<p>Syftet med studien var att genomföra en deskriptiv undersökning för att få kunskap om i vilken omfattning föräldrar med missbruksproblematik har deltagit i generella föräldrastödjande insatser och hur de uppfattat detta stöd. Ett delsyfte var att söka kunskap om huruvida dessa föräldrar har fått s.k. riktade föräldrastödjande insatser. Studien har genomförts med kvalitativa intervjuer, sju respondentintervjuer och åtta informantintervjuer. Studiens resultat påvisar att föräldrar med missbruksproblematik i mycket liten utsträckning utnyttjat de generella former av föräldrastöd som kommuner och landsting erbjuder. Enligt studiens resultat beror detta till stor del dels på att föräldrarna inte upplever att barnmorskorna och sköterskorna tagit deras situation på allvar och intresserat sig för den, dels att föräldrarna känt ett utanförskap i förhållande till andra föräldrar. När det gäller riktade stödinsatser, visar resultatet att föräldrarna inte erbjudits stöd i föräldrarollen riktat till dem som personer. Dessutom kan utrönas genom informantintervjuerna att det inte förekommer riktade stödinsatser till denna grupp av föräldrar.</p> / <p>The aim of this study was to do a descriptive study in order to receive knowledge about to what extent parents with a drug addiction have participated in general parental support programs and how they have experienced the support. A part of the purpose of the study was to seek knowledge about whether these parents have been offered special support. The study has been done with qualitative interviews, seven respondent interviews and eight informant interviews. The result of the study shows that parents with a drug addiction in a very low extent have participated in the general parental support programs offered by the local authorities and the county council. According to the results of this study, this is due partly to the fact that the parents feel that the midwives and nurses have not been interested in their situation or taken it seriously, partly also because they feel outside in relation to other parents. When it comes to special support, the result shows that the parents have not been offered parental support directed to them as persons. The informant interviews also show that there is no special support directed to this group of parents.</p>

<p>Detta är en studie med en kvalitativ ansats som syftar till att undersöka bonusföräldrars behov av riktat stöd i föräldraskapet. Den ombildade familjen består av vuxna som har barn sedan tidigare och denna studie behandlar ombildade familjer där enbart en av de vuxna har barn sedan tidigare. Vidare läggs fokus på bonusförälderns upplevelse av att bli en del i en sådan familj. Studien har genomförts med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer med sju bonusföräldrar. De intervjuade bonusföräldrarnas familjesituationer skilde sig åt på många sätt vilket ger en nyanserad bild av hur en bonusförälder kan uppleva sin situation. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt utgörs av rollteori och generell systemteori. I resultatet framkommer att bonusföräldrarna upplever en övergripande tillfredställelse med sin roll inom familjen och även utåt mot skola, myndigheter m.m. De har givits utrymme att själva utveckla sin roll även om de inte reflekterat över det. De har haft möjlighet att söka stöd hos sin partner, sin familj och sina vänner. De flesta problem som bonusföräldrarna upplever är förknippade med den externa föräldern och rör sällan bonusföräldern personligen även om denne påverkas.</p> / <p>This is a study with a qualitative approach, with the purpose of examining bonus parents need of certain support in the parenthood. The reconstructed family consists of adults who have children from before and this research concerns reconstructed families where only one of the adults have children from before. Focus is placed on the bonus parents experiences of becoming a part of that type of family. The research has been conducted through semi structured interviews with seven bonus parents who where recruited through criterion sampling. The family situations of the interviewed bonus parents differed in many ways which offers a diverse picture of how a bonus parent can experience his or her situation. The theoretical basis used in the research is role theory and general system theory. The result shows that the bonus parents experience a general satisfaction with his or her role in the family and also outwards towards school, authorities etc. They have been given the space to develop their role even though they haven’t thought so much about it. They have had the opportunity to seek support through their partner, and among their family and friends. Most of the problems experienced by the bonus parents are associated with the external parent and do seldom concerns the bonus parent in person even if he or she is affected by it.</p>

<p>The social policy defines what is social problems. There is no clear scientific explanation to why children fare badly and unity in what constitutes a bad parenthood that leads to deficiency of care (Sundell&Egelund 2000). The society's values are fickle and influences what to be defined as social problems. In the prevailing period, the discourse produces the social norm (Claezon 2004).</p><p>The aim with this study was to examine which children that fare badly and attitudes about it the good and the insufficient parenthood between 1921-1923 and 1997-2007. The survey was a qualitative file study in witch we studied child welfare. Resemblances and differences have also been studied between these two periods.  This in order to get a grasp on what has been changed and what is left of the old times and still influence the modern society in child welfare.</p><p>Our theoretical starting point is the power of the discourse.Children that are considered fare badly and the attitude of what defines good parenthood is shaped by the cultural values of society that is made visible in child welfare. Through this theoretical perspectives, children, young people and parents that are defined as deviant with shortcomings and imperfection that is to be corrected by the society’s measures. Fahlgren (1999) claims that discourse vary both historically and cultural in the society and its aim is to create order and truth within different areas and is also based on views about interpretation in the society. This is how norms are created of what is considered to be normal.</p><p>The result of our study shows that the social welfare of children is influenced by attitudes within society. The prevailing discourse influence how society defines which children fare badly and that the conception is about good respective insufficient parenthood. This is changed over time and characterized of the society's cultural and historical contexts.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: child welfare, children fare badly, parenthood</p>

The social policy defines what is social problems. There is no clear scientific explanation to why children fare badly and unity in what constitutes a bad parenthood that leads to deficiency of care (Sundell&amp;Egelund 2000). The society's values are fickle and influences what to be defined as social problems. In the prevailing period, the discourse produces the social norm (Claezon 2004). The aim with this study was to examine which children that fare badly and attitudes about it the good and the insufficient parenthood between 1921-1923 and 1997-2007. The survey was a qualitative file study in witch we studied child welfare. Resemblances and differences have also been studied between these two periods.  This in order to get a grasp on what has been changed and what is left of the old times and still influence the modern society in child welfare. Our theoretical starting point is the power of the discourse.Children that are considered fare badly and the attitude of what defines good parenthood is shaped by the cultural values of society that is made visible in child welfare. Through this theoretical perspectives, children, young people and parents that are defined as deviant with shortcomings and imperfection that is to be corrected by the society’s measures. Fahlgren (1999) claims that discourse vary both historically and cultural in the society and its aim is to create order and truth within different areas and is also based on views about interpretation in the society. This is how norms are created of what is considered to be normal. The result of our study shows that the social welfare of children is influenced by attitudes within society. The prevailing discourse influence how society defines which children fare badly and that the conception is about good respective insufficient parenthood. This is changed over time and characterized of the society's cultural and historical contexts.   Keywords: child welfare, children fare badly, parenthood

The purpose of this paper was to examine how young parenthood is represented by the professionals and their thoughts and experiences from meetings with the young parents, and how the professionals work with this group of parents. As professionals we refer to those who work with young parents, and the definition of young parents are parents in the ages 15-24. The paper also discusses what needs these parents have, and what kind of support the society offers, according to the professionals. The method we worked with was interviews and we interviewed six professionals to find out how the professionals looked upon the young parents and their situation. Earlier research has stated that young parenthood is associated with many risks and disadvantages for both the parents and their children. What we discovered was that young parenthood not necessarily has to be only about disadvantages. Many benefits were brought up during our interviews. Among others the professionals saw the young parents as more spontaneous and more to easy with their children, compared to older parents. The young parents also seemed less concerned than the older parents and their young age made them more biologically suited to have children. Some of the disadvantages we found were that many lacked higher education and trouble finding suitable accommodation because of lack of income. As a conclusion the professionals stated that a social network was of most importance for the young parents.

Syftet med studien var att genomföra en deskriptiv undersökning för att få kunskap om i vilken omfattning föräldrar med missbruksproblematik har deltagit i generella föräldrastödjande insatser och hur de uppfattat detta stöd. Ett delsyfte var att söka kunskap om huruvida dessa föräldrar har fått s.k. riktade föräldrastödjande insatser. Studien har genomförts med kvalitativa intervjuer, sju respondentintervjuer och åtta informantintervjuer. Studiens resultat påvisar att föräldrar med missbruksproblematik i mycket liten utsträckning utnyttjat de generella former av föräldrastöd som kommuner och landsting erbjuder. Enligt studiens resultat beror detta till stor del dels på att föräldrarna inte upplever att barnmorskorna och sköterskorna tagit deras situation på allvar och intresserat sig för den, dels att föräldrarna känt ett utanförskap i förhållande till andra föräldrar. När det gäller riktade stödinsatser, visar resultatet att föräldrarna inte erbjudits stöd i föräldrarollen riktat till dem som personer. Dessutom kan utrönas genom informantintervjuerna att det inte förekommer riktade stödinsatser till denna grupp av föräldrar. / The aim of this study was to do a descriptive study in order to receive knowledge about to what extent parents with a drug addiction have participated in general parental support programs and how they have experienced the support. A part of the purpose of the study was to seek knowledge about whether these parents have been offered special support. The study has been done with qualitative interviews, seven respondent interviews and eight informant interviews. The result of the study shows that parents with a drug addiction in a very low extent have participated in the general parental support programs offered by the local authorities and the county council. According to the results of this study, this is due partly to the fact that the parents feel that the midwives and nurses have not been interested in their situation or taken it seriously, partly also because they feel outside in relation to other parents. When it comes to special support, the result shows that the parents have not been offered parental support directed to them as persons. The informant interviews also show that there is no special support directed to this group of parents.

Detta är en studie med en kvalitativ ansats som syftar till att undersöka bonusföräldrars behov av riktat stöd i föräldraskapet. Den ombildade familjen består av vuxna som har barn sedan tidigare och denna studie behandlar ombildade familjer där enbart en av de vuxna har barn sedan tidigare. Vidare läggs fokus på bonusförälderns upplevelse av att bli en del i en sådan familj. Studien har genomförts med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer med sju bonusföräldrar. De intervjuade bonusföräldrarnas familjesituationer skilde sig åt på många sätt vilket ger en nyanserad bild av hur en bonusförälder kan uppleva sin situation. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt utgörs av rollteori och generell systemteori. I resultatet framkommer att bonusföräldrarna upplever en övergripande tillfredställelse med sin roll inom familjen och även utåt mot skola, myndigheter m.m. De har givits utrymme att själva utveckla sin roll även om de inte reflekterat över det. De har haft möjlighet att söka stöd hos sin partner, sin familj och sina vänner. De flesta problem som bonusföräldrarna upplever är förknippade med den externa föräldern och rör sällan bonusföräldern personligen även om denne påverkas. / This is a study with a qualitative approach, with the purpose of examining bonus parents need of certain support in the parenthood. The reconstructed family consists of adults who have children from before and this research concerns reconstructed families where only one of the adults have children from before. Focus is placed on the bonus parents experiences of becoming a part of that type of family. The research has been conducted through semi structured interviews with seven bonus parents who where recruited through criterion sampling. The family situations of the interviewed bonus parents differed in many ways which offers a diverse picture of how a bonus parent can experience his or her situation. The theoretical basis used in the research is role theory and general system theory. The result shows that the bonus parents experience a general satisfaction with his or her role in the family and also outwards towards school, authorities etc. They have been given the space to develop their role even though they haven’t thought so much about it. They have had the opportunity to seek support through their partner, and among their family and friends. Most of the problems experienced by the bonus parents are associated with the external parent and do seldom concerns the bonus parent in person even if he or she is affected by it.

Recent studies show that actively involved fathers have positive effects on the development of children. If we consider the family as a whole unit which consists of mother, father and children, we should support the fathers to make them actively involved in their children&amp / #8217 / s life. Unfortunately, both in the world and in our country there is lack of programs which are designed specifically for fathers. The aim of this study is twofold, first is to create an example of father involvement training for fathers of preschool children and second is to investigate the effects of father involvement training on the involvement level and perceptions of fathering role. The subjects of this study were from O.D.T.&Uuml / preschool and kindergarten, which is located in the university campus. Twenty fathers, ten for experimental, ten for control group participated in the study. The experimental design was used, in which 2 groups were compared on pretest and posttest measures by using the Father Involvement Test and the Role of The Father Questionnaire. The experimental group was given a 6 week involvement training. In order to explore who do the activities about childrearing, descriptive statistics were used. In order to explore the differences between two groups, nonparametric statistics, Mann Whitney U test and Wilcoxon tests were used. The results revealed that there was significant differences between posttest Role of The Father Questionnaire scores of subjects in experimental and control group conditions. Moreover, according to evaluations that were done at the end of the training, it could be stated that the program contribted positively to the communication between fathers and children.

Syftet med denna studie är att utifrån ett föräldraperspektiv undersöka behov av och önskemål om stödsom föräldrar med diagnos inom autismspektrum beskriver i sin föräldraroll. Ett annat syfte är att bidra med ökad kunskaptill en diskussion kring utformandet av stödinsatser för dessa familjer. Studien är kvalitativ med intervjuer som gjorts ihalvstrukturerad form. Åtta föräldrar har intervjuats. Föräldrarna beskriver att deras svårigheter gör det svårt för dem isamspelet med barn och partner. De försöker själva och tillsammans med partnern finna lösningar i samspelet. Till hjälp attfinna lösningar har varit insikt om de egna svårigheterna, stöd riktat till AST-problematiken och att få hjälp i parrelationen.Avlastning framför allt genom utökad tid i förskola beskrivs som väsentlig. Önskemål framförs om att stödet ges med enhelhetssyn på familjen, att stödet anpassas och möjlighet att få samtala med föräldrar med liknande problematik. Studienvisar att föräldrarna efterfrågar stöd i sitt föräldraskap och att ytterligare studier behövs för att kunna möta dessa föräldrarsoch deras barns och partners behov. / The purpose of this study is to examine the needs and wishes of support in the parental role described by parents with diagnosis within the autism spectrum from a parental perspective. Another purpose is to contribute to increased knowledge to a discussion of the design of support for these families. The study is qualitative with interviews carried out in a semistructured format. Eight parents were interviewed. The parents describe their own difficulties, the difficulties in the interaction with the children and with their partner. They try to find solutions in the interaction both by themselves and with their partner. Helpful for finding solutions has been insight into their own difficulties, aid directed at problems related to their diagnosis and to get help in relationship. Relief, particularly through extended time in preschool described as essential. Wishes were expressed that the support is given with a holistic view of the family, that the support is adapted to the parental diagnosis and that opportunity to talk with parents with similar problems is provided. The study shows that the parents desire support in their parenting, and that further studies are needed to meet these needs of these parents, their children andtheir partner.

I denna uppsats gör jag en textanalys av tre årgångar av tidskriften Vi föräldrar: 1968, 1983 och 1994. Jag ställer frågan vilka bilder av föräldraskap, framförallt faderskap, som framkommer i tidskriften och hur jämställd relationen mellan pappa och mamma är. Avspeglar sig tankar om ”den dubbla emancipationen” – det vill säga att både kvinnor och män ska delta i såväl yrkesarbete som i arbetet med hem och barn – i tidskriften och sker det några förändringar över tid? Som inramning till min analys beskriver jag det samhälleliga och politiska sammanhanget när det gäller föräldraskap och jämställdhet under den tid då respektive årgång gavs ut. Jag använder mig av teoretiska resonemang om bland annat barnorienterad maskulinitet och diskursen om det olika föräldraskapet i min analys. Min beskrivning och analys av de tre årgångarna visar att tidskriften genomgår stora förändringar över tid. Bilden av föräldraskapet och jämställdheten i tidskriften motsvarar väl det sammanhang i vilket den ges ut. Pappa är 1968 en relativt frånvarande familjeförsörjare men har 1994 blivit en delaktig familjefar. Samtidigt har han, fortfarande 1994, långt större möjlighet än mamma att välja nivå på sitt engagemang i barnen och hemmet. Att pappa spenderar tid med barnen och tar ut en större del av föräldraledigheten är något som i alla fall i de två senare årgångarna ses som positivt, även om det i årgång 1983 ofta betonas att papparollen inte får bli för lik mammarollen. Mamma har dock alltid huvudansvaret för barnen och hemmet och pappas delaktighet lyfts inte fram som viktig för hennes skull utan som något som i första hand är bra för barnen och för hans egen personliga utveckling. Min slutsats är att tidskriften Vi föräldrar under denna period inte kan sägas ha varit en tydlig förespråkare för den dubbla emancipationen. / In this essay, I carry out a text analysis of three volumes of the Swedish monthly magazine Vi föräldrar: 1968, 1983 and 1994. I examine what kind of images of parenthood, particularly fatherhood, the magazine reflects, and the relationship between mum and dad in terms of gender equality. Does the idea of so-called double emancipation – that both men and women are to participate in working life as well as in childcare and housework – manifest itself in the magazine and are there changes over time? As a contextual framework for my analysis, I use a separate section of the essay to describe the societal and political context as regards family and equal opportunities policy in the periods during which each of the three analysed volumes were originally published. Theoretically, the analysis utilises discussions and research on child-oriented masculinity, and the gender differentiated parenthood discourse. My description and analysis of the three volumes makes apparent that the magazine undergoes major changes over time. The images of parenthood and gender equality in each volume correspond to the social and political context in which it was published. In 1968, dad is a relatively absent breadwinner, whereas in 1994 he has become more of a family man. However, even in the 1994 volume, he retains the privilege of being able to choose the level of his commitment to the family in a way that mum never can. The fact that dad spends more time with the children and takes a greater share of parental leave is something that, at least in the two later volumes, is seen as something positive , even though the importance of differentiating fatherhood from motherhood is frequently stressed in the 1983 volume. Still, throughout the period mom is the primary carer as well as the one responsible for the housework, and dad’s involvement is not primarily seen as beneficial for her, but rather as something that is good for the children and for his personal growth. My conclusion is that the magazine Vi föräldrar cannot be said to be a strong advocate for double emancipation.Key