Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:08:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_el_me_sjrp.pdf: 531004 bytes, checksum: 26290057a6f49446476e6e8192925843 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Neste trabalho, descrevemos cíclicas de reticulados algébricos Zn-rotacionados de dimensão ímpar. Essas construções são obtidas através da imersão Rn, via homomorfismo canônico, de determinados Z-módulos livres de posto finito contidos em subcorpos de extensões ciclotômicas do tipo Q(ζp), Q(ζp2), Q(ζpq)e Q(ζpq2), com p e q primos ímpares. Caracterizamos os reticulados e apresentamos propriedades e aplicações na Teoria da Informação. / In this work we describe cyclic constructions of odd dimension. These constructions are obtained by immersion in Rn via the canonical homomorphism, of certain Z-free modules of finite rank contained in subfield cyclotomic extensions of type Q(ζp), Q(ζp2), Q(ζpq)e Q(ζpq2), com p e q odd prime. Featuring the obtained lattices and presenting properties and applications in Information Theory.

Orientador: Antonio Aparecido de Andrade / Banca: Henrique Lazari / Banca: Tatiana Betoldi Carlos / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é o estudo de reticulados ideais. Neste estudo enfatizamos o artigo "Lattices and Number Fields" de Eva Bayer-Fluckiger, que apresenta alguns reticulados ideais com as mesmas propriedades que os reticulados Ap¡1, p primo, D4, E6, E8, K12 e ¤24. / Abstract: The aim of this work is the study of ideal lattices. In this study we stress a Eva Bayer-Fluckiger's article \Lattices and Number Fields" with presents some ideal lattices with same properties that lattices Ap¡1, p prime number, D4, E6, E8, K12 e ¤24. / Mestre

The thesis is focused on an issue of attainable beauty ideal and its possible negative consequences mainly on adolescent audience. It also deals with the possible ethical questions that are related to the beauty ideal with the young audience. This narrow part of the poulation was selected because of the the fact, that they are the at the biggest risk. The theoretical part describes the related experiments and also shows some examples of different approach to beauty in marketing communication. The practical part of the theses consists of two parts, questionnaire survey and an in-depth interview with the specialists in the psychology and marketing. The conclusion of the work indicates, that young people are aware of the relationship between the beauty ideal and the negative consequences, but, as the rest of the population, do not perceive this phenomenon as an ethical issue.

Comment une figure antique comme celle de Psyché a-t-elle su trouver une place dans les littératures de langue anglaise? La réponse est multiple car les auteurs anglophones ont multiplié les approches, mais souvent en rapport avec la notion d'idéal. En effet, au fil des siècles, le mythe de Psyché s’est peu à peu inscrit dans une tradition idéaliste faisant de cette déesse une figure à la fois idéalisée, et à laquelle on a fait correspondre différents idéaux. Mais à l’inverse, Psyché a aussi vu son image être ternie. De nombreux auteurs ont voulu rompre avec la tradition idéaliste en cherchant à détourner l’histoire. Cette lecture nouvelle est souvent fondée sur une décomposition physique et morale du personnage. Cette dégradation lui permet alors de s’extraire du carcan que lui imposaient ses formes trop idéalisées, et d’investir de nouveaux champs littéraires plus modernes, dans des versions anti-idéalisées de ses aventures et de son mariage avec Cupidon. / How did an antique character such as Psyche, with a Mediterranean background, find a place within English-language literatures? English-writing authors have in fact multiplied the ways in which they have approached and ceaselessly reinvented the myth, generally around the notion of ideal. Indeed, throughout the centuries, the myth gradually brought about an idealistic tradition whereby this goddess became a figure both idealised and which was made to fit into various ideals.But conversely, Psyche also had this perfect image tarnished. Many writers decided to part with this idealistic tradition, looking for ways in which to distort the story. This rewriting is often based on a physical and moral decomposition of the character. This degradation thus releases her from her previous idealised and constraining forms, and enables her to enter new literary and modern fields, with anti-idealised versions of both her adventures and her marriage to Cupid.

O consumo per capita de pescados no Brasil é relativamente baixo quando comparado com as outras proteínas de origem animais. Do lado da oferta, este fenômeno está relacionado com diversos fatores como, por exemplo, a sobre pesca, a baixa produção nacional, a distância entre centros produtores e consumidores etc. Este trabalho aborda os fatores que estão ligados à sua demanda, tais como: a influência dos preços e da renda da população no seu consumo. Inicialmente, caracterizou-se o problema da oferta de pescados no Brasil. Em seguida, foi feita uma revisão sobre a teoria econômica e o método de cálculo da função e de suas elasticidades para a forma funcional conhecida por Almost Ideal Demand System - AIDS. A partir dos microdados da Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar - POF 2002-2003, fez-se uma análise descritiva da demanda por pescados no Brasil. Finalmente, foram estimadas as funções demanda e calcularam-se as elasticidades para dois tipos de agrupamentos: um que considerou 5 grupos de proteínas animais e o outro com 7 grupos de alimentos. Estas funções foram estimadas para o Brasil e para duas macro-regiões: Norte-Nordeste e Centro-Sul. Os principais resultados são: o consumo per capita de pescados é baixo porque poucos domicílios consomem pescados. O consumo de pescado da Região Norte-Nordeste é significativamente diferente do padrão observado na Região Centro-Sul do país. Os principais produtos substitutos aos pescados no país são as proteínas mais elaboradas e não as carnes mais tradicionais como a de aves e as vermelhas. Os supermercados são os pontos de vendas mais utilizados pelos consumidores de pescados de renda mais elevada, principalmente na Região Centro-Sul, mas os pequenos estabelecimentos comerciais também possuem grande importância na comercialização de pescados para o consumidor final, principalmente, na Região Norte-Nordeste. / Per capita consumption of fish in Brazil is relatively small as compared to other animal proteins. On the supply side, this phenomenon can be explained by several factors such as: low national fish production, the distance between fish supply regions and the main consumptions centers etc. This study analyses the influence of prices and population income on the demand of fish in Brazil. First, the problem of fish supply in Brazil is characterized. It is followed by reviews of the relevant economic theory and the methods of the function and the elasticity calculations for a functional form known by Almost Ideal Demand System - AIDS. A descriptive analysis of fish demand in Brazil using the microdata called the Familiar Budget Research - POF 2002-2003 is presented. Finally, demand functions and their elasticities are calculated for two different cases: one considering 5 groups of animal proteins and other with 7 groups of food categories. These functions are estimated for Brazil as a whole and two macro-regions: Northnortheast and Center-South. The main results are: per capita consumption of fish is low in Brazil because few households consume fish. The pattern of fish consumption in the North-Northeast Region is different as compared to the Center-South. The main substitutes for fish are the processed proteins and not the traditional types of meat as chicken and red meat. For high income households located mainly in Center-South Region, fish are mainly purchased in supermarkets. However, small commercial establishments are still important in the fish retail market, especially in the North-Northeast.

A partir da publicação da terceira edição de Agrarverhältnisse im Altertum (Relações agrárias na Antiguidade, 1909) a noção de capitalismo passa a desempenhar um papel central na análise da economia antiga nos escritos de Max Weber. De modo idealtípico, a definição da economia antiga como capitalista envolve a delimitação de suas espeficidades e, simultaneamente, oferece um contraponto comparativo fundamental para a constituição do tipo do capitalismo moderno. Em seus escritos sobre a economia antiga, Weber elaborou uma análise fundamentada em dois diferentes níveis de abstração, que englobam tipos diversos de capitalismo; o trânsito entre esses diferentes níveis é o que fundamenta sua análise comparativa das economias moderna e antiga e possibilita uma definição mais acurada do capitalismo moderno, em sua dimensão racional. / Since the publication of the third version of Agrarverhältnisse im Altertum (The Agrarian Sociology of Ancient Civilizations, 1909), the concept of capitalism plays an essential role in the analysis of the ancient economy in Max Weber\'s writings. On the one hand, the classification of the ancient economy as capitalist depends on the understanding of its uniqueness. On the other hand, as the bearer of a special kind of capitalist system, the ancient world\'s economy offers a counterpoint to the modern economy. This thesis assumes that Weber has worked in his researches on the ancient economy at two different levels of abstraction, which include distinct types of capitalism; the passage from one abstraction level to another is the basis of the comparison between ancient and modern economy, and allows Weber to better define the concept \"modern capitalism\", in its rational dimension.

This study conceptualises Chinese language-major undergraduates' motivation to learn a third language (L3) from a self perspective. Two overarching aims were adopted to guide the research: how learners' L3 motivation was formulated and reformulated over the course of one year of learning an L3 and whether classroom intervention could help learners to construct their L3 motivation. This research adopted a longitudinal case study design and was situated in a state university in China. Students who had chosen to learn an L3 as their major and English majors who were required to learn an L3 participated in the research. To achieve the two principal research aims, the data collection process was divided into two phases. The goal of the first phase was to explore the development of my participants' L3 motivation without any intervention. Qualitative research methods were employed during this phase and data were gathered from open questionnaires, interviews, class observation and written journals. In the second phase, an intervention was carried out to explore how to construct my participants' ideal L3 selves. A quasi-experimental design was employed and mixed methods were adopted. Analysis was primarily guided by the L2 Motivational Self System and was carried out at both at class level and individual level. At a class level, findings suggest that both L3 majors' and English majors' L3 motivation was mainly constituted on the basis of their ideal L3 selves, ought-to L3 selves and L3 learning experiences, which were constantly constructed and reconstructed over the course of learning. Notably, learners' motivational trajectories did not display a homogenous pattern at the group level. In total, six different motivational patterns were identified, three from English majors and three from L3 majors. It was also interesting to identify that a few learners developed a type of multilingually oriented motivation during their L3 learning. Data collected at the second phase of fieldwork revealed that the intervention was effective in helping English majors to construct their ideal L3 selves but less useful in the case of L3 majors. At the individual level, six cases were analysed in depth to investigate how the trajectories identified at the group level developed temporally and contextually. The analysis shows that the construction of these learners' L3 motivation involved a complex interplay between their future L3 selves and current L3 learning experience. It was through this process that learners explored the relationship between the L3 and their self-identification, and attempted to develop their personal meaning of learning an L3. On the basis of the empirical evidence, this thesis argues that the construction of learners' L3 motivation hinges on exploration of the position of the L3 in their self-identification, and that class intervention might help learners to realise the importance of learning an L3 by helping them to develop their ideal L3 selves, at least in the case of non-L3-major students. Moreover, this study suggests that it is crucial for L3 learners in China to recognise the value of being multilingual, which plays an essential role in constructing their L3 selves and sustaining their L3 motivation.

O consumo per capita de pescados no Brasil é relativamente baixo quando comparado com as outras proteínas de origem animais. Do lado da oferta, este fenômeno está relacionado com diversos fatores como, por exemplo, a sobre pesca, a baixa produção nacional, a distância entre centros produtores e consumidores etc. Este trabalho aborda os fatores que estão ligados à sua demanda, tais como: a influência dos preços e da renda da população no seu consumo. Inicialmente, caracterizou-se o problema da oferta de pescados no Brasil. Em seguida, foi feita uma revisão sobre a teoria econômica e o método de cálculo da função e de suas elasticidades para a forma funcional conhecida por Almost Ideal Demand System - AIDS. A partir dos microdados da Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar - POF 2002-2003, fez-se uma análise descritiva da demanda por pescados no Brasil. Finalmente, foram estimadas as funções demanda e calcularam-se as elasticidades para dois tipos de agrupamentos: um que considerou 5 grupos de proteínas animais e o outro com 7 grupos de alimentos. Estas funções foram estimadas para o Brasil e para duas macro-regiões: Norte-Nordeste e Centro-Sul. Os principais resultados são: o consumo per capita de pescados é baixo porque poucos domicílios consomem pescados. O consumo de pescado da Região Norte-Nordeste é significativamente diferente do padrão observado na Região Centro-Sul do país. Os principais produtos substitutos aos pescados no país são as proteínas mais elaboradas e não as carnes mais tradicionais como a de aves e as vermelhas. Os supermercados são os pontos de vendas mais utilizados pelos consumidores de pescados de renda mais elevada, principalmente na Região Centro-Sul, mas os pequenos estabelecimentos comerciais também possuem grande importância na comercialização de pescados para o consumidor final, principalmente, na Região Norte-Nordeste. / Per capita consumption of fish in Brazil is relatively small as compared to other animal proteins. On the supply side, this phenomenon can be explained by several factors such as: low national fish production, the distance between fish supply regions and the main consumptions centers etc. This study analyses the influence of prices and population income on the demand of fish in Brazil. First, the problem of fish supply in Brazil is characterized. It is followed by reviews of the relevant economic theory and the methods of the function and the elasticity calculations for a functional form known by Almost Ideal Demand System - AIDS. A descriptive analysis of fish demand in Brazil using the microdata called the Familiar Budget Research - POF 2002-2003 is presented. Finally, demand functions and their elasticities are calculated for two different cases: one considering 5 groups of animal proteins and other with 7 groups of food categories. These functions are estimated for Brazil as a whole and two macro-regions: Northnortheast and Center-South. The main results are: per capita consumption of fish is low in Brazil because few households consume fish. The pattern of fish consumption in the North-Northeast Region is different as compared to the Center-South. The main substitutes for fish are the processed proteins and not the traditional types of meat as chicken and red meat. For high income households located mainly in Center-South Region, fish are mainly purchased in supermarkets. However, small commercial establishments are still important in the fish retail market, especially in the North-Northeast.

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Two interrelated studies explored the self and ideal-self patterns, two important components of the total personality, of a male prison population using the Interpersonal Adjective Checklist (ICL). Both studies used the same prison subjects (n=38), who were divided equally between violent and non-violent offenders. Study I also used a normative sample (n=38) of male students. All subjects filled out two ICL forms, one with self and one with ideal-self instructions. Study I investigated the ICL patterns of the prisoners in terms of type of crime (violent vs. non-violent) and also compared the ICL scores of the prisoners (violent and non-violent) to the student group. Study II investigated the relationship between length of imprisonment and the ICL self and ideal-self patterns of the prisoners. Correlations between length of time already served and each of the thirteen ICL scores were performed for both self and ideal instruction sets (with the effects of type of crime factored out).