L’autisme est un syndrome neuro-développemental caractérisé par des anomalies qualitatives des interactions sociales, de la communication et un répertoire restreint, répétitif et stéréotypé de comportements, d’activités et d’intérêts. Des anomalies motrices, cardio-respiratoires et autonomiques ont été décrites chez les enfants autistes et pourraient les limiter dans la réalisation d’un effort physique. Ce travail avait pour objectifs d’évaluer la condition physique d’enfants autistes comparés à des enfants témoins au regard de plusieurs déterminants physiologiques et environnementaux. Quarante garçons âgés de 8 à 13 ans ont participé à l’étude : 20 enfants témoins (TEM : 10,0±1,6 ans) et 20 enfants autistes (AUT : 10,7±1,3 ans ; QI>70). Une épreuve d’effort maximal sur tapis a permis de mesurer le débit de consommation maximale d’oxygène (VO2max). De plus, le système nerveux autonome a été évalué sur un test orthostatique par une analyse de variabilité de fréquence cardiaque et des enregistrements nocturnes. Enfin, les capacités motrices ont été déterminées à l’aide de trois batteries de tests moteurs complémentaires (EUROFIT, M-ABC et PANESS) ; et des mesures du sommeil et de l’activité physique ont été recueillies par actimétrie et questionnaires, et mises en lien avec la condition physique. A l’issue de l’épreuve d’effort maximal, les enfants autistes ont des valeurs de VO2pic inférieures ainsi qu’une vitesse maximale et une durée d’effort plus courte. Les évaluations du système nerveux autonome montrent une variabilité de fréquence cardiaque supérieure chez les autistes, avec notamment un tonus parasympathique significativement élevé par rapport aux témoins. Les tests moteurs mettent en évidence des altérations motrices significatives chez les autistes en comparaison aux témoins sur l’ensemble des capacités motrices et plus particulièrement sur l’équilibre statique, l’équilibre dynamique et la force musculaire. Enfin, le niveau d’activité physique des autistes est inférieur alors que les indices du sommeil sont similaires entre les deux groupes. Ces résultats montrent que la condition physique des enfants autistes présente des spécificités qui pourraient les limiter dans la réalisation d’un exercice physique. Cependant dans notre étude, tous les enfants ont montré une aptitude à réaliser une épreuve d’effort maximal. Les enfants autistes seraient davantage limités dans le maintien de cet effort par les caractéristiques propres au handicap autistique (motivation, intérêts restreints…) qui entraîneraient une difficulté à s’engager dans une activité. Les barrières rencontrées par les enfants autistes doivent être levées pour adapter l’activité physique à leurs besoins et capacités et ainsi favoriser leur insertion. / Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social and communication impairments, with abnormal repetitive and stereotypic behaviors. Cardio-respiratory, motor and autonomic disorders are found on autistic children and may limit them in a physical effort. This work has been done to evaluate the physical condition of children with autism compared to control children. Forty boys aged from 8 to 13 had participated in the study: 20 control children (CONT: 10.0±1.6 years) and 20 children with autism (AUT: 10.7±1.3 years; IQ> 70). A maximal effort on treadmill had measured the maximum oxygen consumption rate (VO2max). The autonomic nervous system had been assessed by heart rate variability on an orthostatic test and nocturnal recordings. Motor abilities had been determined by using three batteries of additional motor tests (EUROFIT, M-ABC and PANESS). Sleep and physical activity had been collected by actigraphy and questionnaires, and linked with physical fitness. After the maximal effort, the result of this test had shown that autistic children had lower VO2pic values and shorter exercise duration. Evaluations of the autonomic nervous system also showed greater heart rate variability in autism, including a parasympathetic tone significantly higher compared to controls. The motor tests showed significant impairments in autism compared to controls on all motor skills and especially on static balance, dynamic balance and muscle strength. Finally, children with autism had lower physical activity level than control while sleep indices are similar between the two groups. Then, these results show specificities in the physical fitness for autism children that might limit them in a physical exercise. However, in our study, all children had shown an ability to perform a maximal exercise test. Autistic children seemed to be more limited to maintain this effort by the autistic features (motivation, restricted interests ...) that would lead to limit physical engagement. By this test, we may advance that children with autism may have barriers which must be lifted to adapt physical activity to their needs and abilities and then promote their integration.

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Title: The level of motor skills and physical activity in school-age children (9-11 years) Author: Bc.Tomáš Šorna Supervisor: Mgr. Jakub Kokštejn, Ph.D. Objectives: An aim of the work is to find out, in one week of monitoring, a relationship between physical activity of young school-age children and their level of motoric skills with respect to their age. The aim is also to find character of mutual relationships between indicators of physical activity and motoric skills. Methods: The target market of the thesis are pupils of third, fourth and fifth classes (n=73; 10,3 ± 0,8 years) in one of the primary schools in Příbram. In the thesis has been applied method of analysis Actigraph GT3X, which has analysed physical activity and TGMD-2 test (Test of Gross Motor Skills - 2nd edition) to find out needful data of motoric skills. Results: Average figure of moderately to high physical activity exceeded recommended level of physical activity good for health development (70 ± 38,7 min). However, 70% of young pupils reached below-average to low results. Moderately strong relationship (p < 0,01; r = 0,405) has been found out between physical activity (average medium to high intensive physical activity per day) and motoric skills (total performance during TGMD-2 test). Impact of the age has not been found...

The main subject of this diploma thesis was to find out and compare the motor skills level and the somatic characteristics by standard testing battery Unifittest 6-60. This research was applied on two youth football teams which are U14 category. After all, these aspects were compared with the population average and both teams among them too. Testing was done during the summer preparatory term. All facts were gained and evaluated personally. The teams were chosen deliberately from two different competitive levels and we supposed the better results for the team of the higher competition. This premise was confirmed, apart from some exceptions.

The aim of the work was to prove the correlation between the results of MABC-2 (Movement Assesment Battery for Children-2nd edition) and Iowa Brace test in ice hockey players aged 6 - 9 years. Testing was attended by 90 children who regularly attend hockey training HC Motor České Budějovice. Evaluations are based on quantitative results that are presented using tables. The resulting values were compared with the results of other authors. Subsequently, both test batteries were metered using the Spearman correlation coefficient and the Wilcoxon sequencing test. The correlation dependence has been demonstrated for all categories of bases. Wilcoxon's dependence was confirmed only in the younger categories (U6 and U7) in the two older categories was not confirmed. The work has shown that there is a correlation between the results of the MABC-2 test battery and the Iowa Brace test. Measurements took place at the Grünwald Primary School in České Budějovice

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:19:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3598.pdf: 1656101 bytes, checksum: 5a2e1fda1dddbe758b4f2be808a80795 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-28 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / Background: During the first year of life, the human infant learns fundamental behaviors, such as reaching and manipulating, which will be extensively performed to explore objects. This exploration is performed by means of diversified manual actions, which may be influenced by organic immaturity, such as late prematurity, and by external perturbations, such as addition of weight load on upper limbs. Objective: This work had as general aim to verify the manual exploratory behavior in late preterm infants and full-term infants from 5 to 7 months of age, with and without additional weight load on wrists. Methods: Nine low-risk preterm infants (5 male) with minimal and maximal gestational ages of, respectively, 34 and 36 weeks and 6 days (M =35.6 ± 0.5) and mean birth weight of 2.960±0.25 kilograms, and 10 healthy fullterm infants (4 male) with minimal and maximal gestational ages of, respectively, 38 and 42 weeks (M =39.0 ± 0.73) and mean birth weight of 3.363 ± 0.14 kilograms, participated in this research. The infants were evaluated longitudinally at 5, 6 and 7 months of age (corrected to the preterm infants). The infants were placed in a baby chair reclined 50º from the horizontal and were tested in two experimental conditions: without the use of weight load (A) and with the use of weight load (B). During condition A, an attractive, silent and malleable rubber object, unfamiliar to the infants, was presented by the examiner at the infant s midline for 120 seconds. The infant could freely explore the object by up to 20 seconds or up to drop it. During condition B the same procedure conducted during condition A was carried out, however a bracelet weighting 20% of total arm mass was attached to the infant's both wrists. The evaluations were recorded by three digital cameras and analyzed frame by frame. The manual exploratory actions were coded as Fingering, Mouthing, Waving, Banging on the Object, Banging the Object, Transferring, Rotating, and Alternating. Results: The age of 7 months seemed to represent a gain in frequencies of actions Fingering, Waving, Banging-the-object and Rotating in preterm infants. They performed a lower frequency of action Mouthing compared to full-term infants at all ages (p<0.05). There were no significant differences (p>0.05) between conditions A and B in any studied variable, regardless of group or age. Conclusions: There were a decrease in the frequency of Fingering and an increase in the frequencies of Waving, Banging the Object and Rotating in both groups in the studied age. Although the preterm infants have seemed to mouth the object less than the full-term infants, in general the manual exploratory behavior was similar between the groups. Furthermore, the somatossensory and mechanical stimulus provided by the weight load was irrelevant to the frequency of performance of the exploratory actions, presenting a stabilizer effect on them in both studied groups. The late prematurity did not interfere in the infants motor responses as a function of the additional weight load at the studied age. / Contextualização: Durante o primeiro ano de vida, o lactente humano aprende comportamentos fundamentais, como alcançar e manipular, que serão empregados extensivamente para explorar os objetos. Essa exploração é realizada por meio de ações manuais diversificadas, as quais podem ser influenciadas pela imaturidade orgânica, como a prematuridade tardia, e por perturbações externas, como a adição de peso nos membros superiores. Objetivo: Este trabalho teve por objetivo geral verificar o comportamento exploratório manual de lactentes pré-termo tardios e lactentes a termo de 5 a 7 meses de idade, com e sem uso de peso adicional nos punhos. Métodos: Para isto, participaram da pesquisa 09 lactentes pré-termo tardios de baixo risco (5 do sexo masculino), com idade gestacional mínima de 34 semanas e máxima de 36 semanas e 6 dias (M=35,6±0,5 semanas) e peso médio ao nascimento de 2,960±0,25 quilogramas, e 10 lactentes a termo saudáveis (4 do sexo masculino), com idades gestacionais mínima e máxima respectivas de 38 e 42 semanas (M= 39±0,73 semanas) e peso médio ao nascimento de 3,363±0,14 quilogramas. Os lactentes foram avaliados longitudinalmente aos 5, 6 e 7 meses, sendo a idade corrigida para a prematuridade. Sentados em uma cadeira infantil inclinada a 50º com a horizontal, os lactentes foram testados em duas condições experimentais: na condição A, um objeto atrativo maleável, não-sonoro e não familiar ao lactente foi apresentado pelo examinador, na linha média do tronco do lactente, na altura de seus ombros, numa distância alcançável, por um período de 120 segundos. O lactente podia explorar o objeto livremente por até 20 segundos após alcançá-lo ou até deixá-lo cair; na condição B foi realizado o mesmo procedimento da condição A, entretanto, adicionando-se um bracelete com peso de 20% da massa total de seu membro superior em ambos os punhos do lactente. As avaliações foram filmadas por três câmeras digitais e analisadas quadro a quadro. Foram codificadas as seguintes ações exploratórias manuais: Deslizar, Objeto à Boca, Agitar, Bater no Objeto, Bater com Objeto, Transferir, Girar, e Alternar. Resultados: A idade de 7 meses pareceu representar um ganho nas freqüências das ações Deslizar, Agitar, Bater com Objeto e Girar nos lactentes pré-termo. Estes realizam uma menor freqüência da ação Objeto à Boca em comparação aos lactentes a termo em todas as idades (p<0,05). Não houve diferenças significativas (p>0,05) entre as condições A e B em nenhuma das ações estudadas, independentemente de grupo ou idade. Conclusões: Houve diminuição na freqüência da ação Deslizar e ganho nas freqüências das ações Agitar, Bater com Objeto e Girar em ambos os grupos no período estudado. Embora os lactentes prétermo tenham levado o objeto à boca em menor freqüência do que os lactentes a termo, de forma geral o comportamento exploratório manual foi similar entre os grupos. Além disso, o estímulo somatossensorial e mecânico fornecido pelo peso adotado foi irrelevante para a freqüência de acionamento das ações exploratórias, apresentando efeito estabilizador sobre as mesmas em ambos os grupos estudados. A prematuridade tardia não interferiu nas respostas motoras dos lactentes em função do peso adicional na faixa etária estudada.

This study aimed to validate an instrument designed to assess the oral motor skills in children at 9 months of age, as well as to assess the influence of oral behaviors and breastfeeding on them. Six judges with oralfacial motricity experience and 125 children belonging to the 4th Regional Health of Rio Grande do Sul State participated in this study. For the content analysis, the instrument was sent to judges in order to verify the agreement about its relevance and pertinence. In a second moment, the instrument was applied in children. A questionnaire answered by parents investigated the presence of oral behaviors in this population. The results showed satisfactory content validity and reliability; however, the factorial validity indicated a need for revision since five of the eleven items not shown to be contributing to assess the oral motor skills in children at this age. Regarding the influence of oral behaviors and breastfeeding, the pacifier negatively affected the abilities of suction while breastfeeding positively affected them. It was also found that although most children did not present ability to use the cup, the behavior of putting objects in mouth has promoted the development of such ability. We concluded that the instrument proposed can be use to evaluate the oral motor skills in children at 9 months of age. The oral motor skills developed well when breastfeeding was present. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo validar um instrumento elaborado para avaliar as habilidade orais de crianças, aos 9 meses de idade, bem com verificar a influência de hábitos orais e do aleitamento materno sobre as mesmas. O estudo contou com a participação de 6 juízes, com formação e experiência na área da Motricidade Orofacial, e de 125 crianças com cerca de 9 meses de idade, pertencentes à região da 4ª Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul. Para a análise de conteúdo, o instrumento foi enviado aos juízes com o objetivo de verificar a concordância sobre a pertinência e validade dos itens propostos. Em um segundo momento, o instrumento foi aplicado às crianças participantes. Através de questionário aplicado aos pais foi investigada a presença de hábitos orais na população estudada. O instrumento elaborado apresentou validade de conteúdo e de fidedignidade satisfatórias, no entanto, a análise fatorial indicou a necessidade de reformulação do instrumento, uma vez que cinco dos onze itens avaliados não acrescentaram contribuição para avaliar as habilidades orais de crianças aos 9 meses de idade. Em relação à influência de hábitos orais e do aleitamento materno, verificou-se que o uso da chupeta influenciou negativamente as habilidades de sucção. Já o aleitamento materno favoreceu o desenvolvimento das habilidades orais na sucção, no grupo estudado. Verificou-se também que, embora a maioria das crianças não apresentasse habilidade para usar o copo, o hábito de introduzir objetos na boca favoreceu o desenvolvimento de tal habilidade. Conclui-se que o instrumento elaborado pode ser utilizado na avaliação das habilidades orais de crianças, aos 9 meses de idade. As habilidades orais desenvolveram-se de forma mais adequada na presença do aleitamento materno.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:46:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3867.pdf: 870359 bytes, checksum: c532578efdc88b6f2e540da1eeac87bf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-25 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / Many people with intellectual disabilities have been deprived of experiences of physical activity, leisure, culture, among others, throughout life, by no offering programs and the historical process of repression in society. The deprivation of motor experiences may generate insufficient learning and development of fundamental motor skills, essential for the satisfactory implementation of activities of daily living, from anyone. Consequently, these conditions can affect your quality of life. Therefore, this research aims to develop, implement and evaluate a program of regular physical activity in physical education classes, for adults with intellectual disabilities, checking possible changes in the ability to walk, run, sit, stand, jump and balance held by these people. This research has described an institutional reality, configuring it as a research-action, involving the participation of adult learners with intellectual disabilities and their parents or guardians, an intern at the Physical Education course, in addition to the researcher. Results were obtained from interviews with those responsible for the students, the analysis of field notes, individual sheets of evaluation of activities, lesson plans and assessment tests of motor skills. The data have to see that there was significant improvement in student performance in relation to motor skills worked in firearms. However, much of this success, the program has provided noticeable improvement of emotional and relational skills of participating students, emphasizing the spirit of cooperation that blossomed between them from the proposed activities. Thus, one can assume that rises and settles from there, self-confidence, one of the requirements for independent living. It is recommended that a new thinking about the need for greater encouragement of the development and implementation of programs for people with disabilities, think about this, supported by the appropriation of the conditions that have to do during the execution of this research and that resulted in an intense and meaningful transformation for all involved in this research. / Muitas pessoas com deficiência intelectual foram privadas de vivências de atividade física, lazer, cultura, entre outros, durante toda a vida, pelo não oferecimento de programas e pelo processo histórico de repressão da sociedade. A privação de experiências motoras pode gerar aprendizagem e desenvolvimento insuficientes das habilidades motoras fundamentais, essenciais para a realização satisfatória de atividades da vida diária, de qualquer pessoa. Conseqüentemente, estas condições podem influenciar na sua qualidade de vida. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo elaborar, aplicar e avaliar um programa de atividades físicas sistematizadas, nas aulas de Educação Física, voltado às pessoas adultas com deficiência intelectual, verificando as possíveis modificações nas habilidades de andar, correr, sentar-se, levantar-se, saltar e na capacidade de equilíbrio realizadas por estas pessoas. A pesquisa teve caráter descritivo de uma realidade institucional, configurando-se como uma investigação-ação, envolvendo a participação de alunos adultos com deficiência intelectual, seus pais e ou responsáveis, uma estagiária do curso de Educação Física, além da própria pesquisadora. Os resultados foram obtidos a partir da entrevista com os responsáveis pelos alunos, da análise do diário de campo, das fichas individuais de avaliação das atividades, dos planos de aula e testes de avaliação de habilidades motoras. Os dados deram a ver que houve sensível melhora no desempenho dos alunos em relação às habilidades motoras trabalhadas no PAFS. Porém, muito mais do que este sucesso, o programa propiciou visível melhoria das condições emocionais e relacionais dos alunos participantes, salientando o espírito de cooperação que desabrochou entre eles a partir das atividades propostas. Com isso, pode-se supor, que nasce e se sedimenta a partir daí, a auto-confiança, um dos requisitos necessários à vida independente. Recomenda-se um novo pensar sobre a necessidade de maior incentivo à elaboração e aplicação de programas destinados às pessoas com deficiências, pensar este, sustentado pela apropriação das condições que se deram a ver durante a execução desta pesquisa e que redundaram em uma intensa e significativa transformação para todos os envolvidos nesta pesquisa.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T17:32:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RESUMO - Sheila C S Pacheco.pdf: 60890 bytes, checksum: 735ed028e5b824bc91236e13f50b161e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Researches have been indicating a close relationship between cognitive and motor function. There is evidence that academic performance is closely related to the level of motor proficiency. First school years provide a solid base for more integrated motor skills required in upper grades. Therefore, it is crucial to test elementary school-aged children early on motor skill ability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between motor function and school performance at ages 8-11 years. Besides this, we were also interested in if there was a specific type of motor function that may be an influencing factor at this age, specially, interlimb coordination. Motor and academic skills were examined in 101 Brazilian children from three public school using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2) (Fine Manual Control, Manual Coordination, Body Coordination, and Strength & Agility) and Academic Performance Test (APT). Children were classified using percentiles representing LOW (less than or equal to 25%), AVERAGE (between greater than 25% and less than 75%) and HIGH (greater than or equal to 75%). Children considered AVERAGE were not included in this study. T test and regression logistic analyses were used to examine the association between motor function and academic performance (classified as low and high). Results indicated a significant difference between groups for Total Motor Composite (p<.001) favoring the High group. Regression analyses revealed a significant relation between academic and motor performance, specially, Body Coordination. Of the subtests of Body Coordination (Bilateral Coordination and Balance), Bilateral Coordination accounted for the highest impact on academic performance. The results support the close relationship between the motor and academic performance, especially in activities involving the interlimb coordination in children of 8-11 years. / Pesquisadores tem demonstrado uma relação entre as funções cognitivas e motoras. Há evidencias que o desempenho escolar está diretamente relacionando ao nível de proficiência motora. Os primeiros anos escolares fornecem uma base sólida para as habilidades motoras as quais são necessárias para os anos escolares mais avançados. Portanto, é fundamental avaliar as habilidades motoras de crianças em idade escolar que estejam em anos do ensino fundamental. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a relação entre a função motora e o desempenho escolar em idades 8-11 anos. De forma especifica, foi analisada qual a área motora que mais se relaciona com o desempenho escolar na idade investigada e se haveria relação entre a coordenação entre os membros e o desempenho escolar. As habilidades motoras e escolares foram investigadas em 101 crianças provenientes de escolas públicas. Utilizou-se como instrumentos de medidas o Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency 2 (BOT-2) (Controle Motor Fino, Coordenação Manual, Coordenação Corporal, e Força & Agilidade) e o Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE). As crianças foram classificadas utilizando percentis Baixo (menor ou igual a 25%), na Média (maior que 25% e menor que 75%) e Alto (maior ou igual a 75%), obtido de acordo com o escore bruto de desempenho escolar. Crianças consideradas na média não foram incluídas neste estudo. Para examinar a associação entre a função motora e o desempenho escolar entre os grupos Baixo e Alto foram utilizadas análises por Test T e regressão logística. Os resultados indicaram uma diferença significativa entre os grupos para a Composição Motora Total (p <0,001) que favorecia o grupo Alto. As análises por regressão logística indicaram uma relação significativa entre o desempenho escolar e motor, especialmente, na Coordenação Corporal. Ao analisar os subtestes de Coordenação Corporal (Coordenação Bilateral e Equilíbrio), somente a Coordenação Bilateral demonstrou ser significante, com maior impacto sobre o desempenho escolar. Os resultados apoiam a estreita relação entre o comportamento motor e o desempenho escolar, principalmente de coordenação entre os membros em crianças de 8 a 11 anos de idade.

Diploma thesis "Diagnosis of developmental dyspraxia in children and adolescents with a focus on the preference of the upper or lower extremities in sport" summarizes all available information about etiology, diagnosis and therapy of developmental dyspraxia in the theoretical part. The practical part deals with the use of the diagnostic test Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2, which is designed to identify motor disorders in children. Developmental dyspraxia is very often associated with attention problems so the Test of Attention d2 was used. Difficulty with attention has been confirmed in individuals with impaired physical abilities. There was no significant difference in the overall motor skills between handball players and soccer players. The evaluation of particular components showed significantly better results for girls playing handball in the field of manual dexterity.