The global phenomenon of burgeoning coastal population growth has led to coastal watershed landscape transformation and ecosystem degradation, prompting policy-makers to set limits on freshwater withdrawals and labile nutrient loads. Important components of Florida’s economies lie in the state’s expansive coastal zone; the organisms driving the billion-dollar recreational fishing industry are rooted in coastal habitats, while the agriculture and real-estate industries sprawl throughout numerous coastal watersheds. This study aimed to identify the connections between anthropogenic land use and essential juvenile fish nursery habitats within the coastal zone, which is the first critical step for sustaining the ecology and related economies of the region. The need for this study arises from the fact that these economies are interconnected through nitrogen, and therefore nitrogen management can influence their prosperity or collapse. Juvenile fish nursery habitats are located in waters that receive nitrogen from adjacent landscapes. Runoff delivers nitrogen derived from human nitrogen use and processing within the watersheds to the juvenile fish nursery habitats. Ecosystem managers must understand that although copious amounts of nitrogen applied to land may ultimately support nursery habitat foodwebs, overwhelming nitrogen loads may also create algal blooms that decay and cause lethal hypoxic events leading to ecosystem degradation. This study aims to pinpoint the specific nitrogen sources that support primary production and ultimately fish production in watersheds dominated by agricultural landscapes and residential neighborhoods. Stable isotopes are versatile tools used to identify these connections. The nitrogen and carbon compounds that make up the moieties of an ecosystem inherently carry information on major nitrogen sources, trophic structure as well as the crucial information concerning dominant nitrogen removal and transformative processes that occur within sediments. Specifically in this study, the stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen of dissolved inorganic nitrogen, primary producers, and fish were used to identify 1) the connections between urban and agricultural landscapes and the nutrients that percolate through the foodweb, 2) the primary producers that support fish biomass, 3) the origins of sedimentary organic matter that can provide new nitrogen via recycling, and 4) the heterogeneous function of fish nursery habitats in polluted systems. This study was conducted during the region’s wet and dry seasons and in over thirty watersheds that differ from each other in terms of size and anthropogenic influence. In agricultural watersheds, nitrogen derived from row crops and tree crops ultimately supported fish production during the wet season. Convective afternoon thunderstorms coupled with runoff delivered nitrogen from the landscape to receiving waters. These nutrients supported phytoplankton which deposited into the sediments and supported benthic foodwebs. During the dry season, nitrogen derived from row crops and nitrogen transformation in the sediments ultimately supported fish production. In this case, irrigation water used for agriculture delivered nitrogen from lands covered with row crops to the nursery habitats in receiving waters. The dry season was characterized by the nitrogen transformation process known as dissimilatory nitrogen reduction to ammonium (DNRA), where biologically available nitrate is converted to biologically available ammonium. Phytoplankton deposits, most likely delivered during the wet season, were recycled through the slow burning DNRA processes, which provided nitrogen for the benthic microalgae that dominated in the dry season. These organisms in turn supported benthic communities which ultimately supported dry season fish production.  In small urban watersheds, nitrogen derived from septic tanks, lawn irrigation, leaky sewage pipes, and atmospheric deposition ultimately supported fish production via phytoplankton, but unlike the nitrogen sources in agricultural watersheds, these sources (with the exception of atmospheric deposition) were seasonally consistent because a mechanisms to deliver nitrogen derived from septic tanks, lawn fertilizer, and leaky sewage pipes were, at least to some extent, available during both seasons. In polluted, tidal, fish-nursery habitats, the specific mechanism that allowed nursery habitats to decrease the ratio of mortality over growth rates of juvenile fish was not consistent among systems. These mechanisms were likely dependent on physical-chemical parameters and stream geomorphology. If the geomorphology or physical-chemical characteristics of nursery habitats are not adequate to set up an efficient nitrogen transfer process to fish, these habitats become more of a haven from predators rather than a source of food for fish.  This study has several implications for management. Managers must first recognize that microalgae are dominant supporters of tidal nursery foodwebs. Managers must define the relationship between nitrogen loads and fish abundance. If this relationship is unknown, the results of increasing nitrogen loads on fish production will remain uncertain; foodwebs in nursery habitats may collapse due to eutrophication, or fish abundance may increase due to increases in food supply. Connectivity factors derived from stable isotope mechanistic mass-balance models can be used as measurable targets for groups of watersheds. The use of wetlands as nitrogen remediation tools may not be effective at removing nitrogen; nitrogen transformation processes such as DNRA likely outweigh removal processes in wetland soils.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2005. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.H.A.)--University of Michigan, 1962.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Auburn University, 2008. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.H.A.)--University of Michigan, 1962.

O objetivo deste estudo desenvolvimental, de delineamento transversal, foi investigar a relação entre o desenvolvimento motor de bebês, que freqüentam creches, entre seis a dezoito meses, e as características ambientais das famílias e das creches de Erechim/RS. Verificou, também, o desenvolvimento motor dos bebês, o contexto familiar, as oportunidades de estimulação do comportamento motor no lar e as características do contexto e cuidados oferecidos nas creches. Os participantes foram 52 bebês, de 9 creches (4 públicas e 5 particulares). Os instrumentos avaliativos foram: a $OEHUWD ,QIDQW 0RWRU VFDOH $,06 para o desenvolvimento motor, o $IIRUGDQFHV LQ WKH +RPH (QYLURQPHQW IRU 0RWRU 'HYHORSPHQW $+(0' para o contexto familiar - geral e oportunidades de estimulação, e ficha de observação da rotina da creche para contexto e os cuidados oferecidos. A análise dos dados quantitativos utilizou a estatística descritiva e o teste de Kolmogorov-Srminov para a distribuição das variáveis, teste de correlação intraclasse para teste-reteste, correlação de Pearson para objetividade e associações. Na comparação entre grupos independentes o teste t- Student (normalidade da distribuição) e Mann Whitney (não paramétricos). Na comparação de três grupos Kruskal-Walls (grupos pequenos). Para análises bivariadas, o teste Qui quadrado de Pearson.Os dados sobre o contexto e cuidados nas creches foram agrupados e analisados descritivamente. A análise do desenvolvimento motor revelou que 50% (n=26) dos bebês participantes apresentaram desempenho motor suspeito de atraso ou atrasado. A investigação de fatores correlacionados mostrou que a renda familiar e o gênero não influenciaram o desempenho dos bebês. A escolaridade paterna indicou correlação com o desempenho motor dos bebês. As oportunidades de estimulação do comportamento motor no lar, foram suficientes em 80,8% (n=42) das casas. A relação entre contexto familiar e desempenho motor indicou que bebês cujas famílias possuíam oportunidades de estimulação suficientes apresentavam melhor desempenho motor. Quanto às creches detectou-se que bebês das particulares tenderam a apresentar melhor desempenho motor que os das creches públicas. E que a proporção de bebês com desempenho suspeito ou atraso detectado é superior nas creches públicas. O tempo que o bebê freqüenta a creche não influenciou o desempenho motor. O contexto e os cuidados incluem profissionais com formação em educação.A proporção cuidador/bebê não é adequada e gera sobrecarga de trabalho e pouca atenção individualizada. A oferta, disponibilidade de brinquedos, oportunidades de brincar e as instalações podem ser melhoradas. A ênfase dos cuidados inclui aspectos pedagógicos parcialmente. As necessidades essenciais são atendidas, mas sugere-se que sejam oportunizadas experiências, interações e práticas para o desenvolvimento dos bebês. / The aim of this developing study, of transversal sketch, was investigate the relation between development of babies that attend to nurseries, between six and eighteen months, and the environmental characteristic of the families and the nurseries in the city of Erechim/RS. It was also verified, the babies’ motor development, the familiar structure, the opportunities of stimulation of motor behavior at home and the characteristics of the structure and the cares offered at the nurseries. The participants were 52 babies, from 9 nurseries (4 public and 5 private). The testing instruments were: the $OEHUWD ,QIDQW PRWRU VFDOH $,06 to motor development, $IIRUGDQFHV LQ WKH KRPH (QYLURQPHQW IRU PRWRU GHYHORSPHQW $+(0' to familiar structure – general opportunities of stimulation, and a daily observation form of the nursery to the context and offered cares. The analysis of quantitative data used the descriptive statistics and the test of Kolmogorov-Srminov to the distribution of the variables, test of intraclass correlation to test-retest, correlation of Pearson to objectivity and associations. At the comparison between independent groups the t-Student test (normality of distribution) and Mann Whitney (non-parametric). At the comparison of three Kruskall-Walls groups (small groups). To bivariable the qui square test of Pearson. The data about the context and cares of nurseries of gathered in groups and analyzed in a descriptive way. The analysis of motor development exposed that 50% (n=26) of the participant babies showed suspitions of delay or delay. The investigations of the factors correlated showed that the familiar income and the genre didn’t influence the babies’ performance. The paternal scholar level indicated correlation to the babies’ motor performance. The opportunity of motor behavior at home, were enough in 80,8% (n=42) of homes. The relation between the familiar context and motor development indicated that babies whose families had opportunities of enough stimulations showed better motor performance. Referring to the nurseries it was detected that the babies of private ones tended to show batter modern performance than those of public ones. The rate with suspect or backward detected performance is higher of the public nurseries. The time that the baby attends to the nursery didn’t influence the motor performance. The context end the cares include professional with graduation in education. The proportion caretaker-baby isn’t adequate and generate overload of work and little individualized attention. The offer, disponibility of toys, opportunities of playing and the installments can be improved. The emphasis of cares include pedagogical aspects in a biased way. The essential needs are considered, but it is recommended that be opportunized experiences, interactions and practice to the development of the baby.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:50:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1416691 bytes, checksum: ffc3990008c811bdfa86e71e8a199015 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Brazil has 11.6% of all fresh water in the planet, with 67% of available water is used for agriculture. It appears that the indiscriminate use of this feature has generated discussions on the scope of sustainable development for the country. Eucalyptus is a multipurpose species exhibiting rapid growth and high productivity, to be adapted to the climatic conditions of Brazil. To raise the productivity of the crop in the field, seedling production process must be conducted providing water conditions, proper nutrition, microclimate and sanitary. This research had the objective of modeling the growth of eucalyptus seedlings as a function of thermal time, develop and calibrate a weighing microlysimeter for use in a protected environment and determine the evapotranspiration of eucalyptus seedlings at all stages of production (rooting, acclimatization, growth and hardening). The experiment was conducted in the Nurseries Research from the Department of Forestry, belonging to the Federal University of Viçosa. There were two production cycles of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla), and the first irrigation was carried out according to the traditionally used by the seedlings. In the second production cycle was thrown into the irrigation water demand function in culture. In addition to determining fresh and dry biomass of seedlings at intervals of 3 days were accomplished biometric measurements of eucalyptus seedlings, which were measured in leaf area, shoot height, stem diameter and length of the root system. It was later determined the quality of seedlings through the Dickson Quality Index (DQI). The determination of the evaporation was performed with the aid of the weighing microlysimeter, designed and calibrated for use in a greenhouse. Quantification of input and output of water in microlysimeter was based on fresh biomass accumulation of seedlings as a function of degree-days, in the interception of water by the leaves and the tray, and the amount of water retained in the micropores of the substrate. On average, it took 1045 degree-days for the production of eucalyptus seedlings, rooting for hardening in both production cycles. On average, the evapotranspiration of eucalyptus plants for rooting was equal to 2.40 mm; acclimatization equal to 2.00 mm, 4.82 mm of growth and hardening equal to 3.84 mm. With respect to the water depth applied, comparing the application of water by traditional management and optimized, there was a water economy optimized for the management of 11.9% for rooting, 60.3% at the acclimatization, the 25.6% growth phase and 30.6% during hardening. The proposed new irrigation levels did not affect the quality of the seedlings. The evapotranspiration of the plants inside the greenhouse was highly correlated with the variable weather outside, being recommended for the estimation of evapotranspiration in greenhouse. / O Brasil detém 11,6% de toda a água doce existente no planeta, sendo que 67% da água disponível é utilizada na agricultura. Verifica-se que o uso indiscriminado desse recurso tem gerado discussões quanto ao alcance de um desenvolvimento sustentável para o país. O eucalipto é uma espécie de uso múltiplo que apresenta rápido crescimento e alta produtividade, por ser adaptado às condições climáticas do Brasil. Para elevar a produtividade da cultura no campo, o processo de produção das mudas deve ser realizado propiciando condições hídricas, nutricionais, microclimáticas e sanitárias adequadas. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivos realizar a modelagem do crescimento das mudas de eucalipto em função do tempo térmico, desenvolver e calibrar um minilisímetro de pesagem para utilização em ambiente protegido e determinar a evapotranspiração de mudas de eucalipto em todas as fases de produção (enraizamento, aclimatação, crescimento e rustificação). O experimento foi conduzido no Viveiro de Pesquisas do Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, pertencente à Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Foram realizados dois ciclos de produção de mudas de eucalipto (Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla), sendo que no primeiro o manejo da irrigação foi realizado de acordo com o convencionalmente utilizado pelo viveiro. No segundo ciclo de produção a irrigação foi acionada em função da demanda hídrica na cultura. Além da determinação da biomassa fresca e seca das mudas, com periodicidade de 3 dias, foram realizadas medidas biométricas das mudas de eucalipto, nas quais foram mensuradas a área foliar, altura da parte aérea, diâmetro do colo e comprimento do sistema radicular. Posteriormente, foi determinada a qualidade das mudas por meio do Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD). A determinação da evapotranspiração foi realizada com o auxílio do minilisímetro de pesagem, desenvolvido e calibrado para utilização em ambiente protegido. A quantificação da entrada e saída de água no minilisímetro foi baseada no acúmulo de biomassa fresca das mudas em função dos graus-dia acumulados, na interceptação de água pelas folhas e pela bandeja, e na quantidade de água retida nos microporos do substrato. Em média, foram necessários 1045 graus-dia acumulados para a produção das mudas de eucalipto, do enraizamento à rustificação, em ambos os ciclos de produção. Em média, a evapotranspiração das mudas de eucalipto na fase de enraizamento foi igual a 2,40 mm; na aclimatação igual a 2,00 mm; no crescimento de 4,82 mm e na rustificação igual a 3,84 mm. Com relação à lâmina aplicada, comparando a aplicação de água pelo manejo convencional e otimizado, verificou-se uma economia hídrica pelo manejo otimizado de 11,9 % na fase de enraizamento; 60,3 % na fase de aclimatação; 25,6 % na fase de crescimento e 30,6 % na fase de rustificação. As novas lâminas de irrigação propostas não afetaram a qualidade das mudas. A evapotranspiração das mudas no interior do ambiente protegido se mostrou altamente correlacionada com as variáveis meteorológicas externas, podendo ser recomendada para estimativa da evapotranspiração em ambiente protegido.

O objetivo deste estudo desenvolvimental, de delineamento transversal, foi investigar a relação entre o desenvolvimento motor de bebês, que freqüentam creches, entre seis a dezoito meses, e as características ambientais das famílias e das creches de Erechim/RS. Verificou, também, o desenvolvimento motor dos bebês, o contexto familiar, as oportunidades de estimulação do comportamento motor no lar e as características do contexto e cuidados oferecidos nas creches. Os participantes foram 52 bebês, de 9 creches (4 públicas e 5 particulares). Os instrumentos avaliativos foram: a $OEHUWD ,QIDQW 0RWRU VFDOH $,06 para o desenvolvimento motor, o $IIRUGDQFHV LQ WKH +RPH (QYLURQPHQW IRU 0RWRU 'HYHORSPHQW $+(0' para o contexto familiar - geral e oportunidades de estimulação, e ficha de observação da rotina da creche para contexto e os cuidados oferecidos. A análise dos dados quantitativos utilizou a estatística descritiva e o teste de Kolmogorov-Srminov para a distribuição das variáveis, teste de correlação intraclasse para teste-reteste, correlação de Pearson para objetividade e associações. Na comparação entre grupos independentes o teste t- Student (normalidade da distribuição) e Mann Whitney (não paramétricos). Na comparação de três grupos Kruskal-Walls (grupos pequenos). Para análises bivariadas, o teste Qui quadrado de Pearson.Os dados sobre o contexto e cuidados nas creches foram agrupados e analisados descritivamente. A análise do desenvolvimento motor revelou que 50% (n=26) dos bebês participantes apresentaram desempenho motor suspeito de atraso ou atrasado. A investigação de fatores correlacionados mostrou que a renda familiar e o gênero não influenciaram o desempenho dos bebês. A escolaridade paterna indicou correlação com o desempenho motor dos bebês. As oportunidades de estimulação do comportamento motor no lar, foram suficientes em 80,8% (n=42) das casas. A relação entre contexto familiar e desempenho motor indicou que bebês cujas famílias possuíam oportunidades de estimulação suficientes apresentavam melhor desempenho motor. Quanto às creches detectou-se que bebês das particulares tenderam a apresentar melhor desempenho motor que os das creches públicas. E que a proporção de bebês com desempenho suspeito ou atraso detectado é superior nas creches públicas. O tempo que o bebê freqüenta a creche não influenciou o desempenho motor. O contexto e os cuidados incluem profissionais com formação em educação.A proporção cuidador/bebê não é adequada e gera sobrecarga de trabalho e pouca atenção individualizada. A oferta, disponibilidade de brinquedos, oportunidades de brincar e as instalações podem ser melhoradas. A ênfase dos cuidados inclui aspectos pedagógicos parcialmente. As necessidades essenciais são atendidas, mas sugere-se que sejam oportunizadas experiências, interações e práticas para o desenvolvimento dos bebês. / The aim of this developing study, of transversal sketch, was investigate the relation between development of babies that attend to nurseries, between six and eighteen months, and the environmental characteristic of the families and the nurseries in the city of Erechim/RS. It was also verified, the babies’ motor development, the familiar structure, the opportunities of stimulation of motor behavior at home and the characteristics of the structure and the cares offered at the nurseries. The participants were 52 babies, from 9 nurseries (4 public and 5 private). The testing instruments were: the $OEHUWD ,QIDQW PRWRU VFDOH $,06 to motor development, $IIRUGDQFHV LQ WKH KRPH (QYLURQPHQW IRU PRWRU GHYHORSPHQW $+(0' to familiar structure – general opportunities of stimulation, and a daily observation form of the nursery to the context and offered cares. The analysis of quantitative data used the descriptive statistics and the test of Kolmogorov-Srminov to the distribution of the variables, test of intraclass correlation to test-retest, correlation of Pearson to objectivity and associations. At the comparison between independent groups the t-Student test (normality of distribution) and Mann Whitney (non-parametric). At the comparison of three Kruskall-Walls groups (small groups). To bivariable the qui square test of Pearson. The data about the context and cares of nurseries of gathered in groups and analyzed in a descriptive way. The analysis of motor development exposed that 50% (n=26) of the participant babies showed suspitions of delay or delay. The investigations of the factors correlated showed that the familiar income and the genre didn’t influence the babies’ performance. The paternal scholar level indicated correlation to the babies’ motor performance. The opportunity of motor behavior at home, were enough in 80,8% (n=42) of homes. The relation between the familiar context and motor development indicated that babies whose families had opportunities of enough stimulations showed better motor performance. Referring to the nurseries it was detected that the babies of private ones tended to show batter modern performance than those of public ones. The rate with suspect or backward detected performance is higher of the public nurseries. The time that the baby attends to the nursery didn’t influence the motor performance. The context end the cares include professional with graduation in education. The proportion caretaker-baby isn’t adequate and generate overload of work and little individualized attention. The offer, disponibility of toys, opportunities of playing and the installments can be improved. The emphasis of cares include pedagogical aspects in a biased way. The essential needs are considered, but it is recommended that be opportunized experiences, interactions and practice to the development of the baby.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:16:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 766471 bytes, checksum: 1b0713b462bef3544c4c3aba084d089b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The studies on conceptions of parents and educators as to the childlike development characterize an important area of inquiry in Psychology of the Development. The conceptions of parents and educators are developed through their personal, social and cultural experiences which affect the adult-child interaction. Based on this premise, we tried to analyze the concepts that parents and educators have about childhood development, believing that these concepts, and/ or set of ideas that are shared among members of a community, are intended to organize the perception of parents and educators about how they understand the child; and these concepts in turn have motivational properties, which serve as targets, as interpretation of reality and understanding of childhood development, and also, the different forms how parents and educators will take care of the children. From a Vygotskiana proposal, the figure of the mediator has an important role in promoting childhood development, since it is through his way of thinking, conceiving and believing that the practices will be laid down; and consequently how to act with the children, directly influencing their development. The development does not occur linearly by itself but through evolutionary changes; and it can vary in terms of developments or setbacks, according to the environment where it occurs. This study aimed to analyze the views of mothers and educators of children who were four to twenty four months of age on childhood development. With specific objectives, conceptions of mothers and educators were established about childhood development; and also, if they are confluent and / or divergent. This is a descriptive-analytical study with a qualitative approach on the field research of three nurseries from a private network in João Pessoa City on Paraíba State, Brazil. As an instrument of investigation, a semi-structured interview was used with a social-demographic questionnaire; it was prepared by means of the objectives of the study besides other already fulfilled inquiries. Participating of the study were twenty mothers and twenty educators. The criterion for selection of participants was to be mothers of children from four to twenty four months of age, and for educators that specifically take care of those children. The choice of this age group was due to the importance of the early years of life for childhood development. All interviews were taped, transcribed and analyzed from the standpoint of the thematic-categorical content proposed by Bardin, with categories that were defined later. The results revealed that mothers and teachers had similar notions of childhood development in some respects, but we could perceive that the testimonies of the educators had more elements in relation to the meanings attributed to childhood development. This research has good applicability to support programs in educational policies and suggests that there must be studies comparing public and private nurseries. / Os estudos sobre concepções de pais e educadores a respeito do desenvolvimento infantil caracterizam uma importante área de pesquisa em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento. As concepções dos pais e educadores são desenvolvidas através de suas experiências pessoais, sociais e culturais, influenciando a interação adulto-criança. Com base nessa premissa, procurou-se analisar as concepções que os pais e os educadores têm a respeito do desenvolvimento infantil, acreditando que estas concepções, e/ou conjunto de idéias, que são compartilhadas entre os membros de uma comunidade, têm o objetivo de organizar a percepção dos pais e educadores a respeito da forma como os mesmos compreendem a criança. As concepções por sua vez possuem propriedades motivacionais, as quais funcionam como metas, interpretação da realidade, e compreensão do desenvolvimento infantil, e ainda, formas de como os pais e educadores cuidarão de seus filhos. A partir de uma proposta vigotskiana, a figura do mediador tem um papel relevante na promoção do desenvolvimento infantil, haja vista que é através do seu modo de pensar, conceber, acreditar, que se estabelecerão as práticas e consequentemente a forma de agir com as crianças, influenciando diretamente no seu desenvolvimento. Por si, o desenvolvimento não acontece de forma linear, mas sim por meio de alterações evolutiva, podendo variar em termos de avanços ou retrocessos, conforme o ambiente onde ocorre. O presente estudo teve como objetivo geral analisar as concepções das mães e das educadoras de crianças de 04 - 24 meses de idade sobre o desenvolvimento infantil. Como objetivos específicos foram verificadas as concepções das mães e das educadoras sobre desenvolvimento infantil e também se as mesmas são confluentes e ou divergentes. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-analítico, numa abordagem qualitativa, tendo como campo de investigação três berçários da rede privada da cidade de João Pessoa, na Paraíba. Como instrumento foi utilizado uma entrevista semi-estruturada, com questionário sócio-demográfico, elaborada mediante os objetivos do estudo além de outras pesquisas já realizadas. Participaram do estudo 20 mães e 20 educadoras. O critério para escolha das participantes foi o de serem mães de crianças na faixa etária de quatro a vinte quatro meses, e para as educadoras, de que cuidassem especificamente dessas mesmas crianças. A escolha das crianças nessa faixa etária aconteceu devido à importância que tem os primeiros anos de vida para o desenvolvimento infantil. Todas as entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e analisadas a partir da análise de conteúdo categorial temática proposta por Bardin, com categorias que foram definidas a posteriori. Os resultados encontrados revelaram que mães e educadoras apresentaram concepções semelhantes do desenvolvimento infantil em alguns aspectos, porém foi possível perceber que as falas das educadoras apresentaram mais elementos no que se refere aos significados atribuídos ao desenvolvimento infantil. Esta pesquisa tem boa aplicabilidade para subsidiar ações em políticas educativas e sugere que haja estudos comparativos entre berçários particulares e públicos.

O presente estudo tem como objeto a transição e os percursos das creches diretas da Secretaria de Assistência Social (SAS), para a Secretaria Municipal de Educação (SME), na Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo durante a gestão Marta Suplicy (PT), de 2001 a 2004. Buscou-se compreender o processo político-administrativo levado a efeito nesse período. Intencionamos ao mesmo tempo, contribuir para o debate sobre creches, buscando apontar alguns indicadores do processo e como o município de São Paulo incorporou o preceito constitucional das creches na área da Educação. Buscou-se utilizar como referências conceituais diferentes teorias da área de política de educação infantil e das políticas sociais dirigidas à infância, objetivando relacioná-las com as políticas de creche no município de São Paulo, evidenciando o contexto histórico-político em que estava inserido. A conclusão do estudo revela que a mudança de área trouxe várias modificações com relação ao atendimento das crianças nas creches, em especial, a organização da demanda, a gestão de sistema e de unidades e a formação de professores. A pesquisadora reuniu e analisou grande parte da documentação que caracterizou a transição e com base nas entrevistas realizadas demonstrou que, embora com contradições, houve avanços para as creches diretas do município de São Paulo. Destaca ainda, que há muito a investir na qualidade do atendimento educacional da criança de 0 a 6 anos no município. / This study aims to track the transition and the course of administration of day-nurseries of the Secretary of Social Assistance (SAS) to Municipal Secretary of Education (SME) of São Paulo City during the administration of the Major Marta Suplicy (PT), from 2001 to 2004. The Administration has tried to understand the political and administrative process carried out during the remaining period. At the same time our intention was that this study could contribute to the debate about day-nurseries, pointing and analyzing indicators that reflected on the developed work and how the schools accepted the constitucional precept of day-nurseries in the area of Education. On the development of this study, we have used as references, different conceptual theories linked to childhood education policies in accordance with social policies targeting to connect them with the policies used in daynurseries in the city of São Paulo, emphasizing the historical and political context in which was inserted. The conclusion reached by this study suggests that is the changing of the area that has brought a lot of modifications about the care of children in day-nurseries as the way of the attendance, the administration of educational system and unit until the organization and formation of staff in this sector. The researcher attended and analyzed great part of the documentation that characterized the transition and added to the interviews showed, although with contradiction in process, that progress was occurring through the day-nurseries for the city of Sao Paulo. Highlights have shown that educational area needs investment and efforts in order to enhance the quality of the attendance for children from 0 to 6 years in the childhood education in São Paulo.