Philosophiquement le XXème siècle est de bien des façons un siècle existentialiste où l’existence est pensée comme transcendance du monde dans l’attente. Selon l’existentialisme l’homme est à la fois dans le monde et outre le monde car si la situation nous transcende dans sa factualité nous la transcendons par notre volonté. Pourtant pour l’existentialisme de l’échec rien – si ce n’est la mort – ne peut vraiment libérer l’homme de la situation de fait du monde historique: sa seule transcendance peut alors être seulement dans le sentiment d’une impossibilité de la transcendance et donc dans conscience de l’échec. On retrouve poétiquement cette situation d’échec dans le mythe d’Orphée où elle interroge métalogiquement le pouvoir de l’acte poétique. Au-delà de l’orphisme religieux le mythe d’Orphée nous propose alors la vision d’un chant qui est à la fois désenchantement nostalgique et enchantement épistémique et donc respectivement lamentation pour ce qui n’est plus et admiration pour ce qui est. Orphique est donc la mélancolie nostalgique qui en vain veut transcender le présent dans le passé mais qui toutefois en tant que phonie magique transcende le présent dans le futur. On peut alors pour le XXème siècle poétique parler d’existentialisme orphique et recenser certaines de ses manifestations les plus éminentes. Dans la poésie italienne le poème L’ultimo viaggio (1904) de Pascoli présente un syntagme – non esser più – qui porte à lui seul une problématique existentialiste – aussi bien dans son mode nostalgique négatif que dans son mode épistémique affirmatif – que l’on retrouve de manière tout aussi forte chez Ungaretti et Montale et Pasolini où l’aspiration à l’être vit indiscutablement dans la désolation du ne plus être. Ces quatre poètes sont alors affrontés selon une même méthode herméneutique qui actualise la microcritique d’un syntagme fortement circonstanciel – non esser più pour Pascoli, equivoco della luna pour Ungaretti, eternità d’istante pour Montale et grin di cristàl pour Pasolini – par la macrocritique du corpus poétique de chaque poète afin d’interroger – tout au long du XXème siècle – diverses modalités d’un même existentialisme orphique. / Philosophically the 20th century is in many ways an existentialist century where the existence is thought of as transcendence of the world in the expectation. According to existentialism man is at the same time in the world and beyond the world because if the situation transcends us in its factuality we transcend it by our will. Yet for the existentialism of failure nothing – except death – can really free man from the factual situation of the historic world: his sole transcendence can only be in the feeling of the impossibility of transcendence and thus in the consciousness of failure. Poetically we find this situation of failure in the myth of Orpheus where the power of the poetic act is questioned metalogically. Beyond the religious orphism the myth of Orpheus offers us the vision of a chant which is at the same time nostalgic disenchantment and epistemic enchantment and therefore respectively a lamentation for what is no more and admiration for what is. Thus orphic is the nostalgic melancholy which in vain wants to transcend the present in the past but nontheless as a magic word transcends the present in the future. So for the 20th poetic century we can speak of orphic existentialism and list some of its most eminent manifestations. In the Italian poetry the poem L’ultimo viaggio (1904) by Pascoli presents a phrase – non esser più – which carries of its own an existentialist problematic – both in its negative nostalgic way as in its affirmative epistemic way – that we find with equal force in Ungaretti and Montale and Pasolini where, without any doubts, the aspiration to the being lives in the desolation of the no longer being. These four poets are thus faced with the same hermeneutic method which actualizes the microcriticism of a strongly circumstantial phrase – non esser più for Pascoli, equivoco della luna for Ungaretti, eternità d’istante for Montale and grin di cristàl for Pasolini – via the macrocriticism of the poetic corpus of each poet in order to question – all along the 20th century – different modalities of one and the same orphic existentialism.

Pretendo elaborar uma edição comentada dos Hinos órficos (HO), um compêndio de 88 hinos cléticos, compostos entre os sécs. 2-4 d.C., partindo do texto estabelecido por Quandt (1955) e confrontando-o com as propostas de Ricciardelli (2000), Morand (2001) e Fayant (2014). Este projeto é uma tentativa de instigar a formação de tradição filológica de estabelecimento de texto, aparato crítico e comentários pormenorizados nos estudos clássicos no Brasil. Planejo realizar críticas pontuais do texto grego e apresentar algumas soluções válidas, mas tendo sempre como apoio o texto já consolidado de Quandt. Proponho também um estudo aprofundado, no qual debato: i) a autoria e datação desses poemas; ii) a sua provável ocasião de performance, com base em uma abordagem empírica do texto e uma apreciação do status quaestionis sobre o tema; iii) os elementos órficos e sincréticos dos HO; iv) a estrutura e disposição dos hinos dentro da coletânea; v) tipologia hínica e eficácia epiclética; vi) a linguagem e estilo, assim como a prosódia e métrica dos HO (fraseologia, epítetos, figuras empregadas). Como de praxe nesse tipo de estudo, os comentários serão feitos após o texto original, verso a verso. / I intend to elaborate an annotated edition of the Orphic Hymns, a compendium of 88 cletic hymns composed between the second and fourth centuries AD, based on the text established by Quandt (1955) and comparing it with Ricciardelli\'s (2000), Morand\'s (2001) and Fayant\'s (2014) texts. This is an attempt to instigate a philological tradition of text establishment, critical apparatus and detailed comments in classical studies in Brazil. My intent is to present some valid solutions to a number of passages, but always based on Quandt\'s already consolidated text. I also propose an in-depth study, in which I debate: i) the authorship and dating of these poems; ii) the probable time of performance, based on an empirical approach of the text and an appreciation of its status quaestionis; iii) the Orphic and syncretic elements in these compositions; iv) the structure and arrangement of the hymns in the collection; v) hymnic tipology and epicletic effectiveness; vi) the language and style, as well as the prosody and metric of Hymns (phraseology, epithets, used figures). As usual in this type of study, comments will be made after the original text, verse by verse.

Submitted by Cleber Ederson Soares null (cleber.ar@gmail.com) on 2018-04-18T02:41:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Correção final da dissertação (2) A linha clássica na lírica neomodernista de Péricles Eugênio da Silva Ramos.pdf: 1378715 bytes, checksum: 1f2f202cac3d2c1891e1c841e507c1e8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elza Mitiko Sato null (elzasato@ibilce.unesp.br) on 2018-04-18T18:17:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 soares_ce_me_sjrp.pdf: 1407843 bytes, checksum: a48d7553f27ad6b9f43d7d845608b6aa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-18T18:17:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 soares_ce_me_sjrp.pdf: 1407843 bytes, checksum: a48d7553f27ad6b9f43d7d845608b6aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-19 / O objetivo de estudo deste projeto são os livros de poesia Lamentação Floral, de 1946, e Sol Sem Tempo, de 1953, ambos de autoria de Péricles Eugênio da Silva Ramos (1919-1992), um dos poetas mentores da “Geração de 45” em São Paulo. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a linha clássica que a crítica identifica como predominante nesses livros. A crítica o destaca como um poeta essencialmente órfico. Entretanto, além desse referencial clássico, percebemos que o poeta também resgata outros como o discurso oracular, a tragédia grega, o erotismo e o sublime gregos. Tais referenciais aparecem dissolvidos em sua poesia e com eles, o poeta nos coloca em contato com amplas questões estéticas e ontológicas do universo grego, como a concepção do cosmos como a luta e combinação de contrários. A linha clássica sinalizou um conjunto de questões em comum com os pressupostos estéticos do surrealismo, principalmente em relação à necessidade do retorno ao mundo primitivo, para que o homem reaprendesse a superar a barreira entre sonho e realidade, resgatando seu espírito criativo. Para atingir tal objetivo, Péricles recria o mundo órfico grego e situa o leitor na condição de Orfeu, que enfrenta o caos original e o organiza mediante a criação de unidades cósmicas, cuja essência é a construção da suprarealidade almejada pelos surrealistas. Na perspectiva da exploração de questões ontológicas, detectamos que o poeta resgata do mesmo referencial grego uma concepção de futuro disfórico, que se concretiza na conciliação dos contrários, tendo como meta a configuração do tempo presente, como uma unidade transitória. Essas concepções auxiliam-no a repensar seu tempo, marcado pelo período entre as duas Grandes Guerras Mundiais e pelo pós-guerra. / The objective of this project is the poetry books Lamentação Floral (1946) and Sol Sem Tempo (1953), both by Pericles Eugênio da Silva Ramos (1919-1992), one of the mentor poets of the "Generation of 45" in Sao Paulo. This study aims to analyze the classic line that critics identify as predominant in these books. Criticism highlights him as an essentially Orphic poet. However, in addition to this classical reference, we can see that the poet also rescues others such as the oracular discourse, the Greek tragedy, the eroticism and the sublime Greeks. Such references appear dissolved in their poetry and with them the poet puts us in touch with broad aesthetic and ontological questions of the Greek universe as the conception of the cosmos as the struggle and combination of opposites. The classic line signaled a set of issues in common with the aesthetic assumptions of Surrealism, especially in relation to the need to return to the primitive world, so that man could learn to overcome the barrier between dream and reality, rescuing his creative spirit. In order to achieve this goal, Pericles recreates the Greek Orphic world and situates the reader in the condition of Orpheus, who confronts the original chaos and organizes it by creating cosmic units, whose essence is the construction of the surreal reality aimed at by the surrealists. From the perspective of the exploration of ontological questions, we detect that the poet rescues from the same Greek reference a conception of the dysphoric future, which is concretized in the conciliation of opposites, having as a goal the configuration of the present time, as a transitory unit. These conceptions help him to rethink his time, marked by the period between the two Great World Wars and the postwar period.

Pretendo elaborar uma edição comentada dos Hinos órficos (HO), um compêndio de 88 hinos cléticos, compostos entre os sécs. 2-4 d.C., partindo do texto estabelecido por Quandt (1955) e confrontando-o com as propostas de Ricciardelli (2000), Morand (2001) e Fayant (2014). Este projeto é uma tentativa de instigar a formação de tradição filológica de estabelecimento de texto, aparato crítico e comentários pormenorizados nos estudos clássicos no Brasil. Planejo realizar críticas pontuais do texto grego e apresentar algumas soluções válidas, mas tendo sempre como apoio o texto já consolidado de Quandt. Proponho também um estudo aprofundado, no qual debato: i) a autoria e datação desses poemas; ii) a sua provável ocasião de performance, com base em uma abordagem empírica do texto e uma apreciação do status quaestionis sobre o tema; iii) os elementos órficos e sincréticos dos HO; iv) a estrutura e disposição dos hinos dentro da coletânea; v) tipologia hínica e eficácia epiclética; vi) a linguagem e estilo, assim como a prosódia e métrica dos HO (fraseologia, epítetos, figuras empregadas). Como de praxe nesse tipo de estudo, os comentários serão feitos após o texto original, verso a verso. / I intend to elaborate an annotated edition of the Orphic Hymns, a compendium of 88 cletic hymns composed between the second and fourth centuries AD, based on the text established by Quandt (1955) and comparing it with Ricciardelli\'s (2000), Morand\'s (2001) and Fayant\'s (2014) texts. This is an attempt to instigate a philological tradition of text establishment, critical apparatus and detailed comments in classical studies in Brazil. My intent is to present some valid solutions to a number of passages, but always based on Quandt\'s already consolidated text. I also propose an in-depth study, in which I debate: i) the authorship and dating of these poems; ii) the probable time of performance, based on an empirical approach of the text and an appreciation of its status quaestionis; iii) the Orphic and syncretic elements in these compositions; iv) the structure and arrangement of the hymns in the collection; v) hymnic tipology and epicletic effectiveness; vi) the language and style, as well as the prosody and metric of Hymns (phraseology, epithets, used figures). As usual in this type of study, comments will be made after the original text, verse by verse.

La notion d’orphisme est née à la veille de la Première Guerre mondiale. Forgée par Guillaume Apollinaire, elle lui sert à désigner l’art nouveau et audacieux de ses amis-peintres, notamment ceux réunis autour de Robert Delaunay. Cependant, dès cette époque, le terme, utilisé de manière imprécise par le poète, pose problème. Depuis, les controverses se multiplient et durant le siècle qui nous sépare de l’invention de ce nom tout ce qui touche à l’orphisme a été remis en cause, jusqu’à son existence même. Prenant position contre cette attitude, nous proposons dans cette thèse d’envisager la production et les conceptions artistiques de l’époque sous un angle nouveau. En nous défaisant des étiquettes traditionnelles de nombreux « -ismes », nous prenons – selon la suggestion d’Apollinaire – le mythe d’Orphée comme un outil permettant de réanalyser l’art du début du XXème siècle. Cette relecture (des parcours des artistes, de leurs sources d’inspiration, des rapports entre différents centres artistiques et acteurs de la scène artistique), ainsi qu’une analyse comparative des œuvres ont pour but de démontrer que ce que nous appelons l’« orphisme » ne fut pas un concept artificiel, appliqué de manière parfaitement arbitraire à la somme des trajectoires – quelques peu accidentelles et indépendantes les unes des autres – de différents artistes, mais plutôt une évolution logique et cohérente, dont l’ampleur et l’impact sur la postérité ne furent jamais appréciés à leur juste valeur. En utilisant le mythe d’Orphée comme fil conducteur structurant notre analyse, nous mettons donc en évidence les grandes lignes de l’évolution du phénomène auquel Apollinaire a donné le nom d’orphisme : les origines et l’interprétation du terme et de la conception mêmes, le contexte historique et artistique de l’apparition et de l’évolution du mouvement, les rapports entre ses différents acteurs, les sources d’inspiration des artistes et enfin une évolution stylistico-chronologique de cette tendance. / The notion of Orphism was born on the eve of the World War II. Forged by Guillaume Apollinaire, it served him to describe a new and bold art of his friends, especially those concentrated around Robert Delaunay. However, the notion was already troublesome back then: ill-defined and unclear, it was used by the poet in a vague way. Since then, the controversies continue to mount and in a century that elapsed since the invention of the notion, everything concerning Orphism is questioned, even its very existence. Contesting this negationist approach, we propose in this thesis to analyze the artistic production and conceptions of this period under a new light. We are distancing ourselves from the traditional labels of “-isms” and we are using the Orpheus myth – as suggested by Apollinaire – as a tool which allows us to reanalyze the art from the beginning of the 20th century. This new analysis – of artists’ career paths, their fascinations, relationships between different artistic centers and between people involved in this avant-garde – and the comparative analysis of artworks serves to prove that what we call Orphism is not an artificial concept, applied in an arbitrary manner to the somewhat accidental and independent career paths of different artists. On the contrary, Orphism is a logical and consistent evolution, whose true importance and impact was never fully appreciated. By using the Orpheus myth as a guiding thread, we are bringing to light the main lines of the evolution of Orphism: the origins and interpretation of the notion and the conception, the historical and artistic context in which the movement was born and was evolving, the relationships between its actors, artists’ inspirations and, last but not least, the stylistic evolution of Orphism over the time.

Robert Delaunay (1885-1941) est l’un des artistes français les plus présents à Berlin à l’aube de la Première guerre mondiale. Avec l’aide de Herwarth Walden (1878-1941), directeur de la revue et galerie Der Sturm, l’artiste acquiert rapidement une solide réputation dans la capitale allemande, où il expose une quarantaine de toiles au cours de la seule année 1913, tandis qu’il diffuse abondamment ses propres textes théoriques et ceux de ses amis Guillaume Apollinaire (1880-1918) et Blaise Cendrars (1887-1961). Le peintre français suscite bientôt l’engouement de certains artistes berlinois, nombreux à l’avoir rencontré lors de ses deux voyages en Allemagne avant la guerre. Pour une large partie de la recherche, ce succès s’expliquerait par un « malentendu productif » : les artistes de la capitale allemande auraient détourné l’œuvre de Delaunay dans un sens germanique, appréciant sa peinture pour des raisons étrangères à ses intentions initiales. Contestant cette hypothèse – variante de celle, pluriséculaire, de l’incompatibilité par nature des goûts allemands et français – nous proposons d’envisager la réception berlinoise de Delaunay dans une perspective micro-historique, en nous intéressant au regard porté sur lui par trois artistes : Ludwig Meidner (1884-1966), Lyonel Feininger (1871-1956) et Bruno Taut (1880-1936). Après avoir mis en exergue les discours possiblement « entendus » par ceux-ci autour de l’œuvre du peintre français en Allemagne, nous nous intéressons à la trajectoire individuelle de chacun d’entre eux, mettant en évidence la profondeur des liens qui unissent finalement les avant-gardes désignées sous les termes d’orphisme et d’expressionnisme. / Robert Delaunay (1885-1941) is among the French artists that are the most involved in Berlin at the dawn of the World War I. Thanks to Herwarth Walden (1878-1941), who is the director of the magazine and the gallery Der Sturm, the artist quickly earns a solid reputation in the German capital city where he exhibits around forty paintings in 1913 alone, while widely circulating his own theoretical texts as well as those of his friends Guillaume Apollinaire (1880-1918) and Blaise Cendrars (1887-1961). The French painter soon spurs the interest of some Berlin artists, many of whom have met him during his two trips to Germany before the war. For an extensive part of the research, this success could be explained by a “working misunderstanding”: the artists of the German capital city supposedly twisted Delaunay’s work in a Germanic sense, appreciating his painting for reasons that were not related to his initial intents. We contest this hypothesis – which is a variant of the centuries-old hypothesis that states a natural incompatibility between German and French tastes – we suggest to consider the Berlin welcome of Delaunay in a micro-historical perspective by focusing on three artist’s point of view about him: Ludwig Meidner (1884-1966), Lyonel Feininger (1871-1956) and Bruno Taut (1880-1936). After underlining the speeches they possibly “heard” surrounding the French painter’s work in Germany, we focus on each artist’s individual path, showcasing the depths of the links that join actually the avant-gardes that are coined under the terms of orphism and expressionism.

Pour les Grecs de l’antiquité, la religion était indiscernable du reste de la vie quotidienne – au point que dans la polis, le concept d’une « division de la religion et de l’État », comme il est connu aujourd’hui, n’existe pas. La musique, ou l’idée grecque de μουσική, fonctionne de même, comme faisant partie intégrale de leurs rites et, par extension, de leur façon de vie; c’est-à-dire la musique et la religion deviennent une idée centrale à leur identité culturelle. Plusieurs de cultes civiques, comme par exemple le culte dionysiaque, utilisaient toujours la musique dans leurs rites – beaucoup d’exemples existent en antiquité qui montrent le rôle de la musique dans la pratique du culte, comme les images sur les vases et les murales, les hymnes, etc. L’orphisme, ou le culte qui utilisaient les écritures qui venaient prétendument du musicien légendaire Orphée, diffèrent des autres rites civiques dans la façon qu’il y en a des aspects plus ou moins obscurés. Il n’y a pas beaucoup d’information sur leurs rites hormis des écritures comme le papyrus de Derveni, un poème orphique qui détaille une théogonie pareille à celui d’Hésiode et les hymnes orphiques, qui changent la façon qui l’orphisme était vu dans le deuxième moitié du 20ème siècle. Ce mémoire va donc utiliser ces sources pour découvrir le rôle de la musique dans les rites orphiques en antiquité tout en faisant des comparaisons entre l’orphisme et les traditions établies des autres cultes civiques. En regardant aussi l’utilisation des instruments et les autres conventions ritualistes, ce mémoire va découvrir le rôle d’orphisme dans la polis grecque. / For the Greeks in Antiquity, religion was indiscernible from the rest of their daily lives – so much so that within the polis, the concept of a “separation between church and state”, in the way it is known today, did not exist. In this same realm of thought, music also functioned in a much similar way, an integral part of their religious ceremonies and, by extension, their way of life; through this, their music and religion became central to their idea of cultural identity. Many civic cults, such as the cult to Dionysus, utilized music to its fullest effect – many examples that detail the role that music played in their cult worship survive from antiquity, which vary from images found on vases and murals to hymns and other ritual texts. Orphism, or the cult which utilized writings said to have been passed down by the legendary musician Orpheus, differs from many other religious groups around Greece in that many aspects of it remain wrapped in an enigma. Not much is known about the specific cult practices outside of a few writings and inscriptions, including the Derveni papyrus, an analysis of an Orphic poem outlining a theogony similar to that of Hesiod, and the Orphic Hymns, both of which which are changing the way scholarship on these practices has been viewed through the years. This thesis will, therefore, use these sources in order to discover the role that music played in the cult rituals of Orphism during this period while also making comparisons between Orphism and the established traditions of other civic cults. Taking into account the utilization of instruments and other ritualistic conventions, this thesis hopes then to uncover Orphism’s overall role in the Greek polis.

Dès sa découverte en 1962, le Papyrus de Derveni, le plus ancien manuscrit d'Europe, n'a pas cessé de soulever des interrogations majeures relatives à la transmission, à l'interprétation et à la fonction des textes orphiques. Le Papyrus de Derveni nous fournit aussi un témoignage de premier ordre quant à l'influence de la philosophie présocratique sur les doctrines orphiques. Cette thèse est la première édition critique française du Papyrus de Derveni. Celle-ci comprend un apparat critique complet ainsi que des notes au texte. Ce travail de recherche propose aussi une étude monographique du Papyrus de Derveni. Nous avons porté une attention toute particulière à l'analyse du poème orphique, aux techniques exégétiques employées et aux thématiques philosophiques de l'écrit contenu dans le Papyrus de Derveni. Nous avons, en outre, comparé les doctrines cosmologiques et philosophiques proposées par son auteur avec les théories d'Héraclite d’Éphèse, d'Anaxagore de Clazomènes, de Diogène d'Apollonie et Archélaos d’Athènes. / Since his discovery in 1962, the Derveni Papyrus, the most ancient manuscript of Europe, has rase full of major questions about the transmission, the interpretation and the function of the orphic texts. The Derveni Papyrus offers us an emblematic testimony about the influence of Presocratic Philosophy on the orphic doctrines. This thesis is the first french critical edition of the Derveni Papyrus with a critical apparatus and notes on the text. This research paper also provides a monographic study of this document. We especially focused our attention on the orphic poem quoted by the author of the Derveni Papyrus, on the exegetical technics he employed and on the philosophical doctrines he proposed. We particularly compared the cosmological and philosophical theories of the Derveni Papyrus author with that of Heraclitus of Ephesus, Anaxagoras of Clazomenae, Diogenes of Apollonia and Archelaus of Athens.

No description available.

Cette thèse a pour but de présenter en détails l’importance de la théurgie dans la philosophie de Proclus, ainsi que sa relation avec la mystagogie. Un des premiers objectifs de la recherche est d’expliciter les raisons du jaillissement de la théurgie au cours de l’Antiquité tardive. Nous présentons ainsi le cadre historique d’où émerge la notion de théurgie dans un contexte de christianisation de l’Empire à partir du IVe siècle. Il est ensuite primordial de définir clairement la théurgie, ce que les chercheurs n’ont pas fait jusqu’à maintenant, en tant qu’opération rituelle par laquelle un réceptacle matériel est animé par le divin. Puis, nous démontrons que, bien que le terme « théurgie » soit tardif, celui-ci trouve néanmoins ses racines dans la longue tradition platonicienne, de Platon lui-même jusqu’à Proclus, en passant notamment par Plotin, Porphyre et Jamblique. À la suite du volet historique et après avoir présenté une définition claire de la notion de théurgie, il est important de préciser son statut au sein de la philosophie de Proclus, notamment en nous intéressant au passage-clef TP, I, 25 dans lequel le néoplatonicien présente la théurgie comme étant supérieure (κρείττων) à la philosophie. Nous nous intéressons ensuite à deux rites théurgiques concrets présentés dans l’œuvre proclienne en les analysant en profondeur : le rite de l’ensevelissement du corps (TP, IV, 9) et le rite de l’immortalisation d’Achille (In Remp., I, 152-152). Après avoir exposé le lien intrinsèque de la théurgie avec la mystagogie, notamment autour de l’importance du silence (σιγή) mystique, nous développons sur les implications de la théurgie pour le système philosophique de Proclus. Nous constatons que ces implications sont monumentales et touchent une multitude d’aspects de sa pensée : le statut de l’âme, celui de la matière, l’ontologie, la primauté du véhicule (ὄχημα) de l’âme, la notion d’imagination (φαντασία), l’importance des symboles (σύμβολα et συνθήματα) et le rôle de l’amour (ἔρως). Nous terminons finalement la recherche en présentant l’héritage de Proclus, principalement à travers l’œuvre du néoplatonicien chrétien Pseudo-Denys. / This thesis has for goal to present in detail the importance of theurgy in the philosophy of Proclus, as well as his link with mystagogy. One of the first objectives is to describe the causes of the emergence of theurgy during the late Antiquity. So, we present the historical setting from where emerges the notion of theurgy in the context of the process of Christianisation of the Empire starting during the 4th century. It is after that primordial to propose a clear definition of theurgy, something that the researchers haven’t done yet, as the ritual operation by which a material receptacle is animated by the divine. Then, we demonstrate that, even if the term “theurgy” is late, it finds however his roots in the long platonic tradition, from Plato to Proclus, passing by Plotinus, Porphyry, and Iamblichus. Following the historical aspect and after having clearly define the notion of theurgy, it is important to explain the status of theurgy in the philosophy of Proclus, especially by analyzing the crucial passage in TP, I, 25, where the Neoplatonist declares that theurgy is superior (κρείττων) to philosophy. Moreover, we examine two concrete theurgical rites presented in the Proclus’ works: the burial of the body (TP, IV, 9) and the immortalisation of Achille (In Remp., I, 152-152). After having exposed the intrinsically relation between theurgy and mystagogy, notably with the mystical silence (σιγή), we develop the implications of theurgy in the vast philosophical system of Proclus. These implications are monumental and touch many aspects: the status of the soul, the one of the matter, the ontology, the primacy of the soul’s vehicle (ὄχημα), the notion of imagination (φαντασία), the importance of symbols (σύμβολα et συνθήματα) and the role of love (ἔρως). We finally end this research by presenting the legacy of Proclus, especially through the work of the Christian Neoplatonist Pseudo-Dionysius.