This diploma thesis is focused on the issue of occupational safety and health on case of emergency. The analysis of the current state in the area of potential risk of selected emergencies was performed. The attention was focused mainly on the current epidemiological situation, specifically on the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and employees work in the office. The questionnaire survey was conducted, the results of which served as a basis of risk analysis by selected methods. Based on the obtained results, measures were proposed incl. financial evaluation.

Master's thesis is focused on work conditions area in selected company, especially on occupational health and safety. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze work conditions, which are in the company nowadays, and to create suggestion, which should lead to the correction of eventual gaps. This correction should lead to the improvement of the work conditions in the company, and should be also acceptable for the company.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-06-08T19:06:45Z No. of bitstreams: 3 Dissertação - Lucass Nunes de Melo - 2016 - Parte 1.pdf: 1791 bytes, checksum: f4bca48a4fa3209f71b21171b4042162 (MD5) Dissertação - Lucass Nunes de Melo - 2016 - Parte 2.pdf: 1338986 bytes, checksum: 44c1106298d780e8b898b530f9c57a6b (MD5) license_rdf: 19874 bytes, checksum: 38cb62ef53e6f513db2fb7e337df6485 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-06-09T11:37:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 Dissertação - Lucass Nunes de Melo - 2016 - Parte 1.pdf: 1791 bytes, checksum: f4bca48a4fa3209f71b21171b4042162 (MD5) Dissertação - Lucass Nunes de Melo - 2016 - Parte 2.pdf: 1338986 bytes, checksum: 44c1106298d780e8b898b530f9c57a6b (MD5) license_rdf: 19874 bytes, checksum: 38cb62ef53e6f513db2fb7e337df6485 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-09T11:37:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Dissertação - Lucass Nunes de Melo - 2016 - Parte 1.pdf: 1791 bytes, checksum: f4bca48a4fa3209f71b21171b4042162 (MD5) Dissertação - Lucass Nunes de Melo - 2016 - Parte 2.pdf: 1338986 bytes, checksum: 44c1106298d780e8b898b530f9c57a6b (MD5) license_rdf: 19874 bytes, checksum: 38cb62ef53e6f513db2fb7e337df6485 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-11 / It is essential that the production and the prevention of accidents keep up inseparable in the organizational environment. In this context the safety culture seeks a healthy and safe environment. Thus, we conducted a case study on an automaker through qualitative research and the participation of 43 employees in the interviewing process to verify the safety culture in the worker's perspective. The utterances of these were compared with the safety culture proposed by the International Atomic Energy Agency. The qualitative data analysis was supported by WEBQDA application by the award three units of meaning, and following aspects: institutional, behavioral and relationship in SST. After data analysis, it was possible to infer that in the workers perspective , the organization's safety culture is based on the use of personal protective equipment, the supervision and training for work, seeking the reduction of accidents. We conclude that the company's safety culture is in line with the recommendations by the IAEA, but it is necessary the involvement of senior management on issues related to health and safety.It is also recommended conducting periodic educational campaigns to promote and solidify the safety culture in the company. / É essencial que a produção e a prevenção de acidentes se mantenham indissociáveis no ambiente organizacional. Neste contexto, a cultura de segurança busca um ambiente saudável e seguro. Desse modo, realizamos um estudo de caso em uma montadora de automóveis, por meio da pesquisa qualitativa e da participação de 43 trabalhadores no processo de entrevistas para verificar a cultura de segurança na perspectiva do trabalhador. As verbalizações dos mesmos foram comparadas com a cultura de segurança proposta pelo International Atomic Energy Agency. A análise dos dados qualitativos foi apoiada pelo aplicativo WEBQDA, mediante atribuição de três núcleos de sentido, sendo eles os aspectos: Institucionais, Comportamentais e de Relacionamento em SST. Após análise dos dados, foi possível inferir que, na visão dos trabalhadores, a cultura de segurança da organização está baseada no uso de equipamentos de proteção individual, na fiscalização e na capacitação para o trabalho, buscando a redução de acidentes. Concluímos que a cultura de segurança da empresa está de acordo com o preconizado pelo IAEA, porém, o envolvimento da alta direção em questões ligadas à Saúde e à Segurança se faz necessário, além da aplicação de campanhas educativas periódicas para promover e solidificar a cultura de segurança na empresa.

Abstract The purpose of this research was to study the actorship of occupational safety and health delegates and managers and the development of their actorship as part of their respective work organizations and the systems of occupational safety and health (SOSH), especially in the context of cooperation. Qualitative (N = 119) and statistical (N = 125) data and analysis were used at the same time. In January 2001, there was an advertisement in the Työ Terveys Turvallisuus (Work Health Safety) magazine inviting occupational safety and health delegates and managers to report about the course and prospects of their career as well as their experiences of success and dificulties. The average report was two pages in length and compact. Almost all people who responded to the invitation were sent a SOSH questionnaire. The NVivo2-software was used for qualitative analysis and partly also for statistical analysis, and the purpose was to find structural entities and invariance. The statistical analysis was mainly concerned with SOSH. The most important aspects of action are the object and the outcome in relation to the facilities, division of tasks, community and rules within the operating system. The object and the change of action were investigated by shaping different ways of objectifying and understandings their background. There are three levels of the objectifivation: 1) one-dimensionality of the working environment, 2) multi-dimensionality of the micro system and 2) multi-dimensionality of the meso system. Historical development proceeds from the first through the second towards the third level, because the phenomena of the organizational and working environment are progressively understood as more and more many-faceted and interactional. The change of the ways for objectification also proceeds through three historical phases: 1) the phase of safety at work and the physical working environment, 2) the expanding phase towards a psychosocial working environment and working ability and 3) the expanding phase towards occupational well-being, holistic organizational development and active leadership. The interaction and cooperation are important themes in the actions of OSH delegates and managers. When the scope of interaction and the activity of leadership are cross-classified four alternatives emerge: 1) conflicting, 2) asymmetric, 3) symmetric, and 4) synergic modes of OSH cooperation. In the same axial situation, it is possible to make a typology of the enterprises and other work organizations: 1) defensive and solid, 2) passive and uncoordinated, 3) active and coordinated, and 4) totally managed and renewing. When the level of OSH cooperation and the ability to endure and produce conflicts of values and objects are cross-classified, six types of OSH delegates and managers can be identified: 1) assistant, 2) representative, 3) marketer, 4) auditor, 5) developer, and 6) adviser. Each of them is better consistent with some organizational types than some others. Typical personal strategies are 1) submissiveness and reactiveness, 2) marketing, 3) proactiveness, and 4) professional skills for development. The typical causes of success in OSH include the activity, commitment and support of leaders and managers (70%), on the personal characteristics, ways of action and activity of OSH delegates and managers on the other (70%). / Tiivistelmä Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää työsuojeluvaltuutettujen ja -päälliköiden toimijuutta ja sen kehitystä osana omaa työorganisaatiota ja sen työsuojelujärjestelmää erityisesti yhteistoiminnallisuuden näkökulmsta. Tiedonhankinnassa ja analyysissa käytettiin samanaikaisesti laadullisia ja tilastollisia keinoja. Tapausten lukumäärä laadullisessa aineistossa oli 125 ja tilastollisessa aineistossa 119. Laadullisessa analyysissa käytettiin hyväksi NVivo2-tietoteknistä analyysiohjelmaa. Kyselytutkimuksen aineistolla selvitettiin työsuojelun yhteistoiminta-aktiivien näkökulmasta työsuojelujärjestelmien tilannetta. Toiminnan kohdetta ja sen muutosta tutkittiin selvittämällä työsuojelun yhteistoimintahenkilöstön kohteellistamistapoja ja -ymmärryksiä. Aineistosta erottuu kolme kohteellistamisen päätasoa: 1) työympäristön yksiulotteisuus, 2) mikrotason systeemisyys ja 3) mesotason systeemisyys. Kehitys kulkee ensiksi mainitusta kohti viimeksi mainittua, mikä voidaan selittää sillä, että asiat ymmärretään ajan kuluessa organisationaalisesti yhä monitahoisemmin, monitasoisemmin ja vuorovaikutteisemmin. Työsuojelun yhteistoiminnalle erityiset muodot saatiin valitsemalla ulottuvuuksiksi yhteistoiminnan kohdealueen laajuus ja johtamisen aktiivisuus. Tällöin saadaan nelikentän lohkoille nimet 1) ristiriitainen, 2) epäsymmetrinen, 3) symmetrinen ja 4) synerginen. Työsuojelun yhteistoiminta-aktiivien selostusten perusteella oli mahdollista analysoida ja tyypitellä heidän toimintakenttänään olevia yrityksiä ja organisaatioita. Tällöin yhdistettäessä tarkastelu-ulottuvuuksiksi yhteistoiminnan kohdealueen laajuus ja johtamisen aktiivisuus saadaan organisaatiotyypeiksi 1) jähmettynyt ja defensiivinen, 2) passiivinen ja koordinoimaton, 3) osittaisjohdettu ja aktiivinen sekä 4) kokonaisjohdettu ja uudistuva. Jaoteltaessa työorganisaation yhteistoiminnallisuus kolmeen eri tasoon ja toisaalta työsuojelun yhteistoimintahenkilön kyky tai tapa kohdata ristiriitoja kahteen eri tasoon saadaan 6-osainen typologia: 1) avustaja, 2) edunvalvoja, 3) markkinoija, 4) katselmoija, 5) kehittäjä ja 6) neuvonantaja. Kukin tyyppi kehitysvaiheena mahdollistuu todennäköisimmin jossakin organisaatiotyypissä, joka vuorostaan kehitysvaiheena tuottaa tietyt edellytykset ja tarpeet kyseisen tyypin, eli tietyn rooli- ja tehtäväkokonaisuuden, omaksumiseen. Vastaavasti strategisina perusvaihtoehtoina saadaan nelikenttä, joka jakaantuu seuraavasti: 1) reaktiivisuus ja alistuvuus, 2) markkinoivuus, 3) proaktiivisuus ja 4) kokonaisvaltaisuus ja kehittäjäammatillisuus. Työsuojelutoiminnan onnistuneisuuden syistä tärkeimmiksi mainitaan yhtäältä omistajien ja johdon aktiivisuus, tavoitteellisuus, sitoutuneisuus, kiinnostuneisuus ja tuki, sekä toisaalta työsuojelun yhteistoimintahenkilöstön henkilökohtaisen ominaisuudet, toimintatapa ja aktiivisuus. Molemmat tekijät saavat kaksikolmasosan osuuden vastauksissa. Johdon ja omistajien kokonaismerkitys tulee esille, kun vaikeuksien syinä johdon passiivisuus, tavoitteettomuus, tietämättömyys, osaamattomuus ja kielteisyys saavat 52 %:n osuuden selostuksissa. Työsuojeluvaltuutetut ja -päälliköt joutuvat tehtävässään toimintaedellytysten ja ristiriitojen kenttään, jonka merkitys jaksamisen ja toiminnan mielekkyydelle on pitkällä aikavälillä riippuvainen toimintaedellytysten ja ristiriitojen laadusta ja niiden välisestä suhteesta. Työpaikkakohtaisen työsuojelujärjestelmän tilaa erittelevät tulokset osoittavat, että lähes kaikissa tarkastelukohteissa on yleisesti ottaen kehittämisen ja parantamisen varaa. / Sammanfattning Syftet med denna forskning är att redogöra för skyddsombudens och -chefernas verksamhet och redogöra för utvecklingen för verksamheten, i synnerhet ur samarbetets synvinkel, som en del av den egna arbetsorganisationen och det egna systemet för arbetarskyddsarbetet. I undersökningen används både kvalitativa och statistiska metoder. Skyddsombuden och -cheferna ombads genom en annons i tidningen Työ Terveys Turvallisuus berätta om sin egen karriär i arbetarskyddsarbetet, samt om sina erfarenheter och åsikter, om framgångar och svårigheter i samarbetet. Till alla som skrev sändes också ett frågeformulär som innehöll frågor om egenskaper av systemet för arbetarskyddsarbetet. I det kvalitativa materialet var antalet fall 125 och i det statistiska materialet 119. Stora företag och organisationer, kommuner och skyddsombud utgjorde majoriteten av forskningsmaterialets svar. Det finns tre objektiva nivåer i verksamheten: 1) arbetsmiljöns endimensionalitet 2) mikronivåns systematik och 3) mesonivåns systematik. Utvecklingen sker från den första mot den sistnämnda, de organisatoriska förbindelserna mellan olika nivåer blir med tiden ännu mångsidigare och har större växelverkan. Ur den organisationspolitiska synvinkeln har utgångspunkten varit till slutet av 1980-talet en riskhanteringspolitik som har strävat till att hindra förluster. I början av 1990-talet har personal- och utvecklingspolitiken kommit med i bilden, till exempel som personalekonomisk beräkning och rapportering, som upprätthållande och främjande av arbetsförmåga, samt som kvalitetsverksamhet. Målet i arbetarskyddsarbetet har utvidgats till organisationspolitikens område. Den följande fasen kan vara en integrerad politik för resultat och arbetsvälmåga. I förändringen av målinriktningarna kan man skilja på tre nivåer och faser vilka utvidgar sig till 1) arbetssäkerhet och fysisk arbetsmiljö 2) till arbetsförmåga och psykosocial arbetsmiljö 3) till välmående, holistisk utveckling och aktiv ledning. Växelverkan och samarbete delar sig på fyra utvecklingshistoriska faser beroende på ledningens aktivitet och arbetarskyddsarbetets omfattning 1) motstridig 2) osymmetrisk 3) symmetrisk och 4) synergisk. Också arbetsorganisationerna kan med samma princip delas i fyra typer 1) stelnad och defensiv, 2) passiv och okoordinerad, 3) delvis styrd och aktiv och 4) helt styrd och förnyande. Skyddsombuden och -cheferna kan delas i sex typer på grund av den personliga förmågan att ta emot, orsaka och undvika konflikter, och den organisatoriska förmågan att samarbeta: 1) assistent, 2) representant, 3) marknadsförare, 4) mönstrare, 5) utvecklare och 6) rådgivare. Det finns behov att utveckla nästan alla delområden i arbetarskyddsarbetet inom arbetsorganisationerna.

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The aim of the thesis is to solve selected parts of the construction technology project for the building of the multifunctional complex Rudiny II, Žilina - building block D. The content of the thesis is a technical report to the construction technology project, studies of the implementation of the main technological stages of the building. technological regulation for horizontal and vertical monolithic structures, quality control and testing plan for the production of vertical and horizontal monolithic structures, OSH plan. In the appendix of my diploma thesis I processed drawings of construction equipment, itemized budget of the building, object budget according to THU, time plan of construction, dimensions of construction machines, laying plan for system formwork on standardized floor of multifunctional house.

The diploma thesis is focused on so called new risks, which currently include the risks associated with various nanomaterials - their production, introduction into practice and use. The paper summarizes the up-to-date knowledge about the characteristics of nanoparticles used and it proposes a procedure to estimate potential consequences of their exposure. The experimental part of the paper is represented by a case study, which introduces the practical application of the proposed procedure aiming at estimated exposure to nanoparticles on the workplace where metal working is executed and resulting occupational risks. The aim of this part of the study was to measure selected parameters of aerosols using a special measuring system working on the principle of laser photometry combined with diffusion charger and detector using Faraday cage. The object of the measurements was to determine the numerical concentration of nanoparticles present in working environment and the representation of size groups of submicron particles. The measurement procedure was designed in accordance with ČSN EN 689, ČSN EN ISO 16000-1 and ČSN ISO 8756 standards and data gained were subsequently interpreted. Afterwards the results were used to design the measures to reduce the risk of health damage when facing chronic inhalation...

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In this thesis I focus on a safety audit in a plant for the preparation of concrete carried out according to Self-Audit Handbook for SMEs. In the first part some examples of accidents in plants for the preparation of concrete in Czech Republic as well as in abroad are stated. In the second part I describe the subject of work injury in Czech Republic and the obligations of employees and employers in accordance with the labour code. The third part deals with the safety management, occupational health and safety management system and briefly covers various types of audits. The next part analyses briefly concrete composition and its production process, the function of plant for the preparation of concrete and safety requirements demanded from the plant for the preparation of concrete in accordance with an appropriate standard. The last part describes the audit itself processed according to Self-Audit Handbook for SMEs at two plants. The aim of this thesis is to process and to evaluate results of two audits that took place at plans for preparation of the concrete and to propose corrective actions and process improvements.

Diploma thesis deals with construction technological project for extension of school. Contents of construction technological project are project engineering report, study of realization of main technological stages, engineering report of site equipment, proposal of construction machines, etc. In detail thesis deals with load-bearing structure of cross laminated timber and the technological note, inspection and testing plan.