No description available.

This dissertation presents in the form of two distinct chapters conceptually related in nature. The first chapter integrates literature from various fields such as indigenous, womanist, and feminist lenses to propose nine principles when working with Muslim women. The purpose of the second chapter is to examine Muslim women’s experiences in therapy at university counseling centers. The study explores women’s experiences from a social determinants of health perspective and a narrative inquiry method—namely, how intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, community, and policy factors inform women’s experiences. Qualitative analysis from interviews with six women suggests Muslim women navigate multiple systems which inform their beliefs about health and their experiences in therapy.

No description available.

No description available.

Thesis (MPH.) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / Background: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome still remains the leading cause of death globally. Understanding students’ views about the risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection by exploring and describing their perceptions may help to design effective Human Immunodeficiency Virus prevention interventions. The tertiary institution environment offers a great opportunity for Human Immunodeficiency Virus high risk behaviours, including alcohol and drug abuse, unsafe sex, multiple sexual relationships, intergenerational and transactional sex. Despite the decline in the overall incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection, still a significant proportion of the youth population are at risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection. Objectives: The study was to explore and describe perception of risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus among students at the Institute of Development Management, Gaborone, Botswana Campus. Methodology: A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study using semi-structured interviews with purposively selected second year Public Health students was conducted. Interviews were conducted using an interview guide. It was audio recorded until data saturation was reached, where eight students participated in the study. Voice recordings were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results: The findings reveals that some participants perceive themselves to be at risk of contracting Human Immunodeficiency Virus, while others perceive themselves as being not at risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection. Several risk factors associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection, for example, alcohol and drug abuse, multiple concurrent sexual relationships, intergenerational and transactional sex are revealed as challenges. They also expressed their fears in relation to Human Immunodefiency Virus testing, pregnancy and disclosure of Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive status due to the stigma and discrimination. Conclusion: High risk behaviours leading to Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome prevalence are still common among young people, hence the need for government and all stakeholders to specifically address them by coming up with specific behavioural intervention programmes.

Thèse de doctorat présenté en vue de l'obtention du doctorat en psychologie - recherche intervention, option psychologie clinique (Ph.D) / Les violences sexistes et sexuelles constituent un enjeu majeur dans les universités et depuis #MeToo, plusieurs mobilisations ont émergé à travers le monde pour les dénoncer (Tadros et Edwards, 2020). Le sujet des violences sexuelles subies par les étudiants de l’international a reçu trop peu d’attention, et ce, en dépit de décennies de recherches sur ces violences et sur les expériences de cette population (Lee, 2018). Ces étudiants sont d’ailleurs considérés comme étant « particulièrement vulnérables », notamment en raison de caractéristiques individuelles (p. ex. origine ethnique) (Bonistall Postel, 2020). Toutefois, cette perspective peut renforcer des stéréotypes à l’égard de cette population et donner lieu à des recommandations pour la prévention qui sont inutiles, voire dommageables (Hutcheson, 2020 ; Todorova et al., 2022). De plus, elle néglige à la fois les inégalités reliées au statut et celles associées à d’autres positions sociales (p. ex. le genre, l’identité sexuelle). Le statut d’étudiant international implique des restrictions en matière de droits, de ressources et de privilèges, entrainant ainsi d’importantes conséquences sur la sécurité de ces étudiants (Marginson et al., 2010). Dénominateur commun d’une population très hétérogène, le statut d’étudiant international peut également amplifier des enjeux auxquels les étudiants nationaux sont aussi confrontés (p. ex. sexisme, racisme, homophobie) (Marginson et al., 2012). Adopter une approche intersectionnelle permet de comprendre comment ces enjeux s’entrecroisent et se renforcent mutuellement. En quoi les expériences de ces étudiants diffèrent-elles des autres ? Cette population est-elle particulièrement à risque ? Comment réduire ce risque ? L’état des connaissances actuelles, tant au Canada qu’à l’international, ne permet ni de répondre à ces questionnements ni d’orienter adéquatement les efforts de prévention et d’intervention. Cette recherche doctorale répond à ces lacunes par le biais trois études. La première étude a comparé les expériences de violences sexuelles des populations étudiantes universitaires (nationale/internationale), en examinant les formes de ces violences (p. ex. harcèlement sexuel), leur contexte, leurs conséquences et leur dévoilement. La deuxième étude a analysé le risque associé au statut d’étudiante internationale à travers le temps et examiné les intersections entre le statut et quatre facteurs de risque (p. ex. l’exposition à la maltraitance durant l’enfance). La troisième étude a identifié des mesures préventives qui permettraient de diminuer l’incidence des agressions sexuelles auprès de femmes de premier cycle. Les résultats de ces trois études révèlent que les expériences de violences sexuelles des deux populations sont généralement similaires, toutefois les étudiants de l’international rapportent une fréquence plus élevée de certaines formes de violences. Le risque associé au statut ne s’explique pas uniquement par des caractéristiques individuelles (p. ex. le genre, l’identité sexuelle, la minorité visible) ou psychologiques (p. ex. croyances et attitudes envers les agressions sexuelles, perception du risque). Les analyses intersectionnelles suggèrent que le statut d’étudiant international est associé à des effets complexes et hétérogènes. Les contributions théoriques, empiriques et pratiques de cette recherche doctorale soulignent la nécessité d’une approche intersectionnelle et multidisciplinaire. Il est nécessaire de reconnaitre que les violences sexuelles dans les universités sont un enjeu transnational et de créer des solidarités au service de luttes communes. / Gender-based sexual violence is a major concern in higher education institutions and since #MeToo, several movements have emerged around the world to condemn this issue (Tadros & Edwards, 2020). The topic of sexual violence against international students has received little attention, despite decades of research on sexual violence and on the experiences of this population (Lee, 2018). These students are seen as a "particularly vulnerable population" due to personal characteristics (e.g. ethnic origin) (Bonistall Postel, 2020). However, this perspective can reinforce stereotypes towards this population and can lead to ineffective and harmful interventions (Hutcheson, 2020; Todorova et al., 2022). Additionally, it overlooks inequalities related to student status and across other social positions (e.g., gender, sexual identity). International student status involves a restricted access to rights, resources and privileges which has significant implications for their security (Marginson et al., 2010). While a common denominator of a very heterogeneous population, international student status can also amplify issues that domestic students also face (e.g., sexism, racism, homophobia) (Marginson et al., 2012). Using an intersectional framework is necessary to understand how these issues intersect and reinforce each other. How do international students’ experiences of sexual violence differ from those of other students? Are they particularly at risk? How could this risk be reduced ? The existing body of knowledge, both in Canada and globally, is insufficient to answer these questions or to guide prevention and intervention efforts. To address these gaps, three studies were conducted in this doctoral research. The first study compared the experiences of sexual violence among university students (domestic/international), examining the type of assaults (e.g., sexual harassment), their context, their consequences, and the disclosure of events. The second study investigated the risk associated with international student status over time and examined the intersections between student status and four risk factors (e.g., exposure to childhood maltreatment). The third study identified interventions that would reduce the incidence of sexual assault among undergraduate women. The results of these three studies reveal that the experiences of sexual violence for both populations are generally similar, however international students report a higher frequency of some forms of sexual violence. The risk associated with status is not entirely explained by individual characteristics (e.g., gender, sexual identity, visible minority) or psychological dispositions (e.g., beliefs and attitudes towards sexual assault, risk perception). Intersectional analyses suggest that international student status is associated with complex and heterogeneous effects. The theoretical, empirical, and practical contributions of this doctoral research emphasize the need for an intersectional and multidisciplinary approach. It is essential to recognize that sexual violence in higher education is a transnational issue and to create solidarities to work against common struggles.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.