Orientador: Claudio Salvadori Dedecca / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T03:31:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barbieri_CarolinaVerissimo_M.pdf: 991395 bytes, checksum: 61355c0a34528342102990e38a724b61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo explicitar a correlação entre o mercado de trabalho privado não-agrícola e as condições de financiamento do Regime Geral da Previdência Social (RGPS). É possível provar que a evolução do desequilíbrio entre a arrecadação sobre folha salarial e o gasto com benefícios pagos aos trabalhadores do setor privado foi fortemente determinada pelas modificações ocorridas no mundo do trabalho ao longo dos anos 1990 e início dos anos 2000. Observa-se que a base mais importante de contribuição para o Orçamento da Seguridade Social, o mercado de trabalho, vem sendo corroída ao longo dos anos 1990 e início dos anos 2000. Essa corrosão teve como principais causas, não a diminuição relativa do número de ocupados contribuintes para a previdência entre 1995 e 2005, mas sim a queda real dos rendimentos do trabalho e a inserção de pessoas economicamente ativas em postos de trabalho pior remunerados do que antigamente / Abstract: This study has as objective to demonstrate the correlation between the private non-agricultural labour market and the financing conditions of the Regime Geral da Previdência Social (RGPS). It is possible to prove that the evolution of the disequilibrium between the sum of contributions based on wages and the expenditure with benefits to the private sector workers was strongly determined by the changes in the labour market throughout the 1990?s and the beginning of 2000?s. The most important base of contribution for the Social Security Budget, the labour market, has been corroded. This corrosion had as main causes not the relative reduction of the number of contributors for the pension funds between 1995 and 2005, but mainly the real fall of the labour income and the worse remunerated insertion of economically active people in these years / Mestrado / Economia Social e do Trabalho / Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico

nÃo hà / O presente trabalho identificou e avaliou as aÃÃes que consolidam a polÃtica de emprego para pessoas com deficiÃncia no MunicÃpio de MaracanaÃ, Estado do CearÃ. O trabalho foi realizado com pesquisa quantitativa, bem como com dados qualitativos que nos apoiaram no entendimento da subjetividade dos nossos sujeitos. O mÃtodo de anÃlise utilizado foi o de Estudo de Caso. Com a pesquisa bibliogrÃfica obteve-se aprofundamento dos estudos, que permitiu um reforÃo paralelo na anÃlise. A pesquisa de campo realizou-se no municÃpio de MaracanaÃ. A amostra constituiu-se de 127 pessoas com deficiÃncia, sendo que, destas, 23 foram familiares de deficientes, 02 entrevistas feitas com as psicÃlogas do Setor de Recursos Humanos de duas empresas e 01 tÃcnico do SINE/IDT e 01 tÃcnico da SuperintendÃncia Regional do Trabalho. O levantamento dos dados junto aos sujeitos realizou-se no perÃodo de marÃo a agosto de 2010. Para a coleta de dados foi aplicado um questionÃrio, realizadas entrevistas e tambÃm utilizado o diÃrio de campo. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram pessoas com deficiÃncia que estÃo dentro e fora do mercado de trabalho, familiares, profissionais que prestam serviÃos em ÃrgÃos pÃblicos e recursos humanos de empresas. Na primeira parte do trabalho tem-se uma abordagem histÃrica das diferentes civilizaÃÃes, recorrendo a autores como Bianchetti (1988), Skiliar (1997) e Cavalcante (2001). Para refletir sobre pessoa com deficiÃncia e trabalhar com os conceitos de preconceito, exclusÃo e estigma, a fundamentaÃÃo construiu-se com o estudo de autores como Goffman (1988) e Sassaki (2006). Para tratar sobre questÃes pertinentes ao trabalho e sua importÃncia na ocupaÃÃo humana na perspectiva da pessoa com deficiÃncia, o embasamento teÃrico se deu com autores como Schruber (2002) e Carreta (2004). Para finalizar os eixos teÃricos, trabalhou-se as questÃes de cidadania e polÃticas pÃblicas na perspectiva da inclusÃo social e amparo legal para a pessoa com deficiÃncia; onde se buscou autores como Silva (2000) e Behring e Boschetti (2006) para dialogar. Conclui-se que, apesar de ainda existir a barreira do preconceito e da falta de conhecimento e qualificaÃÃo a respeito das potencialidades da pessoa com deficiÃncia, à possÃvel comprovar, como foi demonstrada na experiÃncia do Projeto Aprendiz, sua capacidade para o mercado de trabalho. Tal projeto forma um indivÃduo cada vez mais produtivo, reforÃando a luta pela inclusÃo destes sujeitos em todos os sentidos de sua vida. / This study identified and evaluated the actions that strengthen the employment policy for persons with disabilities in the City of Maracanaà (CE). The study was quantitative research, as well as qualitative data that supported us in understanding the subjectivity of our subjects. The analysis method used was the Case Study. With the literature we obtained further studies, which allowed a parallel increase in the analysis. The fieldwork took place in the town of Marazion. The sample consisted of 127 persons with disabilities, and of these, 23 were families of disabled where we collect the data, 02 interviews with the psychologists of the Department of Human Resources for two companies and 01 technical SINE / IDT 01 and Technical Supervision Regional Labor. The survey of data from the subjects took place from March to August 2010. For the data collection was a questionnaire, interviews were conducted and also used a field diary. The research subjects were people with disabilities who are in and out of the labor market, families, professionals who provide services in public agencies and staffing companies. In the first part of the work has a historical approach of the different civilizations, drawing on authors as Bianchetti (1988), Skiliar (1997) and Cavalcante (2001). To reflect on people with disabilities and work with the concepts of prejudice, exclusion and stigma, the grounds was built with the study of authors such as Goffman (1988) and Sassaki (2006). To address issues pertaining to the work and its importance in human occupation from the perspective of people with disabilities, the theoretical basis was given to authors such as Schruber (2002) and Wagon (2004). To conclude the theoretical strands, worked as issues of citizenship and public policy from the perspective of social inclusion and legal support for people with disabilities, where we sought to authors such as Silva (2000) and Behring and Boschetti (2006) for dialogue. We conclude that, despite the presence of the barrier of prejudice and lack of knowledge and skill about the potentials of the disabled person, it is possible to prove, as was demonstrated in the experience of the project Apprentice, his capacity for labor market. This project forms an individual more productive, strengthening the fight to include these subjects in every sense of your life

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:39:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Chaves Lima.pdf: 899604 bytes, checksum: 1c80936b7226357c83267b75f77b31b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-01 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão / Every person has the right to social equality, being disabled or not, as well as respecting his/her integrity, feelings and opinions. This study aimed to compare the reality of disabled people in the labour market between Brazil and Portugal. A semi structured 25 variable website accessible questionnaire was used. Responses from 10 Brazilian and 10 Portuguese were compared. Although descriptive analysis have shown a different distribution in each group, inferential analysis showed no statistically significance between both nationalities, with the exception of degree of disability. / Toda pessoa tem direito à igualdade social sendo ela deficiente ou não, mantendo sua integridade, e respeitando seus sentimentos e opiniões. Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar a realidade das pessoas com deficiência no mercado de trabalho entre Brasil e Portugal. Utilizou-se como instrumento de pesquisa um questionário semi-estruturado com 25 variáveis que pode ser acessado via website Foram comparadas as respostas de 10 trabalhadores brasileiros e 10 portugueses. Embora a análise descritiva tenha demonstrado uma distribuição diferente de respostas em cada grupo, a análise inferencial demonstrou que não houve associação estatisticamente significante entre as diferentes nacionalidade, exceto, o grau de incapacidade.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka huruvida och på vilket sätt unga individer med behovs- och deltidsanställning upplever att deras anställningsform påverkar deras hälsa, livssituation och vardagsliv. I uppsatsen beskrivs behovs- och deltidsanställningar som otrygga då de i många fall innebär ett oförutsägbart schema och en oförutsägbar inkomst. Studien är kvalitativ och bygger på fem intervjuer med unga individer mellan 20–30 år som alla har, eller under de senaste sex månaderna har haft, en behovs- eller deltidsanställning som huvudsaklig sysselsättning. Det insamlade datamaterialet analyseras med hjälp av fyra sociologiska teorier, dessa är flexibilitet på arbetsmarknaden, krav- och kontrollmodellen, ekonomi-skam och ekonomi-sociala band modellen samt psykologiska kontrakt. De slutsatser som dras är att en otrygg anställningsform leder till psykiska påfrestningar hos de anställda, som i stor utsträckning upplever stress och oro inför framtiden. Konsekvenserna grundas till stor del i en ostabil och oförutsägbar ekonomi. Av resultatet framgår även att de sociala relationerna med både chef och kollegor spelar stor roll för upplevelsen av den otrygga anställningsformen. Om arbetstagaren har en god relation med chef och kollegor upplever denne i större utsträckning anställningsformen och dess medföljande villkor som bättre. / The purpose of this essay is to gain further knowledge of how young adults with temporary and part time employment experience the consequences of their employment regarding health, life situation and everyday life. In this study temporary and part time employment is described as insecure employment because of their often unpredictable schedule and income. The study is built on five qualitative interviews with young adults between the age of 20–30 years old. They all have, or within the last six months have had, a part time or temporary employment as their main occupation. The result is analysed with the help of four sociological theories. These include flexibility on the labour market, the demand and control model, the economy-shame and economy- social bonds model and the theory of psychological contracts. The conclusions made are that an insecure employment leads to psychological tension. The individual tends to experience a lot of stress and worries for the future because of increased psychological tension. These are consequences that are based on an unpredictable and unstable personal economy. The result also shows that the experience of an insecure employment can depend on the individual's relationship with manager and co-workers. If the individual has a good relationship with manager and co-workers, it is more likely to experience the form of employment and its accompanying terms as better.

La thèse porte sur l’étude d’un dispositif d’accompagnement à la mobilité professionnelle au sein d’une ancienne administration d’État devenue société anonyme. Réalisée dans les centres financiers de la Banque Postale, l’enquête ethnographique combine entretiens et observations pour analyser conjointement la mobilité en cours de carrière comme l’agencement subjectif des séquences d’une vie, et la mobilité comme modalité de gestion du personnel d’une entreprise en transformation. Dans un contexte où l’individualisation des politiques de l’emploi se joint à celle des dispositifs de gestion des ressources humaines (Gazier, 2010), la thèse propose une analyse de la mobilité en contexte organisé, qui met en évidence le caractère normatif d’une injonction à la réalisation de soi par le travail. Elle met en avant le caractère multidimensionnel des transactions qui se jouent dans une épreuve de mobilité (sur le plan biographique, sur celui des usages – et détournements – des dispositifs de gestion, sur le rôle joué par les managers ou encore le cadre collectif négocié par les organisations syndicales). Ainsi, la thèse dissout les catégories dichotomiques utilisées pour décrire les parcours professionnels (mobilité subie ou choisie) en montrant que des mobilités dites subies peuvent être l’expression de véritables choix de carrière au service d’un projet de vie et que des mobilités dites choisies peuvent s’avérer foncièrement contraignantes. Au final, la thèse montre que le rapport entretenu par les individus avec leur carrière et l’usage qu’ils font de la mobilité comme outil au service de celle-ci, s’avère bien plus déterminant. / The focus of the thesis is the study of a support mechanism for employee mobility in a former state owned public administration that became a limited company. Carried out in the financial centres of La Banque Postale, the ethnographic inquiry combines qualitative interviews with workplace observations in order to analyse both career mobility as a subjective combination of life sequences, and professional mobility as a way of managing people in a firm in a state of transformation. In a context where both employment policies and human resources management systems tend towards individualized actions (Gazier, 2010), the thesis offers an analysis of professional mobility within an organized and structured context that highlights the normative nature of an injunction to self-realization through work. It emphasizes the multidimensional nature of bargainings involved in the course of mobility (on a biographical level, on the use - and misuse - of management tools, on the role played by managers or the collective framework negotiated by Trade Unions). Thus, the thesis dissolves the dichotomous categories used to describe professional careers (imposed or chosen mobility) by showing that so-called imposed mobility can be the expression of true career choices to serve a life project and that so-called chosen mobility may be fundamentally constraining. Finally, the thesis shows that the relationship maintained by individuals with their career and the use they make of professional mobility as a tool in order to achieve it, is far more decisive.

While linkages between some macroeconomic phenomena (e.g. unemployment, GDP growth) and suicide rates in some countries have been explored, only one study, hitherto, has established a causal relationship between fiscal consolidation and suicide, albeit in a single country. This study examines the impact of budget consolidation on suicide mortality across all Eurozone peripheral economies, while controlling for various economic and sociodemographic differences. The impact of fiscal adjustments is found to be gender, age and time specific. In particular, fiscal consolidation has short-, medium- and long-run suicide increasing effects on the male population between 65 and 89 years of age. A one percentage point reduction in government spending is associated with an 1.39%, 2.35% and 2.64% increase in the short-, medium- and long-run, respectively, of male suicides rates between 65 and 89 years of age in the Eurozone periphery. These results are highly robust to alternative measures of fiscal consolidation. Unemployment benefits and substantial employment protection legislation seem to mitigate some of the negative effects of fiscal consolidation on suicide mortality. Plausible explanations for these impacts are provided and policy implications drawn. (authors' abstract) / Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

This thesis deals with the efficiency of the measures, which are implemented within the projects supported by the European Social Fund and are aimed at the endangered groups of parents (mostly women) on the labour market. The theoretical part introduces the concept of labour market segmentation, theory of human and social capital and finally outlines labour market policies within the framework of the EU and the Czech Republic. Empirical research uses techniques of interviews and a questionnaire in order to evaluate the implementation of the measures and targeting of the funds towards the needs of this specific group of women which is under a long term threat on the labour market. The contribution of this thesis is primarily in a detailed study on the efficiency of the system of subsidies in one part of the support from the ESF from the perspective of non-profit organizations. Key words: Labour market, European Social Fund, evaluation, non-profit organizations, Prague

This thesis focuses on deaf people’s educational attainment, position on the labour market and sources of revenue. These issues are interrelated, for instance a higher level of educational attainment seems to be associated with a lower unemployment rate and higher levels of income. The national context is Sweden and the Swedish welfare state in 2005. All studies in the thesis compare a deaf population, consisting of 2,144 persons born between 1941 and 1980 who have attended a school for the deaf in Sweden, with a general reference population, consisting of 100,000 randomly chosen persons from the total Swedish population born between 1941 and 1980. Data for all studies consisted of registered information about the persons in the year 2005. The results show that there are differences between the deaf and the reference population regarding level of educational attainment, position on the labour market and sources of revenue and disposable income, with the deaf population having a poorer position than the reference population in all areas. There are also differences between the workplaces of the deaf and the people in the reference population, and it is twice as common for people in the deaf population than for people in the reference population to have a higher level of educational attainment than is required for their occupation. These differences between the deaf and the reference population cannot be associated with differences in the independent factors, as for instance sex, age and immigration background, for which the results have been adjusted. This thesis shows that being part of the deaf population appears to be of importance. Factors in conjunction with deafness that can increase our understanding of the differences between the deaf and the reference populations in an educational context, labour market context and economic context are discussed in the thesis.

This paper contributes to the field of research on entrepreneurship and self-employment. More explicitly, it contributes to the research regarding heterogeneity by studying the ‘necessity’ self-employed. In this paper, we question the notion of ‘necessity’ and its connection to weak labour market attainment by measuring individual’s human capital in relation to local labour market structures. The used data derives from relevant labour market data combined with data from a postal survey study conducted in 2011, containing self-employed between the age 25–64. The results show no connection between labour market attainment and ‘necessity’ self-employment. The results however indicate a correlation between sociodemographic-aspects and ‘necessity’ self-employment.

In recent decades, research from across the social sciences has demonstrated a strong, consistent and causal link between unemployment and a wide range of negative outcomes. These outcomes go beyond economic problems, incorporating issues such as low well-being, poor health and weak social capital. During the same time, successive UK governments have expanded the use of active labour market programmes (ALMPs): a wide range of interventions that aim to move unemployed people closer to the labour market. ALMPs have been widely evaluated since becoming a central part of UK social policy, yet the majority of studies focus almost exclusively on economic outcomes, such as re-employment and wage levels. This is despite the weight of evidence suggesting unemployment is as much a social problem as an economic one. This discrepancy has led to a small but growing body of research suggesting that ALMPs might play a role in modifying some of the health and social costs of unemployment: beyond simply moving people closer to the labour market. Using a mixed methods research design, this study examines whether ALMPs achieve this by considering four key questions. First, are ALMPs associated with higher well-being, health and social capital compared to the alternative of 'open unemployment'? Second, if there is an association, how robust is this and is there any evidence of a causal function? Third, does the context of an ALMP - such as the specific type of scheme and the kind of participant - matter for understanding outcomes? And fourthly, how and why do people's experiences of unemployment and ALMPs shape their health and well-being? The findings presented in this thesis offer five original contributions to the study of the health and social effects of ALMPs. First, there is a dichotomy in the effects of ALMPs: participants have higher well-being than the openly unemployed but similar health and social capital levels. Second, ALMPs are most effective in changing how participants feel about and evaluate their lives but are largely unsuccessful in mitigating negative emotions like anxiety. These two findings are evident in both cross-sectional and longitudinal data, suggesting the possibility of a causal function of ALMPs. Together, the findings suggest that the positive well-being effects of ALMPs are not necessarily linked to improved health or social capital but because participants begin to think about their lives in a different, more positive way. Third, well-being gains are experienced by both short-term and long-term unemployed people but disappear upon re-employment. This finding has an important implication for policy, with ALMPs seemingly effective as a short-term protective well-being measure. Fourth, this is the first UK study to explore whether ALMPs work more effectively for different types of unemployed people. The findings presented in Chapter Seven show that work-oriented ALMPs are more successful than employment-assistance programmes, whilst men, younger people, those with fewer qualifications, lower occupational status and lower pre-programme well-being experience the largest benefits of participation. Fifth, the qualitative analysis presented in Chapter Eight argues that ALMPs worked best when schemes reversed the perceived ‘losses’ associated with unemployment. Three processes of loss were identified - agency loss, functional loss and status loss – which, it is contended, help explain both the observed effects of ALMPs and the broader experience of unemployment. The thesis concludes with policy suggestions for improving the capacity of ALMPs to mediate the experience of unemployment.