Les systèmes reproducteurs déterminent comment le matériel génétique est transmis d’une génération à la suivante […]. Les espèces qui combinent de la reproduction sexuée et asexuée/clonale sont très répandues [… mais] l’effet de leur système reproducteur sur leur évolution reste énigmatique et discuté.L’objectif de cette thèse est de modéliser la dynamique des fréquences génotypiques d’une population avec une combinaison de reproduction sexuée et/ou clonale dans des cycles de vie principalement diploïdes [. … Un] modèle du type chaine de Markov avec temps et états discrets sert de base mathématique pour décrire [leurs] changements […] au cours du temps.Les résultats montrent que la reproduction partiellement asexuée peut en effet modifier la dynamique de la diversité génomique par rapport à une reproduction strictement sexuée ou strictement asexuée. […] L’histoire démographique a un rôle important pour les organismes partiellement clonaux et doit être prise en compte dans toute analyse […].Cette thèse fait des recommandations pour la collecte des données et une hypothèse de base pour l’interprétation des données de génétique/génomique […]. Ces résultats ont des retombées dans plusieurs domaines, allant de la recherche fondamentale […] à des applications en agriculture […], pêche […] et protection de la nature […]. / Reproductive systems determine how genetic material is passed from one generation to the next, making them an important factor for evolution. Organisms that combine sexual and asexual/clonal reproduction are very widespread [… yet] the effects of their reproductive system on their evolution are still controversial and poorly understood.The aim of this thesis was to model the dynamics of genotype frequencies under combined sexual/clonal reproduction in dominantly diploid life cycles [. … A] state and time discrete Markov chain model served as the mathematical basis to describe [their] changes […] through time.The results demonstrate that partial clonality may indeed change the dynamics of genomic diversity compared to either exclusively sexual or exclusively clonal populations. […] Time has a crucial role in partially clonal populations and needs to be taken into account in any analysis of their genomic diversity.This thesis provides recommendations for data collection and a null hypothesis for the interpretation of population genetic/genomic data […]. Moreover, it includes new methods for the analysis of genotype-based population genetic Markov chain models. These results have a high potential relevance in several areas, ranging from basic research […] to applications in agriculture […], fisheries […] and nature conservation […].

No description available.

A schema-based instruction allows students to approach a mathematics problem by focusing on the underlying semantic or problem structure, thus facilitating conceptual understanding and adequate skills. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of schema-based intervention on the mathematical word problem solving skills of middle school students with learning disabilities in grades 6 and 7. A nonconcurrent multiple baseline design was used for the study. Four middle school students with learning disabilities participated in pre-experimental (i.e., introduction, screening test, and Mathematics Interest Inventory sessions) and experimental (i.e., baseline, intervention, post-intervention test with generalization test, and maintenance test) sessions over a 13-week period. Participants were randomly assigned to a priori baseline durations (i.e., 6, 9, 12, 17 days) (Watson & Workman, 1981). During the intervention phase, students received 12 sessions of individual 30-35 minute schema-based intervention for 6 days (i.e., 2 sessions per day). Students participated in guided and independent practice and were encouraged to ask questions as they worked to master the material taught in each intervention session. During the postintervention phase, the four students’ accuracy performance was evaluated by six untimed achievement or generalization tests. The achievement and generalization tests contained a total of 10 one-step multiplication and division word problems. All of the students achieved scores greater than a pre-determined criterion level of 70% accuracy on the six consecutive tests. Two weeks after termination of the post intervention phase, each student’s accuracy performance on the achievement and generalization tests was examined during the follow-up maintenance phase. Findings revealed that the four students’ performance substantially improved after they received the intervention. All four students achieved scores that exceeded the criterion level (70% accuracy) on the achievement tests during the post intervention phase. These findings provide empirical evidence that schema-based intervention is effective in teaching middle school students with learning disabilities to solve multiplication and division word problems. Limitations of the research and implications for practice and future research are discussed. / text

Nous avons étudié le développement, la phénologie, la démographie et la diversité génétique de Cyperus esculentus (souchet comestible), espèce pérenne clonale invasive des cultures basses de Haute Lande, dans le sud-ouest français, afin de comprendre sa capacité colonisatrice et ainsi élaborer des propositions de gestion dans le cadre d'un système de lutte intégrée.<br />La capacité colonisatrice de C. esculentus dans les cultures de Haute Lande résulte (1) d'un développement végétatif important du système souterrain de l'espèce, associant exploration du milieu grâce aux rhizomes et multiplication grâce aux tubercules, les seuls organes qui permettent le passage de la mauvaise saison, (2) des pratiques culturales locales qui répondent à l'ensemble des besoins de l'espèce en eau (irrigation), en luminosité (cultures basses, de faible stature) et en l'absence d'espèces compétitrices (gestion efficace des autres adventices). Les analyses génétiques ont montré la faible diversité génétique et la structuration spatiale des populations échantillonnées. Nous avons pu mettre en évidence des phénomènes d'introductions multiples à partir d'une unique source, ainsi qu'une dispersion intra-régionale liée aux activités anthropiques de type agricole. Dans le contexte d'une gestion de l'espèce, la faible diversité génétique de C. esculentus permet de supposer une réponse homogène aux techniques de lutte envisagées et les modes de dispersion identifiés indiquent la nécessité d'une prophylaxie renforcée. Les analyses phénologiques et démographiques réalisées en terrain nu et sous couvert végétal et à différentes dates de levée ont permis de mettre en évidence la sensibilité de l'espèce à la compétition, surtout pour la lumière, et à un retard de levée : la production finale de tubercules est fortement réduite comparativement à une levée printanière classique en milieu ouvert. Cependant, en raison notamment des modifications de patrons d'allocation des ressources lorsque la levée est retardée, la tubérisation n'est jamais complètement éliminée par l'une ou l'autre de ces techniques et reste suffisante pour assurer le maintien sinon l'expansion de l'infestation.<br />L'ensemble des connaissances acquises au cours de ce travail nous a permis (1) de proposer un indicateur de développement afin de déclencher les interventions avant l'initiation de la tubérisation et (2) de modéliser le cycle de développement de C. esculentus afin de prévoir l'impact des itinéraires techniques à envisager pour lutter efficacement contre l'espèce.

Neste trabalho são apresentados os resultados obtidos no desenvolvimento de um sistema especificado para realizar testes na caracterização de dispositivos fotodetectores como fotodiodos de avalanche. O sistema de ensaios elaborado pretende auxiliar com na caracterização da fotodetecção em dispositivos de acoplamento de cargas com multiplicação de elétrons (EMCCD). O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o desempenho dos dispositivos fotodetectores para caracterizar os parâmetros mais significativos no processo da transdução óptica de modo a colaborar no projeto da eletrônica embarcada de controle e leitura da informação contida no EMCCD. A tecnologia da multiplicação dos elétrons em dispositivos CCD e diodos de avalanche têm aplicações importantes na vigilância de ambiente de luminosidade reduzida, astronomia, além de outras aplicações de imagens científicas incluindo as de baixo nível de bioluminescência para identificação de drogas e aplicações da engenharia genética. Para efeito de avaliação do desempenho do sistema fotodetector foi necessário desenvolver uma infra-estrutura para ter controle adequado da temperatura de operação do EMCCD. Foram nomeadas as opções com uma montagem de resfriamento com células Peltier e uma opção por criogenia resfriada com nitrogênio líquido. Os resultados obtidos são úteis na detecção de sinais luminosos ultrafracos minimizando o ruído do detector na aquisição de imagens com o auxilio da instrumentação de um filtro óptico sintonizável que será integrado no telescópio SOAR de 4 metros, instalado no Chile, para observações melhoradas com óptica adaptativa. / This work presents the results obtained in the development of a system specified to perform tests in the characterization of photo-detectors devices such as avalanche photodiodes. The test system is prepared to contribute to the characterization of the photo-detection in charge-coupled devices with electron multiplication (EMCCD). The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of photo-detectors devices to characterize the most significant parameters in the optic transduction in order to collaborate in the project of an embedded electronic system for controlling and reading the information contained with the EMCCD. The technology of the electron multiplication in CCD devices and avalanche diodes has important applications in monitoring the environment of low light, astronomy and other scientific imaging applications including the low level of bioluminescence for the identification of drugs and applications of genetic engineering. For purposes of assessing the performance of the photo-detector it was necessary to develop an infrastructure to have proper control of the operating temperature of the EMCCD. Options were named with a montage of Peltier cell cooling and a choice of cryogenically cooled with liquid nitrogen. The results are useful in the detection of ultra weak light signals while minimizing detector noise during the acquisition of images from instrument comprising an optical tunable filter, that will be integrated into SOAR 4 meters telescope, installed in Chile, for observations improved with adaptive optics.

Esta pesquisa foi dedicada a procurar nuances da construção do sentido de número no desenvolvimento e uso de estratégias de cálculo de adição e subtração. Tal procura se deu nas ações e práticas emergentes de interações no contexto de sala de aula dezessete aulas distribuídas ao longo de três meses durante as quais foram propostos jogos relacionados ao cálculo e às noções de número, além de problemas do campo aditivo presentes nos Cadernos de apoio e aprendizagem, material em uso na rede municipal de São Paulo. A análise das práticas matemáticas e interações em sala de aula teve como objetivos: a) procurar caminhos que pudessem levar a compreender em que medida o uso de certos procedimentos de cálculo favorece o desenvolvimento do sentido de número; b) discutir em que medida o aluno, ao comunicar seus procedimentos para o grupo, expressa conhecimentos sobre números e operações; e c) discutir as ações individuais como correlatas de aspectos sociais da microcultura da sala de aula e, ao mesmo tempo, a microcultura de sala de aula como um fenômeno emergente continuamente gerado pelas ações individuais (Cobb, Stephan, McClain e Gravemeijer, 2001). Da nossa incursão pelas teorizações de Cobb e outros, orientamos nossa análise pela via de três categorias prévias: 1) normas sociais e crenças dos alunos sobre o próprio papel, o papel do outro e a natureza geral da atividade matemática na escola; 2) normas sociomatemáticas e crenças e valores matemáticos e 3) práticas matemáticas e concepções e atividade matemática. Partindo dessa análise, procuramos discutir, em primeiro lugar, a ligação entre normas sociais, normas sociomatemáticas e práticas matemáticas como uma relação de estreita interdependência. Em segundo lugar, como a abordagem de conhecimentos procedimentais (aqui, estratégias de cálculo na adição e na subtração) pode colocar em pauta conhecimentos conceituais (aqui, a estrutura do sistema numérico). Por fim, refletimos as limitações do estudo em relação à promoção e análise do desenvolvimento do sentido de número dos alunos. Os resultados indicam que a consideração do trabalho em sala de aula sob a perspectiva emergente, analisando as ações dos alunos nos níveis das normas sociais, normas sociomatemáticas e práticas matemáticas pode guiar as intervenções do professor, favorecendo o foco em características específicas do conteúdo em pauta. Também sugerem que o trabalho com o objetivo de desenvolver o sentido de número dos alunos, que obviamente abarca a compreensão da estrutura do nosso sistema numérico, deve perpassar o trabalho de matemática ao longo de todo o ensino fundamental. / This research was dedicated to looking for nuances in the sense of number construction in the development and use of adding and subtracting calculation strategies. Such search happened based on actions and practices emerging from interactions in the classroom context seventeen classes distributed in the period of three months during which games related to calculation and to number notion were proposed, as well as addictive problems present in the Cadernos de apoio e aprendizagem [Support and learning notebooks], material in use at São Paulo City public schools. The analysis of mathematical practices and classroom interactions aimed at: a) looking for ways that could lead to understanding in which measure the use of certain calculation procedures favored the development of the sense of number; b) discussing in which measure the students, when communicating their procedures to the group, express knowledge about numbers and operations; and c) discussing individual actions as related to the classroom micro culture social aspects and, at the same time, classroom micro culture as an emerging phenomenon continually generated by individual actions (Cobb, Stephan, McClain e Gravemeijer, 2001). From our incursions into Cobbs and others theories, we oriented our analysis via three previous categories: 1) social norms and students beliefs about his/hers own roles, the roles of the others and the general nature of mathematical activity in the school; 2) socio mathematical norms and mathematical beliefs and values and 3) mathematical practices and conceptions and mathematical activity. Starting from this analysis, we tried to discuss, firstly, the link referring to social norms, socio mathematical norms and mathematical practices as a closely interdependent relation. Secondly, how the approach to procedure knowledge (in this case, adding and subtracting calculation strategies) can put on the agenda conceptual knowledge (in this case, numeric system structure). Lastly, we reflected the limitations of the study relating to the promotion and analysis of the development of the students sense of number. The results indicate that considering the classroom work by the emerging perspective, analyzing the students actions at the level of social norms, socio mathematical norms and mathematical practices can guide teachers interventions, favoring the focus on specific characteristics of the content on the agenda. They also suggest that the work aiming at the development of the students sense of number, which obviously comprehends the understanding of our numeric system structure, should pervade mathematical work throughout all primary and junior high school teaching.

O presente trabalho é fruto de um percurso teórico que teve como objetivo buscar aproximações e realizar um diálogo entre Construtivismo Semiótico-Cultural e Esquizoanálise. Fazendo uso da noção de multiplicação dialógica, Guimarães (2010), verifiquei a possibilidade de acessar o campo intensivo/relacional denominado empirismo radical pelo campo do construtivista semiótico-cultural em Psicologia, e plano de imanência pelo campo esquizoanalítico. Ao fazê-lo, busquei viabilizar um diálogo a partir de uma tênue superfície de contato entre os diferentes campos de conhecimento. As noções de sistema semiaberto e rizoma e seu funcionamento em rede foram os propulsores desta pesquisa. Parti do dialogismo teórico-metodológico desenvolvido Marková (2003) colocando Construtivismo Semiótico-Cultural, Esquizoanálise e pesquisador nas posições de Ego-Alter-Objeto, respectivamente. Tal proposta direcionava-se para um árduo trabalho de construção de uma ponte entre os distintos posicionamentos de cada campo de conhecimento. Por outro lado fiz uma opção metodológica que permitisse buscar regiões de tensão entre as áreas sem a intensão de construir uma ponte entre elas. Tomando a metáfora trazida por Bruno Latour (2008), segundo a qual processos de construção de conhecimento podem se assemelhar ao trânsito sobre um rio, elaborei uma explanação sobre os campos de conhecimento. Uma das margens do rio correspondeu ao Construtivismo Semiótico-Cultural em Psicologia, e a outra margem à Esquizoanálise. Na primeira das margens, busquei apresentar dimensões da especificidade humana do Construtivismo Semiótico-Cultural nos campos dos construtivismos em psicologia explorando as noções de sistema semiaberto, self, subjetividade, cultura e construção social da realidade. Na segunda margem, me dirigi para as noções da filosofia da diferença, rizoma e subjetividade como multiplicidade. Adicionalmente explorei filósofos historicamente abordados por cada uma das margens, Leibniz, Hume, Bergson, para em seguida encontrar uma superfície de contato, que identifiquei como empirismo radical, construtivismo, e como plano de imanência, Esquizoanálise. A superfície de contato identificada possui como característica ser um campo relacional pré-pessoal que cria realidade por meio do entrelaçamento dos mais diversos elementos e de onde emergem as várias possibilidades de subjetividade e de mundo. A característica de entrelaçamento, como um tear que produz um tecido é encontrada tanto no pensamento de James, uma das bases do Construtivismo Semiótico-Cultural, como nas proposições de Deleuze e Guattari fundadores da Esquizoanálise. Encontrar essa superfície possibilitou a conclusão deste trabalho, embora considere que maiores aprofundamentos possam ser feitos no futuro, articulando outros aspectos histórico-filosóficos pertencentes a ambas as áreas de conhecimento e suas implicações para o avanço da noção de multiplicação dialógica, dentre outras noções fundamentais no campo da psicologia cultural / This work is the result of a theoretical course which aimed to seek approaches and achieve a dialogue between Semiotic-Cultural Constuctivism and Schizoanalysis. Making use of the notion of dialogic multiplication, Guimarães (2010) checked the possibility to access intensive / relational field called radical empiricism by the field of cultural-semiotic constructivism in psychology and immanence plane by equizoanalitic field. In doing so, I sought facilitate a dialogue from a tenuous contact surface between the different fields of knowledge. The notions of open ended system and rhizome and yours networking were the thrusters of this research. Go away from theorical-methodological dialogismo developed by Marková (2003) putting Semiotic-Cultural Constructivism, Schizoanalysis and researcher in positions Ego-Alter-Object respectively. Such a proposal directed to hard work of building a bridge between the different positions of each field of knowledge. On the other hand made a methodological option that allows searching regions of tension between the areas without the intention to build a bridge between them. Taking the metaphor brought by Bruno Latour (2008), whereby processes of knowledge building may resemble traffic over a river, elaborated an explanation of the fields of knowledge. A river banks corresponded to Semiotic-Cultural Constructivism in Psychology, and the other side to Schizoanalysis. At first the banks, sought to present dimensions of human specificity of Constructivist Semiotic-Cultural Constructivism in constructivism fields of psychology exploring the notions of openended system, self, subjectivity, culture and social construction of reality. In the second bank, I headed to the notions of philosophy of difference, rhizome and subjectivity as multiplicity Additionally philosophers explored historically addressed by each of the banks, Leibniz, Hume, Bergson, to then find a contact surface, which identified as radical empiricism, constructivism, and as the plane of immanence, Schizoanalysis. The surface contact has identified as being characteristic of a pre-personal relational field that creates reality through the interweaving of diverse elements which emerge and the various possibilities of subjectivity and world. The feature of entanglement, as a loom which produces a tissue is found both in the thought of James, one of the bases of Semiotic-Cultural Constructivism, as the propositions of Deleuze and Guattari founders of Schizoanalysis. Find the surface enabled the completion of this work, but believes that further insights can be made in the future, articulating other historical and philosophical aspects pertaining to both areas of knowledge and its implications for the development of the notion of dialogic multiplication, among other fundamental notions in field of psychology culture

Au cours des prochaines décennies, les besoins en bois vont entraîner une pression considérable sur la production forestière. Pour le Douglas (Pseudotsuga menziesii), deuxième essence utilisée pour le reboisement des forêts françaises, le développement et la diffusion de variétés améliorées par sélection classique est lente. Chez les conifères l’embryogenèse somatique, méthode de multiplication végétative la plus performante, a été développée avec succès. Cependant elle n’est obtenue à ce jour qu’à partir de matériel juvénile (graines) malgré les nombreux travaux engagés. Les objectifs de ce travail de thèse ont été de 1) caractériser à différentes échelles l’aptitude à l’embryogenèse somatique en comparant des masses embryogènes (ME) et des cals non-embryogènes (NE) isogéniques, 2) caractériser les marqueurs responsables de la variation du potentiel embryogène en comparant aux niveaux cellulaire et moléculaire, les ME primaires à des ME secondaires et tertiaires obtenues lors de la ré initiation de l’embryogenèse somatique à partir d’ES cotylédonaires. 1) Pour le premier objectif, nous avons rapproché des données de protéomique et de transcriptomique, que nous avons complétées par des observations biologiques (potentiel embryogène), histologiques, et biochimiques (teneur en eau, glucides, régulateurs de croissance). Nous avons observé chez les ME une surexpression des marqueurs impliqués dans la différenciation (hormones, facteurs de transcription) et la division cellulaire (évènements de mitose, teneur en glucides, information génétique). Nous avons retrouvé certains facteurs de transcription marqueurs de l’embryogenèse somatique : WOX, LEC1, SERK1, BBM. En comparaison, les NE sont caractérisés par la réponse aux stimuli (ABA, phénols, protection contre les ROS), mais aussi par le stockage de réserves carbonées (amidon). 2) Le potentiel embryogène des ME secondaires et tertiaires augmente significativement. Au niveau cellulaire, cela se traduit par une amélioration de la structuration des ES (diminution de centres polyembryogènes au profit d’ES isolés). Le rapprochement des données de protéomique et de transcriptomique ont mis en évidence que lors de cette reprogrammation cellulaire il y a surexpression du métabolisme des protéines, oxydatif, et hormonal. La présence de facteurs de transcription associés à la maturation de l’ES (WRKY, NAC, ARF, ERF et MYB) surexprimés précocement pourrait aussi être une caractéristique ciblant un plus fort potentiel embryogène chez le Douglas. Nos résultats contribuent à une meilleure compréhension de l’aptitude à l’embryogenèse somatique du Douglas. Ils pourraient permettre in fine d’initier l’embryogenèse somatique à partir de matériel âgé. / Résumé anglais non communiqué

Este trabalho aborda, em uma visão de conjunto, as prisões realizadas pelo Tribunal do Santo Ofício da Inquisição Portuguesa contra doze cristãos-novos pertencentes à linhagem familiar dos Calaças, acusados de observarem a religião judaica. Por meio da reconstituição das trajetórias dos réus inseridos neste tronco parental, analisa-se a perseguição inquisitorial contra o grupo a partir de dois pressupostos: o desmantelamento dos laços familiares e os variados graus de vinculação à tradição sefardita. Os cenários da trama histórica são a cidade portuguesa de Elvas, em meados do século XVII, e o Rio de Janeiro no início do século XVIII, as duas ocasiões em que os Calaças são enviados aos cárceres do tribunal da fé, em meio a ondas de prisões que superam seu universo familiar. A tese pretende contribuir para a compreensão dos laços que uniam os cristãos-novos entre si e os limites da solidez desses vínculos, tomando como ponto de partida a perspectiva familiar. São privilegiadas as fontes inquisitoriais, em especial os processos contra os Calaças encarcerados, além de outros documentos produzidos no âmbito do tribunal da fé. Contudo, empregam-se também fontes primárias externas à instituição, como textos coevos críticos à limpeza de sangue, registros notariais e legislações, de modo a estender o horizonte analítico da pesquisa. / This paper addresses, in an overview, the arrests carried out by the Court of the Holy Office of the Portuguese Inquisition against twelve new Christians belonging to the family lineage of Calaças, charged with observing the Jewish religion. Through the reconstitution of the trajectories of the defendants inserted into this parental trunk, we analyze the inquisitorial persecution against the group from two assumptions: the dismantling of family ties and the varying degrees of Sephardic tradition binding. The historical plot scenarios are the Portuguese city of Elvas, in the mid-17th century, and Rio de Janeiro in the early 18th century, the two occasions when the Calaças are sent to prisons of Tribunal of the Faith, amid the waves of arrests that exceed the family universe. The thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of the ties that bound the new Christians and the limits of strength of these bonds, taking as a starting point the familiar perspective. The inquisitorial sources are privileged, in particular, the lawsuits against Calaças imprisoned, as well as other documents produced in the context of Tribunal of the Faith. However, we also employ primary sources external to the institution, such as coeval critical texts to cleaning of blood, notarial records and laws, so as to extend the horizon of analytical research.

Identity based cryptography was first proposed by Shamir in 1984. Rather than deriving a public key from private information, which would be the case in traditional public key encryption schemes, in identity based schemes a user's identity plays the role of the public key. This reduces the amount of computations required for authentication, and simplifies key-management. Efficient and strong implementations of identity based schemes are based around easily computable bilinear mappings of two points on an elliptic curve onto a multiplicative subgroup of a field, also called pairing. The idea of utilizing the identity of the user simplifies the public key infrastructure. However, since pairing computations are expensive for both area and timing, the proposed identity based cryptosystem are hard to implement. In order to be able to efficiently utilize the idea of identity based cryptography, there is a strong need for an efficient pairing implementations. Pairing computations could be realized in multiple fields. Since the main building block and the bottleneck of the algorithm is multiplication, we focused our research on building a fast and small arithmetic core that can work on multiple fields. This would allow a single piece of hardware to realize a wide spectrum of cryptographic algorithms, including pairings, with minimal amount of software coding. We present a novel unified core design which is extended to realize Montgomery multiplication in the fields GF(2^n), GF(3^m), and GF(p). Our unified design supports RSA and elliptic curve schemes, as well as identity based encryption which requires a pairing computation on an elliptic curve. The architecture is pipelined and is highly scalable. The unified core utilizes the redundant signed digit representation to reduce the critical path delay. While the carry-save representation used in classical unified architectures is only good for addition and multiplication operations, the redundant signed digit representation also facilitates efficient computation of comparison and subtraction operations besides addition and multiplication. Thus, there is no need for transformation between the redundant and non-redundant representations of field elements, which would be required in classical unified architectures to realize the subtraction and comparison operations. We also quantify the benefits of unified architectures in terms of area and critical path delay. We provide detailed implementation results. The metric shows that the new unified architecture provides an improvement over a hypothetical non-unified architecture of at least 24.88 % while the improvement over a classical unified architecture is at least 32.07 %. Until recently there has been no work covering the security of pairing based cryptographic hardware in the presence of side-channel attacks, despite their apparent suitability for identity-aware personal security devices, such as smart cards. We present a novel non-linear error coding framework which incorporates strong adversarial fault detection capabilities into identity based encryption schemes built using Tate pairing computations. The presented algorithms provide quantifiable resilience in a well defined strong attacker model. Given the emergence of fault attacks as a serious threat to pairing based cryptography, the proposed technique solves a key problem when incorporated into software and hardware implementations. In this dissertation, we also present an efficient accelerator for computing the Tate Pairing in characteristic 3, based on the Modified Duursma Lee algorithm.