Bakgrund: Sponsring är en väsentlig del för företag och ett sätt för dem att nå ut till sina konsumenter genom varumärkesexponering. Genom idrottssponsring har företag därmed möjligheten att bemöta en större publik under en längre period. Det som styr kostnaden för sponsring bygger på den nivå av mediebevakning som den sponsrade enheten besitter. Problematiken bygger påen kunskapslucka där forskning inte har studerat SMEs sponsring i större utsträckning. Syfte: Syftet är att undersöka sponsring av av elitidrott, för att urskilja vilken nivå av dessa som ger SMEs största mängd exponering i förhållande till sponsringsinvesteringen. Teori: De teorier som används och presenteras är utgångspunkter och centrala begrepp inom ämnesområdet sponsring som ska bidra till att förstå och analysera materialet. Metod: Studien har formats utifrån en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer där val av studieobjekt utgått från ett mål och kriteriestyrt urval. Slutsats: Sponsring av lägre mediebevakad elitidrott ger SMEs större mängd exponering i förhållande till sponsringsinvestering än vad högre mediebevakad elitidrott. / Background: Sponsorship is an essential part for businesses and a way for them to reach out to their consumers through brand exposure. Through sports sponsorship, companies thus have the opportunity to meet a larger audience for a longer period. What governs the cost of sponsorship is based on the level of media coverage the sponsored entity possesses. The problem is based on a knowledge gap where research has not studied SME sponsorship to agreater extent. Purpose: The aim is to investigate the sponsorship of elite sports, to discern which level of these gives SMEs the greatest amount of exposure in relation to the sponsorship investment. Theory: The theories that are used and presented are starting points and central concepts in the subject area of sponsorship that should contribute to understanding and analyzing the material. Method: The study has been designed based on a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews where the choice of study object was based on a goal and criteria-driven selection. Conclusion: Sponsorship of elite sports with lower media coverage gives SMEs greater amount of exposure in relation to sponsorship investment than elite sports with higher media coverage

This thesis provides a systematic literature review in order to accumulate and analyze previous research concerning the role of mass media's coverage of mass shootings in regards to copycats. Previous research indicates mass shootings are crimes where perpetrators take inspiration from one another and subsequently imitate each other. The purpose of this study is to review previous research on this contagion phenomenon to distinguish if there is a correlation between media coverage of mass shooters and copycats based on empirical data. In order to obtain scientifically accurate conclusions to the research questions and the purpose of this thesis, a systematic literature review method has been implemented. The result shows that previous research indicates that there is a correlation between the mass media's coverage of mass shootings and acts of copycats. There are studies presented in this thesis that conclude that some mass shooters openly confess to seeking fame by carrying out a mass shooting and that they receive as much or more media coverage than household celebrities at the time of the shootings. This thesis also concludes that there is evidence to support that after the occurrence of a mass shooting there is an average increase in the probability that another mass shooting takes place within the following 12 days. These findings support identified statistical trends in previous research in the field.  In conclusion, it is of most importance that the media reports responsibly on mass shootings since the implications of the detailed description of events, modus operandi, the firearm used and the amount of news coverage of mass shootings contribute to copycat mass shootings. Keywords: mass shootings, contagion, imitation, copycat, media coverage, fame seeking, mass media

The threat of lone offenders is a growing problem in Sweden and the world. In this study, three major Swedish newspapers have been selected and analyzed based on their portrayal of a lone wolf perpetrator: Theodor Engström, the man behind the knife murder of the psychiatry coordinator Ing-Marie Wieselgren during the political week in Almedalen, 2022. Using critical discourse analysis, we found a discursive construction of Engström as an extremist, terror suspect and mentally ill. We also found that these constructions emerged at different times during the course of the reporting from the first day of the attack until the end of the trials. This contributed to a complex and diverse representation of Engström and an indication of a creative discursive practice in the media news discourse. The analysis also revealed the distribution of discourses in terms of who was allowed to speak and from which perspectives Engström is presented. The results showed that the majority of all statements and claims were made by authoritarian voices in society or presented as objective truths. Thus, we also found an assumption that unjust power structures and dominance relations are reproduced in the media news discourse. The analysis also showed that the articles predominantly focused on the specific event and the individual Engström and made little reference to other individuals, events or situations. This can be interpreted to mean that the media news discourse is dominated by one perspective and that societal problems are individualized rather than placed in a broader social context. In the analysis of the social practice, the relationship between the discursive practice and theories of stigma was examined. The results showed that the representations of Engström as responsible for the act can lead to stigmatization and that this in turn can also contribute to an individualization of social problems. The result also showed that the relationship between the text, the discursive practice and the social practice both shapes and is shaped by stigma and that this can have consequences in the form of perpetuating and reproducing stereotypical ideas about different individuals and groups. / Hotet från ensamagerande gärningspersoner är en växande problematik i Sverige och världen. I den här studien har tre stora svenska tidningar har valts ut och analyserats utifrån hur de framställt en enensamagerande gärningsman: Theodor Engström, mannen bakom knivmordet på psykiatrisamordnaren Ing-Marie Wieselgren under politikerveckan i Almedalen, 2022. Med hjälp av kritisk diskursanalys fann vi en diskursiv konstruktion av Engström som extremist, terrormisstänkt och psykiskt sjuk. Vi fann också att dessa konstruktioner framkom vid olika tidpunkter under rapporteringens gång från dådets första dag fram till att rättegångarna avslutats. Detta bidrog till en komplex och mångsidig framställning av Engström och en indikation på en kreativ diskursivpraktik i den mediala nyhetsdiskursen. Av analysen framkom också hur fördelningen av diskurser sett ut i form av vilka som fått uttala sig och från vilka perspektiv som Engström framställs utifrån. Resultatet visade att majoriteten av alla yttringar och påståenden uttalats av auktoritära röster i samhället eller framställts som objektiva sanningar. Därmed fann vi också ett förmodande om att orättvisa maktordningar och dominansrelationer reproduceras i mediala nyhetsdiskursen. Analysen visade även att artiklarna övervägande fokuserade på den specifika händelsen och individen Engström och i låg grad refererade till andra individer, händelser eller situationer. Detta kan tolkas som att den mediala nyhetsdiskursen domineras av ett perspektiv samt att samhällsproblem individualiseras snarare än att sättas i en bredare social kontext. I analysen av den sociala praktiken undersöktes relationen mellan den diskursiva praktiken och teorier om stigma. Resultatet visade att framställningarna av Engström som ansvarig för dådet kan leda till stigmatisering och att detta i sin tur också är något som kan bidra till en individualisering av sociala problem. Resultatet visade även att förhållandet mellan texten, den diskursiva praktiken och den sociala praktiken både formar och formas av stigma och att detta kan få konsekvenser i form av att stereotypiska föreställningar om olika individer och grupper befästes och reproduceras.

The current study conducted a content analysis of newspaper articles in a Florida newspaper, the Orlando Sentinel. The study spanned across a five-year time period from 2004-2009, featuring 198 articles on domestic violence homicide. The current study is a replication of previous research conducted using the same newspaper during 1995-2000. Victim blame, tone, and descriptions of the perpetrator and victim were among several items of interest. Findings reveal a slight increase in victim blaming statements and a larger increase in positive portrayals of the victims of domestic violence homicide.

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<p><strong><strong><p>This thesis has its focus</p>on media portrayal of a large political institution; the European Union. Articles from two nations daily newspapers have been analyzed in order to examine how the European Union is described and framed for their readers. The newspapers that was chosen for this study and from which the material was collected, were the Swedish newspaper <em><em>Svenska Dagbladet </em></em>the American newspaper <em><em>The New York Times</em></em>. The material was taken from three periods of time, and by this the results did not only serve a presentiment on how the media reports about the subject, but also an idea over the media’s coverage character over time. Also, by analyzing articles from newspapers from different countries, the material could give an answer to whether there is any difference in media reporting and coverage about the European Union over nation borders. </strong></strong></p><p>Theories that have been under observation for this study, and which have functioned as tools for the analyzing process are: the agenda-setting theory, media ideology, framing, media logic and political communication. Further inspirations that have been under consideration and of values through the development of this thesis are thoughts from the modern theorist Jürgen Habermas, and earlier studies that have been made on the subject in matter, for example ones by Lars Palm and Vanni Tjernström.</p><p>Results from this study showed that there were differences between the two nations way of reporting about the subject, and also that changes over time have occurred. Mostly, it was the Swedish news reporting that showed evident change over the three investigated periods. This can be explained by the countries over all changed relationship towards the European Union. Further did results from this study show that the American articles included more actors and subjects, compared to the Swedish articles. This can be a factor of the American articles longer character.</p>

L’évaluation des résultats des élèves français à l’épreuve écrite de philosophie de l’examen du baccalauréat établit chaque année une moyenne générale tournant autour de huit. Que révèlent ces résultats ? Comment convient-il de les analyser ? Que signifient-ils par rapport au mode d’apprentissage des élèves et, corrélativement, par rapport au mode d’enseignement ? Nous avons voulu vérifier dans notre question de recherche si l’accompagnement de l’apprentissage du philosopher des élèves de classes terminales pouvait changer la donne dans l’appropriation du philosopher. Quatre hypothèses majeures, en lien étroit avec la théorisation développé par Lev Vygotski sur les fonctions psychiques, ont conduit notre recherche, à savoir que la maîtrise des processus psychiques, la conscientisation en zone de développement proche, le travail collaboratif et l’intervention de la volonté contribuaient en synergie à favoriser l’appropriation du philosopher. Nous avons donc mis à l’épreuve ces quatre hypothèses à partir de la mise en place et de l’analyse de situations dites médiatisantes, parce que censées stimuler le travail de médiatisation des élèves à partir d’outils–instruments psychologiques spécifiques. / The evaluation of the results of French the written part of the examination of undergraduate philosophy students each year an average general is revolving around eight. What do these results? How should we analyze? What does it mean about the mode of learning of students and, correlatively, the mode of instruction? We wanted to check in our issue of research if the mentoring of learning of philosophizing of the Terminal classes’ students could make a difference in the ownership of philosophizing. Four major hypotheses, link close with theorizing developed by Lev Vygotsky on the functions psychic, led our research, namely control of mental processes, awareness in zone close development, collaborative work and intervention of will contribute synergistically to promote ownership of philosophizing. Therefore, we have tested these four hypotheses to starting from the establishment and analysis of situations known mediatisantes, because that meant to stimulate the work of media coverage of specific students from psychological tools-instruments.