A Comunicação, dos “Ps” do Marketing, Promotion, trata do intercâmbio de informações entre sujeitos. No caso da Comunicação entre Empresas (B2B), os sujeitos, ditos emissor e receptor, têm papéis e necessidades diferentes daqueles que possuem em suas vidas cotidianas, como consumidores finais de um produto. Quando se comunicam dentro de um ambiente corporativo, compradores e vendedores vêem-se diante de desafios importantes, como os de comprar/vender bens de alto valor para um processo industrial complexo e, normalmente, com grandes riscos envolvidos. O ambiente dessas relações entre empresas chama-se Marketing Industrial. Entender como funciona o comportamento de um vendedor e de um comprador organizacional pode ser estratégico para uma organização. Mais ainda, identificar potenciais ruídos de comunicação entre o que é dito/visto por um vendedor X (versus?) o que é percebido por um comprador de uma empresa cliente pode aproximar ainda mais as duas partes, diminuir gaps de entendimento e aumentar a eficiência da máquina produtiva. É para isto que foi feito este estudo. Para identificar potenciais ruídos de comunicação entre uma empresa vendedora de produtos e serviços da cadeia de celulose e papel e dois de seus clientes, e sugerir ações que possam melhorar o fluxo de comunicação entre as partes estudadas. / The Communication, the "Ps" of Marketing, Promotion, addresses the exchange of information between subjects. In the case of communication between companies (B2B), the subjects, so called communicator and receiver, play different roles and needs from those performed by both in their daily lives, as final consumers of a product. When they communicate within a corporate environment, buyers and sellers face major challenges, such as those related to the purchasing/selling of goods with high added value to a complex industrial process and, normally, with high added value and major risks involved. The relationship environment between the two companies involved is called Industrial Marketing. To understand what the organizational behavior of a seller and a buyer is like may be strategic for an organization. Furthermore, to be able to identify the potential noises in the communication between what is said / perceived by a seller X, and that that is perceived by a purchaser of a client company can increasingly draw near the two parties involved, reducing the understanding gaps and, with that, increase the efficiency of the productive machine. This is the aim of the current study: identify potential noises in communication between a company which sells products and services from a chain of cellulose and paper and two of its clients and, with that, recommend actions that can enhance the flow of communication between the studied parties.

A Comunicação, dos “Ps” do Marketing, Promotion, trata do intercâmbio de informações entre sujeitos. No caso da Comunicação entre Empresas (B2B), os sujeitos, ditos emissor e receptor, têm papéis e necessidades diferentes daqueles que possuem em suas vidas cotidianas, como consumidores finais de um produto. Quando se comunicam dentro de um ambiente corporativo, compradores e vendedores vêem-se diante de desafios importantes, como os de comprar/vender bens de alto valor para um processo industrial complexo e, normalmente, com grandes riscos envolvidos. O ambiente dessas relações entre empresas chama-se Marketing Industrial. Entender como funciona o comportamento de um vendedor e de um comprador organizacional pode ser estratégico para uma organização. Mais ainda, identificar potenciais ruídos de comunicação entre o que é dito/visto por um vendedor X (versus?) o que é percebido por um comprador de uma empresa cliente pode aproximar ainda mais as duas partes, diminuir gaps de entendimento e aumentar a eficiência da máquina produtiva. É para isto que foi feito este estudo. Para identificar potenciais ruídos de comunicação entre uma empresa vendedora de produtos e serviços da cadeia de celulose e papel e dois de seus clientes, e sugerir ações que possam melhorar o fluxo de comunicação entre as partes estudadas. / The Communication, the "Ps" of Marketing, Promotion, addresses the exchange of information between subjects. In the case of communication between companies (B2B), the subjects, so called communicator and receiver, play different roles and needs from those performed by both in their daily lives, as final consumers of a product. When they communicate within a corporate environment, buyers and sellers face major challenges, such as those related to the purchasing/selling of goods with high added value to a complex industrial process and, normally, with high added value and major risks involved. The relationship environment between the two companies involved is called Industrial Marketing. To understand what the organizational behavior of a seller and a buyer is like may be strategic for an organization. Furthermore, to be able to identify the potential noises in the communication between what is said / perceived by a seller X, and that that is perceived by a purchaser of a client company can increasingly draw near the two parties involved, reducing the understanding gaps and, with that, increase the efficiency of the productive machine. This is the aim of the current study: identify potential noises in communication between a company which sells products and services from a chain of cellulose and paper and two of its clients and, with that, recommend actions that can enhance the flow of communication between the studied parties.

A Comunicação, dos “Ps” do Marketing, Promotion, trata do intercâmbio de informações entre sujeitos. No caso da Comunicação entre Empresas (B2B), os sujeitos, ditos emissor e receptor, têm papéis e necessidades diferentes daqueles que possuem em suas vidas cotidianas, como consumidores finais de um produto. Quando se comunicam dentro de um ambiente corporativo, compradores e vendedores vêem-se diante de desafios importantes, como os de comprar/vender bens de alto valor para um processo industrial complexo e, normalmente, com grandes riscos envolvidos. O ambiente dessas relações entre empresas chama-se Marketing Industrial. Entender como funciona o comportamento de um vendedor e de um comprador organizacional pode ser estratégico para uma organização. Mais ainda, identificar potenciais ruídos de comunicação entre o que é dito/visto por um vendedor X (versus?) o que é percebido por um comprador de uma empresa cliente pode aproximar ainda mais as duas partes, diminuir gaps de entendimento e aumentar a eficiência da máquina produtiva. É para isto que foi feito este estudo. Para identificar potenciais ruídos de comunicação entre uma empresa vendedora de produtos e serviços da cadeia de celulose e papel e dois de seus clientes, e sugerir ações que possam melhorar o fluxo de comunicação entre as partes estudadas. / The Communication, the "Ps" of Marketing, Promotion, addresses the exchange of information between subjects. In the case of communication between companies (B2B), the subjects, so called communicator and receiver, play different roles and needs from those performed by both in their daily lives, as final consumers of a product. When they communicate within a corporate environment, buyers and sellers face major challenges, such as those related to the purchasing/selling of goods with high added value to a complex industrial process and, normally, with high added value and major risks involved. The relationship environment between the two companies involved is called Industrial Marketing. To understand what the organizational behavior of a seller and a buyer is like may be strategic for an organization. Furthermore, to be able to identify the potential noises in the communication between what is said / perceived by a seller X, and that that is perceived by a purchaser of a client company can increasingly draw near the two parties involved, reducing the understanding gaps and, with that, increase the efficiency of the productive machine. This is the aim of the current study: identify potential noises in communication between a company which sells products and services from a chain of cellulose and paper and two of its clients and, with that, recommend actions that can enhance the flow of communication between the studied parties.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:36:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Caroline Valadao Pacheco.pdf: 1512199 bytes, checksum: 176990123a20dd9d8044075c1fca3be5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-28 / This essay aimed to conduct a study on the rubber blanket of manufacture from waste tires. The disposal of tires has created an environmental problem, since the nature takes years to decompose them. On the other hand, the waste tire can be used on laminate flooring bases because this material has characteristics that can reduce noises that cause discomfort for the residents of buildings. This essay presents a study on the manufacture of rubber blanket using up waste tires with the purpose of reducing noise for the residents of buildings. This research becomes important both for society and for professionals and companies in general, because through it, they will have the knowledge not only about the materials, techniques and conventional processes, but they will also have a focus on how this issue of noise can be softened through materials that are often thrown on the street, polluting cities. The 50% of waste tire blanket obtained an absorption required by the regulation. The thickness of the blanket did not affect the internal height of apartment projects, because the thickness of the blanket is smaller than the expected subfloor. / Este trabalho teve o objetivo realizar um estudo sobre a fabricação de manta de borracha a partir de resíduos de pneus. O descarte de pneus tem gerado um problema ambiental, uma vez que a natureza leva anos para decompô-los. Por outro lado, os resíduos de pneus podem ser utilizados em bases de pisos laminados. Pois este material apresenta propriedades que podem diminuir os ruídos que causam tanto desconfortos para os moradores de prédios. Este Trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a fabricação de manta de borracha utilizando-se resíduos de pneus com o propósito de diminuir incômodos para os moradores de prédios. Destaca-se que esta pesquisa torna-se importante tanto para a sociedade como para profissionais e empresas no geral, pois através da mesma, estes tomarão conhecimento não só dos materiais, técnicas e processos convencionais, mas também terão um enfoque de como esta problemática do ruído pode ser amenizada através de materiais que muitas vezes estão jogados na rua, poluindo as cidades. Para a manta com 50% de resíduos de pneu obteve-se a absorção exigida pela norma. A espessura da manta não interferiu no pé direito dos projetos de apartamentos, pois a espessura da manta é menor que a do contra piso previsto.

Die vorliegende Arbeit entstand im Rahmen einer 3-jährigen Promotionstätigkeit bei der Volkswagen AG. Der erste Teil der Arbeit wurde bei der Aggregateentwicklung Akustik EGNE in Wolfsburg absolviert. Der zweite Teil wurde in der Qualitätssicherung Akustik Getriebe COK-Q3/3 in Kassel bearbeitet. Sie beschäftigt sich mit dem Ableiten fahrzeugnaher Anregungsrichtwerte für aggregatseitige Beschleunigungspegel eines Getriebes im Hinblick auf die akustische Wahrnehmbarkeit von Störgeräuschen im Fahrzeuginnenraum. Als Störgeräusche werden in diesem Zusammenhang in erster Linie tonale Verzahnungsordnungen betrachtet. Durch das Erstellen einer messtechnischen Referenz anhand zahlreicher Fahrzeugmessungen und die Programmierung eines entsprechenden Frameworks in Python werden diese Richtwerte aus gemessenen Beschleunigungspegeln abgeleitet. Ferner beschäftigt sich die vorliegende Arbeit mit der Klassifizierung von Getrieben hinsichtlich ihrer akustischen Eigenschaften, speziell an sogenannten End-Of-Line-Prüfständen. Diese Prüfstände dienen am Ende von Fertigungslinien der Funktionsprüfung eines Bauteils. Für das Getriebe wird in diesem Rahmen ebenfalls eine akustische Prüfung durchgeführt. Zur Bewertung der Korrelation zwischen gemessenen Beschleunigungspegeln am EoL-Prüfstand und korrespondierenden Beschleunigungs- bzw. Luftschallpegeln im Fahrzeug wurden Messungen auf verschiedenen Prüfstandumgebungen durchgeführt, deren Analyse Erkenntnisse zur Erhöhung dieser Korrelation liefert. Zu diesem Zweck werden aus gemessenen Beschleunigungspegeln Features extrahiert, die anschließend für eine akustische Klassifizierung der Getriebe mit einem maschinellen Lernalgorithmus verwendet werden. Es lässt sich zeigen, dass der Einsatz einer Support-Vector-Machine die vorherrschende EoL-Klassifikation bezüglich der genannten Korrelation in Teilen verbessern kann.:Erklärung des Autors Bibliografische Beschreibung Abbildungsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis Abkürzungsverzeichnis Symbolverzeichnis 1 Einleitung 2 Grundlagen und Stand der Technik 3 Fahrzeugmessungen und Hörversuch 4 End-Of-Line Prüfung und Universalgetriebeprüfstand 5 Tonales Kriterium, Anregungsrichtwerte und Klassifizierung 6 Ergebnisse 7 Diskussion Anhangsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis / The presented thesis has been developed during a three year graduation at the Volkswagen AG. It was split in two parts. The first part was passed in the technical development acoustics (EGNE) in Wolfsburg and the second one in the quality assurance acoustics (COK-Q3/3) in Kassel. It deals with the determination of vehicle related limit values for accelerations of gear boxes regarding the acoustic comfort in the car. Disturbing noise is primary seen as so called orders of the gear wheels. By developing a ground truth doing several measurements in vehicles and by programming a framework in python those limit values are derived. Furthermore this thesis describes the classification of gear boxes regarding the acoustic characteristics in particular at so called End-Of-Line test benches. These test benches are used for functional check and in case of gear boxes as well as for the acoustic rating. Several measurements have been done at different test benches in order to increase the correlation between the test bench results and the subjective acoustic comfort of vehicles. Therefor several features are extracted from the acceleration measurements and used for a classification by hint of a machine learning approach. It becomes apparent that the use of a support vector machine is able to partly improve the status quo end of line testing regarding the named correlation.:Erklärung des Autors Bibliografische Beschreibung Abbildungsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis Abkürzungsverzeichnis Symbolverzeichnis 1 Einleitung 2 Grundlagen und Stand der Technik 3 Fahrzeugmessungen und Hörversuch 4 End-Of-Line Prüfung und Universalgetriebeprüfstand 5 Tonales Kriterium, Anregungsrichtwerte und Klassifizierung 6 Ergebnisse 7 Diskussion Anhangsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:35:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcos Costa de Freitas.pdf: 8221583 bytes, checksum: 60d9c9d69c0b9d1e97ec4dc7be7e4b69 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-18 / This research investigates the Brazilian graphic design through a historical perspective of an ever building discipline concept, in view of knowledges and abilities integrated and pointed from its imaginary limits. In essential terms, it is summarized as an effort to revisit the recent past of the Brazilian graphic design in a search to better understand the configuration of its noises. The P&D Design Congress is taken as an access door to the research input need that works automatically as a temporal and geographic clipping. However, the research still inspects the historical landmarks of the discipline (from a distant past) to produce the temporal counterpoint of the debate. / Esta pesquisa investiga o design gráfico brasileiro através da perspectiva histórica da disciplina, tendo em vista os conhecimentos e as competências sinalizadoras dos limites imaginários de seu campo. Em termos essenciais, resume-se a um esforço para revistar o passado recente do design gráfico brasileiro em busca de compreender melhor a configuração de sua episteme. O congresso P&D Design é adotado como uma porta de acesso aos registros históricos necessários à pesquisa e, ao mesmo tempo, fornece também recorte geográfico e temporal desta dissertação. Todavia, a pesquisa revista os marcos históricos da disciplina, para produzir o contraponto temporal do debate.

New control methods are developed for the unconstrained motion and constrained force and motion control of flexible robots. The dynamic equations of the flexible robots are partitioned as pseudostatic equilibrium equations and deviations from them. The pseudostatic equilibrium considered here is defined as a hypothetical state where the tip point variables have their desired values while the modal variables are instantaneously constant. Then, the control torques for the pseudostatic equilibrium and for the stabilization of the deviation equations are formed in terms of tip point coordinates, modal variables and contact force components. The performances of the proposed methods are illustrated on a planar two-link robot and on a spatial three-link robot. Unmodeled dynamics and measurement noises are also taken into consideration. Performance of the proposed motion control method is compared with the computed torque method.

Bien que le traitement conjoint des mesures multimodales soit supposé conduire à de meilleures performances que celles obtenues en exploitant une seule modalité ou plusieurs modalités indépendamment, il existe des exemples en littérature qui prouvent que c'est pas toujours vrai. Dans cette thèse, nous analysons rigoureusement, en termes d'information mutuelle et d'erreur d'estimation, les différentes situations de l'analyse multimodale afin de déterminer les conditions conduisant à des performances optimales.Dans la première partie, nous considérons le cas simple de deux ou trois modalités, chacune étant associée à la mesure bruitée d'un signal, avec des liens entre modalités matérialisés par les corrélations entre les parties utiles du signal et par les corrélations les bruits. Nous montrons comment les performances obtenues sont améliorées avec l'exploitation des liens entre les modalités. Dans la seconde partie, nous étudions l'impact sur les performances d'erreurs sur les liens entre modalités. Nous montrons que ces fausses hypothèses dégradent les performances, qui peuvent alors devenir inférieure à celles atteintes avec une seule modalité.Dans le cas général, nous modélisons les multiples modalités comme un canal gaussien bruité. Nous étendons alors des résultats de la littérature en considérant l'impact d'erreurs sur les densités de probabilité du signal et du bruit sur l'information transmise par le canal. Nous analysons ensuite cette relation dans la cas d'un modèle simple de deux modalités. Nos résultats montrent en particulier le fait inattendu qu'une double inadéquation du bruit et du signal peuvent parfois se compenser et ainsi conduire à de très bonnes performances. / The joint processing of multimodal measurements is supposed to lead to better performances than those obtained using a single modality or several modalities independently. However, in literature, there are examples that show that is not always true. In this thesis, we analyze, in terms of mutual information and estimation error, the different situations of multimodal analysis in order to determine the conditions to achieve the optimal performances.In the first part, we consider the simple case of two or three modalities, each associated with noisy measurement of a signal. These modalities are linked through the correlations between the useful parts of the signal and the correlations between the noises. We show that the performances are improved if the links between the modalities are exploited. In the second part, we study the impact on performance of wrong links between modalities. We show that these false assumptions decline the performance, which can become lower than the performance achieved using a single modality.In the general case, we model the multiple modalities as a noisy Gaussian channel. We then extend literature results by considering the impact of the errors on signal and noise probability densities on the information transmitted by the channel. We then analyze this relationship in the case of a simple model of two modalities. Our results show in particular the unexpected fact that a double mismatch of the noise and the signal can sometimes compensate for each other, and thus lead to very good performances.

Les horloges atomiques à piégeage cohérent de population (CPT) constituent aujourd'hui un outil idéal pour la réalisation de références de fréquence stables, compactes et à faible consommation énergétique. Dans le cas des horloges à base de césium, elles nécessitent l'utilisation d'un champ laser bifréquence à 895 nm (raie D1) ou à 852 nm (raie D2) et dont la différence entre les fréquences optiques est égale à 9,19 GHz, soit l'écart entre les niveaux hyperfins du niveau fondamental. Nous proposons une nouvelle solution pour générer ce champ laser, à partir d'un unique laser à semiconducteur pompé optiquement et à émission bipolarisée et bifréquence.Dans ce manuscrit, nous étudions la conception d'une telle source dont l'émission est accordable en fréquence sur la transition D2 du césium. Nous détaillons tout particulièrement le choix des éléments intracavité et de la structure semiconductrice utilisée. Nous décrivons ensuite la mise en oeuvre expérimentale et la caractérisation d'un prototype. Nous présentons les deux boucles d'asservissement que nous avons mises en place pour verrouiller la fréquence optique du laser sur la transition du césium, et la différence de fréquence sur la fréquence délivrée par un oscillateur local. Nous effectuons une modélisation et une caractérisation complète des trois types de bruits du laser, à savoir le bruit d'intensité, le bruit de fréquence optique, et le bruit de phase du signal généré par battement entre les modes laser. Enfin, nous montrons les premiers résultats expérimentaux de piégeage cohérent d'atomes de césium réalisé avec le prototype et étudions les caractéristiques du signal obtenu. Finalement nous établissons un budget de bruit d'une horloge CPT, en nous appuyant sur l'estimation de l'impact de chacun des bruits laser précédemment étudiés. Après avoir identifié les limites du système actuel, nous proposons quelques pistes d'améliorations du laser bifréquence, reposant sur la réduction du bruit d'intensité laser et sur la modification de la structure semiconductrice. / Atomic clocks using the coherent population trapping (CPT) technic are ex-cellent candidates to obtain frequency references that are stable, compact and with a low powerconsumption. In the case of cesium atomic clocks, this technic require a dual-frequency laserfield either at 895 nm (D1 transition) or 852 nm (D2 transition) whose frequency difference isequal to 9.19 GHz, the frequency splitting between the two hyperfine levels of the fundamentalstate. Here we present a new concept for generating this type of laser field using a unique dualfrequency and optically-pumped laser with a dual-polarized emission.In this manuscript, we study the conception of such a laser source at a wavelength of 852 nm.We detail the design of the intracavity elements and the semiconductor active structure. Thenwe describe the experimental set-up and characterization of a first prototype. We present thestabilization set-up of the laser based on two different servo-loops, one used to lock the opticalfrequency onto the cesium transition and the other to lock the frequency difference onto thefrequency generated by a local oscillator. We report a complete simulation and characterizationof the main laser noises: the laser intensity noise, the optical frequency noise, and the phase noiseof the radiofrequency signal generated by the beatnote of the two laser modes. We show the firstexperimental results of coherent population trapping obtained with the prototype. Finally weestablish a noise budget of a CPT atomic clock by estimating the impact of each laser noises.After we identify the system limits, we propose different ways to improve the dual-frequencywhich rely on the reduction of the intensity noise and the modification of the semiconductorstructure design.

In this thesis, we study the existence of pathwise random periodic solutions to both the semilinear stochastic differential equations with linear multiplicative noise and the semilinear stochastic partial differential equations with linear multiplicative noise in a Hilbert space. We identify them as the solutions of coupled forward-backward infinite horizon stochastic integral equations in general cases, and then perform the argument of the relative compactness of Wiener-Sobolev spaces in C([0, T],L2Ω,Rd)) or C([0, T],L2(Ω x O)) and Schauder's fixed point theorem to show the existence of a solution of the coupled stochastic forward-backward infinite horizon integral equations.