In the emerging Web of Data, publishing stable and unique identifiers promises great potential in using the web as common platform to discover and enrich data in the ecologic sciences. With our collaborative e-Science platform “BEFdata”, we generated and published unique identifiers for the data repository of the Biodiversity – Ecosystem Functioning Research Unit of the German Research Foundation (BEF-China; DFG: FOR 891). We linked part of the identifiers to two external data providers, thus creating a virtual common platform including several ecological repositories. We used the Global Biodiversity Facility (GBIF) as well the International Plant Name Index (IPNI) to enrich the data from our own field observations. We conclude in discussing other potential providers for identifiers for the ecological research domain. We demonstrate the ease of making use of existing decentralized and unsupervised identifiers for a data repository, which opens new avenues to collaborative data discovery for learning, teaching, and research in ecology.

Ο σχεδιασμός και η εφαρμογή Περιφερειακών Δορυφόρων Λογαριασμών Τουρισμού (Π-ΔΛΤ) στον ελλαδικό χώρο αποτελεί ένα από τα κύρια ζητούμενα από πλευράς τουριστικής και γενικότερα οικονομικής πολιτικής σε επίπεδο περιφέρειας. Η παρούσα διατριβή προσεγγίζει το πλαίσιο των Δορυφόρων Λογαριασμών Τουρισμού (ΔΛΤ) και την μεθοδολογία προσαρμογής τους σε περιφερειακό επίπεδο. Παρεμβαίνει με τις απαραίτητες μεθοδολογικές αναδιατάξεις σε ένα συστηματοποιημένο πλαίσιο που προτείνει ο Παγκόσμιος Οργανισμός Τουρισμού (ΠΟΤ) για την αξιολογική προσέγγιση των στατιστικών πηγών και δεδομένων με αναλυτική αξία για την κατάρτιση ΔΛΤ. Οι αναδιατάξεις στο πλαίσιο συντελούνται σε δύο επίπεδα. Το πρώτο αφορά στην επέκταση των αναλυτικών του δυνατοτήτων σε περιφερειακό επίπεδο ανάλυσης. Σε δεύτερο επίπεδο οι τροποποιήσεις στο πλαίσιο ακολουθούν τις θεωρητικές και μεθοδολογικές αναθεωρήσεις που έχουν συντελεστεί στα προσφάτως αναθεωρημένα διεθνή πρότυπα για την τουριστική στατιστική, τους Δορυφόρους Λογαριασμούς Τουρισμού και τα μακροοικονομικά πλαίσια με τα οποία συνδέονται. Ως παράδειγμα εφαρμογής του αναβαθμισμένου πλέον πλαισίου έχει επιλεγεί η περίπτωση της Ελλάδος. Η μεθοδολογική και αξιολογική προσέγγιση της διατριβής επιφέρει βελτιώσεις στο πλαίσιο καταγραφής και αξιολόγησης του ΠΟΤ και χαρτογραφεί το στατιστικό σύστημα της χώρας κατά τρόπο συστηματοποιημένο ως προς τις αναλυτικές ανάγκες των Π-ΔΛΤ, συνιστώντας ένα από τα πρώτα θεμελιώδη βήματα προς την μακρά και απαιτητική πορεία για την κατάρτισή τους στην χώρα μας. / Designing and implementing Regional Tourism Satellite Accounts (R-TSA) in Greece is one of the key objectives in terms of tourism and general economic policy at regional level. This thesis approaches the Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) framework and its methodological adaptation to regional level. It proposes the necessary methodological adjustments in a systematic framework recommended by the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) for documenting tourism statistics for TSA compilation. Framework adjustments take place at a twofold level: a) expanding the analytical capability at regional level and b) adapting the structure according to the theoretical and methodological revisions that have taken place in recently revised international standards for tourism statistics, Tourism Satellite Accounts and the macroeconomic frameworks with which they are linked. Greece has been chosen as a case study for applying the adjusted framework at regional level. The followed methodological and evaluative approach has improved the UNWTO framework for documenting tourism statistics and has led to a systemised mapping of the Greek statistical system in relation to the analytical needs projected for the compilation of R-TSAs, constituting one of the first fundamental steps towards a long and demanding process.

Submitted by Jacquelin Teresa Camperos Reyes (jtcamperos@hotmail.com) on 2018-02-27T00:46:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 [Dissertação] Jacquelin Teresa Camperos Reyes.pdf: 2175519 bytes, checksum: 3dd6306fa263e044ba509d410d39cea4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Satie Tagara (satie@marilia.unesp.br) on 2018-02-27T14:17:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 camperosreyes_jt_me_mar.pdf: 2175519 bytes, checksum: 3dd6306fa263e044ba509d410d39cea4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-27T14:17:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 camperosreyes_jt_me_mar.pdf: 2175519 bytes, checksum: 3dd6306fa263e044ba509d410d39cea4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-29 / Outra / Gerar valor para a sociedade a partir da abundância de dados governamentais tornou-se imperativo nas estratégias de disponibilização de dados que estão sendo publicados por meio de conjuntos de dados ou datasets. Os datasets, dados tabulados com certa estrutura, constituem um exemplo de reunião de bases de dados que pretendem obter sucesso erguendo-se como catálogos centrais do ponto de vista dos cidadãos, ampliando a visibilidade sobre e das ações da gestão pública. Atingir a estruturação desses recursos informacionais, de forma que auxilie na sua revalorização, é um dos desafios da Ciência da Informação. A questão de investigação é: Como está sendo abordada a aderência ao uso de metadados nas instruções entregues aos publicadores de dados em governos? O objetivo é descrever a aderência ao uso de metadados nos datasets de governos de países, tomando como base o contexto e o marco conceitual apresentados nas instruções para publicadores de dados, encontradas nos sites de dados abertos oficiais dos países analisados. Acredita-se que estudos como este podem fornecer elementos que atuem como subsídios para as estratégias governamentais, atendendo dimensões sociais a partir dos profissionais da informação. Trata-se de pesquisa descritiva, de natureza qualitativa, focada na observação crítica dos documentos que abordam o tratamento descritivo dos datasets governamentais. Utilizam-se como procedimentos a análise bibliográfica e documental, e a definição de estudos de caso nos países Colômbia, Brasil, Espanha e Portugal, abordando o volume de dados e informações mediante a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Percebe-se o esforço realizado pelos detentores dos documentos disponibilizados nos quatro países analisados pela ampla abordagem de conteúdo temático relacionado com o uso experimental dos metadados, dando assim maior importância ao aspecto prático em relação ao teórico, sem desconsiderar a relevância das explanações teóricas. Acredita-se na importância da criação e implementação de perfis de aplicação entre comunidades de países, como o caso do DCAT-AP, criado e recomendado pela comunidade europeia de nações e sugerido pelos sites de dados dos países estudados. Admitem-se inquietações referentes aos processos de publicação de dados de governo e suas relações com outros tópicos de interesse socioeconômico, tais como possíveis vínculos com indicadores de desenvolvimento em países e regiões, sob o prisma de pesquisas originadas a partir da Ciência da Informação. / Generating value to society from the abundance of government data, has become imperative in the strategies of data availability that are being published through datasets. The datasets, tabulated data with a certain structure, are an example of a meeting of databases that aim to be successful setting up as central catalogs from the point of view of the citizens, increasing the visibility on and of the actions of the public management. Accomplishing the structuring of these informational resources, so that this helps in their revaluation, is one of the challenges of Information Science. The research question is: How is the adherence to the use of metadata in the instructions given to data publishers in South American governments being addressed? The objective is to describe the adherence to the use of metadata in the datasets of governments of South American countries, based on the context and conceptual framework presented in the instructions for data publishers, found on the official open data sites of the analyzed countries. It is believed that studies such as this one can provide elements that act as subsidies for government strategies, addressing social dimensions deriving out of the information professionals. It is a descriptive research, of qualitative nature, focused on the critical observation of the documents that approach the descriptive treatment of the governmental datasets. Bibliographic and documentary analyses are used as methodological procedures, and the definition of case studies in the countries Colombia, Brazil, Spain and Portugal, addressing the volume of data and information through the technique of content analysis. The effort made by the holders of the documents available in the four analyzed countries by the broad thematic content related to the experimental use of the metadata is noticed, thus giving greater importance to the practical aspect in relation to the theoretical, without disregarding the relevance of the theoretical explanations. It is believed that creating and implementing application profiles among communities of countries, such as the DCAT-AP, created and recommended by the European community of nations and suggested by the data sites of the analyzed countries, is important. Concerns referent to the publication processes of government data and their relations with other topics of socio-economic interest are admitted, such as possible linkages with indicators of development in countries and regions, under the prism of research originated from the Information Science.

Purpose of this thesis is to design and implement a tool for automatic categorization of photos. The proposed tool is based on the Bag of Words classification method and it is realized as a plug-in for the XnView image viewer. The plug-in is able to classify a selected group of photos into predefined image categories. Subsequent notation of image categories is written directly into IPTC metadata of the picture as a keyword.

Trotz eines verbesserten digitalen Zugangs zu wissenschaftlichen Publikationen in den letzten Jahren bleiben die Grundprinzipien der wissenschaftlichen Kommunikation unverändert und sind weiterhin weitgehend dokumentenbasiert. Die dokumentorientierten Arbeitsabläufe in der Wissenschaft haben die Grenzen der Angemessenheit erreicht, wie die jüngsten Diskussionen über das ungebremste Wachstum wissenschaftlicher Literatur, die Mängel des Peer-Review und die Reproduzierbarkeitskrise zeigen. Open Access ist eine wichtige Voraussetzung diesen Herausforderungen zu begegnen, aber auch nur der erste Schritt. Wir müssen die wissenschaftliche Kommunikation stärker wissensbasiert organisieren, indem wir wissenschaftliche Beiträge und verwandte Artefakte durch semantisch reichhaltige, vernetzte Wissensgraphen ausdrücken und miteinander vernetzen. In diesem Vortrag werden wir mit der Open Research Knowledge Graph Initiative erste Schritte in diese Richtung vorstellen.

Dans cette thèse nous nous sommes intéressés principalement, dans le cadre de l’e-learning, à mettre en oeuvre une méthodologie qui a pour mission d’assurer une interopérabilité entre la plate-forme de l’Université de Lubumbashi et les plates-formes des universités partenaires belges afin de permettre un transfert des contenus d’apprentissage. Notre démarche n’a pas voulu s’arrêter à l’échange des contenus, nous sommes allés jusqu’à proposer des moyens de permettre un suivi dynamique des étudiants via les outils de communication./ In this thesis we were mainly interested, within the framework of the e-learning, to implement(operate) a methodology which has for mission to assure(insure) an interoperability between the platform of the University of Lubumbashi and the platforms of the Belgian partner universities to allow a transfer of the contents of learning(apprenticeship). Our approach(initiative) did not want to stop(arrest) in the exchange of the contents, we went as far as suggesting means allowing a dynamic follow-up of the students via communications tools.<p> / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Der Freistaat Sachsen hat eine hohe Dichte an unabhängigen lokalen und regionalen Fernsehsendern. Aus den Antennengemeinschaften zur Zeit der DDR entwickelten sich private Fernsehsender nach der Wiedervereinigung. Diese lokalen TV-Sender dokumentierten in der Zeit der gesellschaftlichen Veränderungen in den 1990er Jahren die tiefgreifenden Veränderungen des Alltags des Einzelnen, der lokalen Gemeinschaften und der historischen Veränderungen in Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft in den ersten Jahren nach der deutschen Wiedervereinigung. Diese Aufnahmen sind ein wesentlicher Bestandteil des sächsischen Kulturerbes und von höchstem Interesse für die Sozial-, Kultur- und Medienforschung. Aufgrund der Art und Weise, wie das Originalmaterial auf Videobändern produziert wurde, sind die Aufnahmen heute vom Verfall bedroht. In den nächsten Jahren werden die Aufnahmen verloren gehen, wenn nicht schnell gehandelt wird. Einige staatliche und private Institutionen entwickeln derzeit Konzepte zur Erhaltung des audiovisuellen Erbes in Sachsen. In diesem Konzept wird dargestellt, wie diese Medienobjekte im Sinne medien- und soziokultureller Dimensionen, Fragen und Kategorien wissenschaftlich untersucht werden sollen. Basierend auf den Erfahrungen aus Vorarbeiten und Pilotprojekten sowie neuen Untersuchungen, wurde ein technisches Konzept entwickelt, das zeigt, wie man große Mengen von Videobändern digitalisieren, indexieren, beschreiben und kategorisieren kann, um diesen wichtigen Teil des kulturellen Erbes in Deutschland zu erhalten, zu archivieren und öffentlich zugänglich zu machen.:1 Einleitung 1.1 Vorarbeiten 2 Darstellung des Objektkorpus 2.1 Beschreibung und Umfang 2.1.1 Wissenschaftliche Relevanz 2.1.2 Wissenschaftliche Fragestellungen 2.2 Technischer Zustand und Umstände 2.2.1 Datenträger 2.2.1.1 Alterungsproblematik 2.2.1.2 VHS und S-VHS 2.2.1.3 DV und MiniDV 2.2.1.4 Betacam und Betacam SP 2.2.2 Abspielgeräte 2.2.2.1 Alterung und Verfügbarkeit 2.2.2.2 Signalschnittstellen 2.2.2.3 Reinigung und Wartung 2.3 Konservatorische Prüfung 2.4 Rechtlicher Status der anvisierten Objekte 2.4.1 Urheber- und Verwertungsrechte 2.4.2 Persönlichkeitsrechte 2.4.3 Rechteeinräumung 2.4.4 Verwertung und Veröffentlichung 3 Konzept und Datenmanagementplan 3.1 Strategie und Phasen 3.2 Digitalisierung 3.3 Datei- und Kompressionsformate 3.4 Erschließung 3.4.1 Besonderheiten bei der Erschließung von AV-Medien 3.4.2 Adaptives Erschließungsmodell 3.4.3 Metadaten 3.4.4 Automatische Analyse 3.5 Metadatenaustausch 3.5.1 METS 3.5.2 MOTS 3.5.3 MARC21 3.5.4 LIDO 3.5.5 MPEG-7 3.5.6 DublinCore und EBUCore 3.6 Persistente Identifizierung 3.6.1 URN 3.6.2 URI 3.6.3 DOI 3.6.4 PURL 3.6.5 ISAN 3.6.6 Diskussion 3.7 Archivierung und Zugang 3.7.1 Strategie 3.7.2 OAIS 3.7.3 LTO 3.7.4 Kosten A Literaturverzeichnis B Abbildungsverzeichnis C Tabellenverzeichnis / The Free State of Saxony has a high density of independent local and regional television stations. From the antenna communities at the time of the GDR, private television stations developed after the reunification. These local TV stations documented in the period of social change in the 1990s the profound changes in everyday life of individuals, local communities, and historical changes in society and economy in the first years after German reunification. These videos are an integral part of Saxony’s cultural heritage and of the utmost interest in social, cultural and media research. Due to the way the original material was produced on videotapes, the recordings today are in danger of decay. In the next few years, the recordings will be lost unless action is taken quickly. Some state and private institutions are currently developing concepts for the preservation of audiovisual heritage in Saxony. This concept shows how these media objects should be scientifically investigated in terms of media and socio-cultural dimensions, questions and categories. Based on the experience of preparatory work and pilot projects as well as new investigations, a technical concept was developed which shows how to digitize, index, describe and categorize large volumes of videotapes in order to preserve, archive and preserve this important part of the cultural heritage in Germany publicly accessible.:1 Einleitung 1.1 Vorarbeiten 2 Darstellung des Objektkorpus 2.1 Beschreibung und Umfang 2.1.1 Wissenschaftliche Relevanz 2.1.2 Wissenschaftliche Fragestellungen 2.2 Technischer Zustand und Umstände 2.2.1 Datenträger 2.2.1.1 Alterungsproblematik 2.2.1.2 VHS und S-VHS 2.2.1.3 DV und MiniDV 2.2.1.4 Betacam und Betacam SP 2.2.2 Abspielgeräte 2.2.2.1 Alterung und Verfügbarkeit 2.2.2.2 Signalschnittstellen 2.2.2.3 Reinigung und Wartung 2.3 Konservatorische Prüfung 2.4 Rechtlicher Status der anvisierten Objekte 2.4.1 Urheber- und Verwertungsrechte 2.4.2 Persönlichkeitsrechte 2.4.3 Rechteeinräumung 2.4.4 Verwertung und Veröffentlichung 3 Konzept und Datenmanagementplan 3.1 Strategie und Phasen 3.2 Digitalisierung 3.3 Datei- und Kompressionsformate 3.4 Erschließung 3.4.1 Besonderheiten bei der Erschließung von AV-Medien 3.4.2 Adaptives Erschließungsmodell 3.4.3 Metadaten 3.4.4 Automatische Analyse 3.5 Metadatenaustausch 3.5.1 METS 3.5.2 MOTS 3.5.3 MARC21 3.5.4 LIDO 3.5.5 MPEG-7 3.5.6 DublinCore und EBUCore 3.6 Persistente Identifizierung 3.6.1 URN 3.6.2 URI 3.6.3 DOI 3.6.4 PURL 3.6.5 ISAN 3.6.6 Diskussion 3.7 Archivierung und Zugang 3.7.1 Strategie 3.7.2 OAIS 3.7.3 LTO 3.7.4 Kosten A Literaturverzeichnis B Abbildungsverzeichnis C Tabellenverzeichnis

In the emerging Web of Data, publishing stable and unique identifiers promises great potential in using the web as common platform to discover and enrich data in the ecologic sciences. With our collaborative e-Science platform “BEFdata”, we generated and published unique identifiers for the data repository of the Biodiversity – Ecosystem Functioning Research Unit of the German Research Foundation (BEF-China; DFG: FOR 891). We linked part of the identifiers to two external data providers, thus creating a virtual common platform including several ecological repositories. We used the Global Biodiversity Facility (GBIF) as well the International Plant Name Index (IPNI) to enrich the data from our own field observations. We conclude in discussing other potential providers for identifiers for the ecological research domain. We demonstrate the ease of making use of existing decentralized and unsupervised identifiers for a data repository, which opens new avenues to collaborative data discovery for learning, teaching, and research in ecology.

While historically digital heritage libraries were first powered in image mode, they quickly took advantage of OCR technology to index printed collections and consequently improve the scope and performance of the information retrieval services offered to users. But the access to iconographic resources has not progressed in the same way, and the latter remain in the shadows: manual incomplete and heterogeneous indexation, data silos by iconographic genre. Today, however, it would be possible to make better use of these resources, especially by exploiting the enormous volumes of OCR produced during the last two decades, and thus valorize these engravings, drawings, photographs, maps, etc. for their own value but also as an attractive entry point into the collections, supporting discovery and serenpidity from document to document and collection to collection. This article presents an ETL (extract-transform-load) approach to this need, that aims to: Identify and extract iconography wherever it may be found, in image collections but also in printed materials (dailies, magazines, monographies); Transform, harmonize and enrich the image descriptive metadata (in particular with machine learning classification tools); Load it all into a web app dedicated to image retrieval. The approach is pragmatically dual, since it involves leveraging existing digital resources and (virtually) on-the-shelf technologies. / Si historiquement, les bibliothèques numériques patrimoniales furent d’abord alimentées par des images, elles profitèrent rapidement de la technologie OCR pour indexer les collections imprimées afin d’améliorer périmètre et performance du service de recherche d’information offert aux utilisateurs. Mais l’accès aux ressources iconographiques n’a pas connu les mêmes progrès et ces dernières demeurent dans l’ombre : indexation manuelle lacunaire, hétérogène et non viable à grande échelle ; silos documentaires par genre iconographique ; recherche par le contenu (CBIR, content-based image retrieval) encore peu opérationnelle sur les collections patrimoniales. Aujourd’hui, il serait pourtant possible de mieux valoriser ces ressources, en particulier en exploitant les énormes volumes d’OCR produits durant les deux dernières décennies (tant comme descripteur textuel que pour l’identification automatique des illustrations imprimées). Et ainsi mettre en valeur ces gravures, dessins, photographies, cartes, etc. pour leur valeur propre mais aussi comme point d’entrée dans les collections, en favorisant découverte et rebond de document en document, de collection à collection. Cet article décrit une approche ETL (extract-transform-load) appliquée aux images d’une bibliothèque numérique à vocation encyclopédique : identifier et extraire l’iconographie partout où elle se trouve (dans les collections image mais aussi dans les imprimés : presse, revue, monographie) ; transformer, harmoniser et enrichir ses métadonnées descriptives grâce à des techniques d’apprentissage machine – machine learning – pour la classification et l’indexation automatiques ; charger ces données dans une application web dédiée à la recherche iconographique (ou dans d’autres services de la bibliothèque). Approche qualifiée de pragmatique à double titre, puisqu’il s’agit de valoriser des ressources numériques existantes et de mettre à profit des technologies (quasiment) mâtures.

The aim of the study was to examine the implementation of digital preservation practices in academic libraries in South Africa in the light of the rapid changing information environment. The study looked into the strategies, systems and tools being employed to support digital preservation programmes and the costs associated with the various digital preservation programmes. The study was guided by various digital preservation theories and models,namely Davies’ (2000) Policy, Strategy and Resources (PSR) troika model, Kenney and McGovern’s (2003) three leg stool, Corrado and Moulaison‘s (2014) preservation triad and the Carnegie Mellon University’s (1990) Digital Preservation Capability Maturity (DPCM) model and Open Archival Information System (OAIS) model by OCLC (2002), underpinned by the survey research design, triangulation of questionnaires and document analysis as data collection methods. Out of 27 questionnaires distributed to academic institutions, 22 (81.5%) were completed. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive analysis whilst content analysis was used for qualitative data obtained from document analysis. Findings revealed that academic libraries in South Africa were significantly affected by the changes to the digital environment. Most academic libraries face many challenges that hinder the effective implementation of digital preservation. The problems include: lack of funding, lack of skills and training and technology obsolescence. The study identified migration, bit preservation, replication and risk management approaches as the most widely implemented preservation strategies to address preservation challenges faced by academic libraries in South Africa. Although various preservation systems and tools are being developed to enable description, discovery, delivery and preservation of digital collections, there was expressed lack of awareness about digital preservation standards and preservation support organisations. The study also observed that, in some instances, the academic institutions were not fully involved in collaborative and partnerships with other institutions. By collaborating and partnering with other institutions, they would be exposed to new ideas, strategies and tools, and be able to acquire knowledge and skills needed to successfully preserve and manage their digital resources. The findings revealed that the implementation of policies and strategies, provision of adequate resources, sufficient funding and digital preservation knowledge and skills are some of the major factors influencing digital preservation sustainability in academic libraries. This study, therefore, recommends that these institutions can address some of the digital preservation challenges if they leverage on these factors. The study also made several recommendations on how digital preservation can be successfully implemented, and it further proposed a framework for preservation of digital resources in academic libraries, mapped to international preservation models and standards. / Information Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Information Science)