Orientador: Eduardo Roberto Junqueira Guimarães / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T22:38:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ocariz_IzabellaCampos_M.pdf: 1590123 bytes, checksum: ac43c7087da00fa28c86157f024c19a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O texto mostra a análise das cartas dos leitores publicadas nas revistas jornalísticas de divulgação científica Minas Faz Ciência e Pesquisa FAPESP no período de quinze meses a contar de dezembro de 2010. O objetivo é analisar qual a relação das publicações com o leitor. A pesquisa justifica-se porque levantará a discussão em torno da função do espaço Carta do Leitor e seu potencial em um veículo de comunicação. A metodologia de pesquisa abarca a teoria da argumentação, análise de discurso e recursos numéricos que envolvem tabelas e gráficos. Há uma grande diferença entre o público que escreve para as duas revistas, principalmente no que diz respeito à postura diante do espaço concedido a ele / Abstract: The text shows the readers' letters analysis published in the scientific journalism magazines Minas Faz Ciência and Pesquisa FAPESP in a fifteen months period from December 2010. The objective is to analyze which is the relationship of the publications with the reader. The research is justified because it will raise the discussion about the function of the letters from readers and their potential in a vehicle of communication. The research methodology includes theories of argumentation, speech analysis and resources that involve numerical tables and graphics. It was noticed much difference between the public who writes for both magazines and their attitude to the space provided to them / Mestrado / Divulgação Científica e Cultural / Mestra em Divulgação Científica e Cultural

Submitted by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-03-28T18:34:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Cláudia Farias UFF.pdf: 1449901 bytes, checksum: b2c70eb30b2c415abb686031e7bf987a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-03-28T18:34:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Cláudia Farias UFF.pdf: 1449901 bytes, checksum: b2c70eb30b2c415abb686031e7bf987a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-28T18:34:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Cláudia Farias UFF.pdf: 1449901 bytes, checksum: b2c70eb30b2c415abb686031e7bf987a (MD5) / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar um tipo específico de estratégia retóricodiscursiva, utilizado em cartas de aconselhamento, abordado neste trabalho, como “reenquadramentos cognitivo-discursivos”. Para a investigação, foram selecionadas 35 cartas publicadas em um jornal de grande circulação entre os anos de 2011 e 2013. As cartas de aconselhamento foram analisadas à luz de pressupostos teóricos da Teoria de Gêneros e da Linguística Cognitiva. Da Teoria de Gêneros (BAKHTIN, 1992, [1953], SWALES, 1990), foram recrutadas as conceituações de gêneros textuais como “carta”, “carta do leitor” e “carta de aconselhamento”, considerados, primordialmente, em seus propósitos comunicativos. Os principais construtos teóricos da Linguística Cognitiva acionados para este trabalho foram noções como a de frames (FILLMORE, 1982), a de nicho metafórico (VEREZA, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2013), a da metáfora, dentro de uma perspectiva cognitiva (LAKOFF e JOHNSON, 1980, [2002]), além de construções retóricas como parábolas e analogias. Essa abordagem visou estabelecer associações entre os níveis linguístico-textual e cognitivo-discursivo de textos cujo propósito comunicativo inclui o ato diretivo implícito e recuperável apenas por meio do acionamento cognitivo dos reenquadramentos propostos. Essa visão se insere nas novas tendências dos estudos sociocognitivistas, que privilegiam a interface entre cognição e discurso (SEMINO, 2008; CAMERON, 2009, 2012, 2013; VEREZA, 2007, 2012, 2013, entre outros). A análise, que foi desenvolvida com base nos reenquadramentos, ou macromapeamentos propostos, revelou o importante papel dessas estratégias na dimensão retórico/discursiva do gênero em foco. / This research focused on investigating the rhetorical-discursive strategy in counselling letters named in this work cognitive-discursive “reframings”. For the research, thirty-five letters, which had been published in a well-known newspaper, between the years 2011 and 2013, were selected. The counselling letters were analyzed according to the theoretical views of The Generic Theory (BAKHTIN, 1992, [1953], SWALES, 1990) and those of Cognitive Linguistics. The Generic Theory contributed with concepts such as textual genres, like “letter”, “letters from the readers” and “counselling letters”, taking primarily into account their communicative purposes. The main theoretical constructs from Cognitive Linguistics recruited for the research were the notions of frames (FILLMORE, 1982), frames online and off-line (VEREZA, 2013), metaphor niches (VEREZA, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2013), besides the cognitivist view of metaphor as a figure of thought (LAKOFF and JOHNSON, 1980, [2002]) and rhetorical constructs such as parables and analogies. This approach aimed at establishing associations between the linguistic-textual and the cognitive-discursive levels of texts with a communicative purpose that includes the implicit directive act, retrieved only through the cognitive activation of the already cited “reframing”. This approach follows the new trends in cognitivist studies (SEMINO, 2008; CAMERON, 2009, 2012, 2013; VEREZA, 2007, 2012, 2013, among others), especially the ones which stand for the dialogue between cognition and discourse. Besides that, it aims at contributing with other research, not only in the cognitive and discursive areas, but also with those about reading and genres.

This essay analyses fifty electronic Nigerian scam letters or spam in order to find out whether they can be considered a genre of their own according to Swales’ (1990) definition. It is comparing the Nigerian scam letters to sales promotion letters, as presented by Bhatia (1993). The functional moves Bhatia (1993) found in the sales promotion letters were applied to the Nigerian scam letters, and three functional moves unique for the scam letters were established. The functional moves specific to the Nigerian scam letters together with the scam letters’ compatibility with Swales’ (1990) definition of genre, give support for this essay’s argument that the Nigerian scam letters constitute a genre of their own.

Research with genre, nowadays is conquering space and receiving special attention in the academic mean, because the study of different texts amplify the discursive and linguistic ability of the professional who act in the language teaching. Consequently, the abilities of their pupils increase too. Therefore, the students become best writers and readers with more social involvement. This research accomplishes a study of the Paulo Sant ana s sporting column genre published in Zero Hora newspaper, from Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil. The realization of this research is considered important because the great relevance of this theme in the Brazilian context. Where the sporting texts have great repercussion and circulation. For this study, started of these hypothesis: 1) the sporting column textual kind offer so rich study material as the socially valorized texts (politic, religious, literary), 2) the Paulo Sant Ana s sporting column may be classified as genre because show characteristics of the column genre, 3) the metadiscursive elements (Vande Kopple: 1985) are very important to the persuasive process on the text, It constitute one of the principals resources used by the author to attract his public to the column read.Thus, the aim of this work is study the Paulo Sant Ana s sporting column genre. Contextual configuration is worked through the field variables, relation and mode, compulsory elements in the genre identification. To discuss genre, it is searched base on authors like Halliday (1985), Hassan (1985), Maingueneau (2001), Meurer (1997, 2002) and Marchuschi (2002). To aboard the column genre characteristics, it is searched subsidy on Melo (1994, 2003), Suárez and Carro (2000) and Rabaça and Barbosa (2000). To the sporting journalism study, it was worked specially with Coelho (2003), Melo (2003b) and Damo (2002). / Atualmente, a pesquisa com os gêneros está conquistando espaço e recebendo atenção especial no meio acadêmico, porque o estudo de textos diferentes amplia a competência lingüística e discursiva dos profissionais que atuam no ensino da linguagem e, conseqüentemente, dos seus alunos, tornando-os melhores leitores e escritores, possibilitando-lhes maior atuação social. Esta pesquisa realiza um estudo do gênero coluna esportiva do colunista Paulo Sant Ana, veiculada no jornal Zero Hora, do Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil. Considera-se importante a realização deste estudo devido à relevância do tema no contexto do Brasil, onde os textos esportivos têm grande repercussão e circulação. Para esse estudo, partiu-se das seguintes hipóteses: 1) o gênero textual coluna esportiva oferece tão rico material de estudos como os textos socialmente valorizados (político, religioso, literário), 2) a coluna esportiva de Paulo Sant Ana pode ser classificada como gênero, pois apresenta características do gênero coluna, 3) os elementos metadiscursivos (Vande Kopple:1985) são de grande importância para o processo persuasivo no texto, constituindo-se em um dos principais recursos utilizados pelo autor para atrair seu público para a leitura da coluna. Assim, como o objetivo desse trabalho é estudar o gênero coluna esportiva de Paulo Sant Ana, trabalha-se a configuração contextual, através da análise das variáveis campo, relação e modo, elementos obrigatórios na identificação de um gênero. Para discutir gênero, busca-se respaldo em autores como Halliday (1985), Hassan (1985), Maingueneau (2001), Meurer (1997, 2002) e Marchuschi (2002). Para abordar as características do gênero colunas, buscam-se subsídios em Melo (1994, 2003), Suárez e Carro (2000) e Rabaça e Barbosa (2000). Para o estudo do jornalismo esportivo, trabalha-se, especialmente, com Coelho (2003), Melo (2003b) e Damo (2002).

Né au Chili en 1953, Roberto Bolaño passe son adolescence au Mexique puis sillonne l’Europe et s’installe en Espagne où il meurt en 2003. Écrivain en mouvement, Roberto Bolaño constitue à nos yeux un modèle d’auteur ouvert aux quatre vents. Issu d’un ensemble qui fonctionne à l’échelle continentale et transcontinentale – l’Amérique latine –, il se dégage des jeux d’appartenances nationales pour proposer dans ses écrits un point de vue décentré et comparatiste. Un comparatisme entendu comme ouverture vers l’altérité, comme expérience de défamiliarisation, comme mise en écho d’espaces et de temps séparés les uns des autres. Un comparatisme qui s’énonce également à travers une abondance de références littéraires : la Bibliothèque mondiale fonctionne à la fois comme moyen de lire et transcrire le réel mais aussi comme lieu d’appartenance. Au cosmopolitisme littéraire s’adjoint un regard critique porté sur le marché de la république des lettres. Un champ littéraire mondial vu comme espace de rivalités entre des auteurs qui aspirent à une légitimité littéraire. Ces personnages sont également pris dans le cours de l’histoire collective, dans le déroulé sanglant du vingtième siècle exposé à travers une optique décentrée. Histoire de l’Amérique latine et de l’Europe s’éclairent l’une l’autre dans des récits qui mêlent le réel à la fiction. Notre Histoire se recompose à travers une accumulation de vies imaginaires, de juxtapositions ’instantanés et d’images mises en mouvement glanées de l’Europe à l’Amérique. Le présent travail analyse la dimension formelle et thématique du comparatisme à l’oeuvre tout autant que l’engagement qu’il suppose / Born in Chile in 1953, Roberto Bolaño spent his youth in Mexico, travelled through Europe and ended up in Spain, where he died in 2003. Writer in motion, Roberto Bolaño seemed to be open to the four winds. Coming from a space both continental and transcontinental – Latin America –, the author cuts with the national belonging and shows a decentred and comparatist point of view in his work. His comparatism is like an opening to otherness, an experience of defamiliarisation, and a system of echoes between spaces and times.This comparatism works also through many literary references: for the writer, the universal Library is a way to read and write the real and a place he belongs to. This literary cosmopolitism goes with a critical point of view upon the market of literature. The author proposes a humoristic and scathing representation of the international republic of letters as an open space of rivalries. In the fictions, the authors fight to gain literary legitimacy, and they are carried away by the flow of collective History. Roberto Bolaño shows the violent development of the twentieth century through a decentred prism. History of Latin America and Europe spread a light on each other and the protagonists of the stories, mixing reality and fiction, are often writers. Our History recomposes itself with imaginary lives, juxtaposition of moments and moving pictures from Europe and America.The present work analyses the formal and thematic dimension of comparatism and questions the commitment linked to it.

This thesis examines the spiritual lives of eighteenth-century English women through an analysis of their personal writings. It explores the manuscripts of religious women who practised their faith by writing letters, diaries, poetry, and other highly personal texts—texts that give unique access to the interior, spiritual lives of their authors. Concerned not only with the individual meaning of those writings but with their communal meanings, it argues that women’s informal writing, written within personal relationships, acted to undergird, guide, and indeed shape religious communities in vital and unexplored ways. Through an exploration of various significant personal relationships, both intra- and inter-generationally, this thesis demonstrates the multiple ways in which women were active in ‘writing religious communities’. The women discussed here belonged to communities that habitually communicated through personal writing. At the same time, their acts of writing were creative acts, powerful to build and shape religious communities: these women wrote religious community. A series of interweaving case studies guide my analysis and discussion. The thesis focuses on Catherine Talbot (1721–70), Anne Steele (1717–78), and Ann Bolton (1743–1822), and on their literary interactions with friends and family. Considered together, these subjects and sources allow comparison across denomination, for Talbot was Anglican, Steele Baptist, and Bolton Methodist. After an introductory chapter, Chapter Two focuses on spiritual friendship, showing how women used personal writings within peer relationships to think through religious ideas and encourage faith commitments. Chapter Three considers older women as spiritual elders, arguing that elderly women sometimes achieved honoured status in religious communities and were turned to for spiritual direction. Chapter Four explores the ways in which women offered religious instruction to spiritual children through the creative use of informal writings, including diaries and poetry. And Chapter Five considers women’s personal writings as spiritual legacy, as they were preserved by family and friends and continued to function in religious communities after the death of their authors.

Dans l’oeuvre provençale de Victor GELU, thématiques politique, sociale et philosophique écrasent statistiquement les autres thématiques par leur présence. C’était une des conclusions de deux mémoires soutenus en 2004 à l’Université Paul Valéry, l’un par moi-même, l’autre par Monsieur CHATAIN. Mais si les trois serrures étaient bien là il manquait une clef. Les thématiques politique et sociale se positionnaient à gauche. Les références exactes de la thématique philosophique ne voulaient pas se préciser. Avant de se préoccuper d’interpréter le sens de l’oeuvre il eût mieux valu savoir qui était l’homme. Les pensées politique, sociale et philosophiques de Victor GELU, une opportunité s’offrait d’essayer de les reconstituer avec le fonds de 430 lettres de 1843 à 1885. Comment exploiter ce gisement ? Certainement pas en croyant l’épistolier qui faisait preuve d’une grande prudence. La solution était de faire parler ses correspondants. Une notice biographique de chacun fut faite en y portant ses engagements politiques, sociaux et philosophiques. Le regroupement des notices a permis de constituer cinq ensembles de destinataires au fil de la vie de l’écrivain marseillais. La confrontation des cinq ensembles a permis de dessiner un correspondant type qui, en creux, constitue le portrait reconstruit de Victor GELU, un homme aux idées républicaines, souvent socialisantes (pas dans un sens marxiste étroit du terme) et, de sa jeunesse à la fin de sa vie, aux préoccupations maçonniques. / This dissertation contains the critical edition of some 430 letters, written by Victor Gelu between 1843 and 1885. The author studies mainly the typology of the recipients.

This thesis focusses on the literary self-reflexivity of Birthday Letters, Ted Hughes's collection of poems addressed to his long-dead first wife, poet Sylvia Plath. By close attention to the language of select poems and a discussion of cross-referencing images and allusions across the volume, and intertextually, I argue that the collection is more self-consciously ordered and designed than the mainly biographical criticism the work has met with suggests. The thesis focusses on the poets' art rather than the biographical context of Birthday Letters, though it does not draw a neat distinction between their lives and their poetry - rather it demonstrates how Birthday Letters itself treats the relationship of art to life thematically. The introduction outlines the context of the volume's genesis and publication and the notions of poetry, myth and drama out of which Hughes works, and introduces the central metaphor of metamorphosis as figured in Ariel's song "Full Fathom Five" from The Tempest, as well as the importance of that play to Plath. Each of the chapters that follow focusses on a cluster of inter-related imagery through a discussion of four or five key poems. Chapter One examines Hughes's portrayal of himself as imprisoned by Plath's poetic portraits, and relates this to the recurring motifs of the snapshot and the Medusa myth. The poems discussed emphasize Hughes's consciousness of the metamorphic and "magical" relationship of art to life. The second chapter discusses Hughes's use of the myth of the labyrinth and the Minotaur, tracing it back to Plath's writings and reading, and pointing out its self-reflexivity: the labyrinth figures Hughes's own loss as well as the labyrinthine nature of writing. The third chapter considers the themes of possession and loss, and how they attach themselves to images of houses and jewels. Possession and loss tum, self-reflexively, upon issues of inheritance and remembrance, notably Hughes's inheritance of Plath's poetic legacy, and his remembrance of her and her poetry through his own poetry. The conclusion pursues connections between the observations made in the separate chapters, outlining the larger context out of which the poems emerge, and returning to the trope of metamorphosis as figured in "Full Fathom Five"

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-29T13:07:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 manoelamartinsdasilveira.pdf: 462386 bytes, checksum: 0a83fbedb766917f0ffcd2493a3a45db (MD5) / Rejected by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br), reason: Adicionar instituição on 2016-02-01T15:45:40Z (GMT) / Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-02-01T16:12:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 manoelamartinsdasilveira.pdf: 462386 bytes, checksum: 0a83fbedb766917f0ffcd2493a3a45db (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-02-01T20:10:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 manoelamartinsdasilveira.pdf: 462386 bytes, checksum: 0a83fbedb766917f0ffcd2493a3a45db (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-02-01T20:11:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 manoelamartinsdasilveira.pdf: 462386 bytes, checksum: 0a83fbedb766917f0ffcd2493a3a45db (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-01T20:11:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 manoelamartinsdasilveira.pdf: 462386 bytes, checksum: 0a83fbedb766917f0ffcd2493a3a45db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-12 / Neste trabalho, partindo das 304 cartas escritas por Simone de Beauvoir para o escritor americano Nelson Algren, investigamos o aparente hiato que distancia a mulher submissa e dependente, que se declara apaixonadamente para seu interlocutor, da pensadora que se posiciona publicamente em favor das liberdades individuais. Por conta da distância tanto física quanto cultural, no período imediatamente posterior à Segunda Guerra, Beauvoir e Algren se descobriram sobretudo através da troca epistolar. As cartas, então, ocupam o lugar da falta do outro. De modo que, para se revelar e despertar o interesse do amado, a autora utiliza algumas estratégias de convencimento, como, por exemplo, a maneira de se mostrar dependente ou, ainda, o tom altamente passional que perpassa algumas das missivas. Entretanto, a dependência declarada não ultrapassa o plano da escrita para a realidade, já que ela não abandona definitivamente sua vida em Paris para viver em Chicago, se recusando, pois, a encarcerar sua singularidade nos modelos de um casamento tradicional. / In this paper, starting from the 304 letters written by Simone de Beauvoir to the American writer Nelson Algren, we investigate the apparent hiatus distancing the submissive and dependent woman who passionately declares herself to her interlocutor and the thinker who positions herself publicly in favour of individual freedoms. Due to both physical and cultural distance, in the immediate aftermath of World War II, Beauvoir and Algren discovered themselves mainly through exchanging letters. These letters, then, take the place of the absence of the other. So, to reveal herself and arouse the interest of her beloved, the author uses some strategies of persuasion, for example, the way to show dependence or even a highly passionate tone revealed in some of the missives. However, this declared dependence does not exceed from writing to the reality, since she does not definitively abandons her life in Paris to live in Chicago, refusing, therefore, to incarcerate her uniqueness in the models of a traditional marriage.

Le genre épistolaire présente entre le IVe et VIe siècle apr. J.-C. un nombre significatif d'actes d'offrir qui ont rarement été examinés de manière systématique en histoire de l'Antiquité tardive. Les cadeaux interpersonnels ne sont pas seulement des objets qui passent de main en main, mais des actes de communication, dont l'analyse différenciée est en mesure d'apporter des précisions sur les interactions entre le donateur et le destinataire, les choix médiatiques et la volonté de transmettre des messages à l'aide d'objets. En appliquant les outils des sciences de la communication à une source littéraire particulière, cette thèse présente une approche alternative de la question du don dans l'Antiquité tardive. / Letters from the 4th to the 6th century A.C. show a significant number of gift-giving situations. These have never been systematically analyzed in late antique history. Interpersonal gifts might be interpretated as acts of communication, not only as objects passed over from hand to hand. In order to determine the interaction between the giver and the addressee, their choices of media and the desire of tansmitting messages throught objects, a differenciated analysis is important. With the help of well-established tools from communication studies, the work at hand presents an alternative method for approching gift-giving in Late Antiquity.