Industries became a permanent addition to cities in the 18th century, transforming the natural landscape and influencing the people directly dependant on it, this enforces to the consumer culture we experience every day. This industrial development all over the world has disregarded apparent and non-apparent relationships that humans have within nature, resulting in the connection between humans and nature to become estranged, leaving humankind searching for identity and purpose. This study investigates the connection between humans and nature through adapting the post-industrial landscape, to ultimately establish an identity of place for human well-being. The study proposes that apparent and non-apparent relationships between humans and nature can be introduced in the post-industrial landscape through the concepts of ecosystem services and commemorative design. By commemorating the natural landscape, memories and experiences will create an appreciation for the natural landscape, strengthening the connection between humans and nature. Different ecosystem services are generated by the design to establish ecological and human well-being. The sketch plan design intervention proposes that, these apparent and non-apparent relationships between humans and nature are revealed and celebrated. The non-apparent relationships are transformed into apparent design features within the landscape to make visitors aware of their unity with nature and the services it provides them with. The design proposal creates opportunities for interaction, education and appreciation by means of food gardens, utility gardens, biodiversity gardens and experiments of spontaneous succession. The purpose of these interventions is to restore the post-industrial landscape while creating a strong cultural connection to heritage within industries and nature to reconnect humankind with their own identity as part of nature. / Dissertation (ML(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2014. / Architecture / ML(Prof) / Unrestricted

This thesis discusses key conflicts in the Oostvaardersplassen. These conflicts include the contestation of the Oostvaardersplassen as wilderness, the debate on grazer mortality, and the debate on culling. Through Actor Network Theory, the actors involved in the Oostvaardersplassen are discussed. A number of documents are selected for the different actors to do a qualitative analysis of communication on the Oostvaardersplassen. The Oostvaardersplassen is a unique area, claimed from the sea and fully manmade, with a management philosophy with aspects from rewilding theories. Recurring themes in the actor documents are studied, such as the definitions of the terms ‘nature’ ‘wilderness’ and the use of interventions. In addition, the documents are analysed on their use of rhetoric tools and the way they discuss the general public in the Oostvaardersplassen debates. The nature of the Oostvaardersplassen as an experiment, the strong presence of emotions in the debates and the unclear definition of goals and purposes lead to a more fractured stage for the actors and the debate. While the Oostvaardersplassen is successful as an area for experimentation, learning, and as a nature reserve in the midst of the Netherlands, these concluding issues are an important consideration in making the Oostvaardersplassen’s debate less volatile.

The idea of “wilderness,” of nature itself, is being interrogated in history, philosophy, and English departments throughout the academy; books on our place in the natural world have prominent spaces on shelves in bookstores; newspapers feature editorials on climate change and nature preservation. More attention than ever is being paid to environmental philosophers and nature writers as the ongoing climate crisis slowly but steadily worsens. All the while, however, some important thinkers on these subjects of nature and wilderness are utterly forgotten. My thesis focuses on the work of one of these neglected thinkers, the poet and essayist John Haines (1924-2011). Haines’s name is not mentioned often, if ever, in discussions of prominent American nature writers, and I aim to demonstrate why that is an unfortunate exclusion. Guided by his decades as a subsistence hunter and fur-trapper in the Alaskan bush, John Haines offers a perspective on the world outside of us that deserves consideration. I compare and contrast his ideas with those of other nature writers and poets, as well as environmental philosophers and theorists, and argue that he offers a unique and transformative vision of our relationship to the natural world and the non-human animals that live all around us.<br>

My thesis project zooms in on Masmo to the southwest of Stockholm. Specifically a subway exit, built on Masmo Mountain during the 1960s, but never finished. The site features a very unique location on the border between the quite urban Million Programme era architecture of central Masmo, and the completely untouched forest in the nature reserve right next to it, Gömmaren. For 60 years, the Masmo Mountain has been discussed in Huddinge municipality as a potential site for future construction, yet nothing has ever been constructed. I think this might be because of the challenges the location poses regarding how to merge an urban site with one that is completely undeveloped. These topics are examples of what this thesis project seeks to explore: What qualities are there that are worthy of preserving when dealing with architecture in precious environments? Is it possible to improve certain qualities of a natural site that are neglected in its current state, such as accessibility, or do all additions aggravate the essence of nature and make the site less exquisite? What sacrifices are necessary to make in order to provide high quality environments for the inhabitants, and do they conflict with the interests of visitors, or could they possibly coincide?

Nature-based tourism is one of the most preferred types of tourism by tourists in recent years. This type of tourism also has a special effect on people's decisions. This paper analyzes the role of nature-based tourism in people's decisions and tourist preferences, as well as how companies meet these requirements. Taking into account the growing tourism potential in the Caucasus region, Azerbaijan has been selected as the main study area. In this paper, the qualitative method was applied as the main research design, and the data collection was obtained based on interviews. This study reveals the expectations of tourists from companies and the factors that influence their decisions. It also analyzes how companies meet the needs of tourists and the relationship between them.

There is a strong conservation need to understand traits of native species that adapt to urban environments, but results have been equivocal. Wetland birds have shown a strong phylogenetic signal towards urban tolerance; however, these species have largely been ignored in urban studies. I used Wood Storks (Mycteria americana) to determine how a wetland species of conservation concern responded to human-induced landscape change in South Florida. Specifically, my study investigated 1) resource selection of storks in roadway corridors, 2) factors influencing stork prey biomass in roadside created wetlands, 3) dietary flexibility of storks in response to human-induced landscape change, and 4) the impact of urban food subsidies on natural food limitations and stork productivity. I found that storks preferred canals and roadway corridors within the urban landscape. At a finer scale, storks selected for more natural wetland vegetation even within the urban landscape cover type. These results suggest that roadway corridors even within a highly urbanized area may provide adequate foraging habitat for storks. Factors influencing stork prey biomass in roadside created wetlands varied depending on created wetland type. I found that landscape-level vegetation and the physical properties of a created wetland were more influential in permanently inundated created wetlands whereas local-scale vegetation and hydrologic conditions were most influential in ephemeral created wetlands. Storks also selected prey that were more similar to the larger-bodied fishes in created wetlands than the smaller fishes in natural wetlands. Urban nesting storks selected prey that were more characteristic of created wetlands whereas storks nesting in natural wetlands selected prey that was more characteristic of prey found in natural wetlands. These results suggested that storks may have behavioral plasticity in foraging habitat and prey selection to adapt to some degree of human-induced rapid environmental change. Additionally, storks nesting in both urban and natural wetlands had narrow diet breadths and high productivity during optimal natural wetland conditions; however, during suboptimal natural conditions, urban stork diet expanded to include anthropogenic items, leading to increased productivity. Overall, this research provides a mechanistic understanding of how a wetland species persists, and even thrives, in an urban environment. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2020. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Suite à la création d’un certificat en 1803, l’herboristerie s’est développée comme un métier urbain, exercé essentiellement par des femmes. Peu encadrées par la loi, leurs activités tenaient autant à l’identification du mal qu’à la vente de remèdes. A la fin du siècle, la multiplication des propositions de loi visant à supprimer les herboristes, initiées en particulier par l’Association Générale des Pharmaciens de France, les amena à s’organiser en syndicats. Cherchant à transformer l’herboristerie en « profession » à part entière, ils revendiquèrent le caractère « scientifique » de leur savoir, notamment via la création d’une école syndicale, et cherchèrent à redéfinir les limites de leur métier par rapport à celui des pharmaciens. Jusqu’en 1941, où un décret-loi supprima le certificat d’herboriste. Depuis les années 1970, on observe un renouveau d’intérêt pour l’herboristerie, qui s’accompagne de profonds changements dans les pratiques des herboristes d’aujourd’hui. L’herboristerie apparaît, de nos jours, comme un moyen de prendre en main sa santé, de donner un nouveau sens à la maladie, et de rétablir un lien avec la « Nature ». A la croisée de l’ethnologie, de l’anthropologie historique et de la sociologie des professions, cette thèse est consacrée aux herboristes de 1803 à aujourd’hui, et rend compte des profonds bouleversements qui ont marqué les pratiques autant que les représentations autour de l’herboristerie, en lien avec l’évolution des questions de santé publique en France. / Following the creation of an herbalist certificate in France in 1803, that craft, mainly practiced by women, evolved as a urban occupation. At first, the legal framework regarding their activities was basically ineffectual. They were in charge both to identify the disease and to find a cure for it. At the end of the nineteenth century, the proliferation of bills aiming to take down herbalists, mainly initiated by the Association Générale des Pharmaciens de France, led them to gather into unions. They set the goal to transform the herbalist craft into an occupation in its own right: they claimed the scientific characteristic of their knowledge, created a botanical school, and presented themselves as a distinct profession from the pharmacists. It worked until 1941, when a decree abolished the herbalist certificate, during the Second World War. Since the 1970’s, herbalism has known a renewed success, along with deep changes in its practice. Nowadays, herbalism appears as a way to take control of our own health, to find a new meaning to the disease, and to establish a new relationship with Nature. Involving ethnology, historical anthropology and sociology of work, this thesis is dedicated to herbalists, from 1803 until today, and summarize the deep disruptions which marked its practices, along with the representations associated with herbalism, which can be connected to the evolution of the context of public health in France.

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My thesis project zooms in on Masmo to the southwest of Stockholm. Specifically a subway exit, built on Masmo Mountain during the 1960s, but never finished. The site features a very unique location on the border between the quite urban Million Programme era architecture of central Masmo, and the completely untouched forest in the nature reserve right next to it, Gömmaren. For 60 years, the Masmo Mountain has been discussed in Huddinge municipality as a potential site for future construction, yet nothing has ever been constructed. I think this might be because of the challenges the location poses regarding how to merge an urban site with one that is completely undeveloped. These topics are examples of what this thesis project seeks to explore: What qualities are there that are worthy of preserving when dealing with architecture in precious environments? Is it possible to improve certain qualities of a natural site that are neglected in its current state, such as accessibility, or do all additions aggravate the essence of nature and make the site less exquisite? What sacrifices are necessary to make in order to provide high quality environments for the inhabitants, and do they conflict with the interests of visitors, or could they possibly coincide?

Modern society is faced with an increasing level of environmental degradation. One effect of this is the loss of possibilities for children to interact with natural environments. Children’s interactions with nature come with a wide range of benefits, both physical and psychological, accentuating the need to develop outdoor spaces for children in areas of preserved nature. One way to approach this challenge is by developing recreational and educational nature trails aimed at children. Länsstyrelsen Gotland (the county administrative board) requested a theoretical suggestion for a children’s nature trail in a prospective nature reserve in Gotland and this study was done to bring forth such a suggestion. The study focused on what educational and recreational elements would be suitable to include in a nature trail for children and how to build ecological knowledge among its visitors in effective and creative ways. The material for this study was collected through semi-structured interviews with children’s caregivers and educators in combination with observations at existing nature trails for children using a geosemiotic approach. The results were analysed through a thematic analysis that extracted four main themes from the two sets of data with sub-themes to broaden the results. The themes and sub-themes were used to highlight elements suitable to include at the stations in terms of activities and layout of the trail, and how to get and keep children’s attention along the trail. A suggestion for a nature trail for children with eight stations was put together, steeped in the non-consumptive standards of ecotourism and with a clear focus on getting the visitors to learn about nature, especially through the framework of ecological literacy. Fun and play were seen as essential components to effectively build ecological knowledge and it is argued that perhaps the objects and activities provided at built-up ecotourism sites are necessary to get more people to visit nature in the first place.