The late nineteenth century British stage was hopelessly confused. It couldn’t decide whether it was London’s principle source of entertainment—mainstream and respectable enoughfor Queen Victoria herself to patronize—or the seedbed of all corruption and deviance in Victorian society. At the center of this split identity was the actress, a figure both well-beloved (in the case of stars like Ellen Terry) and the literal embodiment of everything a Victorian women shouldn’t be—loose, sexualized, and working (in the case of her contemporary, Olga Nethersole). Because of this liminal position, Victorian actresses thus create a fascinatingmicrocosm in which to study the implications of performativity and performance in late nineteenth century society. I argue that stars like Terry and Nethersole, though they did so by opposite means, deliberately performed multiple roles, both on stage and in society, in order to enjoy the autonomy they craved—one unavailable to the majority of Victorian women.The biographies of both actresses reveal compelling paradoxes. Terry, though respectedenough to be compared to the “ideal” Victorian woman (the proverbial “Angel in the House”), was in reality a fallen woman. Olga Nethersole, on the other hand, built her career on playing fallen woman roles, yet lived an upright and unremarkable private life. Despite these differences, however, both women rose to great heights of fame and earned careers, funds, and power overtheir lives and relationships that most women of the century would never dream of. This thesis investigates the anomaly of autonomous Victorian actresses through the lens of performance theory. Drawing upon the concepts of liminality and social performativity, introduced largely by performance studies scholars like Richard Schechner and Marvin Carlson, I work toward a practical connection between performance on the stage and performativity in society that remainslargely unexplored in the field of Victorian theatrical studies. Ultimately, I am shedding light onthe paradoxical, dual function of performance; as demonstrated in the lives of these two actresses, it has the potential to simultaneously reinforce societal norms and to protest against them.

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El presente trabajo de investigación consistió en aplicar un cuestionario de 12 preguntas a 98 gestantes, 49 primigestas y 49 multigestas. Estas gestantes asistieron durante el mes de Julio a charlas de profilaxis en la clínica – hospital “Hogar de la Madre” en Lima, Perú. El cuestionario estuvo elaborado en función a preguntas sobre la relación que existe entre lactancia materna con el desarrollo orofacial y hábitos nocivos de succión. En las respuestas brindadas por las gestantes encontramos que la gran mayoría no ha recibido ninguna charla informativa sobre el tema, a pesar de que ellas asisten continuamente a escuchar charlas sobre lactancia. También encontramos que no tienen la información de que un destete antes de los seis meses podría llevar a que su niño presente en el futuro un hábito nocivo de succión. Este trabajo busca promover, desde la gestación, que las madres reciban charlas informativas sobre la relación que existe entre la lactancia materna y el desarrollo orofacial del bebé, y también que tengan el conocimiento de que la lactancia materna exclusiva puede ayudar a prevenir los hábitos nocivos de succión.

This diploma thesis focuses primarily on the relation between inner and outer landscape in postmodern fiction, i.e. on specific concepts of individual fictional spaces and the ways in which they resonate with the protagonists' means of perception. As a particular starting point, these four works are used: Trýznivé město by D. Hodrová, Pravěk a jiné časy by O. Tokarczuková, Země vod by G. Swift and prose collections Fikce and Alef by J. L. Borges. In the diploma thesis, the term "inner landscape" refers to a spectrum of concepts connected with the theme of subjective perception, among which the most important are topics of recollection and descending into deeper layers of the space - i.e. to the symbolical or mythical layer - and, thus, deeper to understanding one's identity. Therefore, a crucial part of the diploma thesis is to grasp characteristic features of individual fictional worlds and to interpret them in relation to perception and identity of characters. This interpretation is based on the definition of individual topoi and dominants as well as on the presupposition of the vertical structure of the works which implies merging of different time, space and conceptual levels. In the diploma thesis, the dynamic aspect is accentuated so the attention is paid to the protagonists' moving through...

Since earliest times death has been an important and always actual theme in the arts. The point of departure of this thesis is to examine the portrayal of the ”discourse of and about death” in the poems of three women poets, namely Elisabeth Eybers, Olga Kirsch and Eveleen Castelyn. Various aspects of death thematics are considered and, from a formal perspective, the presence and absence of traditional forms concerning death, such as the ”obituary poem”, the ”elegy”, the ”dirge” and the ”threnody” are investigated. The research plan and the development of the study are dealt with in chapter one. The problem formulation and theoretical approaches for this study are given special attention. In chapter two the death theme in literature throughout the centuries, and specifically in poetry, is relevant. Death thematics occurring in English, Dutch, Afrikaans, Chinese, American, Russian, German, French and Spanish literatures are examined. Philosophical and Christian viewpoints concerning death are also investigated. The portrayal of death in the poetry of Elisabeth Eybers is the topic in chapter three. Her oeuvre is devided into four periods. The collections from Belydenis in die skemering up to Rymdwang are only summarily referred to, since this section has already been dealt with in my MA dissertation (Schutte, 1988). The following six volumes are discussed in detail concerning her religious views and the portrayal of death by way of various subthemes and stances. Chapter four is dedicated to the poetry of Olga Kirsch and in chapter five to that of Eveleen Castelyn. In chapter six a comparison is drawn between the three poets regarding their shared death thematics, similarities and differences in their mode of betrayal and their views on the afterlife. During her oeuvre Eybers adopts an agnostic view, Kirsch embraces the Jewish faith and Castelyn holds a Christian point of view throughout her oeuvre. At the end of the study a summary and findings are given and the conclusion, that the three poets increasingly become preoccupied with death, is reached. / Afrikaans & Theory of Literature / (D. Litt. et Phil. Afrikaans))

Submitted by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2015-05-22T20:34:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Dissertacao_PoeticaCorpoObra.pdf: 981692 bytes, checksum: 1b1c536e8d223c374e9dd5cb6254bbb4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Rosa Silva (arosa@ufpa.br) on 2015-05-25T13:59:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Dissertacao_PoeticaCorpoObra.pdf: 981692 bytes, checksum: 1b1c536e8d223c374e9dd5cb6254bbb4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-25T13:59:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Dissertacao_PoeticaCorpoObra.pdf: 981692 bytes, checksum: 1b1c536e8d223c374e9dd5cb6254bbb4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / A presente dissertação constitui uma interpretação do corpo e de suas inter-relações com o erotismo e com o amor, a partir de um diálogo com a obra Linha-d’Água (1987), de Olga Savary (1933). A hipótese de pesquisa, aqui articulada, compreende a transfiguração poética do corpo sob o elemento simbólico da água como a encenação poético-ontológica do princípio da unidade entre o ser humano e a natureza. Por meio de uma abordagem hermenêutica (RICOEUR, 1990), vislumbra-se nos poemas a abertura para a articulação textual de um ser-no-mundo, que diz respeito a uma nova experiência do homem com a existência. A obra opera a recriação poética dos corpos na manifestação das águas, de modo que a comunhão amorosa instaura uma aproximação do ser humano com a sua origem, como uma possibilidade de reconciliação com a natureza (PAZ, 1994). Para compor este diálogo, contrapõe-se à leitura que, à luz do ecofeminismo, compreende esta operação poética como a expressão de subjetividades relacionada a questões de gênero ou de papéis sociais (SOARES, 1999). Sob a vigência do erotismo, os corpos humanos desnudados são assimilados a uma doação da natureza, entendida como o desvelamento da phýsis grega (HEIDEGGER, 1999). Os versos de Linha-d’Água articulam um movimento de ruptura com o legado conceitual da metafísica platônica, que estabeleceu uma cisão entre o homem e a sua condição carnal, o homem e o real, aprofundada durante a modernidade. Em meio à dinâmica cíclica e incessante da phýsis, o ser humano reconhece na própria liquidez do seu corpo o retorno ao fundamento primordial; por outro, assume a sua condição de estar lançado no fluir temporal incessante. Na obra da escritora paraense, recoloca-se o horizonte humano, por via da poética corporal, em reconciliação com o élan originário da natureza e, ao mesmo tempo, com a própria natureza viva dos amantes. / This paper is an interpretation of the body and its interrelationships with eroticism and love, from a dialogue with the book Linha-d’Água (1987), by Olga Savary (1933). The hypothesis this research articulates the poetic transfiguration of the body under the symbolic element of water as a poetic-ontological staging of the principle of unity between man and nature. Through a hermeneutic approach (RICOEUR, 1990), it is perceived in the poems a opening for textual articulation of a being in the world (being-there), with respect to the dynamics of human existence. The work of art operates a poetic recreation of bodies in the prevailing presence of the water, so that the loving communion establishes an approximation of the human being with its origin as a possibility of reconciliation with nature (PAZ, 1994). To compose this dialogue, we oppose a ecofeminism reading, which understands this operation as a poetic expression of subjectivities related to issues of gender or social roles (SOARES, 1999). Through the erotic impetus, human bodies are compared to a donation of nature, understood as unveiling of what the Greeks called phýsis (HEIDEGGER, 1999). The verses of Linha-d'Água articulate a movement that breaks with the conceptual legacy of Platonic metaphysics, which established a division, that has deepened in the modernity, between man and his carnal condition, between man and the reality. Amid the incessant cyclical dynamics of phýsis, Man must recognize itself in the liquidity of your body the return to primordial basis; on the other hand, he also must assume its condition of being released on the incessant temporal flow. In Savary's work, the human horizon is reinserted, through bodily experience, in reconciliation with that original impulse of nature and, at the same time, with the own living nature of lovers.

<p>Det här examensarbetet handlar om skrivundervisning. Undersökningen är huvudsakligen en fallstudie. Syftet är att få ökade kunskaper om en gymnasielärares arbetssätt för att utveckla sina elevers skrivande. Den huvudsakliga forskningsfrågan i detta arbete är: Hur beskriver en erfaren gymnasielärare sin skrivundervisning för att öka sina elevers skrivförmåga inom svenskundervisningen i gymnasiet?</p><p>Examensarbetet börjar i en teoretisk utgångspunkt med tre olika teorier om skrivande och skrivundervisning. Sedan fortsätter det med den empiriska delen som är en djupintervju med en lärare vid namn Emmy (fiktivt namn) på en gymnasieskola i Småland. I resultaten, analysen och diskussionen i examensarbetet visas det hur en lärare har försökt att svara på frågeställningen ovan.</p><p>Den huvudsakliga slutsatsen är att läraren är flexibel och att hon har ett antal olika metoder att arbeta med när hon försöker öka sina elevers skrivförmåga i sin dagliga undervisning. Den här fallstudien visar också något av hennes syn på skrivundervisning inom svenskämnet på gymnasiet. Emmys teoretiska grundsyn ligger nära skrivprocessteorin som representeras av den svenska forskaren Siv Strömquist.</p><p>Det är omöjligt att dra några generella slutsatser om alla lärare bara på basis av en enda fallstudie. En försiktig tanke som dock uppstår i diskussionen är att det kan vara svårt att vara lärare, om man tittar på och lever sig in i Emmys bild av sin skrivundervisning. Några av hennes ledstjärnor är värdegrunden, den lokala kursplanen, skrivprocessteorin, en bra lärare–elev-relation, mycket läsning, textanalys, bra skrivuppgifter, tydliga uppgiftsinstruktioner, mönsterexempel, mycket skrivträning, nyttig textrespons, infärgning, goda råd till eleverna samt sist men inte minst humor och lust i skrivundervisningen. Allt detta ska leda henne framåt för att öka skrivförmågan hos eleverna.</p>

Since earliest times death has been an important and always actual theme in the arts. The point of departure of this thesis is to examine the portrayal of the ”discourse of and about death” in the poems of three women poets, namely Elisabeth Eybers, Olga Kirsch and Eveleen Castelyn. Various aspects of death thematics are considered and, from a formal perspective, the presence and absence of traditional forms concerning death, such as the ”obituary poem”, the ”elegy”, the ”dirge” and the ”threnody” are investigated. The research plan and the development of the study are dealt with in chapter one. The problem formulation and theoretical approaches for this study are given special attention. In chapter two the death theme in literature throughout the centuries, and specifically in poetry, is relevant. Death thematics occurring in English, Dutch, Afrikaans, Chinese, American, Russian, German, French and Spanish literatures are examined. Philosophical and Christian viewpoints concerning death are also investigated. The portrayal of death in the poetry of Elisabeth Eybers is the topic in chapter three. Her oeuvre is devided into four periods. The collections from Belydenis in die skemering up to Rymdwang are only summarily referred to, since this section has already been dealt with in my MA dissertation (Schutte, 1988). The following six volumes are discussed in detail concerning her religious views and the portrayal of death by way of various subthemes and stances. Chapter four is dedicated to the poetry of Olga Kirsch and in chapter five to that of Eveleen Castelyn. In chapter six a comparison is drawn between the three poets regarding their shared death thematics, similarities and differences in their mode of betrayal and their views on the afterlife. During her oeuvre Eybers adopts an agnostic view, Kirsch embraces the Jewish faith and Castelyn holds a Christian point of view throughout her oeuvre. At the end of the study a summary and findings are given and the conclusion, that the three poets increasingly become preoccupied with death, is reached. / Afrikaans and Theory of Literature / (D. Litt. et Phil. Afrikaans))

This theses focuses on Olga Krijtova (1931-2013), Czech translator from Dutch. The aim is to introduce Olga Krijtova within the framework of reception of Dutch literature in Czech cultural environment. In order to explore this framework, the thesis compares Czech and Dutch culture from translatological point of view, outlines the history of Czech-Dutch relationshiops and Dutch literary translations into Czech, as well as the history and current state of the academic discipline of Dutch studies. In the 20th century, Olga Krijtova had contributed greatly to making the Dutch literature available for Czech recipients. The thesis aims to find out how many translations done between the years 1957-2016 are Krijtova's or her students' work. Further, it summarizes her teaching and linguistic work. However, the main focus is her translation activities, which is studied by means of translation analysis in the second part of the thesis. The final aim is to review and interpret Krijtova's translation strategies and methods, as well as to assess her overall contribution to the reception of Dutch literature within the Czech environment and to the Dutch studies in the Czech Republic. Key words: Olga Krijtová, Dutch translations, Dutch studies, translation analysis, literary translations