Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971), Dmitri Shostakovich (1906-1975) and Alfred Schnittke (1934-1998) were three of the most important avant-garde Russian composers of the twentieth century. Even though their music shares a number of important traits, their work also reflects very individualized and distinct compositional styles. This study illustrates the similarities in their approach and the contrasting elements present in three selected pieces: Stravinsky´s Suite Italienne for Violin and Piano (1933), Shostakovich’s Violin Sonata in G Major, Op. 134 (1968), and Schnittke’s Suite in the Old Style for Violin and Piano (Harpsichord) (1972). The study disseminates Stravinsky, Shostakovich, and Schnittke’s musical influences in these works, focusing particularly in the use of baroque elements by tracing a number of important aspects from their backgrounds. In addition, a chronological outline of compositions containing baroque elements is provided. Finally, this research examines stylistic traits of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in the three selected compositions: Suite Italienne, Violin Sonata, Op. 134, and Suite in the Old Style.

Desired qualities of Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) represent what potential users want, hope for, and expect of MaaS without having experienced the service yet. Knowledge about the desired qualities is essential to design MaaS to meet users’ needs. However, little attention has been paid to understand potential users' desired qualities in the literature on MaaS. This paper addresses this void in literature with an explorative study with potential MaaS users in Sweden. The results of the study are desired qualities of MaaS such as reliability, entertainment and inclusivity. The study contributes with a thematization and classification of desired qualities of MaaS. The themes are desired qualities that make life easier, desired qualities that provide assurance, desired qualities that reward, desired qualities that appeal to inclinations and desired qualities that maintain preferred habits. The four levels of classification are functional, emotional, life-changing, and social significance. Researchers and service designers could work backward from these desired qualities to design user-centred services towards user satisfaction.

No description available.

Energy-economy models are important tools used by policy-makers and researchers to design effective climate policy. However, there has been limited research that compares models against consistent characteristics to understand their impacts on climate policy projections. This can make it difficult for policy-makers to identify suitable models for their specific policy questions and develop effective climate policies. A web-based survey of energy-economy model users and developers in Canada’s public, private, and non-profit sectors (n=14) was conducted to systematically compare seventeen models against a framework of seven characteristics: technology characteristics, micro-, and macro-economic characteristics, policy representations, treatment of uncertainty, high-resolution spatial and temporal representations, and data transparency. It was found that for the most part, models represent technology, micro-, and macro-economic characteristics according to the classic typology of bottom-up, top-down, and hybrid models. However, our findings show that several modelling evolutions have occurred. Some top-down models can explicitly represent technologies and some bottom-up models incorporate microeconomic characteristics. Models differ in the types of policies they can simulate, sometimes underrepresenting performance regulations, government procurement, and research and development programs. All models incorporate at least one type of uncertainty analysis, models infrequently have high-resolution spatial and/or temporal representations, and most models lack publicly accessible methodological documents. Implications for researchers and policy-makers that use energy-economy models and/or develop policies are discussed. / Graduate

I en värld där alltmer information lagras på internet är det svårt för en vanlig användare att hänga med. Även när informationen finns tillgänglig på en och samma hemsida kan den hemsidan sakna funktioner eller vara svår att läsa av. Idén bakom att skrapa hemsidor, tidningar eller spel på information är inte ny och detta examensarbete fokuserar på att bygga en web scraper med tillhörande hemsida där användare kan ladda upp sitt schema skrapat från TimeEdit. Hemsidan ska sedan presentera denna skrapade data på ett visuellt tilltalande sett. När system är färdigutvecklade utvärderas dem för att se om examensarbetets mål har uppnåtts samt om systemen har förbättrat det befintliga sättet att hantera schemaläggning i TimeEdit hos lärare och studenter. I sammanfattningen finns sedan framtida forskning och arbeten presenterat. / The concept of scraping the web is not new, however, with modern programming languages it is possible to build web scrapers that can collect unstructured data and save this in a structured way. TimeEdit, a scheduling platform used by Mid Sweden University, has no feasible way to count how many hours has been scheduled at any given week to a specific course, student, or professor. The goal of this thesis is to build a python-based web scraper that collects data from TimeEdit and saves this in a structured manner. Users can then upload this text file to a dynamic website where it is extracted from the file and saved into a predetermined database and unique to that user. The user can then get this data presented in a fast, efficient, and user-friendly way. This platform is developed and evaluated with the resulting platform being a good and fast way to scan a TimeEdit schedule and evaluate the extracted data. With the platform built future work is recommended to make it a finishes product ready for live use by all types of users.

There are numerous problems in the world that need to be dealt with in order to achieve sustainable development. The energy system has significant negative impacts on many of these problems, and there is a need for a transition towards more sustainable energy. Sweden has already started this transition and is using large amounts of renewable energy. However, within the transport sector and the manufacturing sector in particular, large amounts of fossil fuels are still used. Biogas is one alternative that can help solve several sustainability problems and that could be part of a future more sustainable energy system. However, it is not certain what biogas is most suitable to be used for. The aim of this thesis is to investigate how biogas should be used in a future more sustainable energy system, by answering three research questions: 1) In what ways can biogas be used in a more sustainable energy system? 2) How can we assess whether biogas is suitable in a specific context? and 3) What determines whether it is easy or difficult for a user to start using biogas? These questions are explored in a Swedish context using four appended articles, which are based on two collaborative projects using a combination of workshops, literature reviews and interviews. Biogas can be used for heat, electricity or fuel in the manufacturing or transport sector. In Sweden, heat and electricity are mainly of interest for smaller production scales, while production on larger scales will likely be dominated by upgrading mostly to CBG but also to LBG. CBG can be used for less energy-intensive purposes, such as cars or buses, while the growing interest in LBG in Sweden may open up new market segments for biogas which are more energy-intensive, such as heavy trucks or shipping, or in geographical locations that are further away from the site of production. Several sustainability assessment methods exist that can be used to evaluate whether biogas is suitable in a specific context, such as multi-criteria assessments or scenario analyses. These methods can include a number of different aspects that are relevant to biogas use, such as GHG emissions, safety issues, and the vitality of the surrounding region. In order to introduce biogas, six main factors were identified that can make this easier or more difficult: technical maturity, tank volume, distance between the producer and the user, scale of energy use, policies and costs, and strategies of individual organizations. Overall, the rise in LBG production creates new opportunities for biogas use in both geographical and usage areas that did not previously use biogas. There is no simple answer to what biogas should be used for in the future – rather, this depends on the circumstances. It is also possible that the usage areas that are most suitable now for biogas might not be the most suitable areas in the future, depending on developments within, for example, the electricity system and hydrogen. However, CBG and LBG are likely to dominate biogas production in Sweden until then.

Individuals who use wheelchairs or who have other mobility challenges often are unable to access modern mobility systems "“ including application-based ride hailing and on-demand microtransit. Even designing a system targeted at these users is challenging, given the limited prior analysis of their travel behavior and activity patterns. Simulation tools are used by cities around the world to understand novel and complex transportation systems, yet few are including the needs of users with disabilities in these simulation studies. This thesis examines the travel patterns of wheelchair users from the 2017 National Household Travel Survey and presents a model of daily activity pattern choice of respondents who self-identify as using a wheelchair. This thesis discusses the application of a wheelchair status variable in the activity-based travel demand model ActivitySim and measures its effect on individual and household daily activity pattern choice. Wheelchair use is estimated to reduce the utility of a work daily activity pattern by 1.9 points relative to a home pattern for full time workers and 3.4 for part time workers. Including the effect of wheelchair use in a regional daily activity pattern model resulted in 21.9 percent of wheelchair users changing to a home activity pattern relative to a base scenario not including wheelchair use. Lastly, the thesis evaluates the performance of an on-demand, accessible mode for users with wheelchairs in the agent-based microsimulation BEAM. This simulation showed that demand for such a service increases linearly with fleet size and wait time remains constant, though further scenario refinement and research is necessary.

In our society multiple hierarchies exist when it comes to bodies. These hierarchies find their way to many fields of our daily life, including map applications (apps) and while places are becoming more inclusive, most of them are still tailored to a more “normal” user. In this explorative design thesis, I intend to explore different perceptions of the city and maps from the position of a wheelchair user by bringing multidisciplinary practices in Interaction Design field and through several design concepts. The thesis will follow the principles of Research-through-Design and will be supported with research in pluriversal design, phenomenology and norm creative innovation. It will explore the notion of “value” through different encounters between bodies and maps.

Smart homes are a growing digital phenomenon worldwide. It is widely used in everyday lifeby many people and the number of users increases significantly the more the area develops. Thesmart home contributes to many advantages both from an environmental perspective and froma comfort perspective, but as with most digital solutions, smart homes also have a backside, inthe form of security problems. There are many risks associated with using a smart home, andthe purpose of the study is to find out to what extent the individuals are aware of the risksassociated with smart homes, and to find out which risks affect the individuals the most, basedon their own point of view. The questions underlying the study are as follows: "To what extentis the individual aware of the risks associated with smart homes?" and "What risks have thegreatest impact on the individual?". In order to answer these questions, the study has beencarried out through a quantitative method in which a questionnaire was designed, the surveypresented, among other things, the risks that were chosen from the theory where we asked therespondents how conscious they are about these risks. The result shows that the majority ofrespondents are aware that there are risks with smart homes. The study shows that the greatestknowledge existed about the risks of eavesdropping and traffic analysis, even for those whowere not users of smart homes and regardless of age group. As for the other risks, it is users ofsmart homes who have the greatest knowledge about the risks and also individuals aged 30-39.Eavesdropping is the risk that the individuals consider to be the most and least serious risk.Future research in the field can be to find out how the users protect themselves against the risksand to carry out a similar study with a qualitative method to get more nuanced answers.

No description available.