Effective knowledge sharing within project teams is critical to knowledge-intensive professional service firms. Prior research studies indicate a positive association between trust, social-cognitive factors, and effective knowledge sharing among co-workers. The conceptual framework proposed here builds on these studies, and draws from theoretical foundations from the organizational behavior, psychology, information studies, sociology, and management literature on organizational trust and knowledge sharing, and identifies the most significant factors found to influence organizational knowledge sharing directly and indirectly through trust. The study makes methodological contributions in the form of conceptualizations for knowledge sharing behavior, trust, and tie strength. Also, it provides a more nuanced and focused analysis, by factoring for knowledge type and co-worker working relationship. Data were collected from 275 knowledge workers (‘legal professionals’ and paralegals) engaged in shared legal project work, at one of Canada’s largest multijurisdictional law firms. The nature of their work required a significant reliance on co-workers, for both explicit and tacit knowledge. Multiple regression analysis, among other statistical techniques, was used to test the hypotheses and determine significant relationships. Of the factors examined in the study, the three found to have the strongest effect on respondents’ trust in their co-workers were shared vision, shared language, and tie strength. Furthermore, the two factors found to have the strongest effect on organizational knowledge sharing behavior were trust and shared vision. Overall trust was also found to have a mediating effect between shared vision and knowledge sharing behavior, and between shared language and knowledge sharing behavior. A significant implication for practitioners is that effective knowledge sharing among co-workers requires a nurturing manager to work on developing co-worker trust and shared vision. Furthermore, a manager wanting to promote trust between co-workers must nurture shared language and shared vision.

This study examines the rise, development, and crisis of theological encyclopaedia in nineteenth-century Germany. As introductory textbooks for theological study in the university, works of theological encyclopaedia addressed the pressing questions facing theology as a ‘science’ (Wissenschaft), a rigorous, critical discipline deserving of a seat in the modern university. The project of theological encyclopaedia, I argue, functioned as the place where theological reflection and the requirements of the institutional setting in which that reflection occurred—here the German university—converged. I explore its roots as a pioneering idealist model for organizing knowledge in the German university system in the late eighteenth century. I focus especially on Friedrich Schleiermacher (1768–1834), the father of modern Protestantism and principal intellectual architect of the University of Berlin (1810). Schleiermacher’s programme transformed the scholarly theological enterprise into one defined in terms of science. That transformation laid the groundwork for the later historicization of theology, which I investigate in the two predominant ‘schools’ of German university theology in the middle of the nineteenth century, the Hegelian ‘speculative’ school and ‘mediating theology’ (Vermittlungstheologie). Among the latter, I emphasize the remarkable international influence of the Swiss-German Karl Hagenbach (1801–74), whose theological encyclopaedia was among the most widely read theological books in German-speaking Europe from the 1830s through World War I. Finally, I analyze the project’s downfall in the context of Wilhelmine Germany and the Weimar Republic, beset by radical disciplinary specialization, a crisis of historicism, and the attacks of dialectical theology. Throughout, I contend that theological encyclopaedia represented the institutionalization of the idea of theology as science, which furnishes an explanatory grid for understanding the relationship between theology and the university. The project resulted in a powerful synthesis that fundamentally shaped the reigning theological paradigms in nineteenth-century Germany and beyond.

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[pt] Esta tese analisa a atuação dos irmãos José Condé (1917-1971), João Condé (1912-1996) e Elysio Condé (1906-1992) na sociabilidade intelectual brasileira. Nos diversos suportes midiáticos em que desenvolveram as suas atividades intelectuais, os irmãos Condé foram reconhecidos como homens de letras por seus pares e pela comunidade leitora da época. João, José e Elysio atuaram como editores de colunas e seções do Jornal de Letras (JL). Além da atuação no JL que abordaremos a fundo ao longo da tese, João foi editor de livros e se destacou como jornalista literário com os seus Arquivos Implacáveis; José foi romancista, crítico literário e cronista e Elysio, embora médico, destacou-se sobretudo como empresário de imprensa – sua atuação viabilizou a longa vida do periódico. Na qualidade de letrados, assumiram distintas funções no mundo literário, no mercado editorial do período e na difusão de bens culturais. Funções que eles exerceram como mediadores entre o mundo letrado dos autores e o público-leitor, divulgando conhecimentos literários e culturais, de modo geral, e no caso do JL por meio da imprensa. Portanto, este trabalho objetivou evidenciar a interlocução e a significativa rede intelectual que os irmãos Condé desenvolveram a partir de suas atividades e de seus projetos em comum. Nesse sentido, a imprensa ocupa lugar singular nesta tese, como objeto analisado em sua historicidade. Por meio dela os irmãos Condé deixaram vestígios de suas atuações, indispensáveis para a compreensão das Histórias da Imprensa e Literatura Brasileiras da segunda metade do século XX. A simbiose com os agentes em questão, produtores desse mundo impresso, reserva à imprensa lugar na produção e na alteração de sentido, bem como na transformação daquela sociedade. / [en] This thesis analyzes the performance of the brothers José Condé (1917-1971), João Condé (1912-1996) and Elysio Condé (1906-1992) in intellectual sociability Brazilian. In the different media supports in which they developed their intellectual activities, the Condé brothers were recognized asmen of letters by his peers and the reading community of the time. João, José and Elysio acted as editors of columns and sections of the Jornal de Letras (JL). In addition to his work at JL, which we will discuss in depth throughout this thesis, João was a book editor and stood out as a literary journalist with his Arquivos Implacáveis; José was a novelist, literary critic, and columnist and Elysio, although a physician, stood out above all as a press entrepreneur – his work made the periodical s long life possible. As scholars, they took on different functions in the literary world, in the publishing market of the period and in the dissemination of cultural goods. Functions they performed as mediators between the literate world of the authors and the readership, disseminating literary and cultural knowledge in general, and in the case of JL through the press. Therefore, this work aimed to highlight the interlocution and the significant intellectual network that the Condé brothers developed from their activities and their common projects. In this sense, the press occupies a unique place in this thesis, as an object analyzed in its historicity. Through it, the Condé brothers left traces of their actions, essential for understanding the Histories of the Brazilian Press and Literature of the second half of the 20th century. The symbiosis with the agents in question, producers of this printed world, reserves a place for the press in the production and alteration of meaning, as well as in the transformation of that society.

Bibliography: leaves 441-459 / The shepherd metaphor is a prominent and significant one in the Old Testament. However, it has shifted from an agrarian context, of shepherd and sheep in the literal sense, to a socio-political context, of rulers and people in the political sense: a king is a shepherd to the people. A careful review of the given metaphor raises the question whether the metaphor should be the basis of the pastoral and leadership models that are derived from the image of the shepherd, and whether such models can be enriched by the analysis of the said metaphor as applied to the implementation of the shepherding responsibility described in the Old Testament. This research aims to examine various pastoral and leadership models and their use of the shepherd metaphor in the light of the significance of the said metaphor in the Old Testament. It utilises rhetorical criticism in consultation with metaphorical theory to examine the given metaphor used in the models of pastoral and leadership roles and their relationship with the shepherd metaphor in the New Testament. The objective is threefold: (1) exploring the use of the shepherd metaphor in the Old Testament; (2) examining the use of the shepherd metaphor in pastoral and leadership models, which could include pointing out that some of these models rely heavily on their understanding of New Testament uses of this metaphor; and (3) comparing the Old Testament and pastoral/leadership models’ uses of the shepherd metaphor and drawing conclusions based on this comparison. To achieve that end, the discussion also includes the ancient Near Eastern literature and deuterocanonical texts. The thesis shows that a careful analysis of the uses of the shepherd metaphor in the Old Testament could enrich the literature on Christian leadership as well as pastoral models that use this metaphor as their point of departure. / Old Testament and Ancient Near Eastern Studies / D. Phil. (Old Testament)