside marital alliances with members of the upper class within six generations of the extended family. Lastly the source material is viewed didactically for a teaching scenario. The source material include inventory of estates, personal letters and biographical material from the public archive of Kalmar Läns Museum. The result shows that the Kreuger-family could be considered as a rising elite in some respects. Advantageous marriages to members of the upper class increased from the first generation to the sixth culminating in six noble marriages in total. While income seemed to fluctuate, symbolic capital remained intact. Profession evolved from trade to commerce and manufacturing, resulting in a majority of success. The result shows a middling class family steadily rising higher on the social ladder, due to economical success. The extended Kreuger-family can be categorized as a new and modern elite, steadily rising from the year 1710 and onwards.

This essay provides a study of the plans for the spaces that is used to integrate newly arrived immigrants that occurs within the society of Kalmar. A qualitative analysis consisting of two official documents provided by the local authorities of Kalmar have been used, to examine what kind of strategy the local government use, when it comes to creating space to host and integrate newly arrived immigrants to the local society. Recent researches in the field of human geography and immigrants have shown that previously focus has been with the immigrants travel and what occurs at the borders. Recently the focus has shifted towards what happens on a regional scale when the immigrants settle down. This study provides results that show the desired spaces are constructed as places for integration both in action and in thought. Although many of the spaces that are constructed are with the intention to both integrate the new immigrants and create a multicultural society that benefits from the many cultures that flourish in it. The focus is not only on integration but also on a perspective of growth to be able to use the immigrants as work resources. And by doing so, the local government assure not only an integrated city but also makes the immigrants fill the gap in an economic and growth perspective. Conclusions that are drawn from this study shows that most spaces that is planned to be created will indeed help to bring different groups closer and bond to each other, but some of the plans may backfire and create segregation instead of integration.

This paper investigates the responsive behaviors of the King Gustav I of Sweden in connection with the two fortified border towns and adjacent areas of Kalmar in Småland and Viborg (today Vyborg) in the Karelian Isthmus from the outgoing letters sent by the king during three significant periods during his reign; 1527-1530 highlighting the Westrogothian rebellion, 1543-1544 with the climax of the Dacke War and 1555-1558 featuring the Russo-Swedish War and the delegations of Duchy of Småland and Finland to his eldest sons Eric and John. With the help of secondary literature we could pinpoint important courses of events that confirm the contexts of the letters.The results show that Gustav I was a highly demanding character who gave calls and advices to his subordinates regarding both military and civilian spheres. The nature of the letters can be categorized after four main themes: 1) Defensive counsels of the cities' fortifications, walls and castles 2) Military presence within the defenses’ facility and by the borders 3) The burgess' various complaints and problems 4) Trading rights and hindrance. The use of authority by law echoes throughout the letters, due of Gustav I:s position as King of Sweden.It is rather accepted today, that Gustav I was a product of his time with the teachings of Machiavelli spreading all over Europe. Traits as authoritarian rule and supervision over its subjects is a common feature in the letters during his lifetime, but also a hint of flexibility of the laws, giving his subjects exceptions during pressed and hard times.

This essay is investigating what the citizens of Kalmar could read in the local newspapers on matters concerning the Soviet Union during the cold war. We chose to do a study of the two largest local newspapers in the region, Barometern and Östra Småland. We wanted to see how they reported about three specific events. In addition to the newspapers, we used litterature who dealt with Swedish foreign policies during the above mentioned period. The reason behind the choice of litterature was to get a bigger picture, contextually. The most important results given from the study was that the local citizens in Kalmar were able to get a lot of useful information regarding the events. We could also see that there was a difference between the newspapers in the way they reported about the events. That was most clear in the editorial material where the newspapers political tendencies were shining through. Regarding the swedish foreign policy, it was made clear to us that the most distinct feature was to maintain their neutrallity in the polarized world. In order to do that, the image of neutrality had to be preserved. That’s why Sweden during certain periods, were cautious in their criticism against the Soviet Union and USA.

<p>This essay considers the new prison in Kalmar, which was built 1852 and replaced the former prison in the castle of Kalmar. In the forts the conditions were awful and the interms lived together in large rooms. With the new reform that took place in Sweden, with the so-called Philadelphiasystem, the concept was to isolate the prisoner one by one in smaller rooms. The idea was to give them a religious ground so they could get themselves a self-reflection and a conscience. It was a new system for the personnel to control the internals and the order in prison.</p>