Background: In the post-operative phase, the patient's ability to communicate is impaired. The postoperative patient is therefore in great need of that the information given is being individually adapted. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate communicative barriers and facilitating factors between the nurse and the patient in postoperative care and to describe areas of improvement. Methods: Literature study consisting of 12 qualitative scientific original articles focusing on communication between the nurse and the patient in postoperative care and the patient's communicative needs and the nurse's approach to this. Findings: The literature study showed that barriers like stressful working conditions led to short or no communication between the nurse and the patient, and that the postoperative care time thereby was prolonged. Different language, dialects, gender, cultural beliefs and socio-economic backgrounds meant that the information from the nurses was not perceived - or interpreted correctly - and that the time spent developing the message increased the workload. Patients who took an interest in their treatment and asked questions, acted as a positive facilitator. In by doing this, the patients increased the likelihood of being helped and communicated with by the nurses. Conclusion: The result of the literature study shows that an established clear communicative interaction between the nurse and the patient, with individualized care, could be perceived by the patient as just as important and desirable as a quick recovery from illness. / Bakgrund: I det postoperativa skedet är patientens förmåga att kommunicera nedsatt. Den postoperativa patienten är därför i stort behov av att informationen som ges är individanpassad. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka kommunikativa barriärer och underlättande faktorer mellan sjuksköterskan och patienten i postoperativ vård samt beskriva förbättringsområden. Metod: Litteraturstudie bestående av 12 stycken kvalitativa vetenskapliga originalartiklar med fokus på kommunikation mellan sjuksköterskan och patienten i postoperativ vård samt patientens kommunikativa behov och sjuksköterskans förhållningssätt till detta. Resultat: Litteraturstudien visade på att barriärer likt stressiga arbetsförhållanden ledde till kort eller ingen kommunikation mellan sjuksköterskan och patienten samt att den postoperativa vårdtiden därigenom blev förlängd. Olika modersmål, dialekt, kön, kulturell övertygelse och socioekonomisk bakgrund gjorde att informationen från sjuksköterskorna ej uppfattades- eller tolkades korrekt samt att tiden lagd på att få fram budskapet ökade arbetsbördan. Vad som agerade underlättande var patienter som själva var framåt och frågade om sin behandling. Detta resulterade i att dessa patienter fick hjälp samt ökade sannolikheten för kommunikation med sjuksköterskorna. Slutsats: Resultatet av litteraturstudien visade att ett etablerat tydligt kommunikativt samspel mellan sjuksköterskan och patienten, med individanpassad vård, kunde av patienten upplevas som lika viktigt och önskvärt som ett snabbt tillfrisknande från sjukdom.

Chang Anne Marie. / "April 1999." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 245-280). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Objetivou-se validar um modelo de comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal para o atendimento de enfermagem à clientela cega, segundo o referencial teÃrico de E.T. Hall (1986). Trata-se de um estudo metodolÃgico, desenvolvido no LabCom_SaÃde do Departamento de Enfermagem da UFC, no perÃodo de outubro de 2007 a junho de 2008. Foram selecionados 15 cegos e 15 enfermeiros para comporem cada grupo, treinado e nÃo-treinado e ambos tiveram as mesmas caracterÃsticas. Os cegos foram contatados por meio da AssociaÃÃo dos Cegos do Estado do Cearà e os enfermeiros a partir dos Centros AcadÃmicos. A fase de coleta de dados do grupo nÃo-treinado deu-se durante o mÃs de abril de 2008, por meio de consultas. Estas ocorreram dentro do LabCom_SaÃde e os dados foram coletados por meio de filmagens. O primeiro passo para a construÃÃo do modelo foram os estudos realizados acerca da teoria de Hall (1986). Subdividiu-se a consulta de enfermagem em quatro etapas denominadas etapas do cuidado. Em cada etapa de cuidado sÃo orientadas as aÃÃes do enfermeiro, descreve-se a aÃÃo e como deve ser desenvolvida tal aÃÃo. A etapa do cuidado 1 refere-se à organizaÃÃo do ambiente para desenvolver a Consulta de Enfermagem. Na etapa do cuidado 2 o enfermeiro deve receber o paciente na entrada do consultÃrio para introduzi-lo no ambiente onde serà realizada a consulta e deve cumprimentÃ-lo e informar a localizaÃÃo dos mÃveis e objetos. Jà a etapa do cuidado 3 aborda o desenvolvimento da CEnf propriamente dita. A etapa do cuidado 4 constitui-se a Ãltima etapa do modelo de comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal e enfoca a finalizaÃÃo da consulta e o encerramento da comunicaÃÃo com o paciente. ApÃs ser construÃdo, o referido modelo foi submetido à validaÃÃo aparente e de conteÃdo. Foi analisado por trÃs especialistas em comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal, por ser um nÃmero jà adotado em pesquisas anteriores. As sugestÃes incluÃdas no modelo se referiram à abrangÃncia, forma de apresentaÃÃo e representatividade do conteÃdo. Em seguida, iniciou-se a segunda etapa de validaÃÃo, por meio da qual o modelo foi submetido à testagem. Os enfermeiros e concludentes foram treinados de acordo tanto com as tÃcnicas de comunicaÃÃo pertinentes à utilizaÃÃo da comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal quanto em relaÃÃo à utilizaÃÃo do modelo com cegos. Quanto à coleta dos dados, foi realizada mediante o uso de trÃs cÃmeras filmadoras que registraram toda a consulta de enfermagem entre a enfermeira, o cego e o acompanhante, quando este estivesse presente. Para a anÃlise dos dados das filmagens foram escolhidos outros trÃs juÃzes, enfermeiros e estudantes do Programa de PÃs-GraduaÃÃo em Enfermagem, do nÃvel mestrado e doutorado, da UFC. Eles foram treinados em relaÃÃo à utilizaÃÃo do instrumento de anÃlise da comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal do enfermeiro-cego (CONVENCE) e do instrumento de validaÃÃo do modelo. Pelo fato deste estudo ser duplo cego, os juÃzes nÃo eram informados acerca de qual grupo, controle ou experimental, eram realizadas as anÃlises. Os dados coletados foram inseridos em planilha eletrÃnica com a utilizaÃÃo do programa SPSS, versÃo 14.0, e analisados em freqÃÃncia absoluta por meio de tabelas univariadas. Para se analisar a associaÃÃo entre as variÃveis e os enfermeiros nos grupos controle e experimental, foram empregados os testes qui-quadrado (&#967;2) e o mÃximo de verossimilhanÃa. Cumpriram-se as normas que regulamentam pesquisas em seres humanos, conforme a ResoluÃÃo 196/96 do MinistÃrio da SaÃde. Ao se comparar as aÃÃes da etapa do cuidado 1 entre o grupo treinado e nÃo-treinado, observa-se que o grupo treinado obteve resultado excelente (p<0,0001) em quatro dos cinco itens avaliados. Somente o item âtemperaturaâ apresentou proporÃÃo aproximadamente igual na escala. Na Tabela 3, ao se comparar as aÃÃes da etapa do cuidado 2 entre os grupos, observa-se que o treinado obteve resultado excelente (p<0,05) em todos os itens avaliados. Portanto, houve associaÃÃo estatisticamente significante em todas as aÃÃes. Em relaÃÃo aos resultados obtidos pela Tabela 4, observam-se resultados excelentes (p<0,05) em oito dos nove itens avaliados do grupo treinado em relaÃÃo ao grupo nÃo-treinado na etapa do cuidado 3. Apenas o item referente a âseguir o roteiro da CEnfâ ficou prÃximo ao valor do teste, ressaltando que esta aÃÃo obteve forte indicador de associaÃÃo. Os dados da Tabela 5 mostraram tambÃm resultados excelentes (p<0,05) do grupo treinado em relaÃÃo ao grupo nÃo-treinado nas trÃs das quatro aÃÃes desenvolvidas na etapa do cuidado 4. Conforme se percebe na Tabela 6, todos os itens contribuem para a confiabilidade interna do Modelo de ComunicaÃÃo NÃo-Verbal Enfermeiro-Cego. Conclui-se com este trabalho a necessidade de implementaÃÃo prÃtica tanto por parte dos enfermeiros como dos estudantes de enfermagem deste Modelo de ComunicaÃÃo NÃo-Verbal com o paciente cego para tornar o cuidado efetivo e afetivo, especialmente com aqueles que necessitam compreender e serem compreendidos em sua vida cotidiana. Confirma-se a hipÃtese de que o Modelo de ComunicaÃÃo NÃo-Verbal Enfermeiro-Cego à eficaz na consulta de enfermagem a pacientes cegos. / The goal was to validate a non-verbal communication model for nursing care delivery to blind clients, based on the reference framework by E.T. Hall (1986). This methodological research was developed at the LabCom_SaÃde research lab of the Nursing Department at Cearà Federal University between October 2007 and June 2008. Fifteen blind people and 15 nurses were selected for each group, i.e. trained and non-trained, both with the same characteristics. The blind were contacted through the Cearà State Association of the Blind (ACEC) and the nurses through the Academic Centers (CAs). In the non-trained group, data were collected in April 2008 through consultations. These took place inside the LabCom_SaÃde and data were collected through movie recordings. The studies carried out about Hallâs theory (1986) represented the first step to construct the model. The nursing consultation was subdivided in four phases, which were called care phases. In each phase, orientations are given for the nurseâs actions and the action is described, as well as how this action should take place. Care phase 1 refers to the organization of the environment to develop the Nursing Consultation (CEnf). In care phase 2, the nurse should receive the patient at the entry of the consultation room to introduce him/her into the environment where the consultation will take place, greet the patient and inform where furniture and objects are located. Care phase 3 addresses the development of the CEnf itself. Care phase 4 constitutes the final phase of the non-verbal communication model and focuses on how to end the consultation and close off communication with the patient. After its construction, the Model was submitted to face and content validation. It was analyzed by three specialists in non-verbal communication specialists, a number already adopted in earlier studies. The suggestions included in the model referred to range, presentation form and content representativeness. Next, the second validation phase started, through which the model was tested. The nurses and blind people were trained in terms of the communication techniques that are important in the use of non-verbal communication as well as the use of the Model with blind people. Data were collected with the help of three film cameras that recorded the entire nursing consultation among the nurse, the blind and the companion, if present. To analyze the movie data, three other judges were chosen, who were nurses and students from the Graduate Nursing Program at Cearà Federal University, masterâs and doctoral level. They were trained on how to use to nurse-blind non-verbal communication analysis instrument (CONVENCE) and the model validation instrument. As this was a double-blind study, the judges were not informed about which group â control or experimental - they were analyzing. The collected data were inserted in an electronic worksheet, using SPSS software, version 14.0, and analyzed as absolute frequencies through univariate table. To analyze the association between the variables and the nurses in the control and experimental groups, the chi-square (&#967;2) test and the maximum likelihood estimation were used. Guidelines for research involving human beings were complied with, in accordance with Resolution 196/96 by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The comparison between care phase 1 actions in the trained and non-trained group showed that the trained group obtained excellent results (p<0.0001) on four of the five items under analysis. The only exception was the âtemperatureâ item, with an approximately equal proportion on the scale. Table 3 shows that, when comparing care phase 2 actions between the groups, the trained group obtained an excellent result (p<0.05) on all items under evaluation. Hence, statistically significant associations were found for all actions. As to the results obtained in Table 4, excellent results are observed (p<0.05) on eight of the nine items assessed for the trained group in comparison with the non-trained group in care phase 3. Only the item related to âfollowing the CEnf scriptâ remained close to the test value, highlighting that this action obtained a strong association score. Data in Table 5 also showed excellent results (p<0.05) for the trained group in comparison with the non-trained group for three of the four actions developed in care phase 4. As observed in Table 6, all items contributed to the internal reliability of the Nurse-Blind Non-Verbal Communication Model. Through this research, it is concluded that nurses and even nursing students need to implement this Non-Verbal Communication Model with a view to effective and affective care, especially for patients who need to understand and be understood in their daily life. The hypothesis is confirmed that the Nurse-Blind Non-Verbal Communication Model is effective in nursing consultations with blind patients.

Background: Considering the increasing requirements and needs facing primary health care, the aspiration to use nurses as care providers has increased. This is done to improve the availability, effectiveness, and to dispense the available resources. Aim: The purpose of this study is to illuminate the patient's experiences of meeting nurses as care providers in primary health care. Method: Six qualitative, three quantitative, and one mixed method articles were analyzed to create a literature review. Results: Generally, the patients were satisfied with meeting nurses as care providers in primary health care. The result showed that the patients described relationship, trust, participation, and communication with nurses as significant aspects to feel secure. That the nurses made time available, as well as were easy to contact, were also aspects that contributed to the patients feeling secure. Uncertainties regarding the nurse's role, competence, and not being able to choose level of care were aspects that affected the insecurity. Conclusion: Nurses in primary health care have big opportunities to develop the meeting in a way that the patient feels secure in health care. Most patients experience great satisfaction with care provided by nurses. Considering the above facts, it seems possible to develop health care led by nurses. / Med de ökade behov och krav som ställs på primärvården i västvärlden och den resursbrist på personal som råder är det en ekvation som är svår att lösa. Ett sätt att möta dessa behov är att uppgiftsväxla vården och använda sjuksköterskor i stället för läkare i större utsträckning då det i tidigare studier visat på lika bra eller förbättrad tillgänglighet, effektivitet och kvalitet. Denna litteraturbaserade studie belyser patienters upplevelser av mötet med sjuksköterskor som vårdgivare inom primärvården. I resultatet har tio vetenskapliga artiklar, både kvalitativa och kvantitativa analyserats. I resultatet framkommer vikten av att utveckla en förtroendefull relation genom kommunikation och delaktighet med sjuksköterskan. En förutsättning för att det skall kunna ske är att det finns tillräckligt med tid en annan aspekt är möjligheten till kontinuitet, att träffa samma sjuksköterska vid upprepade tillfällen. Kan vården tillgodose dessa behov finns stora förutsättningar för att patienten skall känna trygghet och tillit till vården. I dagens sjukvård med ökad efterfrågan på vård, ekonomiska utmaningar och personalbrist finns risk för att dessa behov inte tillgodoses. Med en ökad kunskap hos sjuksköterskorna och vårdorganisationen om patienternas behov kan detta bidra till en mer individanpassad och tillfredsställande vård för patienten. Det visar sig också att många patienter har en oklar uppfattning om vad sjuksköterskans roll egentligen innebär.

Background: Previous research shows that language barriers can make it difficult for patients and nurses to communicate and understand each other. Communication enables patients to express their suffering to nurses, but language barriers can prevent this and thus affect the nurse-patient relationship. Although there are language barriers, nurses can create trust by showing willingness to care. The purpose: The aim of the study is to describe nurses' experiences of how language barriers affects the nurse-patient relationship. The method: A qualitative systematic literature study with a descriptive synthesis. Results: The result presented two themes and four sub-themes. The theme Willingness to do good contained sub-men A willingness to care and To receive support to promote communication. The theme Obstacles in caring contained sub-men An emotional distance and Does not understand. Conclusion: Language barriers, on the one hand, were found to limit the possibility of establishing a nurse-patient relationship, on the other hand, a nurse-patient relationship could develop into a caring relationship despite language barriers. Interpreters were necessary to be able to make contact with the patients, while being able to create a distance between the nurses and the patients.

Employee satisfaction and engagement have a direct impact on customer satisfaction. Dissatisfaction and disengagement lead to an increased intent to leave a job, poor patient outcomes, and decreased productivity. The retention and recruitment of qualified staff becomes an urgent priority to ensure safe and prudent patient care. The purpose of the qualitative research study was to better understand the beliefs, attitudes, perceptions, and reasons for emergency department registered nurses (ED RN) satisfaction and engagement in the workplace focusing on Herzberg's, Vroom's, Yetton's, Maslow's, Benner's, and Kahn's motivation and engagement theoretical frameworks. The qualitative case research study focused on satisfaction and engagement elements using structured interviews of 21 ED nurses from three hospitals of varying sizes and capabilities and included three generational cohorts of Baby Boomer, Generation X, and Millennial RN. Interview analysis showed distinct similarities and differences in nurse satisfaction and work engagement with a consistency in job engagement with no distinct differences among generations. Distinct findings included persistent lack of staff resources, poor communication from leaders, and compassion fatigue among staff. Findings reflected strong interpersonal relationships, teamwork, autonomy, and a strong sense of accomplishment among nurses. Findings indicate that satisfied nurses have improved outcomes, produce happier customers, and feel a sense of accomplishment in the job performed. The positive social impact of this study is in providing guidance on retaining ED RN to provide adequate staffing levels for safe, quality healthcare.

ABSTRACT Notions of quality of life dictate philosophies and policies for services for people with developmental disabilities. There is an abundance of research on quality of life, much of which has influenced the significant amount of study of quality of life for people with developmental disabilities. According to specialist developmental disability nurses, however, this research has little meaning for one group of people with developmental disabilities with whom they work - people with severe multiple impairments. Nevertheless, judgements and decisions about the lives of this group continue to be driven by the idea of quality of life. While the literature review found that researchers are urged to seek the perceptions of people regarding their own quality of life by asking them, some authors have noted the difficulty in pursuing such a method with people, such as people with severe multiple impairments, who are unable to communicate in the usual ways. Given, then, that it is difficult to directly determine the views of people with severe multiple impairments, this study sought the perceptions of nurses about the quality of life of the people with whom they work. In order to discover and conceptualise nurses' views, a symbolic interaction perspective was chosen to guide this study and data were analysed using the grounded theory approach. The study was conducted in two stages. Stage One consisted of semi-structured indepth interviews with expert nurses to explore their perceptions of quality of life for the people with whom they worked. A significant finding in these interviews was that perceptions of quality of life are mediated by interaction. Consequently, Stage Two involved a participant observation study in which the interactions of nurses and people with severe multiple impairments were examined. Specialist developmental disability nurses have a unique view of quality of life for people with severe multiple impairments. They refer to it as 'just little things', a phrase which masks complex nursing knowledge and skills, and which can be described by four interrelated categories which emerged from the data: humans being, supporting, becoming intimate, and situated belonging. As nurses become more intimate with individuals, they perceive that people with severe multiple impairments are humans being as they wish, and that quality resides in supporting their everyday lives in a context of situated belonging. This thesis represents a new conceptualisation of quality of life for people with severe multiple impairments, a conceptualisation which may have significance for other groups and, indeed, for the whole quality of life enterprise. This conceptualisation draws on knowledge not usually related to quality of life, that is, knowledge of the body, of the emotions, of identity and of humanness. Such findings demonstrate the power of an interpretive approach in explicating the meanings nurses have regarding quality of life. Further, these findings have implications for how the question of quality of life is approached, for how different ways of thinking about people impact on quality of life, and for the importance of the life in quality of life.

This phenomenological study describes the lived experience of pain inflicted in the context of medically prescribed treatment, explores the meanings of such pain for patients who endured it and for nurses whose actions contributed to its generation, and presents a thematic description of the phenomenon of clinically inflicted pain. The study is informed by phenomenology, both in terms of its premises and orientation, and its research design and method. The participants in the study were 14 adult patients, admitted to hospital following burn injuries, or receiving intravenous chemotherapy upon diagnosis of cancer, and 20 nurses involved in their care. Data collection took place over a period of five months and included participant observation and compilation of field notes, and a total of 89 tape-recorded interviews (48 with patients and 41 with nurses). Through the process of hermeneutic interpretation a number of themes were identified and used to describe the phenomenon of clinically inflicted pain and the structure of the lived experience of the patients and nurses concerned. The phenomenon of clinically inflicted pain is described in terms of four related themes: 1) the hurt and painfulness of inflicted pain; 2) handing one's body over to others; 3) the expectation and experience of being wounded, and 4) restraining the body and the voice. These themes point to the embodied nature of pain experience and the extent to which the person is involved not only in the enduring of pain but also in its generation. The broader lifeworld of clinically inflicted pain involves patients in the experience of constituting such pain, often as punishment and almost always as something unavoidable, and in turn being constituted by their experiences in terms of losing and seeking to regain a sense of embodied self and of personal situation, and by changed experiences of lived space and lived time. Nurses who themselves helped to generate pain, frequently overlooked the patient's lived exerience and thus the essential nature of inflicted pain as painful, wounding, and demanding cooperation and composure from the patient. Instead, the pain frequently became invisible to nurses involved in its infliction, or when it could not be overlooked or ignored, it was perceived as inevitable, non-harmful, and even as beneficial to patients' recovery. The strategic responses that nurses adopted to pain infliction included detachment from the perceived impact and consequences of their own actions and objectification of the person in pain as a body-object on whom certain tasks had to be performed. An alternative to the strategy of detachment and objectification was involvement in a therapeutic partnership between the nurse and the patient, where shared control over pain infliction and relief helped to sustain trust in the relationship and preserve personal integrity of the patient and the nurse. The study points to dangers for both patients and nurses when clinically inflicted pain is ignored, overlooked, or treated with detachment. It also points a way toward nursing practice that is guided by thoughtfulness and sensitivity to patients' lived experience, and awareness of freedom and responsibility inherent in nursing actions, including those involved in inflicting and relieving pain. The study raises questions about nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and actions in relation to clinically inflicted pain, and highlights the need for nursing education and practice to consider the contribution of a phenomenological perspective to the understanding of human experience of pain, and the nursing role in its generation, prevention, and relief.

No description available.

BAKGRUND: Sverige har de senaste decennierna blivit ett multikulturellt samhälle. En god kommunikation är en viktig aspekt i omvårdnaden. Om patienten och sjuksköterska inte kan kommunicera med varandra, leder det till onödigt lidande för patienten och en påfrestande situation för sjuksköterskan. De kulturella aspekterna kan påverka kommunikationen och vårdmötet med patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund. Tidigare artiklar visar vikten av att sjuksköterskan har kunskap om andra kulturer. SYFTE: Syftet är att belysa hur sjuksköterskor upplever vårdmöten med patienter från annan kulturell bakgrund. METOD: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie togs fram för att få svar på studiens syfte. RESULTAT: Tre huvudteman framträdde: Kulturkompetensbrist, kommunikationssvårigheter samt kulturhinder i vårdmötet. Det största problemet som framkom grundades i språkbarriärer. Sjuksköterskorna i de inkluderade artiklarna utryckte att vården av patienterna påverkades negativt då patienten inte kunde tala språket. Sjuksköterskorna uttryckte även att de hade liten kunskap om patienternas kultur. KONKLUSION: Sjuksköterskorna behöver mer kunskap om andra kulturer, vara öppna inför patienten och visa respekt för andras tankar och värderingar. Dessutom behövs det mer forskning om kulturell kompetens och mer resurser i form av tolk samt anställning av fler sjuksköterskor bland annat med utländsk bakgrund. / BACKGROUND: Sweden has become a multicultural society the last decades. A good communication is an important aspect in nursing. If patient and nurse can‟t communicate with each other, it may lead to unnecessary suffering for the patient and a trying situation for the nurses. The cultural aspects can affect the encounter and the communication with a patient from a different culture. Earlier studies show the importance of knowledge about other cultures among the nurses. AIM: The purpose of the study is to describe nurses‟ experience in the encounter with patient from a different culture background. METHODS: A qualitative literature study is designed to find an answer to the purpose of the study. RESULTS: Three main categories were found; Culture competence acknowledges communication difficulties and cultural obstacle in the nursing encounter. The main problem in all the study was language barriers. Nurses experienced that they didn´t give the same individual care to those patient who couldn´t speak the language. Nurses also expressed that they had little knowledge about the patients‟ culture. CONCLUSION: The nurses need more knowledge about other cultures, be open-minded and show respect for others thoughts and values. It´s need for more research about cultural competence and more resources as nurses and translators and employment of more nurses with foreign background.