Recent trends in wireless communication systems show a significant demand for the delivery of multimedia services and applications over mobile networks - mobile multimedia - like video telephony, multimedia messaging, mobile gaming, interactive and streaming video, etc. However, despite the ongoing development of key communication technologies that support these applications, the communication resources and bandwidth available to wireless/mobile radio systems are often severely limited. It is well known, that these bottlenecks are inherently due to the processing capabilities of mobile transmission systems, and the time-varying nature of wireless channel conditions and propagation environments. Therefore, new ways of processing and transmitting multimedia data over mobile radio channels have become essential which is the principal focus of this thesis. In this work, the performance and suitability of various signal processing techniques and transmission strategies in the application of multimedia data over wireless/mobile radio links are investigated. The proposed transmission systems for multimedia communication employ different data encoding schemes which include source coding in the wavelet domain, transmit diversity coding (space-time coding), and adaptive antenna beamforming (eigenbeamforming). By integrating these techniques into a robust communication system, the quality (SNR, etc) of multimedia signals received on mobile devices is maximised while mitigating the fast fading and multi-path effects of mobile channels. To support the transmission of high data-rate multimedia applications, a well known multi-carrier transmission technology known as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been implemented. As shown in this study, this results in significant performance gains when combined with other signal-processing techniques such as spa ce-time block coding (STBC). To optimise signal transmission, a novel unequal adaptive modulation scheme for the communication of multimedia data over MIMO-OFDM systems has been proposed. In this system, discrete wavelet transform/subband coding is used to compress data into their respective low-frequency and high-frequency components. Unlike traditional methods, however, data representing the low-frequency data are processed and modulated separately as they are more sensitive to the distortion effects of mobile radio channels. To make use of a desirable subchannel state, such that the quality (SNR) of the multimedia data recovered at the receiver is optimized, we employ a lookup matrix-adaptive bit and power allocation (LM-ABPA) algorithm. Apart from improving the spectral efficiency of OFDM, the modified LM-ABPA scheme, sorts and allocates subcarriers with the highest SNR to low-frequency data and the remaining to the least important data. To maintain a target system SNR, the LM-ABPA loading scheme assigns appropriate signal constella tion sizes and transmit power levels (modulation type) across all subcarriers and is adapted to the varying channel conditions such that the average system error-rate (SER/BER) is minimised. When configured for a constant data-rate load, simulation results show significant performance gains over non-adaptive systems. In addition to the above studies, the simulation framework developed in this work is applied to investigate the performance of other signal processing techniques for multimedia communication such as blind channel equalization, and to examine the effectiveness of a secure communication system based on a logistic chaotic generator (LCG) for chaos shift-keying (CSK).

The primary purpose of this work is to propose a new scheduling approach of multimedia data streams in real-time communication and also to study and analyze the various existing scheduling approaches.

With the increasing demand of video applications in wireless networks, how to better support video transmission over wireless networks has drawn much attention to the research community. Time-varying and error-prone nature of wireless channel makes video transmission in wireless networks a challenging task to provide the users with satisfactory watching experience. For different video applications, we choose different video coding techniques accordingly. E.g., for Internet video streaming, we choose standardized H.264 video codec; for video transmission in sensor networks or multicast, we choose simple and energy-conserving video coding technique based on compressive sensing. Thus, the challenges for different video transmission applications are different. Therefore, This dissertation tackles video transmission problem in three different applications. First, for dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH), we investigate the streaming strategy. Specifically, we focus on the rate adaptation algorithm for streaming scalable video (H.264/SVC) in wireless networks. We model the rate adaptation problem as a Markov Decision Process (MDP), aiming to find an optimal streaming strategy in terms of user-perceived quality of experience (QoE) such as playback interruption, average playback quality and playback smoothness. We then obtain the optimal MDP solution using dynamic programming. However, the optimal solution requires the knowledge of the available bandwidth statistics and has a large number of states, which makes it difficult to obtain the optimal solution in real time. Therefore, we further propose an online algorithm which integrates the learning and planning process. The proposed online algorithm collects bandwidth statistics and makes streaming decisions in real time. A reward parameter has been defined in our proposed streaming strategy, which can be adjusted to make a good trade-off between the average playback quality and playback smoothness.We also use a simple testbed to validate our proposed algorithm. Second, for video transmission in wireless sensor networks, we consider a wireless sensor node monitoring the environment and it is equipped with a compressive-sensing based, single-pixel image camera and other sensors such as temperature and humidity sensors. The wireless node needs to send the data out in a timely and energy efficient way. This transmission control problem is challenging in that we need to jointly consider perceived video quality, quality variation, power consumption and transmission delay requirements, and the wireless channel uncertainty. We address the above issues by first building a rate-distortion model for compressive sensing video. Then we formulate the deterministic and stochastic optimization problems and design the transmission control algorithm which jointly performs rate control, scheduling and power control. Third, we propose a low-complex, scalable video coding architecture based on compressive sensing (SVCCS) for wireless unicast and multicast transmissions. SVCCS achieves good scalability, error resilience and coding efficiency. SVCCS encoded bitstream is divided into base and enhancement layers. The layered structure provides quality and temporal scalability. While in the enhancement layer, the CS measurements provide fine granular quality scalability. We also investigate the rate allocation problem for multicasting SVCCS encoded bitstream to a group of receivers with heterogeneous channel conditions. Specifically, we study how to allocate rate between the base and enhancement layer to improve the overall perceived video quality for all the receivers. / Graduate / 0984 / siyxiang@ece.uvic.ca

abstract: Demands in file size and transfer rates for consumer-orientated products have escalated in recent times. This is primarily due to the emergence of high definition video content. Now factor in the consumer desire for convenience, and we find that wireless service is the most desired approach for inter-connectivity. Consumers expect wireless service to emulate wired service with little to virtually no difference in quality of service (QoS). The background section of this document examines the QoS requirements for wireless connectivity of high definition video applications. I then proceed to look at proposed solutions at the physical (PHY) and the media access control (MAC) layers as well as cross-layer schemes. These schemes are subsequently are evaluated in terms of usefulness in a multi-gigabit, 60 GHz wireless multimedia system targeting the average consumer. It is determined that a substantial gap in published literature exists pertinent to this application. Specifically, little or no work has been found that shows how an adaptive PHYMAC cross-layer solution that provides real-time compensation for varying channel conditions might be actually implemented. Further, no work has been found that shows results of such a model. This research proposes, develops and implements in Matlab code an alternate cross-layer solution that will provide acceptable QoS service for multimedia applications. Simulations using actual high definition video sequences are used to test the proposed solution. Results based on the average PSNR metric show that a quasi-adaptive algorithm provides greater than 7 dB of improvement over a non-adaptive approach while a fully-adaptive alogrithm provides over18 dB of improvement. The fully adaptive implementation has been conclusively shown to be superior to non-adaptive techniques and sufficiently superior to even quasi-adaptive algorithms. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Engineering 2011

Orientador: Varese Salvador Timóteo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Tecnologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T02:14:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pinotti_FernandoLuiz_M.pdf: 996964 bytes, checksum: a6ab776d59d9b99c17725660a37049c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Esta dissertação apresenta dois estudos, o primeiro trata de uma substituição do socket pela pilha TCP/IP uIP de um gerador de trafego multimídia sobre IP com o objetivo de manipularmos os campos dos cabeçalhos IP (Ipv4 Type of Service, e Ipv6 Traffic Class), que serão utilizados para a identificação dos serviços multimídia. O gerador gera diferentes tráfegos multimídia simultâneos seguindo funções de distribuições conhecidas utilizando o conceito de thread. O segundo estudo trata de modelos de simulações utilizando o simulador de eventos discretos ARENA. Propomos três diferentes modelos de simulação que simulam ambientes multimídia, onde serviços stream e elástico são requisitados simultaneamente pelos usuários. No modelo 1 foram realizados simulações propondo um estudo de demanda de requisições dos usuários. Onde, três cenários foram estudados. O primeiro, quando ocorre um aumento repentino de usuários, com isso aumentando o intervalo de requisições dos serviços. O segundo cenário, quando a duração dos serviços aumentam ocorrendo bloqueios de novos serviços por falta de recursos. E o terceiro cenário e com relação ao Controle de Admissão de Chamada (CAC) do sistema. Os modelos 2 e 3 são ambientes VPN, onde e estudado o Sojourn, tempo que o pacote leva para chegar ao host de destino. A principal diferença entre os dois modelos e que o modelo 2 não apresenta a implementação de atributos como jitter e latência. O jitter e latência influenciam no tempo que leva para o quadro ser entregue ao seu destino, podendo causar diversos problemas nos serviços stream, como degradação da qualidade do serviço ou bloqueio do serviço. O estudo de modelos de simulações e de grande importância para a validação dos resultados obtidos na emulação do gerador de tráfegos multimídia, tendo em conta que na simulação os pacotes não são transmitidos através de um meio físico, e no emulador são transmitidos de um host a outro utilizando Ethernet / Abstract: This dissertation presents two studies, the first is a replacement of a socket for a TCP/IP stack uIP of a multimedia traffic generator over IP in order to manipulate the fields of IP headers (IPv4 Type of Service and IPv6 Traffic Class), which will be used for the multimedia services identification. The multimedia traffic generator generates simultaneous multimedia services following different well known distributions functions using the concept of thread. A second study of simulation models is propose using the discrete event simulator ARENA, we propose three different simulation model witch simulates multimedia environments, where stream and elastics services are required simultaneous by users. The model 1 were performed simulations proposing a request demand study from the users. Where three scenarios were studied. The first when occurs a sudden increase of users, thereby increasing the range of requests of services. The second scenario when the length of services increases, occurring blockages of new services due the lack of resources, for example, trunks in a telephony exchange. The third scenario is related to Call Admission Control (CAC) system. Models 2 and 3 are VPN environments, where is studied the sojourn, time that the packet takes to reach the destination. The main differences between the two models is that the model 2 does not preset the attributes implementation jitter and latency. The jitter and latency affects the time it takes the frame to be delivered to its destination, may cause various problems in streaming services, such as quality of service degradation or blocking the service. The study of simulation models are of great importance for the emulation's results validations of the multimedia traffic generator, taking into account that the simulation packets are not transmitted over a physical structure, and the emulation are transmitted from one host to another using Ethernet LAN / Mestrado / Tecnologia e Inovação / Mestre em Tecnologia

No description available.

This thesis deals with investments issue for smart house systems. The theoretical part describes the definitions of the economic area, the area of intelligent systems and real estate valuation. In the practical part, there is detected the real estate price, accomplished a survey of public opinion and designed particular smart house system. The proposed solution is divided into sections and evaluated from economic and non-economic aspect. In the conclusion there is determined the value of the real estate after the completion of the investment.

Multimedia communication arises as a theoretical issue according to the constant and fast progress in information and communication technology evolution. In relation to the process of digitalization, there are made a new instruments and possibilities of communication that integrate a lot of new and also standard approaches. Focus of the public and both the producers is directing mainly to the technologies and tools. Theoretical framework that predicts the impacts and advices effective using in society context retreated into the background of interest. It is going to start massive expansion of technological instruments without the general know-how of parameters of its using and without the importance in whole society contact. Literacy in this way is a key to effective information design which allows us to communicate the message we want to in the way we want to. This document deals with issue of analysis actual state and synthesis of the basics that are important for the development of theoretical base. Main goal of this base it to support effective production of multimedia content thru identifying elementary principles that affects the transfer of message by multimedia. In the process of multimedia communication is happening that the initiator is separated from the message and has no possibility to manipulate with it during the process. So it is very necessary to act consciously and qualified during the formulations and coding to media to avoid bad reinterpretations and so that message will be resistant to the disruptive effects.

The phenomenon surrounding news media’s power to alter group identity and group cohesion is something that rarely a point of focus in communication studies. In this study I worked with a local social movement group called Stockton Stands with Minneapolis. This group illustrated the importance of maintaining shared values. Utilizing relational Interviewing, SSWM members provided evidence showing the connection between news media and group success. News media has had a role in shaping group members’ understanding of SSWM and activism. SSWM has faced internal conflict as a result of negative news representation. SSWM is a relatively small and young (2 ½ years) group when compared to more established groups and movements (such as black lives matter and #MeToo), the impact of losing any amount of membership to news representation is important and deserves attention. Therefore, in this paper I argue researchers must go beyond the conventional protest paradigm and media effects research that has commonly only examined the impact of the outgroup. There is a need for a new area of focus within media effects and activist representation, one that examines the impact of news media through multiple lenses of analysis. I argue this area would benefit from incorporating theories and concepts across the communications studies discipline. Utilizing research from the fields of media effects, interpersonal communication, and organizational communication can bring new insights to already existing understandings of activism and activist success. To help lead the charge into this new area of focus; I introduce a new paradigm and research approach called social movement splintering.

No description available.