Understanding and working with Microsoft Windows registry is an important ability from the perspective of security. This ability is used by malicious software as well as by software, which repaires the damage caused by activity of malicious software. However, applications accessing and working with the registry are platform dependent, which may not always be convenient and it can lead to other problems if the platform is not secure. Therefore, the aim of this work is to create a platform independent application for accessing and working with registry, which makes possible to analyse the effect of malware on registry.

In wissenschaftsgeschichtlicher Hinsicht ist die Zeit um 1800 durch eine grundlegende Modifikation der fachbezogenen Diskurse ausgewiesen. Dies gilt auch für die Auseinandersetzung mit Architektur, die zu dieser Zeit von einer Ablösung von älteren Wissenschaftsmodellen und von einem erheblichen Wissenszuwachs geprägt war. Die ersten Jahrzehnte des 19. Jahrhunderts erscheinen als Zeitraum des Umbruchs für eine Einschätzung der Diskurskultur um so gewichtiger, als auch Lehrkonzeptionen der Architektenausbildung entwickelt wurden, Zeitschriften neuartige Formen der Kommunikation und Entwicklungen im Buchdruck eine Vielzahl von Publikationen ermöglichten. Als exemplarische Untersuchung behandelt die vorliegende Arbeit Kenntnisse und Methoden im Architekturdiskurs des frühen 19. Jahrhunderts am Beispiel des Architekten Karl Friedrich Schinkel. Das Lehrkonzept der später als Bauakademie bezeichneten Ausbildungsinstitution in Berlin und die Publikationen ihrer Lehrenden werden dabei als eine mögliche Form der Zusammenstellung und Aufbereitung von Wissen untersucht. Sie erlauben zugleich, die um 1800 für die Architektenausbildung als maßgeblich angesehenen Publikationen über Architektur zu erschließen. Bis in Einzelheiten lassen sich am Werk Karl Friedrich Schinkels die Folgen dieser Lehre nachvollziehen; Ordnungssysteme und Visualisierungsverfahren erweisen sich dabei als besonders relevant. Die Diskurse wurden aufgrund der Ausprägung der historisch-kritischen Architekturgeschichtsschreibung seit dem mittleren 19. Jahrhundert überlagert. Nach einer Einleitung zu Begriffen, Methoden und Konventionen im Architekturdiskurs des frühen 19. Jahrhunderts gehen die beiden Hauptkapitel der Arbeit darum von Publikationen in Berlin tätiger Kunsthistoriker des mittleren 19. Jahrhunderts aus, die die Architekturgeschichtsschreibung und die Rezeption des Werkes Schinkels geprägt haben. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden die zuvor maßgeblichen Diskurse exemplarisch erläutert. / In a historical scientific context, the period around 1800 is distinguished by a fundamental change in scientific discourses. This also applies to the controversies within architecture, which at this time were marked by a detachment from the the older scientific models and by a significant growth in scientific knowledge. The first decades of the 19th century seem that much more important as a period of upheaval for an assessment of the culture of discourse, because at the same time teaching concepts for architectural training were being developed, periodicals were enabling new forms of communication and developments in book printing were facilitating a multiplicity of publications. As a generic investigation, the present work deals with the knowledge and methods in the architectural discourse of the early 19th century using as an example the architect Karl Friedrich Schinkel. The teaching concept of the training institute in Berlin, which was later called Berlin Building Academy (Bauakademie), and the publication of its lecturers, are examined as a possible embodiment of the compilation and assembly of scientific knowledge. They can also be used to find out, which publications about architecture were regarded as the definitive works around 1800 for architectural training. The consequences of this teaching can be traced in detail from the work of Karl Friedrich Schinkel; classification systems and visualisation processes prove to be particularly relevant in this regard. The discourses were overlaid with the characteristics of architectural historiography since the mid 19th century. After an introduction to the concepts, methods and conventions in architectural discourse in the early 19th century, the two main chapters of the work are based on publications of in Berlin active art historians of the mid 19th century, who defined architectural historiography and the perception of the work of Schinkel. The definitive discourses are exemplified against this background.

Das so genannte „Lange 19. Jahrhundert“ ist von ungewöhnlich häufigen, starken Umwertungen von epistemischen und politischen Begriffen gekennzeichnet. Beispielhaft für die Berührung von Wissenschafts- und Ideengeschichte ist der Begriff des „Konkreten“, dessen unterschiedliche Interpretation von Hegel über Marx, Kierkegaard und Cassirer die Gegensätze des 19. Jahrhunderts exemplarisch greifbar werden lässt. Bilder haben an dieser Wissenschafts- und Ideengeschichte des Konkreten einen substantiellen Anteil gehabt. Die vorliegende Studie geht dieser Bild- und Begriffsgeschichte des Konkreten im 19. Jahrhunderts anhand von Fallbeispielen der wissenschaftlichen Zeichnung nach. / Typical for the so called „long Nineteenth Century“ is an dynamic change of epistemic and political ideas. The notion “concrete” represents this change as a development in the history of science and the history of political thought, for instance in the work of great philosophers like Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Karl Marx, Sören Kierkegaard or Ernst Cassirer. Pictures took part on this change in the history of the concrete. The study discuss the iconology and ivarious definitions of the concrete in the Nineteenth Century in connection with the scientific drawing.

This thesis contains the results of optical flame emission measurements of the Vulcain 2.1engine and the plasma emission spectroscopy of the Lumen Project engine. The plume spectroscopyis analyzed, ordered and studied in detail to offer the best possible molecular composition.The main focus relied on the hydroxide radical, blue radiation and other moleculesanalysis of the intensities encountered during the tests. The plasma emission spectroscopy isfocused on the determination of the plasma temperature value in LIBS measurements. Thehydrogen plasma temperature determination of the local thermodynamic equilibrium, followedby the carbon and sequentially oxygen plasma is obtained. The quality of the LTE isto be determined to judge the truthworthness of the determined temperatures. Both the testsare analyzed thanks to the use of spectrographs, cameras and dedicated software for opticalapplications. The results related to the Vulcain 2.1 LOX/LH2 engine showed the evolutionof the plume in different ROF or pressure variations. Furthermore, the results of the LumenProject LOX/methane engine led to the determination of the plasma temperatures and a firstestimation of the LTE quality. / Die vorliegende Arbeit präsentiert die Ergebnisse der Abgasstrahlspektroskopie des H2/LOXVulcain 2.1 Triebwerks und der Zündplasma Spektroskopie des CH4/LOX Triebwerks desLUMEN Projektes. Die Abgasstrahlspektroskopie wurde analysiert und im Detail untersuchtum die am besten passende molekulare Zusammensetzung herauszuarbeiten. DasHauptaugenmerk liegt dabei auf dem Hydroxyl- Radikal, der Blauen Strahlung und molekularerIntensitätsanalyse. Bei der Zündplasmaanalyse liegt der Fokus auf der Bestimmungdes LTE Zustands (Lokales thermodynamisches Gleichgewicht) in LIBS. Die Temperaturdes Wasserstoff-, Kohlenstoff und Sauerstoffplasmas wird herangezogen, um die Qualitätdes LTE Zustands zu beurteilen. Für die Testdurchführung wurden Spektrographen, Kamerasund bestimmte Auswertungstools für optische Anwendungen benutzt. Das Verhaltendes Vulcain 2.1 Abgasstrahls abhängig von verschiedenen ROF und Druckstufen ist in denErgebnissen beschrieben. Für das LUMEN Triebwerk konnten erste Zündplasmatemperaturenbestimmt werden und geben einen Rückschluss auf die Qualität des LTE.

Treatment success in IVF-ICSI is mainly limited by female age, but differences in ovarian reserve (OR; the remaining pool of oocytes and their quality) between individuals modify treatment prerequisites among women of similar age. OR may be assessed by OR tests (ORTs). The main aims of this work were to study menstrual cycle length (MCL), basal levels of circulating gonadotrophins, antral follicle count (AFC) and serum Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and their associations with and prognostic capacities regarding IVF-ICSI outcome in large cohorts of unselected women. Age-adjusted MCL was positively and linearly associated with pregnancy rates (PRs), live-birth rates (LBRs) and ovarian response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. An MCL of >34 days almost doubled the LBR compared with an MCL of <26 days. The grouped variable ‘combined FSH and LH levels’ was superior to both individual gonadotrophin levels and the LH:FSH ratio. The highest mean PR was seen in connection with a combination of FSH <6.7 U/l with LH >4.9 U/l; PRs were lowest when FSH-LH levels were opposite to this (high-low) and intermediate when FSH-LH levels were low-low or high-high. Associations with LBR and ovarian response were similar as those for PR. AFCs and serum AMH levels were positively and log-linearly associated with PR, LBR and ovarian response. Success rates levelled out above AFC 30 or AMH 5 ng/ml. Treatment outcome was superior among women with polycystic ovaries. Among the studied ORTs, logAFC and logAMH concentration correlated most strongly. After multivariate testing, entering all studied ORTs, AMH and female age remained independently associated with LBR. AMH + AFC + age predicted both poor and excessive ovarian responses with high accuracy. Adjusting for age and oocyte yield, all ORTs remained significant for LBR, implying that ORTs also capture information on oocyte quality. In conclusion, measures of OR are strongly associated with PR, LBR and ovarian response in a log-linear fashion, and partly reflect oocyte quality. The OR spectrum is continuous, from small ‘oligofollicular’ ovaries (the low extreme) to polycystic ovaries (the high extreme). Among the studied ORTs, AMH together with age provide the most powerful basal estimate for IVF/ICSI outcome.

Cette recherche vise à étudier l'efficacité des cours d'espagnol comme langue étrangère, à partir de la perception des étudiants d’espagnol comme langue d’origine. Pour atteindre les résultats et les conclusions obtenus, cette étude qualitative compte sur la participation des répondants hispaniques qui ont appris l'espagnol à la maison, à l'école primaire, au secondaire, au cégep et/ou au collège. Les participants ont répondu à un questionnaire qui leur a permis d'exprimer leur perception à l'égard des cours d’espagnol comme langue étrangère qu'ils ont pris au cours de leur étude primaire, secondaire ou supérieure. Les résultats de cette recherche indiquent que les élèves hispaniques ne sont pas intégrés dans les classes ELE, ce qui motive les participants à poursuivre l’étude de la langue espagnole. Comme expliqué par Gardner (1985) dans sa théorie du modèle socio-éducationnel, l’acquisition des langages intervient dans un contexte culturel spécifique et elle est influencée par la croyance populaire et les différences individuelles. Ces dernières sont intégrées dans le concept du motif d'intégration, qui est composé du sens de l'intégration, de l'attitude envers la situation d'apprentissage et de la motivation. Les réponses données par les participants dans cette étude peuvent être utiles à la conception et au développement de cours et de méthodes d’apprentissage de l’espagnol pour les hispanophones d’origine. En tenant compte de leurs points de vue, les étudiantes auraient un sens plus élevé de l’intégration, ce qui influence directement leur motivation et par le fait même leur processus d’apprentissage. / The purpose of this research is to study the efficiency of Spanish courses from a Heritage Learner’s perspective. This qualitative study examines Hispanics who have learned Spanish at home, in elementary school, in high school, in CEGEP and/or in university. The participants answered a questionnaire that allowed them to express their perception of the Spanish courses that they had taken in their past. The results of this research indicate that L1/L2 users are not integrated in the Spanish classes. Participants demonstrate a reduced sense of motivation for the continuation of these types of courses. Gardner (1985) explains in his socio-educational model theory that language acquisition occurs in a specific cultural context and is influenced by cultural beliefs and individual differences. The latter are integrated in the concept of integrative motive, which is composed of the integrativeness, the attitude toward the learning situation and motivation. The answers given by the participants of this study may be of great help in the design and development of Spanish courses and books for L1/L2 users. By considering their views, students would have a higher sense of integration; an important factor that motivates students to pursue the study of Spanish. / Esta investigación tiene como objetivo final estudiar la eficacia de los cursos de ELE desde la percepción de los usuarios de L1/L2, o aprendices de herencia. Para llegar a los resultados y las conclusiones obtenidos, se realizó un estudio cualitativo que contó con la participación de informantes de origen hispano que han aprendido el español en casa, en la escuela primaria, en la secundaria, en el Cégep y/o en la universidad. Los participantes contestaron un cuestionario que les permitió expresar su percepción con respecto a los cursos de ELE, cursos que habían tomado durante sus estudios primarios, secundarios o superiores. Los resultados de esta investigación demuestran que los estudiantes de L1/L2 no se encuentran integrados en las clases de ELE, hecho que desmotiva a los informantes para continuar en el estudio de la lengua española. Tal y como explica Gardner (1985) en su teoría del Modelo socioeducacional, la adquisición de lenguas ocurre en un contexto cultural determinado, y está influenciada por la creencia popular y por las diferencias individuales. Estas se encuentran integradas en el concepto de motivo integrador, que está compuesto por el sentido de integración, la actitud hacia la situación de aprendizaje y la motivación. Las respuestas dadas por los informantes pueden servir de ayuda para el diseño y la creación de cursos y métodos de español destinados a usuarios de L1/L2. Al tomar en cuenta sus opiniones, los estudiantes tendrían un sentido de integración más alto, hecho que influye directamente en la motivación de los mismos y, por tanto, en su proceso de aprendizaje.

There is increasing interest in the use of adjuvant hormonal therapies, which are given after the resection or destruction of all gross disease, in early-stage prostate cancer, as a significant proportion of patients experience progression and/or die from the disease despite undergoing therapy with curative intent. Several retrospective studies suggest that adjuvant hormonal therapy may improve long-term outcome after radical surgery in men with positive lymph nodes, although this approach has yet to be studied in a prospective setting. No studies of adjuvant therapy for patients with extracapsular extension at surgery have been completed, but in an interim analysis of an open controlled trial, adjuvant flutamide significantly improved progression-free survival at 4 years. Three prospective studies in the radiotherapy setting have shown that adjuvant luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonist therapy significantly improves progression-free and/or overall survival. Future studies need to define patient subgroups who will benefit most from adjuvant therapy. The side effects of the different therapeutic options also need to be compared. It is hoped that many of the outstanding questions concerning adjuvant hormonal therapy will be answered by the ongoing Bicalutamide Early Prostate Cancer Programme. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

The main aim of this study to investigate the effectiveness of conceptual change texts oriented instruction accompanied with analogies over traditionally designed chemistry instruction on overcoming 10th grade students&amp / #8217 / misconceptions, their understanding of rate of reaction concepts and attitude towards chemistry as a school subject. 56 tenth grade students from two classes of a chemistry course taught by the same teacher in the ATAT&Uuml / RK Anatolian High school, participated in the study. This study was carried out in 2003-2004 spring semester. There were two groups in the study. Experimental group was instructed with conceptual change texts oriented instruction accompanied with analogies and the control group was instructed by traditionally designed chemistry instruction over a period of four weeks. To investigate the effect of treatment, Rate of Reaction Concepts Test and Attitude Scale Toward Chemistry as a school subject were administered to all students in both groups at the beginning and end of the treatment. To evaluate students&amp / #8217 / science process skills, Science Process Skills Test was administered before treatment. To test the hypothesis of the study ANOVA and ANCOVA were used. The result of the study showed that students in conceptual change texts oriented instruction accompanied with analogies got higher average scores in Rate of Reaction Concepts Test than traditionally designed chemistry instruction. Also, students in experimental group indicated a higher positive attitude toward chemistry as a school subject. In addition, science process skill was a strong predictor for the achievement related to rate of reaction concepts. Results and strategies that were developed for this study may be used by teachers to reduce and eliminate students&amp / #8217 / misconceptions about the rate of reaction concepts.

Au cours de la dernière phase d’accrétion, les planètes terrestres ont connu des impacts géants violents et très énergétiques. A la suite du chauffage causé par les impacts, la Terre primitive était partiellement ou totalement fondue, et un océan magmatique a été formé dans la couche externe de la Terre. Le refroidissement successif de l’océan magmatique a causé la cristallisation fractionnée du manteau primitif. Cependant, il reste beaucoup d’incertitudes à propos de l’accrétion de la Terre primitive, comme la profondeur et la durée de vie d’un (ou plusieurs) océan(s) magmatique(s), l’effet de la recristallisation du manteau sur la ségrégation chimique entre les différents réservoirs de la Terre et ainsi de suite. La connaissance des propriétés de fusion du manteau profond est important aussi pour examiner la possibilité d’une fusion partielle actuellement. L’objectif était d’aborder quelques problèmes concernant le manteau inférieur terrestre : Quelle est la séquence de fusion entre les phases dominantes dans le manteau inférieur ? Est-ce qu’on peut expliquer la zone à ultra-basse vélocité (ULVZ) avec la fusion partielle d’un manteau pyrolytique (ou chondritique) ? Quel est le partage du fer entre les phases silicatées liquides et solides dans le manteau profond ? Est-ce qu’on peut donner des informations nouvelles sur les propriétés d’un océan magmatique profond à partir des courbes de fusion du manteau primitif ? Dans cette étude les courbes de fusion et les relations de fusion ont été analysées en utilisant la cellule à enclume de diamant chauffé au laser (LH-DAC) pour des pressions entre 25 et 135 GPa et des températures jusqu’à plus que 4000 K, i.e. pour des conditions de P-T qui correspondent au manteau inférieur terrestre entier. Les compositions utilisées ont été le raccord entre MgO et MgSiO3 et une composition de type chondritique pour le manteau terrestre. J’ai utilisé deux techniques in-situ de radiation-synchrotron pour déduire les propriétés de fusion à hautes pressions ; la diffractométrie au rayons-X et la fluorescence au rayons-X. Les nouveaux résultats obtenus dans cette étude sont : (...) / During the final stage of accretion, terrestrial planets experienced violent and highly energetic giant impacts. As a consequence of impact heating, the early Earth was partially or wholly molten, forming a magma ocean in the outer layer of Earth. Subsequent cooling of the magma ocean has led to fractional crystallization of the primitive mantle. Many unknowns remain about accretion of the early Earth, such as extension depth and life time of the magma ocean(s), role of mantle recrystallization on the chemical segregation between the different Earth reservoirs, and so on. The knowledge of melting properties of the deep mantle is also important to investigate the possibility of partial melting at the present time. The aim of this study was to tackle a few major questions concerning the Earth lower mantle : What is the melting sequence between the main lower mantle phases ? Can we explain the ultra-low-velocity zones (ULVZ) by partial melting of pyrolitic (or chondritic) mantle ? How does iron partition between liquid and solid silicate phases in the deep mantle ? Can we provide new information on the properties of the deep magma ocean based on the melting curve of the primitive mantle ? Melting curves and melting relations have been investigated using the laser-heated diamond anvil cell (LH-DAC) for pressure between 25 and 135 GPa and temperature up more than 4000 K, i.e. at P-T conditions corresponding to the entire Earth’s lower mantle. Compositions investigated were the join between MgO and MgSiO3 and a model chondritic-composition for the Earth mantle. Two different in situ synchrotron radiation techniques have been used to infer melting properties at high pressures ; X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The new results obtained in this study include : (...)

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