Contrariamente ao feminismo que resume o feminino a uma construção discursiva histórica e procura atualmente desconstruir o dualismo das diferenças sexuais, considerada obrigatória e restritiva, nesta pesquisa procuramos demonstrar que se A mulher não existe, segundo Jacques Lacan, o feminino insiste não como categoria que daria enfim consistência à mulher como gênero, mas como um real que afeta o ser falante e que requer soluções de nomeações diante da foraclusão do significante dA mulher no inconsciente. Na primeira parte, intitulada As mulheres e o feminino na cultura, exploramos os diversos nomes do feminino que designaram a mulher ao longo da história ocidental que vão desde o terror à mulher passando por distintas formas de difamação, até sua adoração pelo viés da beleza ou pelo efeito que a nomeação lhe confere. Os nomes do feminino que Freud recolheu na experiência psicanalítica e nos aportes trazidos pelas mulheres analistas da época são também avaliados, bem como as teses de Lacan sobre o feminino e a condição feminina. Na segunda parte, intitulada Soluções e impasses ao feminino, investigamos as soluções de suplência e os impasses frente ao feminino em quatro mulheres: Anna O., a jovem homossexual, Helene Deutsch e Marguerite Duras através de sua personagem Lol V. Stein, elogiada por Lacan por ter elucidado uma prática da letra convergente com o uso do inconsciente, tema de nossa investigação. / Unlike the feminism abstracting the feminine into a historical discursive construction and currently demanding to deconstruct the dualism of sexual differences considered mandatory and restrictive, in this research we intend to demonstrate that, if The woman does not exist, according to the thesis of Jaques Lacan, the feminine insists not as category that would finally give consistency to the woman as gender, but as a real that affects the talking being and requires solutions of nomination according the foreclosure of The women significant in the unconscious. In the first part, entitled \"The women and the feminine in the culture\", we explored the various female names that designated the women throughout western history ranging from the terror on women, through different forms of defamation, until its worship by the beauty bias or by the effect that its appointment can cause. The names of the feminine that Freud sought on psychoanalytic experience and in the contribution brought by women analysts at the time are also evaluated, as well as the theory of Lacan on women and the feminine condition. In the second part, entitled \"Women analysis\", we investigated the solutions and deadlocks heading the female from the analysis of four women: Anna O., the young homosexual, Helene Deutsch and Marguerite Duras through its character Lol V. Stein, praised by Lacan to have elucidated a practice of convergent letter with the use of the unconscious, theme of our research.

Thesis (Ph.D. (Xitsonga)) --University of Limpopo, 2005 / Refer to the document / University of Limpopo

This paper explores the possibility that Hemingway scholars are overlooking the development of Hemingway as a writer by concentrating too much on the autobiographical elements of his writing. I am not suggesting that scholars ignore the autobiographical aspects of the writing, but rather propose that scholars acknowledge and look for the development of Hemingway's craft of writing in his novels by comparing the early texts with his posthumous works. I have chosen to show this development by comparing A Farewell to Arms and The Garden of Eden, especially through his use of the females characters Catherine in both novels. I assert that whether consciously or unconsciously, Hemingway's reuse of the name Catherine in The Garden of Eden was his attempt to address criticism of his writing by invoking a comparison of the two characters he created in an effort to show how he was able to portray a more sophisticated female character when he was an older, more mature writer. The specific writing tools Hemingway employed to accomplish this task include the use of names, details about the physical appearances of his characters, the vocation of his characters, and the dialogue of his characters.

Thesis (M.A. (African Languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2010

I conducted 2 studies to investigate the relationship between vocal verbal behavior, specifically, articulation and the production of echoics, and the presence of bidirectional Naming (BiN). In Study 1, I performed a correlational analysis using data collected on (1) responses to bidirectional Naming probes, (2) standard score son an articulation assessment, and (3) scaled scores on a sentence repetition assessment which functioned to measure echoic behavior at the sentence level for 46 early elementary students. The number of correct responses to unfamiliar stimuli using unfamiliar spoken and visual stimuli were measured for bidirectional Naming probes. Student performance on the Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation 3 served to measure the participants’ articulation of consonant and consonant cluster sounds in the English language. The Recalling Sentences subtest on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals® – Fifth Edition was used to measure the accuracy of participants’ echoic behavior when repeating spoken sentences. Results using a Pearson’s correlation showed that there was no significant correlation between bidirectional Naming and participants’ articulation scores using the Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation 3, r = .037, p = .808. However, there was a significant and overall positive correlation between bidirectional Naming and participant scores from the Recalling Sentences subtest, r = .589, p < .001. Following the results of the correlations from Study I, I tested the effects of 2 echoic training interventions on the acquisition of bidirectional Naming in 8 early elementary students that were grouped into matched pairs to form 4 dyads in Experiment I. In each dyad, 1 participant underwent a "verbal echoic” intervention consisting of echoing sentences comprised of grammatically coherent English that had verbal function. The matched participant in the same dyad went through an “acoustic echoic” intervention that used the same words contained in the sentence echoed by the participant in the verbal echoic intervention but scrambled so that the sentence were syntactically and semantically incoherent and thus, lacked verbal function. Results showed that 5 out of the 8 participants have acquired bidirectional Naming following either echoic condition. More specifically, 4 participants acquired bidirectional Naming after the verbal echoic condition. One other participant acquired bidirectional Naming following the acoustic echoic condition. The implications of the differences in the effectiveness of the two intervention conditions are discussed with regard to the significance of acquiring bidirectional Naming.

<p>The fact that five invasions have taken place in Great Britain, which all made a big impact on the country, makes the history of place-names particularly interesting. The aim of this essay is therefore to compare place-names in the Manchester area and the London area, and try to find the origin of the names. An additional aim is to find out which foreign invasion, if any, has coloured the areas the most.</p>

<p>Sammanfattning</p><p>331 svenska högstadielärare bedömde i en enkät tio olika förnamn</p><p>på fiktiva elever inom fem dimensioner: framgångsrik, populär</p><p>bland kamrater, social förmåga, maskulin/feminin och</p><p>socioekonomisk status. Namnen valdes enligt följande: två vanliga</p><p>namn, två ovanliga, två namn vanligast bland höginkomsttagare,</p><p>två vanligast bland låginkomsttagare och två av icke-svenskt</p><p>ursprung. Hypoteserna var att förnamnen skulle ha olika</p><p>konnotationer, att detta skulle visa sig inom samtliga fem</p><p>dimensioner samt att vanliga namn och namn typiska för</p><p>höginkomsttagare skulle få en mera positiv bedömning än övriga.</p><p>Undersökningen gav stöd åt samtliga hypoteser.</p><p>Effektmagnituderna var stora. Respondenternas kön, ålder och</p><p>yrkeserfarenhet påverkade vissa bedömningar signifikant men</p><p>effektmagnituderna var små. Resultaten indikerar att</p><p>namnkonnotationer är ett förekommande fenomen även i Sverige,</p><p>åtminstone på högstadiet.</p><p>Nyckelord. Förnamn, lärare, namnkonnotationer.</p> / <p>Abstract</p><p>In a questionnaire, 331 Swedish junior high school teachers assessed</p><p>ten first names of imaginary students across five dimensions; success,</p><p>popularity, social skills, masculinity/femininity, and socioeconomic</p><p>status. Names were chosen as follows; two common and two</p><p>uncommon names, two names common among high-income groups,</p><p>two common among low-income groups and two names of non-</p><p>Swedish origin. It was hypothesized that these first names would have</p><p>differing connotations in all five dimensions and that common names</p><p>and names common in high-income groups would be judged more</p><p>favourably than the other names. The results support all these</p><p>hypotheses. Effect sizes were large. Respondent sex, age and</p><p>experience affected some results significantly, but effect sizes were</p><p>small. Results indicate that name connotations are a factor in Sweden</p><p>too, at least in junior high school.</p><p>Keywords: First names, teachers, name connotations</p>

Sammanfattning 331 svenska högstadielärare bedömde i en enkät tio olika förnamn på fiktiva elever inom fem dimensioner: framgångsrik, populär bland kamrater, social förmåga, maskulin/feminin och socioekonomisk status. Namnen valdes enligt följande: två vanliga namn, två ovanliga, två namn vanligast bland höginkomsttagare, två vanligast bland låginkomsttagare och två av icke-svenskt ursprung. Hypoteserna var att förnamnen skulle ha olika konnotationer, att detta skulle visa sig inom samtliga fem dimensioner samt att vanliga namn och namn typiska för höginkomsttagare skulle få en mera positiv bedömning än övriga. Undersökningen gav stöd åt samtliga hypoteser. Effektmagnituderna var stora. Respondenternas kön, ålder och yrkeserfarenhet påverkade vissa bedömningar signifikant men effektmagnituderna var små. Resultaten indikerar att namnkonnotationer är ett förekommande fenomen även i Sverige, åtminstone på högstadiet. Nyckelord. Förnamn, lärare, namnkonnotationer. / Abstract In a questionnaire, 331 Swedish junior high school teachers assessed ten first names of imaginary students across five dimensions; success, popularity, social skills, masculinity/femininity, and socioeconomic status. Names were chosen as follows; two common and two uncommon names, two names common among high-income groups, two common among low-income groups and two names of non- Swedish origin. It was hypothesized that these first names would have differing connotations in all five dimensions and that common names and names common in high-income groups would be judged more favourably than the other names. The results support all these hypotheses. Effect sizes were large. Respondent sex, age and experience affected some results significantly, but effect sizes were small. Results indicate that name connotations are a factor in Sweden too, at least in junior high school. Keywords: First names, teachers, name connotations

La tesis de doctorado "Understanding, Evaluating and Selecting Voting Rules Through Games and Axioms" de Danilo Santa Cruz Coelho está compuesta de cuatro capítulos. La introducción es el primero y describe brevemente el contenido de los capítulos siguientes. En el Capítulo 2, en el contexto de un modelo de votación probabilística propuesto por Rae (1969), el autor investiga las consecuencias de elegir reglas de votación según el criterio de maximin. En el modelo, una regla de votación es el número mínimo de votantes favorables necesarios a una propuesta para que esta sea aceptada. El autor demuestra que la regla de votación que satisface el criterio de maximin puede ser distinta de la mayoría simple que es la que maximiza la suma de las utilidades esperadas de los votantes. El autor proporciona una caracterización de las reglas de votación que satisfacen el criterio de maximin. En el Capítulo 3, dos juegos que pueden ser inducidos por la regla de los k nombres son propuestos y analizados. El autor proporciona para cada uno de los juegos una caracterización del conjunto de los resultados del equilibrio fuerte de Nash. Estas caracterizaciones permiten al autor discutir las preferencias de los jugadores sobre diferentes variantes de la regla de los k nombres. Una parte importante de la regla de los k nombres es el procedimiento utilizado para seleccionar los k nombres que son propuestos al individuo que toma la decisión final. Seis reglas diferentes de selección que son utilizadas en la realidad por diferentes cuerpos decisorios alrededor del mundo son documentadas. En el Capítulo 4, el autor estudia si estas reglas satisfacen la propiedad de estabilidad. Una regla cumple esta propiedad si esta siempre selecciona un conjunto Weak Condorcet y cuando exista un conjunto con esta característica. El autor demuestra que todas estas seis reglas violan esta propiedad si los votantes no actúan estratégicamente. El autor entonces propone dos reglas estables. Finalmente, él proporciona dos justificaciones para el uso extensivo de las reglas inestables. / The dissertation entitled "Understanding, Evaluating and Selecting Voting Rules Through Games and Axioms" by Danilo Santa Cruz Coelho is composed of four chapters. The introduction is the first one and describes briefly the contents of the following chapters. In Chapter 2, in the context of a probabilistic voting model proposed by Rae (1969), the author investigates the consequences of choosing among threshold voting rules according to the maximin criterion. A threshold voting rule is given by the minimum number of votes needed to approve a proposal of change from the status quo. The author shows that the voting rules that satisfy the maximin criterion are different from the simple majority rule which is the one that maximizes the sum of voter's expected utilities. He provides a characterization of the threshold voting rules that satisfy this criterion as a function of the distribution of voters' probabilities to favour change from the status quo. In Chapter 3, two different game theoretical models that can be induced by the rule of k names are proposed and analysed. A characterization of the set of strong Nash Equilibrium outcomes of each of the games is provided. These characterizations enable the author to discuss the preferences of the players over different variants of the rule of k names. An important part of the rule of k names is the procedure used to screen out the k names to be proposed to the individual who takes the final decision. Six different screening rules which are used in reality by different decision bodies around the world are documented. In Chapter 4, he studies whether these screening rules satisfy stability. A screening rule is stable if it always selects a weak Condorcet set whenever such set exists. He shows that all of the six screening rules violate stability if the voters act not strategically. He then proposes two screening rules which satisfy stability. Finally, he provides two possible justifications for the widespread use of unstable screening rules.

The present study discusses some of the culture-specific and name issues encountered during a translation from English into Swedish of the walking guide Leisure walks for all ages - The Lake District. Peter Newmark’s model of translation procedures forms the basis for the analysis and a variety of his translation procedures are examined in relation to the two specific aspects – culture-specific phenomena and names. The results show in reference to culture-specific phenomena that whenever a cultural word in the source text did not seem to have an established translation in the target language, either the cultural equivalent-, functional equivalent-, descriptive equivalent- or the additions translation procedure were used. With reference to names, Newmark’s transference translation procedure was used. If the name merely served as a label or was likely to be understood by the target reader transference alone was used. However, when the purpose of the name was to explain the way or a place, or if it was likely that the geographical feature might be unknown to the target reader, transference was used with a classifier.   : culture,