O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi lançar luz à questão da experiência estética da leitura literária dialógica e seus efeitos para os sujeitos, no âmbito da prática social de clubes de leitura. Para tal, buscou-se compreender como se dá essa experiência, descrever suas características e compreender a influência de seus efeitos na subjetividade e sociabilidade dos leitores e leitoras, procurando revelar como sujeitos comuns a vivenciam no cotidiano. Foi utilizado o método fenomenológico em pesquisa qualitativa aplicado a três grupos de pessoas de ambos os sexos e com idades entre 23 e 52 anos (considerando apenas os participantes fixos), integrantes de três clubes de leitura com perfis e preferências literárias variadas, em funcionamento na capital e região metropolitana de São Paulo. A discussão de resultados foi realizada por meio de um diálogo interdisciplinar entre teóricos da fenomenologia, da antropologia, da estética e da teoria literária. Os achados da pesquisa envolvem questões relativas à peculiar relação das mulheres com a leitura e com a literatura; a possibilidade de ampliação das formas de subjetivação a partir do encontro com o livro e do diálogo com outros leitores e leitoras e a criação de novos espaços de pertencimento propiciados por esses encontros / The aim of this research was to shed light on the question of the aesthetic experience of literary reading and its effects on subjects within the social practice of reading clubs. To do this, we sought to understand how this experience is given, to describe its characteristics and to understand the influence of its effects on the subjectivity and sociability of readers, trying to reveal how common subjects experience it in everyday life. The phenomenological method in qualitative research was applied to three groups of people of both genders and aged between 23 and 52 years (considering only the fixed participants), members of three reading clubs with varied literary profiles and preferences, operating in the capital and metropolitan region of São Paulo. The discussion of results was carried out through an interdisciplinary dialogue between autors of phenomenology, anthropology, aesthetics and literary theory. The findings of the research involve questions related to women\'s peculiar relationship with reading and literature; the possibility of expanding the forms of subjectivation from the encounter with the book and the dialogue with other readers and the creation of new spaces of belonging provided by these meetings

Através da visão multidimensional que a Literatura proporciona, acredita-se que a voz de Simone de Beauvoir desperta o pensamento crítico dos leitores sobre a condição da mulher, na segunda metade do século XX. A análise se situa entre os odores que exalam do estudo de Walter Benjamin sobre o conceito de reflexão dos primeiros românticos alemães e os sabores dos desencobrimentos presentes em A Mulher Desiludida, narrativa ficcional de Simone de Beauvoir. O que é a literatura?, ingrediente adicionado por Jean-Paul Sartre, traz consistência ao texto que, em sua finalização, é apimentado pela Teoria Estética, de Theodor Adorno. O autor do Magnum opus a Dialética do esclarecimento demonstra ainda a necessidade de se acrescentar o gosto que incomoda para que saibamos apreciar o alimento que nos é oferecido. Todo o banquete é servido sobre a base fundadora do feminismo: O Segundo Sexo. Agucem todos os sentidos, a iguaria será servida / It is believed that through the multidimensional view provided by literature, Simone de Beauvoir leads the readers to think about womens conditions in the second half of the twentieth century. The analysis is based on Walter Benjamins concept of reflection of the first German romantic writers the smell it exhales and what is disclosed in A Mulher Desiludida, fiction written by Simone de Beavouir the flavor one experience when reading it. An ingredient added to the text and giving it consistency is Jean Paul Sartres What is literature. The final spice is given by Teoria Estética (Theodor Adorno). The writer of the Magnum Opus Dialetica do Esclarecimento further shows the need to add an unpleasant taste for us to be able to appreciate the food we are given. The whole feast is served on the founding basis of feminism: The Second Sex. Excite every way, the dish will be served

Através da visão multidimensional que a Literatura proporciona, acredita-se que a voz de Simone de Beauvoir desperta o pensamento crítico dos leitores sobre a condição da mulher, na segunda metade do século XX. A análise se situa entre os odores que exalam do estudo de Walter Benjamin sobre o conceito de reflexão dos primeiros românticos alemães e os sabores dos desencobrimentos presentes em A Mulher Desiludida, narrativa ficcional de Simone de Beauvoir. O que é a literatura?, ingrediente adicionado por Jean-Paul Sartre, traz consistência ao texto que, em sua finalização, é apimentado pela Teoria Estética, de Theodor Adorno. O autor do Magnum opus a Dialética do esclarecimento demonstra ainda a necessidade de se acrescentar o gosto que incomoda para que saibamos apreciar o alimento que nos é oferecido. Todo o banquete é servido sobre a base fundadora do feminismo: O Segundo Sexo. Agucem todos os sentidos, a iguaria será servida / It is believed that through the multidimensional view provided by literature, Simone de Beauvoir leads the readers to think about womens conditions in the second half of the twentieth century. The analysis is based on Walter Benjamins concept of reflection of the first German romantic writers the smell it exhales and what is disclosed in A Mulher Desiludida, fiction written by Simone de Beavouir the flavor one experience when reading it. An ingredient added to the text and giving it consistency is Jean Paul Sartres What is literature. The final spice is given by Teoria Estética (Theodor Adorno). The writer of the Magnum Opus Dialetica do Esclarecimento further shows the need to add an unpleasant taste for us to be able to appreciate the food we are given. The whole feast is served on the founding basis of feminism: The Second Sex. Excite every way, the dish will be served

Mémoire en recherche-création / Notre essai porte sur le concept d’imaginaire métaphysique chez Yves Bonnefoy et a pour objectif d’en expliquer la portée et de l’approfondir avec la notion de mélancolie telle que la conçoit Charles Baudelaire, afin de montrer que la proposition de Bonnefoy fonctionne et a sa pertinence comme clef de lecture et comme perspective nouvelle sur la littérature. En effet, si l’essai dans lequel Bonnefoy développe sa pensée est d’une assez courte portée, les thèmes et les idées qu’il regroupe traversent l’œuvre essayistique du poète et rejoignent sa conception de la poésie – que l’on sait influencée par la métaphysique, tout particulièrement plotinienne – et rejaillissent ainsi sur l’ensemble de son œuvre. C’est toutefois avec quelques poèmes de Charles Baudelaire que l’imaginaire métaphysique sera éprouvé vers la fin de l’essai, afin non seulement d’en montrer la justesse mais aussi d’élaborer l’imaginaire métaphysique de Baudelaire lui-même : le concept de Bonnefoy éclaire non seulement ce que peut la poésie, mais aussi celle que tout littéraire porte en soi. Sur cette toile de fond, l’essai-fiction s’attelle à explorer l’imaginaire métaphysique de son auteur par un dialogue soutenu avec une variété de textes, parmi lesquels une place prépondérante est accordée aux essais littéraires. Sous forme de courts textes suivis inspirés par la pratique fragmentaire prônée par le romantisme allemand, l’essai-fiction explore notamment les rapports au plein air et au paysage conçu comme vécu, le rapport à la mémoire et à l’idéalité rétroactive des souvenirs et ce qu’est le pressentiment d’avoir vu. Une part prépondérante de l’essai-fiction suit, enfin, quelques textes de l’essayiste québécois Yvon Rivard autour de ce qu’il nomme « l’expérience littéraire » et renouvelle ainsi la question de l’imaginaire métaphysique de Bonnefoy, à savoir ce que « donne à voir » la poésie et ce qui est, au fond, la marque de toute expérience créatrice. L’essai-fiction erre ainsi de sommets en vallons et aboutit à son propre « paysage métaphysique » réel, nommé la Maison devant le monde, où recommencent les vagues et s’épuise l’écriture. / Our study is about Yves Bonnefoy’s concept of metaphysical imagination and aims to explain the concept and to further develop it in light of the notion of melancholy promoted by Charles Baudelaire, with the objective of demonstrating that Bonnefoy’s concept applies to and can serve as a relevant tool for the reading and promotion of new conceptualizations in literature. While Bonnefoy’s essay within which he develops his ideas is essentially quite short and might be read as pertinent primarily to poetic musings, those same ideas that are regrouped transcend the essays of the poet and fuel his conceptualization of poetry – which we know is influenced by metaphysics, notably Plotinus’ metaphysics – as reflected in his life’s work. However, it is with a few poems by Charles Baudelaire that the concept of metaphysical imagination will be further tested, with the objective of demonstrating its functionality but also to elaborate further the poet’s own metaphysical imagination beyond its origins: Bonnefoy’s concept sheds light not only on what poetry can do, but also on what every litterary carries within his own self. Against this backdrop, our essay-fiction explores the metaphysical imagination of its author by putting it in dialogue with multiple writings, attending in particular to literary essays. Through short texts inspired by German Romanticism’s genre of the fragment, our work engages specifically with relations to the outdoors and the landscape, treated in terms of its lived experiences, the relation to memory and the retroactive ideality of memories and the having of a premonition of something or a “glimpse”. A sizable part of the text follows the works of Quebec writer Yvon Rivard revolving around what he calls the “literary experience” and so renews Bonnefoy’s metaphysical imagination’s question, which is about the “glimpse” poetry can offer and what in the end essentially characterizes creative experiences. From peaks to valleys, our work wanders and gives rise to its own yet real “metaphysical landscape”, called the House before the world, where waves renew while the writing slowly exhausts itself.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:53:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mayara Bueno.pdf: 1185832 bytes, checksum: 2efb8dc31dc01361966dbc94b12805f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-04 / This study aims the reading of the novel O falso mentiroso: memórias, by Silviano Santiago, as literary space, according to Maurice Blanchot‘s concept, where literary experiences enable an action of dilution of its own limits, such as reality and fiction, in a constant self-questioning exercise. The axis of Silviano Santiago‘s critical thought axis is the ―space-in-between" concept, based on the anthropophagic ritual, which deconstructs binary speeches and the concept of origin. Essential to us understand the literary relations and how this studied novel sets dialogs between fiction and the author‘s theory, therefore, between the fictitious writer and the reviewer. Connected to discussions of authors such as Walter Benjamin, Michael Foucault e Giorgio Agamben, we conceive Silviano Santiago‘s novel literary space as a place of deconstruction, where statutes are rated under suspicion and where the literature is also, theory. / Este trabalho propõe a leitura do romance O falso mentiroso: memórias, de Silviano Santiago, como espaço literário, apropriando-se do termo de Maurice Blanchot, onde experiências literárias possibilitam um processo de diluição dos seus próprios limites, como realidade e ficção, em um exercício de autoquestionamento constante. O eixo do pensamento crítico de Silviano Santiago é o conceito de ―entre-lugar‖ que, baseado no ritual antropofágico, descontrói discursos binários e o conceito de origem. Sua compreensão torna-se essencial para entendermos as relações literárias e como o romance aqui estudado estabelece diálogos entre a ficção e a teoria do autor, logo, entre o ficcionista e o crítico. Articuladas às discussões de autores como Walter Benjamin, Michael Foucault e Giorgio Agamben, pensamos o espaço literário do romance de Silviano Santiago como um lugar de desconstrução, onde estatutos são colocados sob suspeita e onde a literatura é, também, teoria.

Cette thèse s’intéresse à la lisibilité de la littérature — à la lisibilité d’une certaine littérature : française, contemporaine, une littérature qu’on classe plus souvent qu’autrement du côté du champ poétique. Au départ, un simple constat : certains livres sont difficiles à lire. Parfois, on va même jusqu’à dire qu’ils sont illisibles; si ce jugement ne saurait fournir un concept rigoureux pour décrire les textes, il soulève toutefois un certain nombre de questions qui, elles, sont au cœur de cette thèse. Car il n’y a rien d’illisible en soi : l’illisible n’est pas une propriété, mais un jugement qui traduit une impasse de lecture. Ainsi, les verdicts d’illisibilités ont des causes et des conséquences très variées. L’illisible est situé : on peut difficilement l’aborder hors de ses circonstances, puisqu’il renvoie moins à un contenu spécifique qu’à une expérience. Il ne s’agit donc pas, ici, de lever l’incompréhension que l’on peut ressentir devant certains textes, mais bien d’interroger la place qu’elle occupe dans nos façons de lire et dans notre rapport à la littérature. Cette thèse se propose de réfléchir à ces questions en abordant, sous le mode du dialogue, les œuvres de Jean-Michel Reynard, Christophe Tarkos, Denis Roche, Anne-Marie Albiach, Jean-Marie Gleize, Christian Prigent, Valère Novarina et Pierre Guyotat. Ces œuvres n’occupent pas toutes la même place dans cette thèse. En ce sens, l’objectif n’est pas de les épuiser mais de soulever un certain nombre de questions à travers elles. Des questions différentes selon les œuvres, selon les écrivains, mais qui sont traversées par un même fil conducteur : l’expérience littéraire. À partir de situations chaque fois singulières, il s’agit ainsi d’éclairer certains aspects, certaines modalités de l’expérience littéraire. Les deux pôles de cette expérience sont ici l’écriture et la lecture, auxquelles il faut associer les figures de l’écrivain et du lecteur, qui occupent dans cette thèse une place centrale. La perspective est donc généraliste, qui soulève des questions tantôt poïétiques, axées sur la façon dont les écrivains vivent la genèse de leurs œuvres, et tantôt plus poétiques, voire politiques, qui renvoient plutôt à la façon dont les lecteurs font à leur tour l’expérience de ces textes à la singularité parfois radicale. En somme, les objectifs de cette thèse sont : 1) d’éclairer sous un nouvel angle les œuvres étudiées; 2) à travers leur exemple problématique, de poser les bases d’une réflexion sur la lisibilité, qui accorde une large place à la posture des écrivains et à la façon dont ils vivent la genèse de leurs œuvres; et 3) de contribuer aux études sur la genèse, la réception et la médiation des œuvres littéraires en réfléchissant à nos façons de vivre (avec) la littérature. / This dissertation focuses on the readability of literature—on the readability of a certain literature: French, contemporary, a literature that is more often than not classified in the poetic field. At first, a simple observation: some books are difficult to read. Sometimes we even get so far as to say they are unreadable; if this judgment cannot provide a rigorous concept to describe the texts, it nevertheless raises a number of questions which are at the heart of this dissertation. For there is nothing unreadable in itself: the unreadable is not a property, but a judgment that translates an impasse in reading. Thus, the verdicts of unreadability have varied causes and consequences. The unreadable is situated: it is difficult to approach it outside of its circumstances, since it refers less to a specific content than to an experience. The objective here is not to alleviate the misunderstanding that can be felt in front of certain texts, but rather to question the place it occupies in our ways of reading and our relation to literature. This dissertation proposes to reflect on these questions by approaching the works of Jean-Michel Reynard, Christophe Tarkos, Denis Roche, Anne-Marie Albiach, Christian Prigent, Valère Novarina and Pierre Guyotat. These works do not all have the same place in this dissertation. In this sense, the aim is not to exhaust them but to raise a number of questions through them. Different questions according to the works, according to the writers, but which are crossed by a common thread: the literary experience. From singular situations, the goal is thus to understand certain aspects, certain modalities of the literary experience. The two poles of this experience are writing and reading—related to those are the figures of the writer and the reader, which occupy an important place in this dissertation. Therefore, the perspective is broad, which raises questions sometimes of poietic, centred on the way writers live the creation of their works, and sometimes more of poetic, even politic, which rather refer to the ways in which readers, on their side, experience these radically singular texts. In short, the objectives of this dissertation are: 1) to study these works from a new angle; 2) through their problematic example, to lay the foundations for a reflection on readability that gives a large place to the writers’ posture and the way they live the creation of their works; and 3) to contribute to studies on creation, reception and mediation of literary works by reflecting on our ways of living (with) literature.