Syftet med studien är att undersöka chefers uppfattningar om organisatoriskt lärande. Detta görs genom en kvalitativ semistrukturerad intervjustudie, där urvalet består av sju chefer från tre organisationer från två olika branscher. Resultatet visar att chefer anser att organisatoriskt lärande hör ihop med kunskapsspridning och lärande i vardagen. Resultatet visar också att de anser att de kan skapa förutsättningar för organisatoriskt lärande, eftersom deras roll innebär ett mandat att bestämma vad som ska läras och vilka arbetssätt och rutiner som införlivas i organisationen. Chefer menade att de skapar förutsättningar genom att ge medarbetare inflytande, genom att skapa strukturer för lärande och genom att skapa ett klimat som uppmuntrar lärande. De identifierar främst tid och ekonomiska aspekter som hinder för organisatoriskt lärande, men också faktorer som berör organisationsstrukturer och medarbetarens egen motivation. / The purpose of the study is to examine managers' own perceptions of organisational learning. This is done through a qualitative semi-structured interview study, where the sample consists of seven managers from three organisations in two different industries. The results show that managers believe that organisational learning is associated with knowledge dissemination and learning in everyday activities. It also shows that they believe they can create conditions for organisational learning, as their role involves the mandate to determine what should be learned and which work methods and routines should be incorporated into the organisation. Managers stated that they create conditions by giving employees influence, by creating structures for learning, and by fostering a climate that encourages learning. They primarily identify time and financial aspects as barriers to organisational learning, but also factors related to organisational structures and employees' own motivation.

Over the past years, research on the basis of intangible resources and capability has been suggested for the development of corporate competitive advantage. Through the process of learning, the organization can create knowledge and shortage intangible intellectual capital. This study is empirical research carried out on the industrial circles using questionnaires to clean out scholars¡¦ definition on intellectual capital and organizational learning capability. From this study, I try to find out the relationship among organizational learning capability, shortage intellectual capital, and organizational performance, also the interactive effect between organizational learning capability and strategy management of intellectual capital towards company¡¦ performance. The results of the research indicate: I. The factors of organizational learning capability 1. The executives¡¦ direction ability of learning and amelioration 2. Team-leadership competitiveness II. The factors of intellectual capital 1. The factors of human capital are: the knowledge innovation directed by executives, employees¡¦ professional capability. 2. The factors of structural capital are: cross department¡¦ management and storage knowledge, inner process responds to market demand, and cross department¡¦ knowledge group. 3. The factors of relational capital are: flexible business strategy of customer ecosystem¡¦ orientation, the management of service and brand value, and the management of customer orientation. III. Organizational learning capability and intellectual capital¡¦ storage have effects on organizational performance. 1. Through the intellectual capital intermediary effect, the executive¡¦ direction ability of learning and amelioration and the competitiveness from the team¡¦ directed have significant influence on business operational performance. IV. The interaction between organizational learning capability and strategy management of intellectual capital. 1. The interaction between strategy management of knowledge-centered and the executives¡¦ direction ability of learning and amelioration have significant influence on both organizational business operational performance and behavioral performance. 2. The interaction between knowledge-centered strategic management and team-leadership competitiveness has significant influence on organizational behavioral performance. 3. The interaction between strategy management of information-centered and the executives¡¦ direction ability of learning and amelioration have significant influence on both organizational business operational performance and behavioral performance.

Yes / Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine how export learning capability and export environmental turbulence serve as mechanisms and boundary conditions to link export market-oriented culture to export performance. Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative approach was undertaken to analyse longitudinal data of 249 small- and medium-sized exporting firms in Nigeria, a Sub-Saharan African economy. Findings: Four major findings emerged from the study. First, export market-oriented culture positively influences export performance. Second, possessing an export market-oriented culture results in the development of high export learning capabilities. Third, export learning capability mediates the relationship between export market-oriented culture and export performance. Fourth, increases in export environment turbulence weaken the positive effect of export learning capability on export performance. Research limitations/implications: This study does not investigate moderating effects which might affect the relationship between export market-oriented culture and export learning capability as this was beyond the scope of this study. Originality/value: This study looks at developing economy environment as a unique context to examine the direct, mediating, and moderating effects of export market-oriented culture on export performance.

Today's technological developments and the military's uses of them affect tomorrow's battlefield. This evolution requires that a military organization remains a developing and learning organization to enable them to take advantage of and protect themselves from tomorrow’s advancements. Max Visser in 2016 created the Organisational Learning Capability theory that specifically addresses non-profit and military organisations and serves as a guide to which a military organisation can be evaluated on its learning capabilities. The study examines the Swedish Army and its SUAV-division, regarding its learning capability according to Visser’s theory. A qualitative case study involving a text-analysis of the Swedish Army’s regulatory publications and an interview survey of SUAV-personnel was conducted. The study found that the Army’s publications fair well, and predominantly creates a productive learning cycle. The interview survey gave a worse result however and prevailing was a defensive learning cycle. Mutual areas of improvement for both the analysis and interviews are; aspects of openness to new ideas, experimentation, risk-taking and the utilisation of formal/informal networks within an organisational knowledge system.

迄今「知識」已然成為現代化組織在面對全球化市場時能否具備創新能力與競爭力的首要資源，會以不同形式存在於組織內部及個別成員中。根據公司的資源基礎觀點（RBV），組織的策略性資產乃是決定本身是否有能力持續維持競爭優勢之先決條件，而在符合策略性資產特徵的前提下，知識的角色與意義將改變以往組織偏重對有形資產之資源利用與倚賴，而愈趨傾向策略性創造和發揮知識此一無形資產之無限價值與成長潛力。基此，為了因應瞬息萬變與高度競爭的全球化市場，愈來愈多組織竭力於進行各種形式的資本投資與規劃，尤其關注於組織知識資本(intellectual capital)的創新與管理，藉由利用動態的知識流程與知識基礎結構，開發組織內部的知識市場，培養組織學習能力，力求知識管理能力之迅速提升與發展，遂使知識資本成為目前組織利基之所在，而如何有效建構組織知識管理能力以善用本身的知識資產，實為當代組織管理研究之首要課題。 有鑑於當前論及知識管理的理論基礎、方法或實務應用之研究多半從資訊科技、結構制度或法令權利等面向呈現知識的創新、擴散與儲存，而鮮少透過道德秩序、價值規範等社會面向，深入剖析知識管理的相關議題。尤其將組織社會資本與知識管理相互結合的研究論文，在國內則是付諸闕如，係屬值得開發的新領域。基此，為了探究組織知識管理能力，本研究欲跳脫知識管理的迷思，採取「社會資本」(social capital)的觀點，剖析知識管理的社會動態面，闡釋在以「信任」為前提的知識經濟時代，社會資本對組織管理能力的提升所能發揮的槓桿效應(leverage)，破除“資訊科技是知識管理唯一可行的機制”之思考窠臼，在知識管理的科技平台之外新闢一個以「人」為核心的「高信任平台」，營造一個強調知識創造(knowledge creation)與學習分享的組織文化與網絡環境，藉以提升組織本身的知識管理能力，並提供知識管理推動者一個整合性的知識創造藍圖。 關鍵詞：知識、知識管理、社會資本、知識創造、組織學習能力、實務社群、信任、關係網絡

Manufacturing performance measures the extent to which the manufacturing plant has built capabilities like low cost, high quality, delivery, and flexibility. The importance of identifying drivers of these capabilities has been underscored by many scholars although limited evidence exists so far regarding this issue. The available evidence is also primarily based on data obtained from manufacturing firms operating in developed and emerging economies and not from firms in developing economies. This study, therefore, bridges this gap by exploring key internal and external drivers of manufacturing performance taking evidence from the manufacturing sector of a developing economy - Ethiopia. A quant-emphasis mixed method approach was used along with cross-sectional survey design to gather data and answer the research questions in the study. The unit of analysis is the manufacturing plant, and hence primary data was collected using multidimensional questionnaires at plant level from 197 medium and large scale firms from Addis Ababa and its periphery. Secondary data was obtained from census reports, the country’s Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP), and report on the performance of the Ethiopian economy, which were analyzed qualitatively and the implications to manufacturing performance drawn in the study. A series of scale checks and analyses were made to test unidimensionality, reliability, and validity of measures and then structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze hypothesized relationships. The main finding is that environmental dynamism significantly influences competitive priorities and firm’s strategic orientation, which in turn significantly influence manufacturing decisions. Structural and infrastructural manufacturing decisions eventually significantly influence manufacturing performance when firms place increased emphasis on quality or delivery. The competitive priorities also significantly influence external learning capability of the manufacturing plant, although the influence of strategic orientation on this variable was not significant even at the 0.1 level except in the delivery priority model. Both the competitive priorities and strategic orientation, however, play little role in guiding leadership practices of manufacturing managers. The study further indicates that government support directly influences manufacturing performance, though it does not significantly influence external learning capability. Based on the findings, it is suggested that manufacturing firms should give due attention to what is going on in their external environment and accordingly align their competitive priorities, strategic orientation, and investments in structural and infrastructural resources to enhance plant performance. They should exhaustively utilize the supports provided by government as well. / Business Management / DBL

Manufacturing performance measures the extent to which the manufacturing plant has built capabilities like low cost, high quality, delivery, and flexibility. The importance of identifying drivers of these capabilities has been underscored by many scholars although limited evidence exists so far regarding this issue. The available evidence is also primarily based on data obtained from manufacturing firms operating in developed and emerging economies and not from firms in developing economies. This study, therefore, bridges this gap by exploring key internal and external drivers of manufacturing performance taking evidence from the manufacturing sector of a developing economy - Ethiopia. A quant-emphasis mixed method approach was used along with cross-sectional survey design to gather data and answer the research questions in the study. The unit of analysis is the manufacturing plant, and hence primary data was collected using multidimensional questionnaires at plant level from 197 medium and large scale firms from Addis Ababa and its periphery. Secondary data was obtained from census reports, the country’s Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP), and report on the performance of the Ethiopian economy, which were analyzed qualitatively and the implications to manufacturing performance drawn in the study. A series of scale checks and analyses were made to test unidimensionality, reliability, and validity of measures and then structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze hypothesized relationships. The main finding is that environmental dynamism significantly influences competitive priorities and firm’s strategic orientation, which in turn significantly influence manufacturing decisions. Structural and infrastructural manufacturing decisions eventually significantly influence manufacturing performance when firms place increased emphasis on quality or delivery. The competitive priorities also significantly influence external learning capability of the manufacturing plant, although the influence of strategic orientation on this variable was not significant even at the 0.1 level except in the delivery priority model. Both the competitive priorities and strategic orientation, however, play little role in guiding leadership practices of manufacturing managers. The study further indicates that government support directly influences manufacturing performance, though it does not significantly influence external learning capability. Based on the findings, it is suggested that manufacturing firms should give due attention to what is going on in their external environment and accordingly align their competitive priorities, strategic orientation, and investments in structural and infrastructural resources to enhance plant performance. They should exhaustively utilize the supports provided by government as well. / Business Management / D.B.L.