Cervical cancer is preceded by a spectrum of abnormalities in the cervical epithelium. Research supports an etiological role for certain types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in cervical pathology. More than 70 HPV genotypes have been characterized based on complete genome sequences and of these, about half infect the genital tract. Genital HPVs are further classified as either "high risk" or "low risk" types based on their association with cervical cancer. The demonstration that there is a relationship between HPV infection and cervical cancer has been dependent on a number of viral nucleic acid-based detection systems such as Southern blot and polymerase chain reaction. However, the lack of methods which discriminate between a specific HPV type and a large number of related HPV genotypes has made studies of disease association difficult. In the first part of this study, a recently developed Amplicor HPV Genotyping Kit was evaluated with respect to its ability to define HPV infection status. The L1 region was directly sequenced from the PCR product in 16 clinical samples to determine which genotype(s) was/were present. Sequencing data from one sample suggested a mixed infection and therefore the PCR product was cloned and sequenced to see if more than one genotype was present. Fifteen out of the sixteen samples sequenced were HPV genotypes which are not represented on the Amplicor Genotyping Kit test strips. The samples are rare HPV types (HPV 61, 62, CP6108 and CP8304). The second part of this study examined the issue of persistence and in particular, I have considered the issue of an appropriate definition of persistence. A number of patients who had evidence of HPV 16 or HPV 18, 6 and 66 were investigated using samples obtained on at least two occasions. Molecular variants of either the LCR gene for HPV 16 or the L1 gene for the other HPV types were studied. No differences in LCR or L1 gene sequence in sequential same patient samples were observed. Two HPV 16 LCR alleles were seen for six patients of which 8/10 showed one nucleotide change at base 7518 and 2/10 were identical to the prototype. Based on a compilation of published studies on HPV 16 variants and subtypes for the long control region, the number of HPV 16 LCR alleles, worldwide, was determined. One HPV 66 and two HPV 18 and HPV 6 L1 alleles were observed. When examining persistence, one must consider the frequency of specific variants (alleles) in the study population. A common variant detected over time could either be a persistent infection or a reinfection with the same viral variant. / Thesis / Master of Science (MS)

After Freeman and Tse (1992), and Hayn (1995) indicated that positive-and negative-earning companies have different responses toward earning compositions based on the negative-earning companies¡¦ information content, Chamber (1996), Subramanyam and Wild (1996), Lipe, Bryant and Widner (1998) proposed the relationship between negative and future earning. In addition, Sloan (1996) suggested that accruals in the market have been over-valued. Xie (2001), however, pointed out that over-valued situation comes from manipulable earning compositions. Recently, Dopuch (2005), and Joos and Plesko (2002) reexamined the properties of negative-earning samples and found that investors¡¦ attitude on negative earnings will depend on predicted reversal possibility for valuation of a company. However, Taiwan has no studies on accrual evaluations after differentiating positive and negative earning for companies. This study adopts Mishkin (1983) evaluation model on abnormal accruals to analyze Taiwan 1391 listed company for the sample period from 1986 to 2005. The empirical results suggest that ERCs¡¦ of negative-earning companies are not significant; if the companies are differentiated by persist negative earning and transitory negative earning, investors tend to overprice transitory negative earning. In addition, investors tend to overprice the (discretionary) accruals positive-earning companies, but make accurate evaluation toward persistent earning companies with low reversal possibility. This study also found that persistency of positive-earning companies is longer than negative-earnings. Finally, by using logistic regression to differentiate the possibility of negative-earning accruals, there is no significant difference between the logistic regression model and cash flow classification from the empirical test. Based on the findings, how Taiwan security market response and evaluate discretionary accruals can be further understood.

Among the most positive functions of trees in the cities are microclimate improvement and stabilization of slopes against erosion and landslides. The amount and distribution of water in the soil affect surface erosion and the stability of the slope. The aim of the study is to assess the influence of trees on the slope stability in a city park ‘Žižkovy sady’ in Hradec Králové. The study comprised of fieldwork, data processing, and hydrological modeling. During the fieldwork, the soils physical properties at the locality were studied under various types of vegetation cover. The soil moisture was measured under the trees and under the grassland from November 2015 to May 2017. Hydrological modeling in software PERSiST supported the soil moisture measurements, suggesting that trees have higher water uptake than other land use categories: grassland and paved area present in the locality. Modeled evapotranspiration was 30 % higher for trees than for grassland and 63 % higher for trees than for paved area, while total runoff for trees during the season was only 70 mm compared to 182 mm at the grassland and 447 mm at the paved area. The trees had a positive effect on the decrease of surface runoff through transpiration and interception, which mitigates of potential erosion and drains. Furthermore higher root diameter and rooting depth of trees than grass significantly improve slope ability. Potential tree removal on slopes of the locality may lead to increased erosion and landslides of existing slopes due to the excessive moisture in the low cohesive soils, the loss of anchoring roots and the increase of water infiltration into the soil.

Climate change is a well-studied subject but large uncertainties still exist in future projections. These uncertainties are even larger on future runoff projections at catchment scales due to the differences in local landscape factors. Continuous assessments are therefore needed to improve our understanding and increase our preparedness for the future. One way forward is to assess the impact of climate change on runoff with the new hydrological model PERSiST. PERSiST was calibrated to four study catchments that spread out along a south-north climate gradient of Sweden. The model well simulated the stream discharges with Nash-Sutcliffe values ranging from 0.55 to 0.76. The model was then driven by downscaled and bias-corrected weather data (2061–2090) from an ensemble of 15 Regional Climate Models. The runoff projections showed that the impact of climate change on runoff would differ across the catchments. All catchments would see an increase in annual runoff with the greatest increase in the northernmost catchment. The northernmost catchment would also see a likely decline in spring flood, a shift in timing of the spring flood from May to April and an increase in winter runoff. As a result of an increase in winter runoff, there could be a loss of seasonality. In the more southern catchments the present-day runoff was more evenly distributed during the year and the projected loss of seasonality was not as pronounced. The conclusion was that the impact of climate change on runoff would increase northward, due to the higher response to climate change in the northernmost catchments. / Klimatförändringar är ett välstuderat ämne men stora osäkerheter kvarstår vad gäller framtida projektioner. Dessa osäkerheter är ännu större när det kommer till framtida projektioner av avrinning på grund av stora olikheter i lokala faktorer. Därför är fortsatta utvärderingar av nytta för att öka förståelsen och förbättra förberedelsen för framtiden. Ett steg i rätt riktning är att utvärdera klimatförändringars effekt på avrinning med hjälp av den nya hydrologiska modellen PERSiST. PERSiST kalibrerades för fyra olika avrinningsområden som var utspridda längs en syd-nord-gradient av Sverige. Den kalibrerade modellen simulerade det observerade flödet med Nash-Sutcliffe värden från 0,55 till 0,76. Modellen kördes sedan med nerskalad och bias-korrigerad väderdata (2061–2090) från en ensemble av 15 regionala klimatmodeller. Resultatet visade att klimatförändringars effekt på avrinning varierade mellan avrinningsområdena. Alla avrinningsområden påvisade en ökning i total årlig avrinning. Den största ökningen stod att finna i det nordligaste avrinningsområdet. Det nordligaste avrinningsområdet påvisade även en trolig minskning i vårflodsvolym, en skiftning av vårfloden från maj till april samt högre flöden vintertid. Som ett resultat av högre flöden vintertid uppstod en minskning av säsongsvariation. I de sydligare avrinningsområdena var dagens flöden jämnare fördelade över året, vilket gjorde att minskningen av säsongsvariation inte var lika stor. Slutsatsen var att klimatförändringarnas effekt på avrinning ökar norrut.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:53:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 444077.pdf: 1856058 bytes, checksum: 13e3ea32d301495887bf643a37620e9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-31 / Long-term memory (LTM) storage requires activation of the ventral tegmental area (VTA)- hippocampus dopaminergic loop and synthesis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) late after learning (Bekinschtein et al., 2007; Rossato et al., 2009). Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) modulate VTA function. Therefore, we analyzed the involvement of these receptors on the lasting storage of fear memory in adult male Wistar rats. Intra-VTA infusion of nicotine 12 h after a weak inhibitory avoidance (IA) training session facilitated LTM retention 14 days but not 2 days later. Conversely, administration of the non-subtype specific nAChR antagonist mecamylamine, or of the α7-nAChR antagonist methyllycaconitine 12 h after a strong IA training session impaired LTM persistence. The α2/β4-nAChR antagonist dihydro-β-erythroidine had no effect on memory. Intra-CA1 infusion of the D1/D5 receptor antagonist SCH38393 blocked the promnesic action of intra-VTA nicotine. On the contrary, intra-CA1 administration of the D1/D5 receptor agonist SKF38393 reversed the amnesia induced by intra-VTA mecamylamine. Modulation of excitatory synaptic transmission requires interaction between the pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei (PPN), the VTA, and the medial pre-frontal cortex (mPFC). Particularly, PPN controls glutamate release from mPFC, sustaining the activity of dopaminergic neurons in the VTA. We found that reversible inactivation of the PPN 12h after strong training impaired IA LTM persistence. Intra-VTA infusion of nicotine and intra-CA1 infusion of SKF38393 reversed the amnesia induced by PPN inactivation. Likewise, temporary inactivation of the mPFC hindered LTM persistence, and this effect was reversed by infusion of nicotine and NMDA in the VTA and also by SKF38393 and BDNF given in dorsal CA1 12 h posttraining. Together with previous results, this set of experiments indicates that PPN/mPFC interactions mediated by α7-nAChR control the activation state of the VTA-hippocampus dopaminergic loop and the expression of hippocampal BDNF to modulate the persistent storage of aversive memories. / Embora o conhecimento sobre os mecanismos envolvidos na consolida??o da mem?ria tem se expandido nos ?ltimos anos, continuamos sem saber como e por que algumas mem?rias duram mais que outras. Recentemente, nosso grupo demonstrou que a ativa??o de um circuito funcional dopamin?rgico ?rea tegmental ventral (VTA)-Hipocampo ? essencial para o armazenamento persistente de uma mem?ria de longo prazo (LTM). Sabe-se que atrav?s da ativa??o de receptores colin?rgicos nicot?nicos (nAChR), a nicotina modula a funcionalidade da VTA. Desta forma, n?s utilizamos como ferramenta comportamental a tarefa de Esquiva Inibit?ria (EI) para investigar o papel da modula??o nicot?nica nos neur?nios dopamin?rgicos da regi?o VTA em uma LTM persistente. Nossos resultados sugerem que, a infus?o intra-VTA de nicotina 12 horas ap?s um treinamento fraco na tarefa comportamental facilita a reten??o de uma mem?ria persistente 14 dias, mas n?o 2 dias ap?s o treino. De maneira inversa, infus?es intra-VTA de mecamilamina (antagonista n?o espec?fico dos nAChR), assim como infus?es de Metilicaconitina, um antagonista de nAChR espec?ficos para subunidades α7, 12 horas ap?s um treino forte na tarefa de EI, prejudicaram a reten??o persistente de uma mem?ria aversiva. A infus?o intra-VTA de Dihidro-β-Eritroidina, um antagonista de nAChR com subunidades α2/β4, 12 horas ap?s o treinamento n?o possui efeito algum na persist?ncia da mem?ria. Infus?es de SCH23390 (antagonista dopamin?rgico D1/D5), 12 horas ap?s o treino bloqueia o efeito pr?-mn?sico causado pela administra??o de nicotina intra-VTA. Inversamente, infus?es de SKF38393 (agonista dopamin?rgico D1/D5) 12 horas ap?s o treino reverte o efeito pr?mn?sico causado pela administra??o de mecamilamina intra-VTA. As modula??es da transmiss?o sin?ptica excitat?ria necessitam da intera??o entre o N?cleo Tegmental pedunculopontino (PPN), o c?rtex pr?-frontal medial e a VTA. Entretanto, o PPN controla a libera??o glutamat?rgica do mPFC sustentando a atividade dopamin?rgica dos neur?nios da VTA. Desta forma, n?s descobrimos que a inativa??o revers?vel do PPN 12 horas ap?s um treinamento forte prejudica o armazenamento persistente de uma LTM. Infus?es de nicotina intra-VTA e de SKF38393 intra-CA1 revertem o efeito amn?sico induzido pela inativa??o do PPN. Da mesma forma, uma inativa??o tempor?ria do mPFC 12 horas ap?s um treinamento forte prejudica a persist?ncia de uma LTM. Este efeito amn?sico ? revertido pelas infus?es intra-VTA de nicotina e NMDA (Agonista de receptores NMDA), assim como pelas infus?es intra-CA1 de SKF38393 e BDNF (Fator neurotr?fico derivado do c?rebro) na mesma janela temporal do experimentos anteriores. Os nossos resultados sugerem que o recrutamento do sistema colin?rgico nicot?nico, derivado do PPN, regule a persist?ncia do tra?o mnem?nico aversivo atrav?s da ativa??o espec?fica dos nAChR com subunidades α7, modulando positivamente a atividade dos neur?nios dopamin?rgicos localizados na regi?o VTA. Esta modula??o promove um aumento na libera??o de dopamina na regi?o CA1, ativando os receptores dopamin?rgicos D1/D5 e aumentado a libera??o de BDNF, o qual ? essencial para o armazenamento de longa dura??o de uma mem?ria aversiva.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-20T14:34:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Rodrigo Alves de Melo.pdf: 647767 bytes, checksum: 56dbf52b2dc0c6c7d87ccf57e757a793 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-20T14:34:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Rodrigo Alves de Melo.pdf: 647767 bytes, checksum: 56dbf52b2dc0c6c7d87ccf57e757a793 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-21 / This dissertation studies the performance of brazilian mutual funds stock portfolios classified as ?multimercado macro? from april, 2005 to march, 2010 by a multicriteria manner. The research aims to evaluate: (i) the success of market timing and stock picking strategies; (ii) the performance persistence taking into account macroeconomic various periods and (iii) if persistence depends on the time period analyzed, the performance indicator used or other variables such as size, client kind or investment profile. Therefore, were calculated the risk measures beta and standard deviation, the performance measures average return and cumulative return and the stock picking measure Fama?s decomposition for six months, one year and two years and six months periods and the stock picking measure Jensen's alpha and the market timing measure proposed by Treynor and Mazuy for two years and six months periods. The statistical tools used to verify the influence of control variables on performance and whether there is an association between the results were the Mann-Whitney?s test and Spearman?s correlation coefficient. The sample exhibits survivorship bias since it includes only the mutual funds that were actives throughout the studied period. Most studied portfolios failed to outperform the market by using stock picking and market timing strategies. Significant influences of the control variables size and investment profile were found, but only concerning the market timing measure. In the performance persistence analysis, only the systematic risk beta showed persistent evidences throughout the studied period, since the managers couldn?t keep the total risk under control during the financial crisis. In general, the portfolios have been unable to persist in any of the performance indicators, except for the unauthorized-operating-leveraged portfolio group, which showed persistence in average and cumulative returns and in selectivity indicator Fama?s decomposition, but only in long-term. Finally, DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) enabled the creation of a portfolios? efficiency ranking taking into account its cumulative returns and systematic and total risks and only one portfolio showed maximum efficiency for the studied period. / Esta disserta??o estuda o desempenho das carteiras de a??es dos fundos de investimento da categoria multimercado macro no Brasil no per?odo de abril de 2005 a mar?o de 2010 de forma multicriterial. O estudo busca avaliar: (i) o sucesso dos gestores em estrat?gias de market timing e stock picking; (ii) a persist?ncia de performance levando em considera??o per?odos macroecon?micos diversos e (iii) se a persist?ncia depende do per?odo de tempo analisado, do indicador de performance utilizado ou de outras vari?veis, como tamanho, p?blico-alvo ou perfil de investimento. Para tal foram calculadas as medidas de risco beta e desvio-padr?o, as medidas de desempenho retorno m?dio e retorno acumulado e a medida de seletividade decomposi??o de Fama para os per?odos de seis meses, um ano e dois anos e seis meses e as medidas de seletividade alpha de Jensen e de market timing proposta por Treynor e Mazuy para per?odos de dois anos e seis meses. Os instrumentos estat?sticos utilizados para verificar a influ?ncia das vari?veis de controle no desempenho e a exist?ncia ou n?o de associa??o entre os resultados foram o teste de Mann-Whitney e o coeficiente de correla??o de Spearman. A amostra apresenta vi?s de sobreviv?ncia pois compreende apenas os fundos que estiveram ativos durante todo o per?odo estudado. a maioria das carteiras de a??es estudadas n?o conseguiu superar o mercado atrav?s da utiliza??o de estrat?gias de stock picking e market timing. Foram verificadas influ?ncias significativas das vari?veis de controle tamanho e perfil de risco, mas apenas em rela??o ? medida de market timing. Na an?lise de persist?ncia de performance, somente o risco sistem?tico beta apresentou evid?ncias de persist?ncia durante todo o per?odo estudado, uma vez que os gestores n?o conseguiram manter o risco total sob controle durante a crise financeira. De um modo geral, os portf?lios n?o conseguiram apresentar persist?ncia de performance em nenhum dos indicadores de desempenho, com exce??o do grupo de portf?lios n?o autorizados a operarem alavancados, o qual apresentou persist?ncia somente no longo prazo para os indicadores de retornos m?dio e acumulado e de seletividade decomposi??o de Fama. Finalmente a t?cnica DEA (An?lise Envolt?ria de Dados) possibilitou a composi??o de um ranking da efici?ncia das carteiras levando-se em considera??o o retorno acumulado, o risco sistem?tico e o risco total das mesmas e somente uma delas apresentou m?xima efici?ncia para o per?odo estudado.

This study is about the data analysis of wind speed on sea surface, water temperature, atmospheric temperature, and sea waves observations from four buoy stations (Hua-Lian , Hsin-Chu , E-Luuan-Bi and Kin-Men) that belong to Central Weather Bureau Republic of China and Water Resources Agency, and related researches. The period of this study is in winter and summer from 2001 to 2003. Because of the shelter effect from building or hillocks in land, the wind speed on land is abated and not consistent with that on sea. Comparing data form two island stations ( Dongjido and Lanyu) and four buoy stations, the winds around Taiwan are almost the same. That means the monsoon controls the wind direction in summers and winters. Comparing the quantitative results from different wind speed areas in same period of time, the continuity of sea wind is better than that of land wind, especially best in west Taiwan. Also comparing the changes of wind speed in different atmospheric stability layers, wind is stronger in neural than others. Wind speed distribution also showed wind speeds increased when it is far from land, and sea breeze happened near land within 1-2 kilometer. Sea temperature and wind speed are the factors affecting stability. The diurnal variation of air temperature is greater than that of sea and diurnal variation of sea is more significant during winter. Especially along coastal in Eastern Taiwan, the temperature difference between sea and atmosphere could be greater than 10 ¢J, moreover the wind speed on sea surface in Hua-Lian is slow. Therefore, it caused more unstable on sea surface in Hua-Lian. waves could be classified into two types by wave age: swell and wind sea. Swell means because of passing long fetch, the weave height and wave period are saturated and no longer develop. It can¡¦t reveal the effects of sea wind on waves. Therefore, if swell is the major composition of waves, the inaccuracy of calculated stress would be large. On the contrary, when wind sea is the major composition of waves, roughness could be calculated by wave steepness. While analyzing coefficient of momentum flux on sea surface near Taiwan, gust factor under neutral and unstable conditions had different. Gust factor would change with wind speed under neutral condition, but change with stability under unstable condition. In neutral condition, wind speed and drag coefficient are direct proportion and then correlation among p of power law of wind profile, turbulence intensity and gust factor under neutral condition and strong wind are similar, the value close to 0.1.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AngeloFCV_DISSERT.pdf: 529844 bytes, checksum: 31ec92a2d3087f97d485f9b59c041809 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / A presente pesquisa visa entender os fatores que explicam a manuten??o dos aspectos artesanais no extrativismo da cera de carna?ba em Limoeiro do Norte. Justificamos a explora??o desse tema pelo fasc?nio do autor pelo tema e por ser esse recurso ainda uma importante fonte de renda para produtores e trabalhadores rurais no respectivo munic?pio. Objetivamos nessa pesquisa identificar as raz?es pelas quais a atividade mant?m seu padr?o tecnol?gico intacto. Primeiro objetivamos uma descri??o do processo produtivo da cera, tanto no passado, quanto no presente, comparando estes momentos e ressaltando o car?ter artesanal da atividade, al?m de analisar a import?ncia atual da atividade para aqueles que ainda lidam com esse tipo de produ??o, bem como procuramos revelar estrutura hist?rica e institucional que permeia a l?gica e as escolhas destes produtores, a qual pode explicar a preserva??o destes aspectos artesanais. Utilizando o referencial te?rico do institucionalismo, explicamos que a preserva??o destes aspectos artesanais, ocorre em virtude da preval?ncia de determinadas institui??es, como a mem?ria coletiva cultivada entre os rendeiros idosos e resistentes, a concentra??o fundi?ria, respons?vel pelo arrendamento e tamb?m as restritas possibilidades de investimento e poupan?a no processo produtivo, em face do baixo n?vel de renda de produtores, os quais com um produto pouco competitivo no mercado, pouco podem fazer para inovar tecnologicamente. / A presente pesquisa visa entender os fatores que explicam a manuten??o dos aspectos artesanais no extrativismo da cera de carna?ba em Limoeiro do Norte. Justificamos a explora??o desse tema pelo fasc?nio do autor pelo tema e por ser esse recurso ainda uma importante fonte de renda para produtores e trabalhadores rurais no respectivo munic?pio. Objetivamos nessa pesquisa identificar as raz?es pelas quais a atividade mant?m seu padr?o tecnol?gico intacto. Primeiro objetivamos uma descri??o do processo produtivo da cera, tanto no passado, quanto no presente, comparando estes momentos e ressaltando o car?ter artesanal da atividade, al?m de analisar a import?ncia atual da atividade para aqueles que ainda lidam com esse tipo de produ??o, bem como procuramos revelar estrutura hist?rica e institucional que permeia a l?gica e as escolhas destes produtores, a qual pode explicar a preserva??o destes aspectos artesanais. Utilizando o referencial te?rico do institucionalismo, explicamos que a preserva??o destes aspectos artesanais, ocorre em virtude da preval?ncia de determinadas institui??es, como a mem?ria coletiva cultivada entre os rendeiros idosos e resistentes, a concentra??o fundi?ria, respons?vel pelo arrendamento e tamb?m as restritas possibilidades de investimento e poupan?a no processo produtivo, em face do baixo n?vel de renda de produtores, os quais com um produto pouco competitivo no mercado, pouco podem fazer para inovar tecnologicamente.

No description available.

This thesis aims to explore what factors support aid workers to continue in the humanitarian sector, even with the knowledge that their personal well-being, and sometimes their lives, may be in danger due to risk-filled settings and assignments. To find out what factors that encourage aid workers to continue, the thesis also examines their backgrounds and paths into this profession. It further aims to determine what factors the aid workers find difficult in their work and what coping strategies they use to deal with the difficulties in order to prevent and recover from exhaustion and burnout. Data was derived from semi-structured in-depth interviews with experienced aid workers from both global south[1] and global north[2] countries, working in different organizations, countries and contexts. This material was complemented by an unstructured literature review. The theories that have been used for the analysis and as a guiding framework is mainly the notion of habitus by Pierre Bourdieu (1986, 1996) and, as a complement, the theory of intersectionality (Mattsson, 2010). A number of factors that encourage humanitarian aid workers throughout their careers have been identified. In the research findings, the following themes were distinguished to answer the aim and questions at issue; impeding factors, social background and supporting factors. Impeding factors are included and investigated since they can help to explain what it is that encourage aid workers to persist despite the difficulties they face. Results indicate that the aid workers to a certain extent have been affected by role models and cultural, social and economic conditions and experiences in their upbringing, which have all played a role throughout their careers. Other supporting factors have been gained through the aid work over time, such as developing ways to make it more effective to avoid exhaustion and burnout. The study further shows that a person’s background, as understood via Bourdieu’s concept of habitus, may affect the supporting factors over time. The initial motives to engage in aid work tends to perpetuate throughout the career, and aid workers return back to, and find strength in, such motives after facing burnout. Moreover, it is demonstrated that finding one’s personal coping strategies is essential, such as hobbies and spending time with loved ones. When recovering from exhaustion and burnout, innovations in behavior and more efficient ways to work can be developed. Hence, the supporting factors can change with time.