Disertacijoje analizuojama, kokiomis sąlygomis nematomi žymenys atlieka pagrindinę prekių ženklo funkciją, t.y. atskiria vieno asmens prekes ir paslaugas nuo kito asmens prekių ir paslaugų. Atsakant į šį klausimą aptariamos pagrindinės kvapo, skonio ir garso charakteristikos, išskiriamos pagrindinės kvapo, skonio ir garso žymenų rūšys, identifikuojami nematomų žymenų funkcionalumo aspektai, identifikuojami pagrindiniai konkurenciniai aspektai, analizuojami išeikvojimo doktrinos taikymo ypatumai nematomų prekių ženklų atžvilgiu. Taip pat disertacijoje analizuojama nematomo žymens galimybės būti pavaizduotam grafiškai problematika. Aptariama grafinio pavaizdavimo reikalavimo esmė, paskirtis ir vieta absoliučių reikalavimų prekių ženklui sistemoje, analizuojami atskirų tipų nematomų žymenų grafinio pavaizdavimo ypatumai, atskirai aptariant šiuo metu žinomus nematomų žymenų grafinio pavaizdavimo metodus: žodinį žymenų aprašymą, cheminę formulę, nematomų žymenų pavyzdžių (angl. specimen) tinkamumą, atvaizdą, kvapo diagramas, kvepalų radarą, muzikinę penklinę ir garso diagramas. / This dissertation investigates the conditions under which a non-visible sign performs the primary function of a trade mark, i.e. to distinguish the goods or services of one undertaking from those of other undertakings. To answer this question, the dissertation identifies the main characteristics of smell, taste, and sound, the main types of smell, taste and sound signs, the functionality of non-visible signs, the main competitive aspects, and the peculiarities applying the depletion doctrine with respect to non-visible signs. The dissertation deals with the capability of a non-visible sign to be represented graphically. It describes the essence, purpose and role of the graphical representation requirement in the array of absolute requirements for a trade mark, also analyses the peculiarities of representation of different types of non-visible signs, by focusing more on graphical representation methods known today, such as verbal description of signs, chemical formula, relevance of specimen of non-visible signs, image, diagrams of smell, perfume radar, musical staves, and diagrams of sound.

Divided into five chapters, the thesis analyzes the translation into French of Black English as represented in Mark Twain's novel Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The method, mainly text-oriented, that is to say turning away from the sociological approach, offers a semiotic reading of the text, both original and translated (Chapter 1). This semiotic approach considers the text as a significant mosaic. Thus, it brings out not only the motivation of the different textual elements, but also the coherence cementing them. The analysis of the original text (Chapter 2) shows that the subversive aesthetic and ideological function of Black English is provided by Jim's characterization and his discursive and narrative programs. William-Little Hughes's translation (1886), as well a Claire Laury's (1979) and Rene and Yolande Surleau's (1950), reverse the subversive project of the source-text through an organized system of textual transformations (additions, omissions, shifts) and produce a stereotyped version of Jim's character, his speech, also simplified and reduced, becoming the expression of this characterization (Chapter 3). Poles apart from these three texts, the French versions written by Suzanne Netillard (1948), Andre Bay (1961), Lucienne Molitor (1963), Jean La Graviere (1979) and Helene Costes (1980) display translation projects which reactivate the original system in which Jim had a multidimensional characterization (Chapter 4). Yet, despite the efficient options chosen by certain translators on the material level, Jim's speech in French does not convey a Black identity in the way Black English does in the original text. A modified and literary version of creolized French is suggested as a possible option for translating this sociolect (Chapter 5).

In this study I present the results of interviews conducted with thirty-four students in the School of Theology, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg. In the following eight chapters I have provided a description of the discourses and discourse communities in the School of Theology which have emerged from my analysis of the data collected from these interviews. These discourses fall into three categories: The primary discourse, which is the result of the students' socialisation within their family and the primary community structures of their childhood, the secondary discourse ensuing from their educational and denominational backgrounds and their relationships with their teachers and the hierarchy of their denominations and the tertiary discourse of critical biblical exegesis which they encounter in their studies in the School of Theology. The product of this encounter is a clash of discourses which challenges the students both academically, leading to poor academic performance on the part of many students, and spiritually, leading to such dire consequences as nervous breakdowns or the loss of faith and vocation. In describing this clash of discourses I include a plea for the management and staff of the School of Theology to provide both academic and spiritual support for the students' in their attempt to face and overcome the considerable challenges of studying in the School of Theology. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg,2001.

Abstract not available. / Thesis (M.Th.)-University of Durban-Westville, 1987.

Med utgångspunkt i George Lakoff och Mark Johnsons teori om den konceptuella metaforen analyseras i denna uppsats bildspråket i opionsjournalistiska texter som behandlar frågan om individualiserad föräldraförsäkring. Därtill anläggs med hjälp av Yvonne Hirdmans teori om genussystemet ett genuserspektiv, för att undersöka om metaforerna är könade och/eller reproducerar det binära könstänkandet. Materialet är hämtat från DN, Aftonbladet, Expressen och SvD under perioden januari 2010-novmeber 2013.

This study looked at the efficacy of using woodland caribou fecal pellets as a source of DNA to identify sampled animals and estimate population demographics. Fecal pellet samples were collected using systematic surveys of woodland caribou ranges in Jasper National Park, Alberta and the North Interlake region, Manitoba. Collection of pellet samples took place when snow was present to allow for tracking and location of caribou cratering areas and to obtain good quality DNA. DNA was amplified at ten polymorphic loci and one sex-specific primer. To estimate population size (N ̂) and population growth rate (λ), mark-recapture models were used. Model assumptions were evaluated and tested by stratifying available samples based on herd and gender information. In using the Mh (jackknife) model, the population sizes for south Jasper National Park were estimated at 125 animals in 2006-2007 (95% CI: 114, 143), 91 animals in 2007-2008 (95% CI: 83, 105) and 134 animals in 2008-2009 (95% CI: 123, 152); comparable to the mark-resight population estimates calculated over the same sampling periods. Genetic diversity indices for the different herds in Jasper National Park presented a lower genetic diversity for the smaller Maligne and Brazeau herds when compared to the larger Tonquin and A La Peche herds. Use of population assignment tests on samples collected in Jasper National Park indicated considerable admixture between the different herds despite earlier telemetry work demonstrating strong herd fidelity. The North Interlake population was estimated at 134 animals (95% CI: 122,151) in 2006-2007 and 106 animals (95% CI: 97, 121) in 2007-2008. Using data collected between 2005 and 2008, population growth rate for North Interlake was estimated at 0.83 (90% confidence interval: 0.65, 1.02). As a λ below 1 indicates a declining population, continue monitoring of the North Interlake herd is highly recommended. This studied clearly showed that the sampling of fecal DNA is a reliable and noninvasive alternative to monitoring woodland caribou population sizes and trends in the boreal and mountain regions.

Several parasites that require two or more hosts to complete their life cycles are known to manipulate host behaviour, enhancing their transmission to the next host. The intertidal snail, Littorina sitkana, is host to a diverse assemblage of parasites dominated by trematodes. Trematodes often use snails as first intermediate host and vertebrates as definitive host. Trematode infections can affect host behaviours such as dispersal and foraging. I identified four sites in Barkley Sound that varied in trematode prevalence and species richness. I measured dispersal of snails at these sites and in the laboratory to assess effects of trematode infection on behaviour. I measured feeding rate under laboratory conditions. Trematode effects lowered snail grazing activity at three of the four sites studied, suggesting trematode infection lowers feeding rate of L. sitkana, potentially affecting algal composition of the intertidal zone. Infected male snails travelled longer distances in some sites but shorter distances in others. There was an almost significant effect of trematode infection on vertical displacement of L. sitkana in the field. I estimated survival rates on each site through intensive capture-mark-recapture experiments. There was differential survival among sites, but no negative correlation between survival estimates and trematode prevalence. / Graduate / 0718 / 0329 / 0472 / mayala@uvic.ca

Seven Poems was written for a text in combination with live and recorded sounds. The sound sources used for the recorded portion of the composition came from Bb clarinet and male voice. The taped sound was processed with filters, amplifiers, modulators, reverberators, and various other signal modifiers to expand the timbral possibilities.The text that was used for this piece is a poem by Mark Strand written in 1970. This poem is divided into seven sections. Each of the sections has its own character, although all are related to the same idea - the separation of man from himself. / School of Music

This study looked at the efficacy of using woodland caribou fecal pellets as a source of DNA to identify sampled animals and estimate population demographics. Fecal pellet samples were collected using systematic surveys of woodland caribou ranges in Jasper National Park, Alberta and the North Interlake region, Manitoba. Collection of pellet samples took place when snow was present to allow for tracking and location of caribou cratering areas and to obtain good quality DNA. DNA was amplified at ten polymorphic loci and one sex-specific primer. To estimate population size (N ̂) and population growth rate (λ), mark-recapture models were used. Model assumptions were evaluated and tested by stratifying available samples based on herd and gender information. In using the Mh (jackknife) model, the population sizes for south Jasper National Park were estimated at 125 animals in 2006-2007 (95% CI: 114, 143), 91 animals in 2007-2008 (95% CI: 83, 105) and 134 animals in 2008-2009 (95% CI: 123, 152); comparable to the mark-resight population estimates calculated over the same sampling periods. Genetic diversity indices for the different herds in Jasper National Park presented a lower genetic diversity for the smaller Maligne and Brazeau herds when compared to the larger Tonquin and A La Peche herds. Use of population assignment tests on samples collected in Jasper National Park indicated considerable admixture between the different herds despite earlier telemetry work demonstrating strong herd fidelity. The North Interlake population was estimated at 134 animals (95% CI: 122,151) in 2006-2007 and 106 animals (95% CI: 97, 121) in 2007-2008. Using data collected between 2005 and 2008, population growth rate for North Interlake was estimated at 0.83 (90% confidence interval: 0.65, 1.02). As a λ below 1 indicates a declining population, continue monitoring of the North Interlake herd is highly recommended. This studied clearly showed that the sampling of fecal DNA is a reliable and noninvasive alternative to monitoring woodland caribou population sizes and trends in the boreal and mountain regions.

Abstract – Noblesse oblige: a roleplaying game During the 17th-century the Swedish nobility was forced to deal with a number of new challenges. They reached the height of their power, but also began their downfall. How did the nobility’s ideal come to be in the face of this? Can we in these ideals find the duties and obligations of the nobility? And if we can, how can a roleplaying game be made out of the historical facts? A roleplaying game meant for educational means, well suited for the classroom and teachers, capable of stimulating the young minds and offering them an in depth understanding of how the nobility’s minds moved. In this study it will show, with the help of a qualitative method along with the theory of Mark Edward Motley and a look at social sanctions from the time. We shall find that the nobility indeed held obligations and duties both.