As populism in Europe is on the rise there are two sides of populism contesting to make an impact on their societies. In connection with existing research, this study is focusing on the most prominent left-wing populist party in Spain, Podemos, and the  most prominent right-wing populist party in Italy, Lega Nord, and examines differences in their voters’ attitudes regarding a couple of crucial indicators of populism. The study is influenced by a previous study that examined the attitudes of left-wing and right-wing voters. The main distinction between this previous study and the current one is that my study also includes voters from the Spanish left-wing party Podemos, which was not included in the previous research. The result of my study show that Podemos voters are more positive towards the EU and towards immigration in difference to Lega Nord voters, whereas they have comparable attitudes towards material deprivation and elitism.

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Cardiovascular diseases account for the majority of deaths both worldwide and in the Czech Republic. Main factors contributing heart disease development, aside age and sex, are obesity, high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) was developed and used for search of genetic determinants of these traits. This commonly used rat model develops hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance naturally which is caused by aberrant Cd36 fatty acid translocase gene. Previous studies have shown that rescue of Cd36 performed in the transgenic SHR-Tg19 strain enhances cardiac beta-adrenergic system, slightly increases heart mass and leads to higher susceptibility to arrhythmias. The present thesis had two main aims: 1) To investigate whether and how a transgenic rescue of Cd36 in SHR affects protein composition, mitochondrial function and activity of selected metabolic enzymes of the heart. 2) To study the expression and distribution of selected components of beta-adrenergic signaling system in lipid raft isolated form membranes using the TX-100 detergent. We set to compare two commonly used proteomic approaches, 2D electrophoresis with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and label-free LC-MS. The results did not reveal any overlap between...

This thesis forms a report including human security and economic aspect experienced by three groups that are Radical right, Radical left, and the refugees. The examined theory is based on the securitisation of the EU sphere since the 2014/2015 refugee crisis and the Eurozone crisis. Economic perspective has a place in the public discourse inside the EU sphere, presenting moral dilemmas and political obligations of aiding the refugees in ethical scrutiny of human rights and human security.However, the de-radicalisation of the EU sphere deserves pointing attention to radicalised individuals and the reasons supporting both radicalisation and isolation. Therefore, human security assessment is made in three different groups to prioritise all the groups in the research: The refugees have participated with the presentatives of Radical right and Radical left ideology in the interviews. Data collected from the interviews and literature review include background information on the causes of the refugee movement, the EU-sphere migration process, and the organisations related to administrating and supporting the refugees and asylum-seeking process. The data of the research could be used by report makers, educators, and scholars.

The submitted thesis deals with the issue of left-wing extremism, especially the development of Trotskyist groups in the territory of Czechoslovakia, later the Czech Republic between the years 1989 - 2014. In the first part of the thesis, the background of Trotskyism thought is introduced as an ideology which is the result of a long-standing conflict between Trotsky and Stalin that was primarily concerned with direction, leadership and the nature of the Soviet Union. The main topics of Trotskyism as the intellectual movement are defined on the base of the analysis of several major writings by L. D. Trotsky. The second part is devoted to the analysis of a number of Trotskyist organizations that are acting or have acted in the Czech environment. In total, four groups from the Czech environment can be identified as Trotskyist. These are the following entities: "Budoucnost" ("Socialist Alternative Future"), "Socialistická solidarita" ("Socialist Solidarity"), "Socialistická organizace pracujících" ("Socialist Organization of Working People"), and "Nová antikapitalistická levice/Levá perspektiva" ("New Anti- Capitalist Left/Left Perspective"). This thesis is an analysis of the development of these groups, of their requirements and program principles, and of the events which these groups participated in during...

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, also known as “broken heart syndrome,” is a transient left ventricular dysfunction associated with stress (usually emotional) induced myocardial injury and stunning. It often presents as myocardial infarction on surface electrocardiogram (EKG). Diagnosis is made by coronary angiography, which rules out coronary artery disease and shows pathognomonic apical ballooning. In this article, we present a case of a 72-year-old woman who initially presented with an ST segment elevation myocardial infarction on EKG. Coronary angiography showed severe left anterior descending artery and diagonal lesions requiring percutaneous coronary intervention. Post–percutaneous coronary intervention, EKG changes resolved. The next day, the patient developed recurrent chest pain and her EKG showed diffuse T-wave inversion in precordial leads with reemerging ST segment elevations concerning for stent thrombosis. The patient underwent repeat emergent coronary angiography, which showed patent stents and findings consistent with takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement in the setting of failed surgical bioprosthesis (valve-in-valve) is a valuable option for patients with bioprosthetic aortic stenosis or regurgitation who are deemed high risk for repeat open heart surgery. Although the procedure is successful with proper preprocedural assessment, instances of left main (LM) coronary artery ostium obstruction have been documented. We present a case of LM coronary obstruction in the immediate postoperative period following implantation of a 20-mm Edwards Sapien 3 valve inside the degenerated 21-mm Mitroflow bioprosthesis stenosis, which was treated with double stenting alongside the Edwards Sapien 3 valve creating a channel (“neo left main”) that extended from mid-LM to the upper margin of the Edwards Sapien 3 valve. Although valve-in-valve in a Mitroflow degenerated bioprosthesis is a relatively safe procedure, 2 or more stents may be necessary to scaffold a channel to the coronary arteries between Edwards Sapien 3 prosthesis and aorta in the event of a coronary obstruction.

Uppsatsen gör en kvalitativ närläsning av utvalda passager i science fiction-verken Dune - Frank Herbert (1965), The Left Hand of Darkness - Ursula K. Le Guin (1969) och Dawn - Octavia E. Butler (1987). Materialet analyseras utifrån ett ekokritiskt perspektiv. Dess samband med posthumanistisk teori aktualiseras också i dess gemensamma ifrågasättande av människan och dess självbild. Syftet är att undersöka hur verken både återspeglar och aktualiserar ekokritiska perspektiv i gestaltning av människan och miljö. Vidare diskuteras resultatet i förhållande till gymnasieskolans värdegrundsinnehåll kopplat till klimatförändringar och hållbar utveckling för att presentera hur science fiction kan behandla dessa frågor i undervisningen. Slutsatserna visar att verken återspeglar ekokritiska perspektiv i deras gestaltning av människan i en alternativ framtid där relationen gentemot naturen ges en stor betydelse, till exempel som bärande av en kultur och i gestaltning av människors försök till kontroll gentemot dess omgivning. De alternativa perspektiven bär vikt i förhållande till den posthumanistiska kritiken av människan genom att ifrågasätta och gestalta människan i en biologisk och kulturell förändring. Verken visar hur science fiction-genren ger nya perspektiv på människans framtida varande. Samtliga insikter går att koppla till samtida diskussioner gällandes klimatförändringar och dess konsekvenser på människan och blir därav högst aktuella att behandla på gymnasieskolan.

We seek to observe the association between childhood obesity by different measures and adult obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and diabetes. Thousand two hundred and nine subjects from “Beijing Blood Pressure Cohort Study” were followed 22.9 ± 0.5 years in average from childhood to adulthood. We defined childhood obesity using body mass index (BMI) or left subscapular skinfold (LSSF), and adult obesity as BMI ≥28 kg/m2. MetS was defined according to the joint statement of International Diabetes Federation and American Heart Association with modified waist circumference (≥90/85 cm for men/women). Diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L or blood glucose 2 h after oral glucose tolerance test ≥11.1 mmol/L or currently using blood glucose-lowering agents. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the association. The incidence of adult obesity was 13.4, 60.0, 48.3, and 65.1 % for children without obesity, having obesity by BMI only, by LSSF only, and by both, respectively. Compared to children without obesity, children obese by LSSF only or by both had higher risk of diabetes. After controlling for adult obesity, childhood obesity predicted independently long-term risks of diabetes (odds ratio 2.8, 95 % confidence interval 1.2–6.3) or abdominal obesity (2.7, 1.6–4.7) other than MetS as a whole (1.2, 0.6–2.4). Childhood obesity predicts long-term risk of adult diabetes, and the effect is independent of adult obesity. LSSF is better than BMI in predicting adult diabetes.

Activation of NF-κB contributes to cardiac hypertrophy and the interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)-mediated MyD88-dependent signaling pathway predominately activates NF-κB. Recent studies have shown that the TIR/ BB-Loop mimetic (AS-1) disrupted the interaction of MyD88 with the IL-1R, resulting in blunting of NF-κB activation. We have examined the effects of AS-1 on the IL-1b-induced hypertrophic response using cultured neonatal cardiac myocytes in vitro and transverse aortic constriction (TAC) pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. Neonatal cardiac myocytes were treated with AS-1 15 min prior to IL-1β stimulation for 24 h. AS-1 treatment significantly attenuated IL-1β-induced hypertrophic responses of cardiac myocytes. In vivo experiments showed that AS-1 administration prevented cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction induced by pressure overload. AS-1 administration disrupted the interaction of IL-1R with MyD88 in the pressure overloaded hearts and prevented activation of NF-κB. In addition, AS-1 prevented increases in activation of the MAPK pathway (p38 and p-ERK) in TAC-induced hypertrophic hearts. Our data suggest that the IL-1R-mediated MyD88-dependent signaling pathway plays a role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and AS-1 attenuation of cardiac hypertrophy is mediated by blocking the interaction between IL-1R and MyD88, resulting in decreased NF-κB binding activity and decreased MAPK activation.