No description available.

Bakgrund: Övergången från student till sjuksköterska har visat sig vara problematisk. Detta beror delvis på att det finns ett glapp mellan teori och praktik, dels att det finns skillnader i den sociala kulturen mellan högskola och yrkeslivet. En studie från socialstyrelsen visade att nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor uppvisar brister i behandling av svårt sjuka patienter, handha teknisk utrustning, undervisning och stöd för patienter samt rollen som arbetsledare. 30-65 procent av nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor byter arbetsplats under det första året och detta påverkar hälso- och sjukvården. Därför finns introduktionsprogram. Ofta sker en socialiseringsprocess som gör att nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor blir en del av en kultur inom yrket. Syfte: Att belysa övergången från student till (legitimerad) sjuksköterska. Metod: En litteraturstudie som innefattar tio kvalitativa artiklar. Artiklarna har lästs, granskats och analyserats för att sedan sammanställas. Databassökningar gjordes i PubMed och Cinahl. Resultat: Nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor upplevde att övergången från studier till yrkeslivet var svår. De uppgav att de saknade kunskap inom viktiga områden och att de inte kunde leva upp till det som förväntades av dem. Introduktion sågs som en viktig del och påverkade förmågan att utvecklas. Socialisering sker genom olika faser. Konklusion: Support och stöd visade sig vara en stor del i att känna sig välkommen på arbetsplatsen. Det fanns dock förväntningar som nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor inte kunde leva upp till och detta kunde leda till osäkerhet. Upplevelsen av yrket kan även påverkas av samhällets bild. / Background: The transition from student to nurse has proven to be problematic. This is partly because there is a gap between theory and practice, and that there are differences in the social culture between university and professional life. A study by the National Board of Health has shown that newly qualified nurses have shortcomings in the care of critically ill patients, operate technical equipment, education and support for patients and the role of supervisor. The first three months of work is the most stressful and 30-65 percent of newly graduated nurses change jobs during the first year and this affect the health service. Therefore, there is introductory programs. There is often a socialization process that allows graduated nurses to become a part of a culture within the profession. Aim: To enlighten the transition from student to (registered) nurse. Method: A literature review that includes ten qualitative studies. The articles have been read, reviewed and analyzed to then be compiled. Database searches were made in PubMed and Cinahl. Result: Newly graduated nurses felt that the transition from study to the professional life was diffucult. They said that they lacked knowledge in key areas and that they could not live up to what was expected of them. Introduction was seen as an important part and affected the ability to evolve. Socialization occurs through different phases. Conclusion: Support and assistance proved to be a big part to feel welcome at the workplace. However, there were expectations that newly qualified nurses could not live up to and this could lead to uncertainty. The experience of the profession can also be influenced by society’s image.

This thesis explores the transition from being a social work student to being a professional social worker. This is realised through a two-pronged approach, first a comprehensive literature review and secondly through semi-structured interviews with five students who graduated from their bachelor’s degree in social work at a university in Southern Sweden, January 2020. As these students graduated just as the Covid-19 pandemic was beginning to disrupt the world this is an area which is further explored. The transition from social work student to professional social worker is further analysed using two theories, namely Resilience and Schlossberg’s Transition Theory. The findings from both the literature review and interviews highlight the importance of support, especially from colleagues. Overall, though, social workers can

The construction and opening of a new school adds a new dimension to the principal's role. The purpose of this study was to describe the duties and responsibilities of a principal opening a newly constructed school, during the year preceding the opening of the school, and during the first year of occupancy in that school. The study was enriched by interviews with seven principals that opened new schools in the Central Valley of California. Personal reflections during interviews with principals were recorded, transcribed, and along with documents offered by elementary and middle school principals, analyzed for themes. The results of this study found that the attributes and characteristics of a successful principal opening a new elementary or middle school were very similar to the attributes and qualities of a successful principal of an existing school or of successful leaders of any organization, in general. The need for strong interpersonal skills, a clear vision, strong organizational and problem solving skills, a broad professional knowledge, and flexibility were required for success. The difference in possessing these attributes and characteristics appeared to be the emphasis placed on each one when it was manifested. Five themes that emerged from this case study were parental issues, construction or site building issues, staffing issues, school organization issues, and time management issues. Each of these issues required certain skills or traits on the part of the principal in order to be successful in opening a new school. The results of this study may be of interest to principals named to open a new school, assist in the selection of principals of new schools, and offer guidance regarding the best time to hire principals of schools under construction.

No description available.

Bakgrund: Efter examen från sjuksköterskans akademiska utbildning följer ett yrkesliv med höga krav och ansvar, där patientsäker vård och omvårdnad är grundläggande. De första inledande åren av yrkeslivet har betydelse för sjuksköterskans identitet och yrkesutveckling inom professionen. Syfte: Att belysa nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskors upplevelser av sina första två år inom yrkesprofessionen. Metod: En litteraturöversikt baserad på 10 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats, som analyserades med en tematisk analys. Resultat: Tre teman identifierades som beskriver nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskors upplevelse av sina första två år inom yrkesprofessionen: Förväntningar på yrkeslivet motsvarar inte verkligheten, Brist på stöd samt Kollegial vägledning och gemenskap är värdefullt. Upplevelser som förekom den första tiden i yrkeslivet är otrygghet, stress och rädsla. Slutsats: Förväntningarna på yrkesrollen i början av yrkeslivet motsvarar inte den verklighet de nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskorna möts av. Behovet av stöd och handledning under den första tiden i yrkeslivet är stort för den nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskan. Arbetsmiljön samt kollegor har betydelse för den tidiga yrkes och kompetensutvecklingen. De nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskornas upplevelser lyfts för att det kan ge en insikt och förståelse för insatser som främjar en god utveckling inom de första åren i yrkesprofessionen. / Background: After graduating from the nurses´ academic education, a professional life with high demands and responsibilities follows, where patient-safe care and nursing are fundamental. The first years of professional life affects the nurse's identity and development within the profession. Purpose: To describe newly graduated nurses´ experiences of their first two years in the profession. Method: A literature review containing 10 qualitative articles, analyzed with thematic analysis. Results: Three themes were identified that describe newly graduated nurses experiences: Expectations of professional life do not correspond to reality, Lack of support and Collegial guidance and community are valuable. Experiences that occurred in professional life are insecurity, stress and fear. Conclusion: Expectations of the professional role at the beginning of work life do not correspond to the reality that the newly graduated nurses face. The need for support and guidance during the first period of professional life is extensive for the newly graduated nurse. The work environment and colleagues are important for early career and skill development. Newly graduated nurses' experiences are highlighted because it can provide an insight and understanding of interventions that promote good development within the first years of the professional profession.

Background: The nursing workforce needs to be adequately prepared to deliver care to an increasingly diverse patient population in the United Kingdom (UK). The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) expects newly qualified nurses (NQNs) to deliver culturally sensitive and respectful care. Aim: The study aimed to explore NQNs’ perceptions of culturally competent practice during the first 9 months post qualification. Methods: A qualitative longitudinal study was conducted with a volunteer sample of 14 NQNs recruited from 3 Higher Education Institutions in the north of England. Data was collected using directed reflections (at 2-3 and 5-6 months) and semi-structured interviews (at 8-9 months) and analysed using a phenomenological approach informed by symbolic interactionism. Results: Perceptions of culturally competent nursing practice were associated with core concepts such as individualised patient care, compassionate and respectful care, respecting individual differences, professionalism and patient trust. Specific behaviours were associated with verbal and non-verbal communication, care planning and diversity-specific adjustments. Discussion: Self-perceived competence and confidence in caring for, and interacting with, patients from diverse backgrounds developed and changed throughout the transition period with experience and interaction opportunities. An ability to reflect upon and learn from novel experiences, plus an enabling ward culture and environment which responded positively to nurses seeking advice and support was important. Conclusion: Educational preparation may have enabled NQNs’ opportunities to develop some but not necessarily all of the skills and behaviours required to demonstrate culturally competent practice. During transition, supported development and professional socialisation can assist in enhancing competence and confidence.

Bakgrund: Nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor erbjuds under första arbetsår traineeprogram där de får handledning, utbildning samt möjlighet till att hospitera på andra vårdavdelningar. Tidigare forskning visar att tonvikten i sjuksköterskeutbildningen ligger på kunskap och färdigheter istället för den djupare förståelsen där sjuksköterskestudenter bör lära sig reflektera och ha ett kritiskt tänkande. Syfte: Att undersöka nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att vara ny inom professionen på sjukhus. Metod: En litteraturöversikt baserad på 10 vetenskapliga artiklar med en kvalitativ design. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i tre teman: Känsla av kunskapsbrist, Den nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskans behov, Känslor av skräckblandad förtjusning. De tre temana gav fyra underrubriker: Behovet av reflektion, Behovet av stöd och trygghet, Glädje och stolthet, Rädsla. Konklusion: Nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor upplever utmaningar på grund av otillräcklig klinisk kunskap samt svårigheten i att omsätta teoretisk kunskap till praktiska omvårdnadshandlingar, vilket ger upphov till känslor av otillräcklighet, otrygghet, oro, ångest samt stress. Behovet av stöd och reflektion är av betydelse när dessa känslor uppstår. Stöd i form av handledning och reflektion som de nyutexaminerade får i traineeprogrammet kan vara den bidragande faktorn att de nyutexaminerade känner att de kan hantera sin arbetssituation och stannar i vårdyrket. / Background: Newly graduated nurses, NGN, are offered a trainee program during their first year of work where they receive supervision and training. Previous research shows that the emphasis in nursing education is focused on knowledge and skills instead of the deeper understanding where nursing students should learn to reflect and have critical thinking. Aim: Investigate newly graduated nurses' experiences of being new in the profession. Method: A literature review based on 10 scientific articles with a qualitative design. Findings: The analysis resulted in three themes: Feeling lack of knowledge, Newly graduated nurse's needs, Feelings of horror mixed with delight. The three themes yielded four subheadings: Need for reflection, Need for support and security, Joy and pride, Fear. Conclusion: NGN experience challenges due to insufficient clinical knowledge as well as the difficulty in translating theoretical knowledge into practical nursing actions. Which gives rise to feelings of inadequacy, insecurity, worry, anxiety and stress. Need of support and reflection is important when these feelings arise. Support in forms of supervision and reflection that NGN receive in the trainee program can be a contributing factor that NGNsfeel they can handle their work situation and stay in the care profession.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第24881号 / 医博第5015号 / 新制||医||1068(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 古川 壽亮, 教授 髙橋 良輔, 教授 阪上 優 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Bakgrund: Många nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor möter en krävande verklighet med påfrestande arbetsmiljö där de förväntas ta stort ansvar och självständigt arbeta utifrån lagar och etiska principer. Detta leder till känslomässiga utmaningar som kan påverka både välbefinnandet och hälsan. Tidigare studier visar att en yrkesintroduktion med kollegialt stöd, social gemenskap och utrymme för att få vara ny ger nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor möjlighet till en trygg och positiv start. Syfte: Att undersöka hur nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor upplever sin första tid som legitimerad sjuksköterska. Metod: En kvalitativ intervjustudie utfördes med tolv nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor. Data samlades in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Materialet sammanställdes och tolkades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i tre kategorier: En utmanande övergång, Organisatoriskt kaos och En verklighetschock. Konklusion: Nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor upplever att övergången från handledd student till självständig sjuksköterska är utmanande på flera sätt. Det blir en chock för många att möta en klinisk verksamhet med högre tempo och tyngre arbetsbörda än de tidigare ställts inför. Mer ansvar och utmaningar under utbildningstiden kan hjälpa studenter med mental förberedelse och en positiv inställning samt stöd från kollegor främjar en bra första tid i arbetslivet. / Background: Many newly graduated nurses face a demanding reality with a challenging work environment where they are expected ta take on great responsibility and work independently based on laws and ethical principles. This leads to emotional challenges that can affect both well-being and health. Previous studies show that a professional introduction with collegial support, social community and space to be new gives newly graduated nurses the opportunity for a secure and positive start. Aim: To investigate how newly graduated nurses experience their first time as a registered nurse. Method: A qualitative interview study was conducted with twelve newly graduated nurses. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews. The material was compiled and interpreted using a qualitative content analysis. Findings: The analysis resulted in three categories: A challenging transition, Organizational chaos and A reality shock. Conclusion: Newly graduated nurses experience that the transition from being a supervised student to an independent nurse as challenging in multiple ways. It´s a shock for many to face a clinical reality with a higher pace and heavier workload than they have previously encountered. More responsibility and challenges during the education period can help students with mental preparation and a positive attitude, also support from colleagues promotes a good start into their professional career.