La palourde japonaise, Ruditapes philippinarum, a été introduite en France en 1972 suite à une volonté de diversification de la production aquacole des bivalves. A la fin des années 1980, des épisodes de mortalité massive ont été observés dans les parcs vénéricoles du pays des Abers (Finistère, France). La mortalité massive des palourdes a été associée à la maladie de l’anneau brun (MAB), une vibriose dont l’agent étiologique est Vibrio tapetis. Le développement de la MAB en milieu naturel a été associé à la modulation de certains facteurs environnementaux tels que la température ou la présence de ressource trophique. Dans le cadre de ce travail et dans un premier temps, des infections expérimentales de palourdes avec différentes souches de V. tapetis ont été effectuées conjointement à une acclimatation des animaux à deux températures contrastées. L’augmentation de la température de 15 à 22 °C a été associée à de plus fortes activités enzymatiques de la superoxyde dismutase (SOD), impliquée dans le système antioxydant, et de la phénoloxydase (PO), impliquée dans le système immunitaire inné. L’augmentation de la température a également conduit à une diminution de la virulence de Vibrio tapetis. Ensemble, ces résultats permettent d’expliquer la baisse de la prévalence et de l’intensité de la MAB à 22 °C. Dans un second temps, des palourdes sexuellement matures nourries avec deux algues contrastées en termes de composition lipidique ont été infectées par V. tapetis. Si la qualité des microalgues n’a pas conduit à des différences de prévalence et d’intensité de la MAB, le statut de reproduction des animaux a eu une influence sur l’intensité de la maladie. Les réponses métaboliques de R. philippinarum exposée à V. tapetis n’ont pas été influencées par la qualité de la nourriture mais par le développement de la MAB. Ces réponses consistaient en une modulation de l’activité d’enzymes antioxydantes (SOD, catalase, glutathion peroxydase, glutathion réductase,glutathion-S-transférase) et d’enzymes reliées au système immunitaire inné (PO et oxyde nitrique synthase inductible) en fonction de la présence de signes cliniques de la MAB. Finalement, l’utilisation de ces indicateurs biochimiques pourrait permettre d’établir des critères de sélection d’individus résistants à la MAB. / The Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, was introduced in France in 1972 following the willingness of bivalve aquaculture diversification. In the late 1980s, episodic mass mortality events were observed in ponds of the “Pays des Abers” region (Finistère, France). The massive mortality of clams was associated brown ring disease (BRD), a vibriosis which causative agent is Vibrio tapetis. BRD development in field has been associated with the modulation of environmental factors such as temperature or the presence of trophic resource. Firstly in the frame of the present work, experimental infections of clams with different strains of V. tapetis were performed together with animal acclimation at two contrasted temperatures. The increase of temperature from 15 to 22 ° C was associated with higher enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), involved in the antioxidant system, and the phenoloxidase (PO), involved in the innate immune system. Temperature increase also led to a decrease in virulence of V. tapetis. Together, these results might explain the decline in BRD prevalence and intensity observed at 22 ° C. Secondly, sexually mature clams fed with two microalgal diets contrasted in terms of lipid composition were infected with V. tapetis. Although microalgae quality did not lead to any difference in BRD prevalence and intensity, the reproductive status of clams influenced BRD intensity. Metabolic responses of R. philippinarum exposed to V. tapetis were not influenced by the food quality but mainly by BRD development. These responses consisted in a modulation of the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase) and enzymes related to innate immune system (PO and inducible nitric oxide synthase) according to the presence of BRD clinical signs. Finally, the use of these biochemical indicators could allow for new criteria for selection of BRD resistant clams.

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No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:29:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSPG.pdf: 896184 bytes, checksum: 0237c1553b20f09b9264cf38e782d113 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-06-30 / The influence of phytoplankton and their excreted materials in natural waters have been considered important issues among metal speciation studies. This work focused on the potential influence of the high molecular weight materials excreted by dominant phytoplankton species of Barra Bonita reservoir (Anabaena spiroides, Microcystis aeruginosa and Aulacoseira granulata) in the speciation and complexation of Cu and Cd. Therefore, this study comprised field and laboratory studies. Seasonal samplings were made during a period of two years in the reservoir. The total, ionic and organic concentrations of Cu and Cd were determined, as well as the complexation parameters with ligands present in the reservoir water. Also, the dissolved organic carbon and physico-chemical parameters of the water column were obtained. A speciation model was applied to metal complexation parameters and total metal concentrations obtained in field investigations. Laboratory cultures of the selected microalgae were made to obtain high molecular weight excreted materials. In a similar manner, the high molecular weight materials were isolated from the reservoir water. These materials were analysed for metal complexation with Cu and Cd, monosaccharide composition and elemental analysis (C, H, N and S). In the reservoir water, Cd speciation was dominated by ionic species, while Cu was mostly associated to the dissolved organic matter. Seasonal samplings presented Cu ligands with similar complexation parameters for the entire period studied. Cd complexation was not detected in the reservoir water. The speciation model resulted in similar Cu2+ concentration to the mean value obtained in field analyses, and indicated higher Cu association to the ligands of the reservoir water. Cu was complexed by all high molecular weight materials studied, while Cd was complexed solely by the cyanophyte materials. Higher proportions of acid monosaccharides in the high molecular weight materials corresponded to higher Cu and Cd complexation parameters, whereas no relation between C, H, N and S proportions and metal complexation properties of the high molecular weight materials was observed. The excreted materials of dominant microalgae from Barra Bonita reservoir had Cu ligands with intermediate to weak binding strength, as those present in the reservoir water. These results indicate the potential influence of such organic materials in metal speciation, bioavailability and mobility of metals with similar behaviour to that of Cu in the reservoir water. / A influência do fitoplâncton e de seus produtos excretados resultantes da fotossíntese em corpos d'água têm sido o enfoque de vários trabalhos que investigam a especiação e o destino de metais. Este estudo teve como hipótese a potencial influência dos materiais de alta massa molecular excretados por três espécies fitoplanctônicas (Anabaena spiroides, Microcystis aeruginosa e Aulacoseira granulata), dominantes no reservatório de Barra Bonita, em relação à especiação e complexação dos metais Cu e Cd na água do reservatório. Para tanto o estudo foi dividido em investigações de campo e experimentos de laboratório. Coletas sazonais por um período de dois anos no reservatório foram avaliadas quanto às espécies dissolvidas totais, orgânicas e iônicas de Cu e Cd, a determinação dos parâmetros de complexação destes metais com ligantes presentes na água, assim como o conteúdo de carbono orgânico dissolvido e os parâmetros físico-químicos da coluna d água. Uma modelagem da especiação química dos metais estudados foi feita com o uso das concentrações totais e os parâmetros de complexação adquiridos nas coletas sazonais. No laboratório foram obtidos os materiais de alta massa molecular excretados em cultivos das microalgas selecionadas, e o material de alta massa molecular dissolvido na água do reservatório, isolado seguindo-se o mesmo procedimento usado para os excretados algais. Estes materiais foram analisados quanto aos parâmetros de complexação com Cu e Cd, e composição monossacarídica e elementar (C, H, N e S). A especiação do Cd na água do reservatório foi dominada por formas iônicas, enquanto o Cu estava em grande maioria associado à matéria orgânica dissolvida. A água do reservatório apresentou, nas coletas sazonais, ligantes para Cu com parâmetros de complexação semelhantes em todo o período estudado. Nas condições experimentais empregadas, não foi detectada a complexação de Cd com ligantes oriundos da água do reservatório. A modelagem da especiação de Cu resultou em uma concentração semelhante de Cu2+ àquela medida em amostras de campo, e maior associação do Cu aos ligantes caracterizados neste estudo. O Cu foi complexado tanto pelos materiais de alta massa molecular das microalgas como também pela água do reservatório, enquanto o Cd foi complexado somente pelo material excretado pelas cianofíceas. Maiores proporções de monossacarídeos ácidos nos materiais corresponderam a parâmetros de complexação de Cu e Cd com valores mais elevados. No entanto, não foi observada uma relação entre as proporções de C, H, N e S e a complexação dos metais. Os excretados das microalgas dominantes no reservatório apresentaram ligantes para Cu com força de associação de intermediária a fraca, assim como os ligantes presentes no reservatório. Estes resultados confirmam o potencial de influência dos excretados na especiação, mobilidade e destino de metais com comportamento semelhante ao Cu, no reservatório de Barra Bonita.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:13:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daiany Crystina Macagnan.pdf: 533832 bytes, checksum: 1ef92ef1a169ce21091effcd15916599 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The wastewater is generated daily in all the activities that need water in their process, whether health activities for residential and commercial or manufacturing processes of enterprises. This study evaluated the efficiency of the microalgae Scenedesmus in nitrogen and phosphorus removing from brewery wastewater. Two experiments were conducted at different times in three replicates of each one packaged in boxes of fiberglass 100L. Each treatment was made for a completely randomized design with three different concentrations of wastewater. The collect of wastewater was made at different times. The medium was constituted of 80L of wastewater and five liters of inoculated culture of microalgae Scenedesmus sp. We evaluated the growth curve, phosphate and nitrogen compounds removal, the correlation between the removal of compounds with algal growth, yield and protein biomass. Higher algal density was observed in the treatment 6 (T6) medium with 776 x 104 cells / mL and all treatments had high coefficients of determination (R2) ranging from 0.87 to 0.99 in T4 at T6. In the experiment 1 the removal of the compounds in the treatments occurred in 17 days. In experiment 2 the nitrate removed in 17 days in all treatments and orthophosphate and phosphorus removal occurred between nine to 24 days. Generally, the correlations ranged from moderate to strong, with the exception of total phosphorus in T4 which showed a weak correlation (-0.08).The biomass and crude protein in experiment 1 ranged from 0.15 to 0.19 g / L and 19 to 27% respectively, while those in experiment 2 ranged from 0.12 to 0.19 g / L and 34 to 46% protein. It is concluded that biological treatment from microalgae is able to reduce the nitrate, phosphorus and orthophosphate present in the brewery wastewater, producing biomass with high protein values. / As águas residuárias são geradas diariamente em todas as atividades que necessitam de água em seu processo, sejam elas atividades sanitárias residenciais e comerciais ou pelos processos produtivos das empresas. Neste trabalho avaliou-se a eficiência do gênero de microalgas Scenedesmus na remoção de compostos nitrogenados e fosfatados de efluente de cervejaria. Foram realizados dois experimentos em períodos diferentes e cada um tratou-se de um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três concentrações de efluente de cervejaria oriundos de coletas em horários diferentes e três repetições de cada tratamento acondicionados em caixas de fibra de vidro de 100L. Em cada unidade experimental foram adicionados 80L de efluente e inoculados cinco litros de cultura de microalga Scenedesmus sp. Avaliaram-se a curva de crescimento, a remoção dos compostos fosfatados e nitrogenados, a correlação entre a remoção dos compostos com o crescimento algal, o rendimento e a proteína da biomassa. A maior densidade algal observada foi no tratamento 6 (T6) com média 776 x 104 cél./mL e todos os tratamentos apresentaram altos coeficientes de determinação (R2) variando de 0,87 em T4 a 0,99 em T6. A remoção dos compostos nos tratamentos do experimento 1 ocorreram em 17 dias. No experimento 2 houve remoção do nitrato em 17 dias em todos os tratamentos e as remoções do ortofosfato e do fósforo variaram de nove a 24 dias. De modo geral as correlações variaram de moderada a forte, com exceção do fósforo total em T4 que mostrou correlação fraca (-0,08). Os rendimentos da biomassa e proteína bruta no experimento 1 variaram de 0,15 a 0,19g/L e de 19 a 27% de proteína, enquanto no experimento 2 esses valores variaram de 0,12 a 0,19g/L e de 34 a 46% de proteína. Conclui-se que esse tratamento biológico a partir de microalgas é capaz de reduzir os teores de nitrato, fósforo e ortofosfato presentes no efluente de cervejaria, gerando biomassa com altos valores protéicos.

Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war die Untersuchung von Mikroalgen-Kulturstämmen unterhalb des Artniveaus. Für Service-Kulturensammlungen sind diese Untersuchungen wichtig, um die genetische Diversität der vorhandenen bzw. neu aufzunehmender Kulturen zu erfassen, Stämme eindeutig zu identifizieren oder auch Kontaminationen auszuschließen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden häufig in der Forschung genutzte Stämme von Mikroalgen mithilfe von genetischen Fingerabdrücken, die mit der AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) Technik generiert wurden, untersucht. Mittels AFLP was es möglich, verschiedene Stämme derselben Art (Chlorella vulgaris) zu unterscheiden und für jedes Isolat einen charakteristischen genetischen Fingerabdruck zu erhalten. Da diese genomischen Variationen innerhalb derselben Art auch mit Unterschieden in physiologischen/biochemischen Eigenschaften korreliert sein können, ist es wichtig genau festzuhalten, welches Isolat für einen Versuch oder eine biotechnologische Anwendung verwendet wurde. Mit der AFLP-Technik war es ferner möglich, phänotypisch unterschiedliche Mutanten von Parachlorella kessleri und den entsprechenden Wildtyp zu unterscheiden. Normalerweise ist es mit AFLP nicht möglich, Algenkulturen zu untersuchen, die mit anderen Organismen kontaminiert sind. Das Problem hierbei ist, dass bei den generierten Fragmenten nicht unterschieden werden kann, ob sie von der Alge stammen oder von der Kontamination. Es konnte hier jedoch gezeigt werden, dass kontaminierte Kulturen trotzdem mit AFLP untersucht werden können. Hierzu war es nötig, Kulturen mit unterschiedlichem Verhältnis von Algen- und Bakterienzellen zu untersuchen. Außerdem konnte gezeigt werden, dass Infektionen von Algenkulturen mit Viren, die meistens schwer nachzuweisen sind, mittels AFLP festgestellt werden können. Kryokonservierung ist mittlerweile die Methode der Wahl zur Langzeitaufbewahrung von Mikroalgen. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass diese Aufbewahrungsmethode genetisch stabile Kulturen über Jahrzehnte hinweg garantieren kann. Jedoch wurde bis heute die genetische Stabilität von kryokonservierten Algen noch nicht überprüft und deshalb in der vorliegenden Arbeit mithilfe der AFLP-Technik untersucht.

The ecological position of micro-algae at the base of the aquatic food web makes them critical components of aquatic ecosystems. Their short generation time also makes them useful biological indicators because they respond quickly to changes in environmental condition, enabling timely identification and assessment of water quality changes. The inclusion of micro-algae as indicators in water resource regulation and management in South Africa has started recently, their more extensive use in biomonitoring and ecotoxicology programmes for water resource management would contribute to the South African policy if water resource protection. The standard algal growth inhibition assay with the species Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata is currently used for monitoring toxicity of in-stream and industrial wastewater discharges to freshwater micro-algae. The relevance of the data generated by standard toxicity bioassays has been questioned, since micro-algae in particular are extremely variable in their sensitivity to a range of contaminants and these standard species used may not occur in the local aquatic environment. As a result, international regulatory agencies, have recommended algal growth inhibition tests be changed from a single standard species to tests with a number of species. One recommendation, in addition to the use of standard toxicity tests, is the use of species isolated from the local environment which may be more relevant for assessing site specific impacts. This study investigated the value and application of locally isolated South African freshwater micro-algae in toxicity tests for water resource management and was carried out in three phases. The first phase involved isolating micro-algae from South African aquatic resources. Micro-algae suitable for toxicity testing were identified and selected using as set of criteria. Three (Scenedesmus bicaudatus, Chlorella sorokiniana and Chlorella vulgaris) out of eight successfully isolated species satisfied the prescribed selection criteria and these were selected as potential toxicity test species. The second phase focused on refining and adapting the existing algal toxicity test protocol (the algal growth inhibition assay) for use on the locally isolated algal species. The refinement of the test protocol was achieved by exposing the locally isolated species to reference toxicants in order to assess and compare their growth and sensitivity to the toxicants under the prescribed toxicity test conditions with that of the standard toxicity test species (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) and a commercial laboratory species (Chlorella protothecoides). During this phase, one of the three local species (Scenedesmus bicaudatus) was eliminated as a potential toxicity test species due to inconsistent growth. The third phase of the study involved assessing the sensitivity of the two remaining species (C. vulgaris and C. sorokiniana) to a range of toxicants (reference toxicants, salts, effluents and a herbicide) and comparing it to that of the standard toxicity test species P. subcapitata and C. protothecoides. The toxicants were selected based on their relative importance in the South African context, as well as the practicality of using these local micro-algae to routinely determine the impact of these toxicants on local aquatic resources. The growth of the four micro-algae was stimulated by the selected effluents. The standard toxicity test species P. subcapitata was ranked the most sensitive and of the four species to two reference toxicants and two inorganic salts. Chlorella sorokiniana was ranked the most sensitive of the three Chlorella species to two reference toxicants and two inorganic salts. The herbicide stimulated the growth of C. vulgaris while inhibiting the growth of the other species. Pseudokirchneriela subcapitata and C. sorokiniana showed high intra-specific variability in growth, which made it difficult to determine the effective concentrations of the herbicide and therefore compare the sensitivity of the species. This varied response of micro-algal species to toxicants may result in the biodiversity shifts in aquatic ecosystems, and also supports the recommendation of using a battery of different species to support more informed decisions in water resource management.

The phenomenon of rapid algal blooms in response to nutrient overloads has been adapted to treat synthetic domestic wastewater. Various algal consortia collected from several eutrophied water bodies were subject to high density algal culture (upto 106-107 cells/mL) and screened for rapid algal growth, pollutant removal, nutrient recovery under mixotrophy and auto-flocculation. When tried in laboratory scale algal ponds, these algal consortia showed growth rates between 0.15 and 1.07 d-1. Results indicate that Chlorella occurred frequently among most consortia although not always the largest in number. While individual algal species varied in growth rates among these consortia, the log phase for most of these algae lasted 4-5 d after which the algal species began to flocculate between day 5-8 at different rates. The flocculation stage lasted between Day 6-8 wherein about 65% cells flocculated during monsoon and over 90% in winter. Although over 90% removal of N and 80% removal of P occurred in this period, the net N and P harvested as flocculated algae ranged from ~30-50% and ~40-70%, respectively. A consortia approach, wherein algal cells auto-flocculate after reaching a high cell density and nutrient removal provides an easy, low energy and sustainable approach to simultaneous wastewater treatment as well as energy and nutrient recovery from domestic wastewaters.

Syftet var att finna en biologisk behandlingsmetodik för avloppsvatten som skullekunna reducera utsläpp av näringsämnen till recipienten Humlebäcken frånavloppsreningsverket (ARV) i Nyvång. Nyvångs reningsverk planeras uppgraderas och utökas och därtill har ärendet nekats då utsläpp till Humlebäcken förfaras bli för höga. Mikroalger som behandlingsmetod för avloppsvatten undersöktes via litteraturanalys ibåde svenska klimat och vid uppskalning. Det kunde inte hittas metodik eller teknik för att på industriell skala använda mikroalger till behandling av avloppsvatten idag. Dock presenteras flera olika tekniker som kan kopplas samman för ökad effektivitet. Vidare finns det stor potential om att mikroalgssystem kan kopplas samman med andra industriers spillvärme och rökgaser för ökad produktion av biomassa och rening av rökgas. Andra former av kemisk försedimentering och anaerob behandling från Energipositiv Rening presenteras, möjligheten finns att dessa kan kopplas samman med mikroalgssystem för komplett behandling till lägre kostnader av konventionell behandlingsteknik. Till slut presenteras påverkande faktorer vid nordiska klimat och utmaningar i form av striktare reningskrav och återföring av slam. Det presenteras kort om andra biologiska tekniker som svampodling och multitrofiskt vattenbruk vilka kan kopplas samman medmikroalgssystem för ökad resurseffektivitet och högre reningsgrad. Se figur 18 förgrafisk summering. / The purpose was to find a biological treatment method for wastewater which could reduce emissions of nutrients to the recipient Humlebäcken from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Nyvång. Since Nyvång WWTP plans to upgrade and expand have been denied for fears of further contamination of Humlebäcken. Microalgae as a treatment method was examined in this literature analysis for Swedish climates and upscaling. For industrial purposes no technique or method could befound which could be applied to wastewater currently. Several techniques are presented however in the hopes that in combining them a higher efficiency might beachieved. If microalgae systems could be integrated with waste heat and flue gas from industry, then higher productivity could be achieved whilst reducing emissions from the flue gas. Other forms of pre-sedimentation and anaerobic treatment methods from EnergyPositive Purification systems are presented as there's a possibility these can be connected to microalgae systems for complete treatment and less costs. Factors which affect microalgae cultivation in Nordic climates and challenges in terms of stricter emission requirements and reuse of sludge are presented lastly. Other biological treatment methods like mushroom and multi-trophic aquaculture which can be integrated to microalgae systems are shown in hopes of achieving higher resource efficiency and pollution reduction. See figure 18 for graphical abstract.

Ackumuleringen av plast och mikroplast i miljön är idag en globalt aktuell fråga. Forskning kring mikroplast och dess påverkan på miljö och biota har ökat kraftigt det senaste decenniet. En av de största utsläppskällorna till mikroplast är slitage från vägtrafiken, speciellt från däck, men mikroplast kan även komma från vägmarkeringar. Vägmarkeringar innehåller plastpolymerer (som bindemedel), fyllnadsmedel, pigment och tillsatsämnen (additiv), och ofta ingår även glaspärlor. Vissa ämnen kan ge en negativ påverkan på människa och miljö. I dagsläget saknas det data för att kunna kartlägga i vilken omfattning vägmarkeringsslitage bidrar till spridning av mikroplaster samt för att bedöma om och hur det skulle kunna påverka miljön och vattenlevande organismer. I detta examensarbete har toxicitetstest av lakvatten från vägmarkeringsprodukter utförts med algen Raphidocelis subcapitata för att studera om de är toxiska samt om det finns någon skillnad mellan olika vägmarkeringsprodukter. Partiklar från fyra olika typer av vägmarkeringsprodukter (prefabricerad termoplast, varmapplicerad termoplast, vattenbaserad akrylatfärg och 2-komponentsakrylatfärg) genererades och lakades var för sig med skakning i avjoniserat vatten under 24 timmar. Lakvattnen utan partiklar användes sedan till algtillväxthämningstest. Algerna exponerades under 72 timmar för lakvatten i olika koncentrationer, där den högsta motsvarade 100 g vägmarkeringspartiklar per liter, och algtillväxt mättes. Effektmåtten var maximal tillväxthastighet och lag-fas och dessutom analyserades korrelationen mellan dem som ett mått för anpassningseffektivitet. De fyra lakvattnen påverkade lag-fas och/eller tillväxthastighet i olika omfattning och medförde antingen inhibering eller stimulering av algtillväxten. Lakvattnet från den vattenbaserade akrylatfärgen påvisade störst inhibering av tillväxt och var även det mest toxiska eftersom ingen tillväxtanpassning skedde. För övriga lakvatten påvisades olika grad av anpassningseffektivitet av alger vid exponering. Dock krävs mer ingående statistisk utvärdering för att åtskilja de två lakvatten som hade minst påverkan, dvs. från den prefabricerade och den varmapplicerade termoplasten.  Detta är enbart en första studie. Upprepade tester med fler vägmarkeringsprodukter och fler tester med andra organismer, såsom bakterier, kärlväxter, kräftdjur och fisk, krävs för att bättre kunna utreda om och hur olika vägmarkeringar kan påverka biota. För ytterligare studier skulle det vara intressant att utvärdera vilka ämnen i vägmarkeringar som kan påverka miljön och om dessa skulle kunna ersättas med andra, mindre giftiga ämnen. / The accumulation of plastic and microplastics in the environment is a current global issue. Research on microplastics and its impact on the environment and biota has increased rapidly in the last decade. One of the largest sources of microplastics is wear from road traffic, especially tires, but they can also originate from road markings. Road markings contain plastic polymers (as a binder), fillers, pigments, and additives, and often also glass beads. Some substances may have a negative impact on humans and the environment. At present, there are no data to map the extent to which wear from road markings contributes to the emissions of microplastics, or to assess the effect they might cause on the environment and aquatic organisms. In this thesis, toxicity tests on leachates from road marking products were conducted on the alga Raphidocelis subcapitata to study the effect on the algae and if it differs between the different products.  Particles from four types of road marking products (prefabricated thermoplastic, hot-applied thermoplastic, acrylic water-based paint, and 2-component acrylic paint) were generated and leached separately by shaking in deionized water for 24 hours.  The leachates without particles were used in the standard algal growth inhibition tests. The algae were exposed for 72 hours to the leachates in different concentrations, with the highest corresponding to 100 g road marking particles per liter, and algal growth was monitored. Endpoints used were maximum growth rate and lag phase and, in addition, their correlation was analyzed as an indicator for adaptation capacity. The four leachates affected lag phase and/or growth rate to a varying extent and caused inhibition or stimulation of algae growth. Exposure to leachate from the water-based acrylic paint showed most inhibition of growth and was also the most toxic as no growth adaptation was observed. For the other tests, different rates of adaptation efficiency of the algae growth were found. However, more detailed statistical evaluation is needed to differentiate between the two leachates that had the least effect, i.e. the prefabricated and the hot-applied thermoplastic. This is only a first study. More tests with more road marking products and with other organisms, such as bacteria, vascular plants, crustaceans, and fish, are required to better understand if and how different road markings could affect biota. Additionally, an evaluation of what substances in road marking materials may cause effects and whether these can be replaced by other, less toxic substances, would be of interest.