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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Society and the suppression of vice : the sociology of moral indignation

Ward, A. J. January 1980 (has links)
This study is an exploration of the nature and formation of moral sentiments concerning what constitutes deviance and how deviants should be treated. These sentiments establish the general climate of moral tolerance or intolerance within which reactions to particular instances of deviance take shape. The study is based upon the assumption that differences between people in terms of such moral sentiments reflect further differences in other areas of their lives, in the roles in which they find themselves and the distinctive ideologies to they adhere. The thesis starts from an examination of the work undertaken in this area by Ranulf in developing his theory of moral indignation. This holds that a repressive morality embracing hostility towards hedonism and punitiveness towards deviants is characteristic of the lower middle class as the indirect result of the restraints forced upon its members by their position in the class structure. The present thesis employs the critical appraisal of Ranulf's theory as an opportunity to draw together evidence which serves as a means of elaborating a more comprehensive theory of moral indignation. This evidence is culled from the examination of a number of studies taken from the fields of sociology, social psychology and social anthropology. A study of three "moral crusades" - the Responsible Society, the Nationwide Festival of Light, and the National Viewers' and Listeners' Association – is undertaken to investigate the nature of moral indignation in a contemporary setting. The study concludes by setting forth an explanation of the nature and origin of moral authoritarianism as the product of social constraints.
2

Adam Smith Revisited

Roden, Peyton Foster 01 1900 (has links)
This study represents an interpretation of Adam Smith's attitude toward a commercial society based upon natural liberty. In developing the thesis that the two works, The Theory of Moral Sentiments and Wealth of Nations, are logically consistent, it is necessary to establish the reason of reasons why Adam Smith embraced a commercial society based upon the "obvious and simple system of natural liberty." It will be established that he embraced such as system because it allowed the maximum accumulation of capital, which is the manifestation of being truly virtuous as developed in his Moral Sentiments. To go one step further, it will be seen that, so far as Smith is concerned, it is the rising bourgeoisie, the manufacturers and artificers, which is truly virtuous, i.e., accumulates capital.
3

Paixões, sentimentos morais e emoções. Uma história do poder emocional sobre o homem econômico / Passions, moral sentiments and emotions. A history of emotional power over the economic man

Andrade, Daniel Pereira 16 August 2011 (has links)
Esta tese faz uma genealogia da concepção de homem econômico emocional, tal como ele aparece no discurso do management americano a partir dos anos de 1990. Para tanto, fez-se uma história de longa duração com a finalidade de compreender como esse sujeito de interesse que estava associado à temática das paixões nos séculos XVII e XVIII pôde se vincular à temática das emoções, surgida apenas no século XIX, advinda da psicologia física e da biologia evolucionista. Para realizar essa história, a tese foi dividida em duas partes. Na primeira, foi abordada a emergência do homo oeconomicus clássico no âmbito da governamentalidade liberal britânica dos séculos XVII e XVIII e foram diferenciadas as três formas de problematização e governo da vida emocional do sujeito de interesse: as paixões, no âmbito da vertente utilitarista-radical do liberalismo, os sentimentos morais, no âmbito da reação do conservadorismo, e as emoções, no âmbito da psicologia física e do evolucionismo. Cada uma dessas três temáticas surgiu ainda no discurso antropológico do sujeito de interesse, mas se desenvolveu em sentidos diferentes: as paixões resultaram no homo oeconomicus, os sentimentos morais, no homo socialis e as emoções, no homo psychologicus. Na segunda parte da tese, demonstra-se como essas três temáticas adentraram as ciências da administração americanas no século XX, caracterizando o controle emocional sobre o trabalho e o consumo. Ainda no discurso do management, essas temáticas se transformaram, em virtude da reação às contestações antidisciplinares da contracultura, dando origem a uma nova concepção de emoções que reúne características das três temáticas anteriores. O discurso do management e, posteriormente, o da teoria econômica neoliberal vinculou essa nova temática das emoções à noção de homem econômico, caracterizado agora pela ideia de capital humano. Constituiu-se, assim, o homem econômico emocional, formando uma distinta concepção antropológica e uma inédita coerência dos dispositivos de poder emocional. / This thesis makes a genealogy of the \"emotional economic man\", as it emerged in the U.S. management discourse since the 1990s. To do that, it has been drawn a history of how to understand this \"subject of interest\" associated to the theme of passions in the XVII and XVIII centuries. Such theme has been linked to the theme of emotions that was only originated in the XIX century related to the biological psychology and evolutionary biology. To carry out this history, this thesis has been divided in two parts. At the first part, the emergence of homo economicus in the classical liberal governmentality of British seventeenth and eighteenth centuries was discussed, and three forms of government and questioning of his \"emotional\" life were distinguished: the passions, under the utilitarian aspect of the radical liberalism; the moral sentiments, in the backlash of conservatism; and the emotions in the psychological and biological evolutionism. Each of these three themes arose in the anthropological discourse of the subject of interest, but were developed in different directions: the passions resulted in the homo economicus, the moral sentiments in the homo socialis, and the emotions in the homo psychologicus. In the second part of the thesis, it is shown how these three themes were inserted into the American administration science discourse in the twentieth century, characterizing emotional control over workers and consumers. Still in the discourse of management, these issues were transformed due to the reaction against antidisciplinaries countercultural contestations, giving rise to a new conception of emotions that includes characteristics of the three themes featured above. This new theme of emotions will be bound by the discourse of management and subsequently by the discourse of economic theory regarding the economic man, which is now characterized by the idea of human capital. The emotional economic man is thereby constituted, forming a new anthropological concept and a new device of emotional power.
4

Paixões, sentimentos morais e emoções. Uma história do poder emocional sobre o homem econômico / Passions, moral sentiments and emotions. A history of emotional power over the economic man

Daniel Pereira Andrade 16 August 2011 (has links)
Esta tese faz uma genealogia da concepção de homem econômico emocional, tal como ele aparece no discurso do management americano a partir dos anos de 1990. Para tanto, fez-se uma história de longa duração com a finalidade de compreender como esse sujeito de interesse que estava associado à temática das paixões nos séculos XVII e XVIII pôde se vincular à temática das emoções, surgida apenas no século XIX, advinda da psicologia física e da biologia evolucionista. Para realizar essa história, a tese foi dividida em duas partes. Na primeira, foi abordada a emergência do homo oeconomicus clássico no âmbito da governamentalidade liberal britânica dos séculos XVII e XVIII e foram diferenciadas as três formas de problematização e governo da vida emocional do sujeito de interesse: as paixões, no âmbito da vertente utilitarista-radical do liberalismo, os sentimentos morais, no âmbito da reação do conservadorismo, e as emoções, no âmbito da psicologia física e do evolucionismo. Cada uma dessas três temáticas surgiu ainda no discurso antropológico do sujeito de interesse, mas se desenvolveu em sentidos diferentes: as paixões resultaram no homo oeconomicus, os sentimentos morais, no homo socialis e as emoções, no homo psychologicus. Na segunda parte da tese, demonstra-se como essas três temáticas adentraram as ciências da administração americanas no século XX, caracterizando o controle emocional sobre o trabalho e o consumo. Ainda no discurso do management, essas temáticas se transformaram, em virtude da reação às contestações antidisciplinares da contracultura, dando origem a uma nova concepção de emoções que reúne características das três temáticas anteriores. O discurso do management e, posteriormente, o da teoria econômica neoliberal vinculou essa nova temática das emoções à noção de homem econômico, caracterizado agora pela ideia de capital humano. Constituiu-se, assim, o homem econômico emocional, formando uma distinta concepção antropológica e uma inédita coerência dos dispositivos de poder emocional. / This thesis makes a genealogy of the \"emotional economic man\", as it emerged in the U.S. management discourse since the 1990s. To do that, it has been drawn a history of how to understand this \"subject of interest\" associated to the theme of passions in the XVII and XVIII centuries. Such theme has been linked to the theme of emotions that was only originated in the XIX century related to the biological psychology and evolutionary biology. To carry out this history, this thesis has been divided in two parts. At the first part, the emergence of homo economicus in the classical liberal governmentality of British seventeenth and eighteenth centuries was discussed, and three forms of government and questioning of his \"emotional\" life were distinguished: the passions, under the utilitarian aspect of the radical liberalism; the moral sentiments, in the backlash of conservatism; and the emotions in the psychological and biological evolutionism. Each of these three themes arose in the anthropological discourse of the subject of interest, but were developed in different directions: the passions resulted in the homo economicus, the moral sentiments in the homo socialis, and the emotions in the homo psychologicus. In the second part of the thesis, it is shown how these three themes were inserted into the American administration science discourse in the twentieth century, characterizing emotional control over workers and consumers. Still in the discourse of management, these issues were transformed due to the reaction against antidisciplinaries countercultural contestations, giving rise to a new conception of emotions that includes characteristics of the three themes featured above. This new theme of emotions will be bound by the discourse of management and subsequently by the discourse of economic theory regarding the economic man, which is now characterized by the idea of human capital. The emotional economic man is thereby constituted, forming a new anthropological concept and a new device of emotional power.
5

Adam Smith's Theory of moral sentiments

Kelly, Marie de Jésus 07 March 2019 (has links)
Montréal Trigonix inc. 2018
6

Cooperação, confiança e interação: um estudo aplicado às corporações

Carvalho, Marinei Silva 28 September 2012 (has links)
Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-27T22:56:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 17d.pdf: 487481 bytes, checksum: 81de0b9a598058180851d36c83baab3a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-27T22:56:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 17d.pdf: 487481 bytes, checksum: 81de0b9a598058180851d36c83baab3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-28 / Nenhuma / O presente estudo ocupa-se do tema cooperação e confiança em um diálogo com aplicação no mundo corporativo. A investigação inicia pelo estudo da dinâmica do comportamento do indivíduo em grupo com base na teoria de Raimo Tuomela, que divide a cooperação em dois modos básicos de interação: modo-eu e modo-nós. O ponto de destaque em sua análise é o modo-nós de interação, uma vez que os interesses dos membros do grupo são regulados pela condição de troca cooperativa, fazendo com que esses abandonem suas características individualistas e deem espaço às características interativas sociais, permitindo, dessa forma, o surgimento de níveis de relacionamentos mais refinados. O segundo aspecto terá por objetivo alicerçar a cooperação em bases naturais. Tal aspecto será examinado pelo viés darwinista, sendo a cooper ação considerada um instinto social que evoluiu frente à seleção natural. A confiança será apresentada logo após, juntamente com a moralidade, ambas firmadas nos sentimentos morais, ocupando o papel de mantenedoras das interações cooperativas. Seguindo, a última análise deste trabalho irá se debruçar sobre o diálogo entre cooperação e confiança com as organizações empresariais e sua ética, a partir de uma análise da dinâmica dos indivíduos (modo-eu) inseridos no grupo (modo-nós). / This study deals with the concepts of cooperation and trust applied to corporations. The text begins by studying the dynamics of individual behavior in the collective, based on the theory of Raimo Tuomela, which divides cooperation in two basic modes of interaction: mode-me and mode-us. An important feature in his analysis is the mode-us interaction, since the interests of the group members are regulated by the condition of a cooperative exchange, making them abandon their individualistic characteristics and accept the social interactive features, allowing thus, the emergence of more refined levels of relationships. The second aspect will study cooperation in its natural bases. This aspect will be examined by a Darwinist point of view, cooperation being considered a social instinct that evolved through natural selection. The concept of trust will be presented along with morality, both deeply related with moral feelings, both occupying the role of sustaining cooperative interactions. Finally the final part of this study will analyze the dialogue between cooperation and trust with business organizations and their ethics, from an analysis of the dynamics of individuals (mode-me) inserted in the group (mode-us).
7

Moral Responsibility "Expressivism," Luck, and Revision

Walker, Kyle 26 July 2012 (has links)
In his 1962 paper “Freedom and Resentment," Peter Strawson attempts to reconcile incompatibilism and compatibilism about moral responsibility and determinism. First, I present the error committed by the proponents of both these traditional views, which Strawson diagnoses as the source of their standoff, and the remedy Strawson offers to avoid the conflict. Second, I reconstruct the two arguments Strawson offers for a theory of moral responsibility that is based on his proposed remedy. Third, I present and respond to two proposed problems for the Strawsonian theory: moral luck and revisionism. I conclude with a summary of my defense of Strawsonian “expressivism” about moral responsibility, and offer suggestions for further research.
8

La philosophie morale dans l'oeuvre d'Adam Smith : retour sur le Das Adam Smith Problem

Rochon , Odile January 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Deux cent cinquante ans après la publication de la Théorie des sentiments moraux, quelle place accorde-t-on à la philosophie morale dans l'oeuvre d'Adam Smith? Le présent mémoire porte sur cette question et, en particulier, le débat que suscite le Das Adam Smith Problem. Afin de dresser un portrait de l'état actuel du débat, nous analysons une sélection de livres et d'articles ayant été publiés sur le sujet au cours de la période 2002-2008, qui précède le 250e anniversaire de la publication de la Théorie des sentiments moraux (1759-2009). Le chapitre l propose, en guise d'entrée en matière, une section consacrée au Siècle des Lumières en Écosse. Nous présentons ensuite les événements marquants de la vie de Smith ainsi que les principaux penseurs ayant influencé son oeuvre, notamment Francis Hutcheson, David Hume et les stoïciens. Le chapitre suivant est centré sur les thèses principales énoncées dans la Théorie et La Richesse des nations. Nous entendons mettre en évidence les diverses idées formulées par Smith dans ces oeuvres, qui sont susceptibles d'éclairer sa philosophie morale. Une fois jetées ces bases, nous abordons au chapitre III le sujet précis du Problème, d'abord en faisant un survol historique au cours duquel nous retraçons les origines du débat et présentons les auteurs importants y ayant contribué aux XIXe et au XXe siècle. Pour ce faire, nous nous référons aux analyses incontournables de la question, notamment « The Consistency of Adam Smith » (Oncken, 1897) et « Adam Smith and Laissez Faire » (Viner, 1927). Nous démontrons que le débat concernant la cohésion entre les deux oeuvres majeures de Smith est bien vivant au XXle siècle et que les avis vont généralement dans le même sens. En effet, la majorité des interprètes actuels de la pensée de Smith ne croient pas que les deux oeuvres divergent sensiblement. Cela constitue toutefois un des seuls points communs de ces auteurs. Leurs textes concernant le Problème prennent appui sur des analyses distinctes qui ont marqué le débat depuis deux cents ans. Suivant l'analyse de Leonidas Montes (2003), qui établit trois phases caractérisant le débat entourant le Problème depuis le bicentenaire de la Richesse en 1976, nous mettons en avant l'idée selon laquelle le débat comporterait une quatrième phase. Celle-ci se caractérise par le fait que les auteurs de la période 2002-2008 proposent une vision renouvelée de ces théories classiques.
9

RESPONSABILIDADE E SENTIMENTOS MORAIS: UMA PROPOSTA DE NATURALIZAÇÃO DA RESPONSABILIDADE MORAL / MORAL RESPONSIBILITY AND FEELINGS: A PROPOSAL FOR NATURALIZING MORAL RESPONSIBILITY

Nunes, Cristina de Moraes 29 March 2016 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study seeks to address the relevance of moral sentiments for moral responsibility attribution through reactive theory of Peter Strawson and his critics. The central thesis which I try to hold onto is that the attribution of moral responsibility is something quite complex, it is related to how we respond the actions of the agents, but also involves the rational capacity of reflective self-control agent, being able to present reasons for his action and be able to control his desires. Thus, the morally responsible agent is one that is motivated by his desires, but he is able to reason morally on what the consequences of his action. In other words, be a responsible person involves having social competence to act in accordance with moral norms, but also be able to reflect on his practice, so a subject with normal cognitive powers and able to regulate his beliefs and desires. Given the cultural pluralism, we note that there is a symmetrical relationship between the moral sentiments and moral beliefs, so that the moral sentiments may be influenced by moral beliefs we form throughout our life as well as moral beliefs are formed from feelings. These moral beliefs may be revised or regulated, this review may come from the acquisition of new information, which may come from comparing our set of beliefs with the set of beliefs of another culture. But this regulation of moral beliefs is the result of an evolutionary process that our species suffered, which it has made over the years, people could improve their way of working with the others, and also be able to autonomously question whether certain beliefs are in fact true. What I propose is that science is an ally of ethics, and scientific explanations can contribute to a better understanding of what is morally right and wrong. Understanding our human nature we become more able to 'see' the world differently and realize that certain emotions can contribute to our social life. In this way, we can realize that it makes no sense to continue resentful of someone in a situation which the agent has good grounds for leaving to feel such a feeling. Realizing this we can notice the complexity of our human species and how much we still need to advance the field of morality, seeking a moral improvement that does not happen only in the context of standards, but mostly at maturity that allows being able to analyze the circumstances and the reasons for the action with greater discernment. To defend such a position, I will use Strawson reactive theory, and criticism raised to such a theory by Wallace (1994), Russell (2002) and Fischer and Ravizza (1998), namely that Strawson fails to present a rational capacity guide the allocation of moral responsibility. The solution to this problem is to defend the rational capacity, as well as the social competence of the agent, it is a necessary condition to consider the morally responsible people, including the rational capacity of the agent is what allows him to reflect on his social practice. To better assess these issues it is necessary an analysis of the moral psychology and knowledge to know about the way people in their daily lives assess the actions of the agents and consequently assign moral responsibility to them. So my goal is to show how proposal of Strawson is still relevant to discussions about attribution of moral responsibility, as well as propose a progress in discussion on this topic by means of a moral realist naturalist position. / O presente estudo busca tratar da relevância dos sentimentos morais para a atribuição de responsabilidade moral, através da teoria reativa de Peter Strawson e de seus críticos. A tese central, a qual procuro sustentar, é que a atribuição de responsabilidade moral é algo bastante complexo, está relacionada à forma como reagimos frente às ações dos agentes, mas também envolve a capacidade racional do agente de autocontrole reflexivo, estando apto em apresentar razões para a sua ação e ser capaz de frear os seus desejos. Desse modo, o agente moralmente responsável é aquele que se sente motivado por seus desejos, mas é capaz de raciocinar moralmente sobre quais seriam as consequências da sua ação. Em outras palavras, ser uma pessoa responsável envolve ter competência social para agir de acordo com as normas morais, mas também ser capaz de refletir sobre a sua prática, ou seja, um sujeito com suas capacidades cognitivas normais e capaz de regular as suas crenças e desejos. Dado o pluralismo cultural, podemos notar que há uma relação simétrica entre os sentimentos morais e as crenças morais, de modo que os sentimentos morais podem ser influenciados pelas crenças morais que formamos ao longo de nossa vida, bem como as crenças morais serem formadas a partir dos sentimentos. Essas crenças morais podem ser revisadas ou reguladas, essa revisão pode vir da aquisição de novas informações, que podem vir da comparação de nosso conjunto de crenças com o conjunto de crenças de outra cultura. Mas também essa regulação das crenças morais é resultado de um processo evolutivo que sofreu a nossa espécie, que fez com que, ao longo dos anos, as pessoas pudessem aprimorar o seu modo de conviver com as demais e também ser capaz de autonomamente questionar se determinadas crenças são, de fato, verdadeiras. O que proponho é que a ciência é uma aliada da ética, sendo que as explicações científicas podem contribuir para uma melhor compreensão do que é correto e incorreto moralmente. Compreendendo a nossa natureza humana, tornamo-nos mais aptos a ver o mundo de maneira diferente e perceber que certas emoções podem contribuir para a nossa vida social. Dessa maneira, podemos dar-nos conta de que não faz sentido continuar ressentido com alguém numa situação em que o agente apresenta boas razões para que deixemos de sentir tal sentimento. Perceber isso faz com que notemos a complexidade de nossa espécie humana e o quanto ainda precisamos avançar no campo da moralidade, buscando um aprimoramento moral que não se dá apenas no âmbito de normas, mas principalmente na maturidade que permite sermos capazes de analisar as circunstâncias e as razões para a ação com maior discernimento. Para defender tal posição, utilizarei a teoria reativa de Strawson e a crítica levantada a tal teoria feita por Wallace (1994), Russell (2002) e Fischer e Ravizza (1998), a saber, que Strawson falha em apresentar uma capacidade racional que guie a atribuição de responsabilidade moral. A solução para tal problema é defender que a capacidade racional, assim como a competência social do agente, é uma condição necessária para considerar as pessoas moralmente responsáveis, inclusive a capacidade racional do agente é que lhe permite refletir sobre a sua prática social. Para avaliar melhor tais questões, faz-se necessária uma análise sobre questões de psicologia moral e de conhecimento moral, para saber como as pessoas, no seu cotidiano, avaliam as ações dos agentes e, consequentemente, atribuem-lhes responsabilidade moral. Portanto, o meu objetivo é mostrar como a proposta strawsoniana continua sendo relevante para as discussões sobre a atribuição de responsabilidade moral, mas também apresentar uma proposta de avanço na discussão sobre esse tema através de uma posição naturalista realista moral.
10

Morality's Alpha: A Case Study Determining Whether Morality Must Be the Basis of Capitalism

Stroud, Ian Cecil January 2020 (has links)
No description available.

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