Bakgrund Inom svensk, såväl som internationell lagstiftning fastslås att barnets bästa ska beaktas när hälso- och sjukvård ges till barn. Dessutom ska barnens inställning till den aktuella vården eller behandlingen så långt som möjligt klarläggas. Samtidigt är det en utmaning för vårdpersonalen att realisera detta i praktiken, då patientgruppen barn skiljer sig stort från vuxna i deras möjligheter att göra sin röst hörd. Barnets egna perspektiv behöver därför särskilt lyftas fram och tas i beaktning. Syfte Studiens syfte var att beskriva barns upplevelser och erfarenheter i samband med sjukhusvistelse. Metod En strukturerad litteraturstudie med inslag av den metodologi som används vid systematiska översikter där tolv vetenskapliga originalartiklar ligger till grund. Datainsamlingen har utförts i databaserna Pubmed och CINAHL. Resultat Resultatet identifierar de tre huvudkategorierna relationer, sjukvårdsinsatser och miljö. Sjukvårdspersonalen och familjen identifierades som två positiva och viktiga relationer för barn som vårdas på sjukhus. Åtgärder som orsakade smärta eller obehag var istället en starkt negativ upplevelse. Samtidigt var barn fortsatt nyfikna på åtgärderna och önskade erhålla information för att skapa förutsättningar till att aktivt delta i sin egen vård. Lek och sociala interaktioner var viktigt då det skapade distans till barnens roll som patient. En färgglad sjukhusmiljö med mjuka fluffiga textilier och som erbjöd avskildhet föredrogs. Slutsats Barnen uttryckte upplevelser och erfarenheter inom ett flertal områden. Resultatet visade på att deras åsikter och inställning till sin egen vård inte alltid togs i beaktning. När det gjordes visade det på positiva effekter. Med ett barncentrerat arbetssätt skulle barnens vård kunna anpassas utifrån patienternas önskan. / Background Both Swedish and international law states that the best interests of the child should be considered when providing healthcare. Furthermore, children's own views on the care or treatment in question should be taken into consideration as far as possible. At the same time, it is a challenge for healthcare professionals to realize this in practice, as children as a patientgroup differ greatly from adults in their ability to express themselves. This indicates the need to highlight and take into account children’s own experiences while hospitalized. Aim The aim of the study was to describe children's experiences of hospital stay. Method A structured literature study with elements of the methodology used in systematic reviews based on twelve original scientific articles. The data collection has been carried out in the databases Pubmed and CINAHL. Results In the result, three main categories are identified: relationships, health care interventions and environment. Healthcare professionals and family were identified as two positive and important relationships for hospitalized children. Actions that caused pain or discomfort were instead a strongly negative experience. At the same time, children remained curious about the healthcare they were provided with and wished to receive information to enable them to actively participate in their own care. Playing and social interactions were importantas such activities created distance to the children's role as patients. A colorful hospital environment with soft fluffy textiles, while at the same time offering privacy, was preferred. Conclusions Childern expressed experiences in a number of areas. The result showed that their opinions and attitude towards their own care were not always taken into account. When it was done, it showed positive effects. With a child-centered approach, the children’s care could be adapt based on the patients’ wishes.

Bakgrund: God vård präglas av sjuksköterskor som bryr sig om sina patienter, ger dem av sin tid och gör det lilla extra. Vidare är medlidande en viktig egenskap för att uppnå en god vård och för att kunna visa andra medlidande behöver sjuksköterskor vara självmedkännande. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att hitta kraft till att vårda. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt genomfördes där 12 artiklar valdes ut och analyserades. Resultat: Det framkom fyra teman i resultatet: Arbetsmiljö och stöd, Kunskap och utveckling, Vårdande egenskaper och Egenvård vid medkänslotrötthet. Resultatet visade att sjuksköterskors erfarenheter var att de behövde en stödjande arbetsmiljö och möjlighet att utvecklas i arbetet för att hitta kraft till att vårda. Vidare framkom det att egenvård och självmedkänsla var viktiga faktorer för att undvika medkänslotrötthet. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor måste få tillåtelse att visa sig själva egenvård och självmedskänsla och stödjas av arbetsgivare och kollegor för att hitta kraft till att fortsätta vårda och inte drabbas av medkänslotrötthet. Arbetsgivare behöver lägga större vikt vid att stödja sjuksköterskor för att undvika en hög personalomsättning på grund av att de inte orkar fortsätta vårda. / Background: Good care consists of nurses who care about their patients, give them of their time and does more than just the necessary. Compassion is an important trait to achieve good care and nurses needs to be self-compassionate to be able to show compassion to others. Aim: To describe nurses experiences of finding strength to care. Method: A general literature review was performed where 12 articles were chosen and analyzed. Results: The result revealed four themes: Work environment and support, Knowledge and development, Caring behaviors and Self-care when dealing with compassion fatigue. The result showed that nurses experienced that they needed a work environment that supported them and gave them the opportunity to develop in their work to find strength to care for others. Furthermore, it emerged that self-care and self-compassion was important to avoid compassion fatigue. Conclusion: Nurses needed permission to be self-caring and self-compassionate and to be supported by employers and colleagues to find the strength to continue caring and avoid compassion fatigue. Employers need to focus more on supporting nurses to avoid high turnover because they cannot find the strength to continue caring.

Academic success requires not only taking in content, but also understanding how to learn best. Self Regulated Learning (SRL) is process by which humans regulate their thinking, emotions, and behavior. It broadly describes the process of knowing (or learning) how to learn. Education research has found Self-Regulated Learning to be a key predictor of academic success along with other constructs like motivation and self-efficacy. It may be particularly critical in learning to program at the post-secondary level. Studies have shown that students benefit greatly from targeted instruction in these skills. Teaching students how to better self-regulate is both important and valuable for Computer Science students. The solution here may seem straightforward: educators should give instruction on self-regulation skills. However, there are a number of skills that encompass a student's proficiency with self-regulate; including time management, problem decomposition, and reflection. Self regulation also tends to be a highly cognitive and internal process making it difficult to observe directly, let alone measure. Which skills should be prioritized for targeted instruction? How could we empirically measure those skills? What limitations should we keep in mind when making such decisions? Within this dissertation, I will seek to address these questions. In order to get an idea of what skills the Computing Education Research community should be prioritizing, my co-authors and I conducted two studies. First, a Delphi Process study that expanded the field by gaining an understanding of what SRL skills CS post-secondary educators value most. This gave a more firm view of what skills were most important for CS students. Second, a systematic literature review to examine what skills had been studied within the Computing Education Research community. Ultimately, I created a finalized list of 12 SRL skills that appear to be particularly important to CS education. This list also includes behaviors an outside observer could use as indicators of the presence or absence of SRL. After creating this list, I then considered how best to measure these each of these 12 skills. One form of measurement comes from using data traces collected from educational software. These allow researchers to make strong inferences about a student's internal state empirically. They also allow for measurement of students at greater scale and through automated means, making them advantageous for large classes. For my third publication, I then set about identifying a set of data traces for these skills taking a theory-first approach. I also make the case that CS is well situated to make great gains in trace-based approaches as they make use of a whole ecosystem of data sources. This is important as it is currently common for studies to utilize just one. / Doctor of Philosophy / Knowing how to learn is a critical aspect to academic success. Self-Regulation is the process by which humans regulate their thinking, emotions, and behavior. It encompasses the process of knowing (or learning) how to learn. Several studies have argued that learning Computer Science especially requires a strong self-regulated learning, but studies show novice programmer's skills in this area are still weak and benefit from further instruction. This is true even for students entering post-secondary education. Thus teaching students how to better self-regulate is important for CS students, but creating such lessons is not straightforward. SRL is a broad field and covers a variety of different skills that students may need. What skills are most important for instructors to teach their students? Once we know what skills are most important for targeting, how do we measure those skills? These are the questions I examine. In order to get an idea of what skills the Computing Education Research community should be prioritizing, I conducted both a Delphi Process study. Following that I conducted a systematic literature review to get a better idea of what the Computing Education Research community is currently studying. I then considered the best way to measure these skills. While there are many approaches available to study SRL, I opted to examine these skills through student interactions with digital education software, called data traces. These traces are advantageous as they authentically capture learning in a way no other approach currently can. For my third paper I systematically derived a series of high-quality traces and made the case that CS classes already collect a lot of valuable traces through common digital education software systems.

Yes / This paper aims to focus on systematically analysing and synthesising the extant research published on supply chain integration (SCI) area, given the significance of SCI research area. More specifically, the authors aim to answer three questions: “Q1 – What are the factors (e.g. both driving and inhibiting) that influence SCI?”, “Q2 – What are the key developments (e.g. both in research and industry) in SCI area?” and “Q3 – What are the approaches employed/discussed to integrate supply chains?”. Over the past decade, SCI has gained increasing attention in the supply chain management (SCM) context, both from the practitioners’ perspective and as a research area. In realising the global transformations and competitive business environment, a number of organisations are collaborating with their supply chain (SC) partners, to conduct seamless SC operations. A systematic and structured literature review is carried out to observe and understand the past trends and extant patterns/themes in the SCI research area, evaluate contributions and summarise knowledge, thereby identifying limitations, implications and potential directions of further research. Thus, to trace the implementation of SCI practices, a profiling approach is used to analyse 293 articles (published in English-speaking peer-reviewed journals between 2000 and 2013) extracted from the Scopus database. The Systematic Review Approach proposed by Tranfield et al. (2003) was followed to analyse and synthesise the extant literature on SCI area. The analysis presented in this paper has identified relevant SCI research studies that have contributed to the development and accumulation of intellectual wealth to the SCI and SCM area. Each of the 293 papers was examined for achieving the aim and objectives of the research, the method of data collection, the data analysis method and quality measures. While some of the papers provided information on all of these categories, most of them failed to provide all the information, especially for Q2 and Q3 that resulted in 23 and 21 papers, respectively. This study would have benefited from the analysis of further journals; however, the analysis of 293 articles from leading journals in the field of operations and SCM was deemed sufficient in scope. Moreover, this research has implications for researchers, journal editors, practitioners, universities and research institutions. It is likely to form the basis and motivation for profiling other database resources and specific operations and SCM-type journals in this area. This systematic literature review highlights a taxonomy of contextual factors driving and inhibiting SCI for researchers and SC practitioners to refer to while researching or implementing SCI. It also exemplifies some areas for future research, along with the need for researchers to focus on developing more practical techniques for implementing SCI and improving organisational performance. The prime value and uniqueness of this paper lies in analysing and compiling the existing published material in relation to Q1, Q2 and Q3, including examining other variables (such as yearly publications, geographic location of each publication, type of publication, type of research methods used), which lacks in the recent published five SCI literature review-based articles (by Kim, 2013; Leuschner et al., 2013; Alfalla-Luque et al., 2013; Parente et al., 2008; Fabbe-Costes and Jahre, 2007). This has been achieved by extracting and synthesising existing publications using “Supply Chain Integration” keyword. This paper provides a critique of the conceptual and empirical works in SCI discipline and offers research agendas that can stimulate future researchers to carefully explore the topic.

Yes / The blockchain has received significant attention from technology focussed researchers, highlighting its perceived impact and emerging disruption potential, but has been slow to engender any significant momentum within the Information Systems (IS) and Information Management (IM) literature. This study approaches the subject through an IS/IM lens developing the key themes from the blockchain based research via a comprehensive review. This analysis of the body of literature highlights that although few commercial grade blockchain applications currently exist, the technology demonstrates significant potential to benefit a number of industry wide use cases. This study expands on this point articulating through each of the key themes to develop a detailed narrative on the numerous potential blockchain applications and future direction of the technology, whilst discussing the many barriers to adoption. The study asserts that blockchain technology has the potential to contribute to a number of the UN Sustainability Development Goals and engender widespread change within a number of established industries and practices.

No / Electronic word of mouth (eWOM) significantly affects the consumer decision-making process. A number of studies investigated why consumers provide eWOM communications. Existing literature has contradicting factors regarding factors affect eWOM providing behaviour. This study aims to evaluate factors affecting eWOM providing behaviour by performing a systematic review and weight analysis of existing research outputs. Based on the result of weight analysis it was found that the best predictors of eWOM providing behaviour are involvement, self-enhancement, and trust in web eWOM services. Scholars can use the results of this study when making decisions regarding the inclusion of factors in their research. Practitioners can pay more attention to the best predictors.

Yes / In the broad sphere of Operations Management, Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM) is a significant area of interest for both academics and practitioners. As SCRM has transitioned from an emerging topic to a growing research area, there is a need to review existing literature in order to ascertain development in this area. There are many literature reviews on this topic, however, there is a lack of an extensive review using network analysis and meta-analysis within SCRM context including ripple effect. To address this gap, we performed a review of 2564 articles published in peer-reviewed academic journals from 1976 to December 2018. First, we apply a network analysis tool on 2564 articles and identify emerging research clusters. Second, to conduct meta-analysis, we collated empirical results from the studies identified. Of those 2564 articles, 42 studies were empirical in nature including 29 studies that used a range of different constructs with appropriate correlation values required for performing meta-analysis. Through this study, we contribute to the literature on SCRM by discussing the challenges of current research, but more importantly, by identifying and proposing five research clusters and future research directions. Finally, the paper acknowledges the theoretical contribution, the limitations of this study, and suggests further research directions.

Yes / The evolving field of disruptive technologies has recently gained significant interest in various industries, including agriculture. The fourth industrial revolution has reshaped the context of Agricultural Technology (AgriTech) with applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and a strong focus on data-driven analytical techniques. Motivated by the advances in AgriTech for agrarian operations, the study presents a state-of-the-art review of the research advances which are, evolving in a fast pace over the last decades (due to the disruptive potential of the technological context). Following a systematic literature approach, we develop a categorisation of the various types of AgriTech, as well as the associated AI-driven techniques which form the continuously shifting definition of AgriTech. The contribution primarily draws on the conceptualisation and awareness about AI-driven AgriTech context relevant to the agricultural operations for smart, efficient, and sustainable farming. The study provides a single normative reference for the definition, context and future directions of the field for further research towards the operational context of AgriTech. Our findings indicate that AgriTech research and the disruptive potential of AI in the agricultural sector are still in infancy in Operations Research. Through the systematic review, we also intend to inform a wide range of agricultural stakeholders (farmers, agripreneurs, scholars and practitioners) and to provide research agenda for a growing field with multiple potentialities for the future of the agricultural operations.

Yes / Social media plays an important part in the digital transformation of businesses. This research provides a comprehensive analysis of the use of social media by business-to-business (B2B) companies. The current study focuses on the number of aspects of social media such as the effect of social media, social media tools, social media use, adoption of social media use and its barriers, social media strategies, and measuring the effectiveness of use of social media. This research provides a valuable synthesis of the relevant literature on social media in B2B context by analysing, performing weight analysis and discussing the key findings from existing research on social media. The findings of this study can be used as an informative framework on social media for both, academic and practitioners.

Yes / The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Digital technologies (DT) is proliferating a profound socio-technical transformation. Governments and AI scholarship have endorsed key AI principles but lack direction at the implementation level. Through a systematic literature review of 59 papers, this paper contributes to the critical debate on the ethical use of AI in DTs beyond high-level AI principles. To our knowledge, this is the first paper that identifies 14 digital ethics implications for the use of AI in seven DT archetypes using a novel ontological framework (physical, cognitive, information, and governance). The paper presents key findings of the review and a conceptual model with twelve propositions highlighting the impact of digital ethics implications on societal impact, as moderated by DT archetypes and mediated by organisational impact. The implications of intelligibility, accountability, fairness, and autonomy (under the cognitive domain), and privacy (under the information domain) are the most widely discussed in our sample. Furthermore, ethical implications related to the governance domain are shown to be generally applicable for most DT archetypes. Implications under the physical domain are less prominent when it comes to AI diffusion with one exception (safety). The key findings and resulting conceptual model have academic and professional implications.