This research has the subject matter of analyzing the competence of licensed teachers in biological sciences to teach a science course in the ninth grade of middle school, considering that this course covers introductory concepts of physics and chemistry. Faced with the need to understand the competence of biology teachers to teach that discipline and the replacement of licensed teachers in Biological Sciences by licensed teachers in Chemistry and Physics in private schools, we propose the following specific objectives: outline aspects of the competence of licensed teachers in Biological Sciences for the teaching of the science course in the ninth grade of middle school, and analyze the strategies used by such teachers in teaching science course in the ninth grade of middle school. In order to have those objectives achieved, an descriptive approach was adopted, outlining the main characteristics of the sample investigated, formed by 39 professionals licensed in Biological Sciences, who teach the Science discipline in the ninth grade of middle schools in public and private schools in Sergipe. In addition, qualitative and quantitative analysis of data collected through the questionnaire consisted of 23 questions applied to the sample was adopted. As a result, it was observed that most of the 39 professionals licensed in Biological Sciences do not feel prepared to teach science discipline, blaming the Degree course in Biological Sciences by not complementing more appropriately related curriculum materials or corresponding teaching practices. However, we understand that, because of their professional experience with middle school students, the Biological Sciences Professor would rather be competent to teach this discipline, since it can mobilize resources more easily to teach the science discipline in the middle school, according to what is on the curriculum of the courses of Biological Sciences graduation. / Esta pesquisa tem como objeto o estudo a analisar a competência dos professores licenciados em Ciências Biológicas para lecionar a disciplina Ciências no nono ano do ensino fundamental, considerando que essa disciplina aborda as noções introdutórias de Física e Química. Diante da necessidade de compreender a competência dos professores de Biologia para lecionar tal disciplina e da substituição dos licenciados em Ciências Biológicas por professores licenciados em Química e Física em escolas particulares propomos os seguintes objetivos específicos: delinear aspectos da competência dos professores licenciados em Ciências Biológicas para o ensino da disciplina Ciências no nono ano do ensino fundamental; e, analisar as estratégias utilizadas por tais professores no ensino da disciplina Ciências no nono ano do ensino fundamental. Para que tais objetivos fossem atingidos, adotou-se uma abordagem descritiva, delineando-se as características principais da amostra investigada, formada por 39 profissionais licenciados em Ciências Biológicas, que lecionam a disciplina Ciências no nono ano do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas e particulares sergipanas. Além disso, adotou-se abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa dos dados levantados através do questionário formado por 23 questões aplicado à amostra. Como resultado, observou-se que a maior parte dos 39 profissionais licenciados em Ciências Biológicas que não se sente preparadas para ensinar a disciplina Ciências, responsabilizando o curso Licenciatura de Ciências Biológicas por não complementar mais adequadamente conteúdos curriculares relacionadas ou práticas de ensino correspondentes. Contudo, entendemos que, em razão de experiência desses docentes com alunos do ensino fundamental, o profissional licenciado em Ciências Biológicas seria competente para lecionar tal disciplina, uma vez que o mesmo pode mobilizar recursos didáticos mais adequadamente para o ensino da disciplina Ciências no ensino fundamental, dado o que consta nos currículos dos cursos de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:34:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rondineli Schulthais Leite - Introducao_ Problema e Metodologia.pdf: 400891 bytes, checksum: bf7cdf0532260a169c322f760e39fa17 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho tem por objetivo construir um aprendizado sistemático e eficaz de parte dos mais importantes conceitos geométricos do nono ano do ensino fundamental, utilizando o software GeoGebra como instrumento inovador na construção de uma sequência didática que contribua de forma significativa na compreensão dos conteúdos geométricos. São eles: semelhança de triângulos, teorema de Tales, relações métricas no triângulo retângulo, teorema de Pitágoras e trigonometria. Deseja-se que estes conteúdos sejam trabalhados de forma harmoniosa, diferentemente da prática comum que organiza estes assuntos em tópicos como se não houvesse interligação entre seus conceitos. Realizamos pesquisas investigativas com alunos e professores no intuito de observar as principais dificuldades dos estudantes no aprendizado da geometria do nono ano e de verificar possíveis equívocos realizados no processo de ensino-aprendizagem desses conceitos geométricos. Em posse dos resultados da pesquisa, iniciamos a construção da sequência didática, buscando desobstruir os principais obstáculos observados na condução desses conteúdos, favorecendo o aprendizado organizado com orientação do professor, mas construído pelo próprio aluno. Para isso, produzimos cinco atividades de aspecto exclusivamente introdutório desses assuntos, organizadas em roteiros de trabalho de tal forma a conduzir os alunos ao aprendizado gradual e consistente por meio de manipulações realizadas no software GeoGebra. A avaliação desta sugestão de sequência didática se faz importante, merecendo estudos posteriores que a verifique como instrumento metodológico eficaz na condução do ensino desses conteúdos geométricos / This paper aims to build an effective and systematic learning of the most important geometric concepts of the ninth year of elementary school, using the software GeoGebra as an innovative tool in building a didactic sequence that contributes significantly to the understanding of the geometric content. They are: similarity of triangles, Tales theorem, metric relations in the rectangle-triangle, trigonometry and the Pythagorean theorem. It is hoped that these contents are worked harmoniously, unlike the common practice that organizes these issues on topics as if there was no connection between their concepts. We conducted an investigative research with students and teachers in order to observe the main problems students have in learning geometry in ninth grade, and check possible mistakes made in the teaching and learning process of these geometrical concepts. In possession of the search results, we started the didactic sequence construction, seeking to unclog the main obstacles observed in the leading of these contents, favoring organized learning with teacher s guidance, but constructed by the student. For this, we produced five activities in an introductory aspect, exclusively, of these issues, organized in labor routings so to lead students onto a gradual and consistent learning through manipulations performed in the software GeoGebra. The evaluation of this suggestion of didactic sequence becomes important and deserves further studies to verify how effective it is as a tool in the conducting of teaching these geometric contents

En France, la bande dessinée est exposée dans des musées et des bibliothèques, ses dessins originaux sont vendus dans des galeries dédiées et par de prestigieuses maisons de ventes, mais est-elle pour autant réellement légitimée en tant qu'art au sein de ces champs ? Qui a initié et participe aujourd'hui à ce processus, et selon quelles stratégies ? Cette thèse s'attache à répondre à ces questions en mobilisant les concepts de champs et de légitimité développés par Pierre Bourdieu mais aussi par des emprunts théoriques et méthodologiques à différents sociologues de l'art comme Howard Becker, Serge Chaumier, Jean-Louis Fabiani, Nathalie Heinich, Bernard Lahire, Eric Maigret, Raymonde Moulin, ou Alain Quemin. En venant questionner les trois pôles que sont les artistes, les institutions et le marché, nous établissons un corpus d'évènements et de dessinateurs valorisés par ceux-ci, mais aussi des producteurs de ces évènements. En étudiant leurs déclarations et en allant à leur rencontre lors d'entretiens, nous analysons leurs motivations. Nous parvenons finalement à établir la relativité de la légitimation de la bande dessinée, tant en qualité qu'en nombre d'individus concernés. Malgré la mise en valeur d'un phénomène générationnel dans l'évolution du statut de la bande dessinée et de sa reconnaissance, nous concluons que l'acquisition d'une semi-légitimité (pour reprendre le mot de Jean-Louis Fabiani) du neuvième art est davantage d'un état de fait que d'un processus dynamique en cours d'évolution. / In France, museums and libraries exhibit comics, galleries devoted to them sell their original drawings and renowed art auction houses do too, but does it mean thereby that comics are truly legitimated as art within these fields ? Who initiated the process and today who keeps participating in it, and in doing so, according to which strategies ? This thesis seeks to answer these questions by gathering together the concepts of fields and legitimacy developed by Pierre Bourdieu but also by borrowing theories and methodologies from art socioloists such as Howard Becker, Serge Chaumier, Jean-Louis Fabiani, Nathalie Heinich, Bernard Lahire, Eric Maigret, Raymonde Moulin, or Alain Quemin. By questioning the three poles formed by the artists, the institutions and the art market, we have established a corpus of events, of strip cartoonists highlighted by these events and of the producers of these same events. By studying their declarations and by meeting them to interview them, we have analysed their motivations. We have finally come to establish the relativity of the legitimation of comics both for their quality and the number of the individuals concerned. Despite the fact that a generational phenomenon has been given prominence in the evolution of the status and the recognition of comics, we can conclude that the acquisition of a semi-legitimacy (to employ Jean-Louis Fabiani’s own word) by the ninth art is more of a fact than a dynamic process in development.

The challenge of transitioning into high school is associated with social anxiety, decreased grades, increased absences, and overall motivation to learn. Based on anecdotal evidence from 9th grade teachers in the Ohio School District, teachers had poor rapport with some of their students, and 9th graders were being retained more often than were students in any other grade. Grounded in Noddings's care theory, the purpose of this mixed methods sequential case study was to explore perceptions of rapport between 9th graders and their teachers. Guiding research questions were used to discover student and teacher perceptions about their relationship as it relates to care, respect, and communication. Archived data from Gallop Poll surveys given to 9th grade students at 3 schools (n = 163) demonstrated student perceptions of their relationships with teachers. Additionally, 15 teachers were randomly selected for a focus group interview about rapport with students. The interview transcripts were coded for emergent themes related to the guiding questions. The analysis of the Gallup Poll data included calculation of the mean, standard deviation, median, item score range, mode, and raw-data frequencies/percent for responses to answer the respective research questions. Responses on the survey showed that students perceived a moderate level of bonding with teachers, while the interview data showed that there were issues related to communication with students, administrative support of teachers, and sincerity of teacher care for students. The project outcome is a professional development about communication amongst teacher and students, teachers and teachers, and teachers and administration to improve rapport and reduce the prevalence and impact of adverse events such as dropout and other forms of disengagement.

El desarrollo de las habilidades de comunicación oral es el enfoque de la educación de lenguas extranjeras de hoy, sin embargo, los pocos estudios existentes muestran que el nivel de los alumnados en el noveno grado sueco es crítico. Para comprender mejor la situación y encontrar indicaciones sobre qué actividades se prefieren, este estudio ha encuestado a 46 alumnados y cinco profesorados de diferentes tipos de escuelas de una determinada zona de Gotemburgo. El marco teórico utilizado es principalmente el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas, el método del lenguaje comunicativo, la voluntad de comunicarse y la ansiedad en la teoría de lenguas extranjeras. El resultado muestra que la mayoría de los profesorados utilizan las actividades mencionadas en el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas, así como las del método del lenguaje de comunicación, que ha inspirado mucho el marco. La actividad preferida se muestra ser la práctica del habla en diferentes tipos de conversaciones informales o conversaciones sobre temas cotidianos. La actividad menos popular son las tareas preparatorias como estudiar gramática o rellenar huecos en diálogos medio hechos. Se descubrió una diferencia con respecto a los géneros, mientras que las alumnas mostraron un percibido mayor nivel de habilidad de comunicación oral, se sintieron menos seguras que los alumnados y, además, más ansiosas independientemente de la actividad en cuestión. Los alumnados varones mostraron una tendencia inversa. Aunque la correlación en este caso no es estadísticamente significativa, sí es estadísticamente importante. Si bien la percepción de las actividades y su impacto en la motivación y la ansiedad con respecto a ellas son importantes, son solo una perspectiva y una fracción de lo que un maestro puede hacer para aumentar el aprendizaje en el aula de hoy, por lo que es de esperar que se realicen más investigaciones. / Developing the skills of oral communication is the focus of today's foreign language education, however the few existing studies show that the level of the pupils in Swedish ninth grade is critical. To better understand the situation and find indications on what activities are preferred, this study has surveyed 46 pupils and five teachers from different types of school from a certain area in Gothenburg. The theoretical framework used is mostly the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, communicative language method, willingness to communicate and the anxiety in foreign language theory. The result shows that most teachers use the activities mentioned in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, as well the ones from the communication language method, which has greatly inspired the framework. Furthermore, the preferred activities are practicing speaking in different types of informal conversations or conversations about daily subjects. The least popular activity are preparatory tasks such as studying grammar or filling in gaps in written dialogs. A difference was discovered regarding the genders, whilst the female pupils showed a perceived higher level of oral communication skill, they felt less confident than the male pupils, and in addition more anxious regardless of the activity in hand. The male pupils showed a reverse tendency, although the correlation is not statistically significant it is statistically important. Even though the opinion of activities and their impact on motivation and anxiety regarding them are important, they are just one perspective and a fraction of what a teacher can do to increase the learning in the classroom of today, so hopefully there will be more research done in this field.

One purpose of this study was to compare outcomes of students who were part of a 9th grade academy during their freshman year with outcomes of students who were not part of a 9th grade academy during their freshman year. Student outcomes are defined for this study to include attendance, promotion rate to 10th grade on time, in-school suspension assignments, Algebra I End-of-Course exam scores, and English I End-of-Course exam scores. The second purpose of this study was to compare outcomes of 10th grade students who were part of a 9th grade academy during their freshman year with outcomes of 10th grade students who were not part of a 9th grade academy during their freshman year. 10th grade student outcomes are defined for this study to include attendance, promotion rate to 11th grade on time, and in-school suspension assignments. Data were collected from a high school located in Western North Carolina over a period of 4 years (2007 - 2011). Independent samples t-tests and one-way Chi Square analyses were used to make comparisons for each outcome of the study. Based on the findings of this study, the promotion rate of 9th grade students to 10th grade on time increased after the implementation of the 9th grade academy. In-school suspension assignments for 10th grade students who were part of a 9th grade academy during their freshman year were also less when compared to those of 10th grade students who were not part of a 9th grade academy. Ninth and 10th grade students who were part of a 9th grade academy tended to have more absences than 9th and 10th grade students who were not part of a 9th grade academy. Little difference was found in the other outcomes of the study.

This study was designed to examine computer based instruction in the 9-12 public high school. All high schools included in the study were part of the original Digital High School grants, and had a student population of over 1000 students. The purposes of the study were to examine factors affecting technology implementation, to explore how teacher attitudes, expertise, and cultural and pedagogical beliefs affected adoption, to determine how critical staff development and resources were in successful implementation, and to investigate organizational variables that were in place for successful adoption of computer based instruction. The study was conducted using Everett Rogers' five stages of the innovation-decision process. Nine technology coordinators were interviewed for this study. Following the interviews, 13 categories emerged and a grounded theory was formed. The study concluded with five recommendations for practitioners who would like to successfully implement technology on their school sites.

No description available.

Le but de cette recherche est d’évaluer l’importance du paysage culturel dans la résilience des communautés urbaines post-catastrophes. Ce travail se concentre sur le quartier du Lower Ninth Ward dans la ville de La Nouvelle-Orléans (États-Unis) après le passage de l’ouragan Katrina en 2005. Les catastrophes naturelles prennent une envergure et causent des dommages considérables lorsqu’elles touchent des villes. La reconstruction post -désastre est donc très dispendieuse pour les villes et les gouvernements, d’autant que certaines régions sont dévastées au point qu’elles doivent être reconstruites au complet. Cependant, le coût le plus lourd à assumer reste celui en vies humaines et si rebâtir les éléments concrets d’une ville est une tâche difficile à entreprendre, reconstruire une communauté est considérablement plus complexe. Dans le but de comprendre une telle démarche, cette recherche se concentre sur les éléments intangibles, comme l’attachement au lieu et les réseaux sociaux, dont une communauté a besoin pour se reconstituer de façon durable et résiliente. Le concept de résilience est très contesté dans la littérature et plusieurs chercheurs se sont essayés à le mesurer. Cette recherche adopte une perspective critique sur le concept et le revisite d’un point de vue holistique pour mettre en lumière sa complexité. Cette démarche permet de remettre en question l’importance de mesurer un concept finalement en perpétuelle redéfinition dans le temps et selon les échelles géographiques. De plus, en établissant une relation entre résilience et paysage culturel, il a été possible de mieux comprendre la complexité de la résilience. Touchant à plusieurs disciplines (architecture de paysage, urbanisme et sociologie), cette recherche utilise une méthodologie qui reflète son aspect multidisciplinaire : les méthodes mixtes. Ces dernières permettent la collecte de données quantitatives et qualitatives qui produisent une vue globale de la situation post-Katrina à travers le regroupement de recensions statistiques, d’observations de terrain et d’articles de journaux. Parallèlement, des entretiens ont été réalisés avec des résidents du quartier ainsi qu’avec des professionnels pour mieux comprendre les différents points de vue. Cette méthodologie a permis de produire des résultats au niveau du cas d’étude autant qu’au niveau théorique. La recherche valide l’importance de prendre en compte le paysage culturel dans les situations post-catastrophes, (en particulier) dans la mesure où il s’agit d’un élément souvent négligé par les urbanistes et les acteurs locaux. En effet, les éléments constitutifs du paysage culturel tels que l’attachement au lieu et les réseaux sociaux, participent d’un sentiment d'appartenance (« home ») et d’une volonté, pour les résidents, de reconstruire leurs habitations, leur communauté ainsi que leur quartier. Toutefois, il faut reconnaître que ces éléments ne suffisent pas à retrouver ce qu’ils ont perdu. Ainsi, l’étude du paysage culturel permet non seulement de mieux comprendre la complexité de la résilience, mais démontre également que cette dernière est une construction sociale. / The purpose of this research is to determine the importance of using the cultural landscape in evaluating the resilience of an urban community after the occurrence of a natural disaster. The focus is on the neighborhood of the Lower Ninth Ward after Hurricane Katrina in 2005 in the city of New Orleans. Natural disasters are gaining significance and magnitude when they hit cities, which are becoming more and more populated over the years. The damage these disasters cause is colossal. It is very costly for cities to undergo major disasters and sometimes, large sections of cities need to be entirely rebuilt. The costliest price is the human life, and as history marks it, too many lives have perished due to disasters. While rebuilding is a challenging task, yet feasible, rebuilding a community is not as tangible as rebuilding the infrastructure. This research focuses on the many intangible aspects, like place attachment and social networks, a community needs to rebuild itself in a sound and resilient way. The concept of resilience is very contested in the literature and many have attempted to measure it. This research takes a step back and scrutinizes the concept of resilience from a holistic perspective, which highlights its complexity. This leads to questioning the importance of measuring the concept, especially that it changes with time and with the different scales of geography. In addition, a relationship between the cultural landscape and resilience is established, which allows for a better understanding of this complexity. Taking a little from multiple disciplines (Landscape Architecture, Urban Planning, and Sociology), this research resorts to a methodology that reflects its multidisciplinary aspect. The methodology is the mixed methods research design, which allows the collection of quantitative and qualitative data. The focus is to gather census data, newspaper articles, and observations to give a general perspective on the post-Katrina situation. Interviews are collected from residents and from professionals so as to tackle the research from different angles. This allows reaching results at the case study level as well as the theoretical level. This research validates the importance of using the cultural landscape in post-disaster situations as planners and government officials overlook it. Some of the elements that constitute it like place attachment and social networks motivate people to return to their original neighbourhoods and rebuild their homes and community. These elements, however, cannot by themselves give people back what they lost in the disaster. By relating the cultural landscape to the concept of resilience, it implies that resilience is a social construction.

This thesis explores the impact of Rome upon Anglo-Saxon politics, religion, and culture in the ninth century. From the Gregorian mission onwards, Rome helped shape the ecclesiastical and devotional contexts of Anglo-Saxon Christianity and occupied a central place in the imaginations of early English writers. Yet the extent to which these links continued into and throughout the ninth century remains obscure, with scholarship about religion and culture often treating the period as a hiatus. In political narratives, the ninth century is treated as a crucial period, and Roman involvement is most visible in this sphere. By redressing the imbalance between religion and politics, this thesis achieves a thorough appreciation of the part played by Rome in these various fields of experience, as well as showing how Anglo-Saxon writers located themselves and their pasts in relation to the city. It does so over the course of five thematic chapters, which progress from an analysis of the most fundamental issues to more imaginative ones. Chapter one examines contact and communication between England and Rome, arguing that the two areas were closely and constantly connected across the century. The second and third chapters explore the impact of Rome on religion and kingship respectively, finding that while Roman influence on the church was most pronounced in the first half of the century, in political terms the city played a significant and changing role throughout the period. Chapters four and five consider the position of Rome in Anglo-Saxon historical thought and geographical understanding, examining how writers continued to define their position in a wider Christian world with reference to the city and its past. This thesis argues that, in the ninth century, Rome continued to play an important role in English life, while also influencing Anglo-Saxon thought and experience in new and dynamic ways.