Spelling suggestions: "subject:"knee replacement"" "subject:"knee deplacement""
101 |
Epidurální katétr na ortopedických odděleních - přínos pro pacienty i sestry? / Epidural catheter for orthopedic wards - the benefits for patients and nurses?MAŠÁTOVÁ, Milada January 2014 (has links)
Epidural analgesia causes a temporary cessation of nerve conduction via administration of low concentration of local anaesthesia, or opioid, into epidural space. The resulting temporary discontinuation of nerve conduction is called central neuroaxial anaesthesia and it facilitates the process of surgical intervention. An epidural catheter is usually inserted during epidural desensitisation. It helps to control the amount of administered anaesthesia and hence to respond to surgery progress, but it also enables to keep the catheter within the epidural space for the following postoperative analgesia, which will promote timely postoperative rehabilitation and pain management.The research project was conducted on basis of quantitative and qualitative investigation. The quantitative research was performed via questionnaires directed at the nursing staff, and the qualitative research took form of semi-structured interviews with patients. The quantitative investigation was conducted in fourteen health care facilities in the Czech Republic. Respondents of the quantitative research were nurses working in orthopaedic departments, multidisciplinary ICU or ARO (Anaesthesiology Resuscitation Dept.), who provided care to patients after TKR or THR with an epidural catheter insitu. Qualitative research respondents were patients hospitalised in orthopaedic departments for TKR or THR, with epidural catheter insitu and who agreed to participate at the interview. Quantitative research data were processed in Excel 2010 and presented in graphs, frequency and contingency tables, whereas the qualitative research data were processed using charts of the Smart Art program. After the agreement with the management of health care facilities, this dissertation will promote education and aid situation improvement. The Standard of Nursing Care Assisting a Patient with Epidural Catheter during Insertion and Care will be an outcome of this project. Moreover, we will design a patient information booklet and a quality of care indicator that will focus on monitoring of complications occurrence such as infections in patients with epidural catheter. The findings may help to design a training course specialised in nursing care provision to those patients and also to provide basis for further research.
|
102 |
X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Studies of Orthopedic MaterialsEhrman, James D. 05 October 2009 (has links)
No description available.
|
103 |
An efficient and robust simulator for wear of total knee replacementsBurchardt, Ansgar, Abicht, Christian, Sander, Oliver 28 November 2022 (has links)
Wear on total knee replacements is an important criterion for their performance characteristics. Numerical simulations of such wear have seen increasing attention over the last years. They have the potential to be much faster and less expensive than the in vitro tests in use today. While it is unlikely that in silico tests will replace actual physical tests in the foreseeable future, a judicious combination of both approaches can help making both implant design and pre-clinical testing quicker and more cost-effective. The challenge today for the design of simulation methods is to obtain results that convey quantitative information and to do so quickly and reliably. This involves the choice of mathematical models as well as the numerical tools used to solve them. The correctness of the choice can only be validated by comparing with experimental results. In this article, we present finite element simulations of the wear in total knee replacements during the gait cycle standardized in the ISO 14243-1 document, used for compliance testing in several countries. As the ISO 14243-1 standard is precisely defined and publicly available, it can serve as an excellent benchmark for comparison of wear simulation methods. We use comparatively simple wear and material models, but we solve them using a new wear algorithm that combines extrapolation of the geometry changes with a contact algorithm based on nonsmooth multigrid ideas. The contact algorithm works without Lagrange multipliers and penalty parameters, achieving unparalleled stability and efficiency. We compare our simulation results with the experimental data from physical tests using two different actual total knee replacements. Even though the model is simple, we can predict the total mass loss due to wear after 5-million gait cycles, and we observe a good match between the wear patterns seen in experiments and our simulation results. When compared with a state-of-the-art penalty-based solver for the same model, we measure a roughly fivefold increase of execution speed.
|
104 |
EXPLORATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PAIN INTENSITY, COMFORT LEVEL AND PATIENT SATISFACTION AMONG ORTHOPEDIC PATIENTS FOLLOWING KNEE SURGERY ON POSTOPERATIVE DAY ONEOsborne, Michelle January 2015 (has links)
No description available.
|
105 |
Varus-Valgus Knee Laxity and Biomechanical Function in Patients with Severe Osteoarthritis and after Total Knee ArthroplastyFreisinger, Gregory Martin 29 May 2015 (has links)
No description available.
|
106 |
Perceptions of surgical nurses regarding the post-operative pain management of patients after total hip or knee replacement surgeryKolobe, Litaba Efraim 11 1900 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the surgical nurses’ perceptions
about the management of post-operative pain and strategies employed in management
of pain in patients who have undergone total hip or knee replacement surgery in King
Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Qualitative, exploratory-descriptive research design was applied. Purposive nonprobability
sampling was used and data collected by means of audio-recorded semistructured
individual interviews. Data saturation was reached after interviewing twenty
surgical nurses. Themes and categories emerged from adopting Creswell’s (2013) “data
analysis spiral”.
One of the key findings was that patients reportedly experience moderate to severe pain
during the first three days after surgery, before it is controlled on mild to moderate levels
or before the patient is pain free. Conclusions were drawn, and one of the major ones
was that multimodal strategies are employed by the surgical to manage post-operative
pain. Recommendations were also made from findings of this study, and one key
recommendation was that expatriate nurses to have access to Arabic speakers to
overcome language barriers. / Health Studies
|
107 |
Perceptions of surgical nurses regarding the post-operative pain management of patients after total hip or knee replacement surgeryKolobe, Litaba Efraim 11 1900 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the surgical nurses’ perceptions
about the management of post-operative pain and strategies employed in management
of pain in patients who have undergone total hip or knee replacement surgery in King
Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Qualitative, exploratory-descriptive research design was applied. Purposive nonprobability
sampling was used and data collected by means of audio-recorded semistructured
individual interviews. Data saturation was reached after interviewing twenty
surgical nurses. Themes and categories emerged from adopting Creswell’s (2013) “data
analysis spiral”.
One of the key findings was that patients reportedly experience moderate to severe pain
during the first three days after surgery, before it is controlled on mild to moderate levels
or before the patient is pain free. Conclusions were drawn, and one of the major ones
was that multimodal strategies are employed by the surgical to manage post-operative
pain. Recommendations were also made from findings of this study, and one key
recommendation was that expatriate nurses to have access to Arabic speakers to
overcome language barriers. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)
|
108 |
Psychometric Evaluation of Joint-Specific Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Before and After Total Knee Replacement: A DissertationGandek, Barbara L. 23 September 2014 (has links)
Background: Patient reports of pain and function are used to inform the need for and timing of total knee replacement (TKR) and evaluate TKR outcomes. This dissertation compared measurement properties of commonly-used patient surveys in TKR and explored ways to develop more efficient knee-specific function measures.
Methods: 1,179 FORCE-TJR patients (mean age=66.1, 61% female) completed questionnaires before and 6 months after TKR. Patient surveys included the knee-specific Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and generic SF-36 Health Survey. Tests of KOOS and WOMAC measurement properties included evaluations of scaling assumptions and reliability. Item response theory methods were used to calibrate 22 KOOS function items in one item bank; simulated computerized adaptive tests (CAT) then were used to evaluate shorter function scores customized for each patient. Validity and responsiveness of measures varying in attributes (knee-specific versus generic, longer versus shorter, CAT versus fixed-length) were compared.
Results: KOOS and WOMAC scales generally met tests of scaling assumptions, although many pain items were equally strong measures of pain and physical function. Internal consistency reliability of KOOS and WOMAC scales exceeded minimum levels of 0.70 recommended for group-level comparisons across sociodemographic and clinical subgroups. Function items could be calibrated in one item bank. CAT simulations indicated that reliable knee-specific function scores could be estimated for most patients with a 55-86% reduction in respondent burden, but one-third could not achieve a reliable (≥ 0.95) CAT score post-TKR because the item bank did not include enough items vi measuring high function levels. KOOS and WOMAC scales were valid and responsive. Short function scales and CATs were as valid and responsive as longer KOOS and WOMAC function scales. The KOOS Quality of Life (QOL) scale and SF-36 Physical Component Summary discriminated best among groups evaluating themselves as improved, same or worse at 6 months.
Conclusions: Results support use of the KOOS and WOMAC in TKR. Improved knee-specific function measures require new items that measure higher function levels. TKR outcomes should be evaluated with a knee-specific quality of life scale such as KOOS QOL, as well as knee-specific measures of pain and function and generic health measures.
|
109 |
Pokročilá technologie výroby kloubních implantátů metodou EBM / Advanced production technology for joint implants made by the EBM methodBučková, Katrin January 2020 (has links)
Tato práce se zabývá pokročilou technologií výroby personalizovaných kloubních implantátů metodou EBM za použití titanové slitiny Ti6Al4V-ELI a navrhuje nový unikátní design kolenního implantátu společně s metodologií jeho inserce, přičemž tato řešení jsou součástí patentové přihlášky č. PV 2020-459. Toto neinvazivní řešení náhrady kolenního kloubu je šetrnější k pacientovi, maximálně chrání jeho zdravé tkáně a kosti, navíc se dá předpokládat vyšší životnost implantátu ve srovnání s tradičními dostupnými řešeními. Byla uskutečněna výroba vzorků z materiálu Ti6Al4V-ELI metodou EBM, proveden rozbor jejich materiálových, mechanických, technologických a únavových vlastností. Dále byly popsány pokročilé metody zobrazování, úpravy a tvorby kloubních ploch a použity k vyvinutí nového designu personalizovaného kloubního implantátu společně s inovační technologií jeho inserce a nástroji potřebnými k její úspěšné realizaci. Toto nové řešení bylo úspěšně ověřeno mnoha testy i výrobou Ti6Al4V-ELI a CoCrMo prototypů implantátů metodou EBM. Proveditelnost a použití v praxi bylo konzultováno a schváleno odborníky v této oblasti.
|
110 |
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF OUTCOMES OF TOTAL JOINT REPLACEMENT CLASS PARTICIPATIONFisher, Emily Kay 09 May 2013 (has links)
No description available.
|
Page generated in 0.1859 seconds