Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:13:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Valdemar Joao Wesz Junior.pdf: 2176509 bytes, checksum: d8623759f2d132281631c9f178844515 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-28 / Since the process of the democratization in Brazil started, new programs were developed with the perspective of building different policies for the country side, especially from the consolidation of familiar agriculture as a priority public. One of the activities that got support and that started to integrate the intervention agenda was the agroindustrialization of the production in small scale, conceived as an important strategy of social reproduction for these farmers. In order to do so, in 2003 the Program of Familiar Agriculture Agroindustrialization was developed and innovated as it intervened in multiple action lines (financing, law, capacitance, technology and commerce) in a federal scale. The main purpose of this dissertation is to analyze and to evaluate this public policy from the results gotten from the intervention instruments and the enterprises profile (familiar agroindustries) supported by the program. In this paper, we applied two theoretical-methodological resources linked to the analysis of public policies: the process approach (approche s?quentielle), in order to understand the different phases of the intervention mechanism, and the scale dimension of the program, in order to analyze the different processes in the national and local levels. The local study was developed in the region of Cerro Largo/RS, since there is an important presence of familiar farming institutions there and the great presence of small agroindustries in the country side. The methodological procedures refer to the compilation and analysis of data and secondary information (statistics, documents, bibliography and media) and to the making of 75 interviews half-structured with the managers of the program in a national level and with the actors present in the executive level of the policy (Cerro Largo region). In general terms, the research points out that the Program of Familiar Agriculture Agroindustrialization had its results concentrated in the south region in Brazil leaving the North and the Northeast region behind, showing that the operational structure of this intervention mechanism disregarded, at specific moments, the particularities of certain places, privileging others. At the same time, we notice that the analyzed policy has covered in a major way the more consolidated agroindustries to the detriment of the familiar unities which detain the production processing in a complementary way. Therefore, the results show that the Program of Familiar Agriculture Agroindustrialization has played an important role in the Brazilian country side and in the support to new strategies of the farmers reproduction, despite the fact that their cover has especially centered in some regions and in a restricted public. / A partir do processo de democratiza??o no Brasil, novos programas foram elaborados na perspectiva de construir pol?ticas diferenciadas para o meio rural, notadamente a partir da consolida??o da agricultura familiar enquanto p?blico priorit?rio. Uma das atividades que ganhou respaldo e que passou a integrar a agenda de interven??o foi a agroindustrializa??o da produ??o em pequena escala, concebida enquanto uma importante estrat?gia de reprodu??o social para estes agricultores. Para tanto, foi criado em 2003 o Programa de Agroindustrializa??o da Agricultura Familiar, que inovou ao intervir em m?ltiplas linhas de a??o (financiamento, legisla??o, capacita??o, tecnologia e comercializa??o) na escala federal. O objetivo central da disserta??o ? analisar e avaliar esta pol?tica p?blica a partir dos resultados obtidos pelos instrumentos de interven??o e do perfil dos empreendimentos (agroind?strias familiares) apoiados pelo programa. Neste trabalho foram utilizados dois recursos te?rico-metodol?gicos vinculados ? an?lise de pol?ticas p?blicas: a abordagem processual (approche s?quentielle), para compreender as distintas fases do mecanismo de interven??o, e a dimens?o escalar do programa, para analisar os diferentes processos no n?vel nacional e local. O estudo no ?mbito local aconteceu na microrregi?o de Cerro Largo/RS dada a presen?a significativa de estabelecimentos agropecu?rios familiares neste espa?o e a grande incid?ncia de pequenas agroind?strias no meio rural. Os procedimentos metodol?gicos referem-se ? compila??o e an?lise de dados e informa??es secund?rias (estat?sticas, documentais, bibliogr?ficas e midi?ticas) e ? realiza??o de 75 entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os gestores do programa na escala nacional e com os atores presentes no n?vel executivo da pol?tica (microrregi?o de Cerro Largo). Em termos gerais, a pesquisa aponta que o Programa de Agroindustrializa??o da Agricultura Familiar obteve uma concentra??o dos resultados na regi?o Sul do Brasil em preju?zo do Norte e Nordeste, demonstrando que a estrutura operacional deste mecanismo de interven??o desconsiderou, em momentos espec?ficos, as particularidades de algumas localidades em privil?gio de outras. Paralelamente, percebe-se que a pol?tica analisada tem coberto de forma majorit?ria ?s agroind?strias mais consolidadas em detrimento das unidades familiares que det?m o processamento da produ??o de forma complementar. Portanto, os resultados apontam que o Programa de Agroindustrializa??o da Agricultura Familiar tem desempenhado um papel importante no cen?rio rural brasileiro e no apoio a novas estrat?gias de reprodu??o dos agricultores, embora sua cobertura tenha se centrado fundamentalmente em algumas regi?es e num p?blico restrito.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:13:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Angelica Massuquetti.pdf: 1215449 bytes, checksum: 0e964d6117a50146e371a29a82219fe2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-27 / This thesis examines the process of knowledge production within Social Sciences Post- Graduate courses from the 1970s regarding Brazilian rural social conflicts occurred before 1964. The aims of this thesis are to identify the main issues and questions proposed by the literature, and to discuss the paradigms employed to research social conflicts on rural areas in Brazil undertaken by Social Sciences and how they were used to comprehend those conflicts. The question behind this investigation is related to the multiple views established by Brazilian social scientists analyzing those conflicts throughout time. The examination of this knowledge production reveals the construction of news categories to investigate rural social conflicts and the perception of other elements, not exclusively determined by capitalist transformations, as a condition for the emergence of those conflicts. / Esta tese examina a produ??o do conhecimento elaborada no ?mbito dos cursos de p?sgradua??o em Ci?ncias Sociais, a partir dos anos setenta, a respeito dos conflitos sociais rurais brasileiros ocorridos no pr?-1964. Os objetivos desta pesquisa s?o a identifica??o dos principais temas, das quest?es que a literatura apresentou e dos paradigmas explicativos empregados e como foram utilizados nas pesquisas sobre os conflitos sociais no campo no Brasil realizadas pelas Ci?ncias Sociais. A indaga??o que entremeia esta investiga??o diz respeito aos m?ltiplos olhares estabelecidos pelos cientistas sociais brasileiros na an?lise destes conflitos ao longo do tempo. O exame desta produ??o do conhecimento revela a constru??o de novas categorias na investiga??o dos conflitos sociais no campo, bem como a percep??o de outros elementos, n?o exclusivamente determinados pelas transforma??es capitalistas, como condi??o para a emerg?ncia destes conflitos.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:15:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009- Guilherme Rodrigues Brito.pdf: 459862 bytes, checksum: c031fecfbd14597be54c60c23a0dc04c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The dairy cattle is an activity of great value of agricultural sector and perform important function in economic and social development of Brazil. Of health and zootechnical viewpoint, milk production is full of challenges, it is necessary studies to correlate various factors that may constitute limits to growth in dairy sector. The research aimed to correlate seven variables: the milk s production, the parasitic infestation by Haematobia irritans, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus and larvae of Dermatobia hominis; the body condition score, the genetic group and order of birth in mixed race Holstein female, belonging to the Company for Agricultural Research of Rio de Janeiro State - Experimental Station of Serop?dica - RJ. Were used 58 lactating animals Holstein x Zebu between november 2007 to october 2008. The weights of production of milk, the counts of ectoparasites and evaluate of body condition scores were taken every seven days. The genetic group and order of birth were obtained from files of Company. For statistical analysis of data, was proceed the Pearson Correlation (P <0.05) and multivariate analysis using the technique of principal components. We observed a positive correlation between milk production and number of flies, milk production and number of Dermatobia larvae and milk production and order of birth of animals. The variable of body condition score had negative correlation with number of ticks and positive correlation with the genetic group and order of birth. There was positive correlation between the number of flies and order of birth of animals. Among the variables number of ticks and genetic group the correlation was negative. The application of multifactorial analysis using the principal components F1 and F2 confirmed the Pearson correlations allowing a proper interpretation of results. / A bovinocultura leiteira ? uma atividade de grande valor do setor agropecu?rio e desempenha fun??o relevante no desenvolvimento econ?mico e social do Brasil. Do ponto de vista sanit?rio e zoot?cnico, a produ??o de leite ? repleta de desafios, sendo necess?rios estudos que visem correlacionar os diversos fatores que podem constituir em obst?culos ao crescimento do setor leiteiro. A pesquisa objetivou correlacionar sete vari?veis: a produ??o de leite, as infesta??es parasit?rias por Haematobia irritans, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus e larvas de Dermatobia hominis; o escore da condi??o corporal, o grupamento gen?tico e a ordem de parto em f?meas Holandesas Mesti?as pertencentes ? Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecu?ria do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - Esta??o Experimental de Serop?dica - RJ. Foram utilizados 58 animais lactantes Holand?s x Zebu no per?odo de novembro de 2007 a outubro de 2008. As pesagens das produ??es de leite, as contagens de ectoparasitos e a avalia??o dos escores da condi??o corporal foram realizadas a cada sete dias. O grupamento gen?tico e a ordem de parto foram obtidos a partir dos arquivos da Empresa. Para a an?lise estat?stica dos dados procedeu-se a correla??o de Pearson (P < 0,05) e an?lise multivariada utilizando-se a t?cnica dos componentes principais. Foi observada correla??o positiva entre a produ??o de leite e n?mero de moscas, produ??o de leite e n?mero de bernes e produ??o de leite e ordem de parto dos animais. A vari?vel escore da condi??o corporal apresentou correla??o negativa com o n?mero de carrapatos e correla??o positiva com as vari?veis grupamento gen?tico e ordem de parto. Verificou-se correla??o positiva entre o n?mero de moscas e a ordem de parto dos animais. Entre as vari?veis n?mero de carrapatos e grupamento gen?tico foi observada correla??o negativa. O emprego da An?lise Multifatorial utilizando os componentes principais F1 e F2 confirmou as correla??es de Pearson permitindo uma apropriada interpreta??o dos resultados.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:16:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008- Helcimar Barbosa Palhano.pdf: 2191510 bytes, checksum: 80bff123cfa243018188fa7c74fc5f5a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-24 / Under an epidemiological view and using a quantitative and qualitative methodology there were done 30 interviews with family-based farm system and other six with veterinarians that worked in the respective town. The present study aimed to analyzing the social representation of health-disease process, get the knowledge the sanitary and handling practices and the respective bioproductive indicators, as the participation of the veterinarian and the productive chains institutions envolved on this context. Some of data was filed in EPIINFO program, where was done the frequency analysis and the other part was filed in a Microsoft Word program witch was submitted to an analysis of the content. Another method of investigation used in this study was the e triangulation method. The health and disease of the cattle were more represented by antagonistic state and also associated to human health and disease. The sanitary and handling practices are based, mostly, on the vaccination against the foot-and-mouth disease, rabies and clostridiosis and on the control of endo and ectoparasites of empirical form, without orientation from the veterinarian. The veterinary assistance was characterized as emergencial clinical interventions that in the perception of the producers, match their demands. / Atrav?s de uma abordagem epidemiol?gica e emprego de metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa, foram realizadas 30 entrevistas com produtores familiares de leite do municio de Rio das Flores e seis com m?dicos veterin?rios atuantes no respectivo munic?pio. O presente estudo objetivou identificar as representa??es sociais dos produtores sobre o processo sa?de-doen?a em animais, conhecer as pr?ticas sanit?rias adotadas e os indicadores bioprodutivos de seus rebanhos, assim como, a participa??o do m?dico veterin?rio e das institui??es ligadas ? respectiva cadeia produtiva neste contexto. Dos dados obtidos, parte foi armazenada no programa EPIINFO, onde se procedeu a an?lise de freq??ncia, e outra armazenada em um banco de dados da Microsoft Word e submetida a analise de conte?do, tendo sido utilizado ainda o m?todo de triangula??o. A sa?de e doen?a nos bovinos foram representadas por estados antag?nicos e tamb?m associadas ? sa?de e doen?a humana. As pr?ticas sanit?rias e de manejo est?o baseadas, em sua maioria, na vacina??o contra a febre aftosa, raiva e clostridioses e no controle de endo e ectoparasitos de forma emp?rica, sem orienta??o por parte do m?dico veterin?rio. A assist?ncia veterin?ria foi caracterizada por interven??es cl?nicas emergenciais, que na percep??o dos produtores atende ?s suas demandas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:19:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007-Pablo Yugo Yoshiura Kubo.pdf: 2422613 bytes, checksum: e348b7e550419b55af8c51c6ca37adfe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-15 / The main objective of this work is to analyze the more evident competitive advantages due to the adoption of the production model called Modular Consortium. Therefore, it will be analyzed two truck and bus manufacturers, of the Brazilian, that adopted two different production process. Volkswagen Truck and Bus Modular Consortium, located in Resende city (RJ) has a revolutionary manufacture process, that the main company delegates the assemblies tasks, logistics and a portion of the product development to the 7 main suppliers. Each module manages its own workers, and just some specific department (engineering, quality assurance, marketing, sales and assistance) has Volkswagen employees. In the other hand, the A manufacturer has a vertical production process; it means that the main vehicle s component are made, and developed, by its own manufacture plant. The methodology used was based on non structured interviews with personal from the Human Resource / Logistics / Product Engineering Departments. The basic characteristic to delegate tasks, the Modular Consortium, optimizes the utilization of its employees. This factor, if analyzed by the Brazilian side, could be considered a negative point, due to its high level of unemployment. But this optimization could be related as an efficiency indicator of the Volkswagen Truck and Bus Modular Consortium. The fact that the Modular Consortium concept permits the main company to delegate secondary tasks allows it to concentrate in strategic areas like its mark and its market performance. / O objetivo geral neste trabalho ? analisar as vantagens competitivas, mais latentes, geradas pelo modelo de produ??o denominada cons?rcio modular. Para tanto ser?o analisadas duas montadoras, de ve?culos comerciais, que det?m diferentes processos produtivos mencionados. O cons?rcio modular Volkswagen Caminh?es e ?nibus, situada na cidade de Resende (RJ) possui um processo de produ??o inovador, na qual a empresa contratante delega as tarefas de montagem, log?stica de suprimentos e parte do desenvolvimento do produto para 07 fornecedores. Cada m?dulo administra seus funcion?rios, sendo que apenas departamentos muito espec?ficos (engenharia do produto, garantia de processo e da qualidade, marketing, vendas e assist?ncia t?cnica) possuem funcion?rios diretamente ligados ? Volkswagen. Em contrapartida a Empresa A possui uma produ??o totalmente verticalizada, onde os principais componentes dos ve?culos s?o fabricados, e desenvolvidos, pela pr?pria montadora. A metodologia da pesquisa de campo baseou-se em entrevistas n?o-estruturadas com os profissionais dos Departamentos de Recursos Humanos, Log?stica e Engenharia do Produto. Devido a caracter?stica b?sica em delegar tarefas, o Cons?rcio Modular, otimiza a utiliza??o de funcion?rios para a produ??o / desenvolvimento de seus ve?culos. Esse fator se analisado sob a ?tica brasileira pode ser considerado mal?fico, devido ? alta taxa de desemprego do pa?s. Todavia essa otimiza??o traduz-se como um indicador de efici?ncia do Cons?rcio Modular Volkswagen Caminh?es e ?nibus. Em ?ltima an?lise o fato do conceito de cons?rcio modular permitir a empresa em delegar tarefas ditas como secund?rias propicia a mesma concentrar-se em ?reas estrat?gicas como sua marca e seu desempenho no mercado consumidor.

Submitted by Leticia Schettini (leticia@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-04T15:54:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Arcangelo Loss.pdf: 3517882 bytes, checksum: 70d6fb3cef54e289b9abe89818c070c1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-04T15:54:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Arcangelo Loss.pdf: 3517882 bytes, checksum: 70d6fb3cef54e289b9abe89818c070c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-10 / Funda??o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do RJ, FAPERJ, Brasil / The Integrated Agriculture and Cattle-raising System (IACRS) is an excellent option for Cerrado soils, since the association with grasses (Brachiaria) intensify biomass production, especially in the year dry season. The No-till System (NTS) interspersed with brachiaria (Urochloa ruziziensis) and in consortium with maize (IACRS), when compared to the IACRS without brachiaria provides the best balance between distribution of C in the more labile and recalcitrant fractions of soil organic matter (SOM), and increases C and N stock, and soil aggregation. The general objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution of IACRS system on soil fertility, in chemical and physical fractions of SOM, in the distribution of oxidized carbon fractions, in soil aggregation, and C and N stocks in different land use systems in Cerrado, Goias State. Two areas with crop rotation were evaluated in Montividiu municipality, Goias State, identified as: IARCS (Brachiaria + corn/bean/cotton/soybean) and NTS (sunflower/millet/soy/corn). A natural area of Cerrado was taken as natural soil reference. Soil was sampled at 0.0-5.0; 5.0-10.0; 10.0-20.0 and 20.0-40.0 depths, and also up to 100.0 cm, in a randomized design. In Chapter I it was evaluated bulk density (BD), mineralogy properties, and soil fertility. Due to the animal range used in the IACRS, it was not observed increase in BD in comparison to the area without cattle (NTS). The values of SiO2/Al2O3 (ki) soil ratio indicate dominance of gibbsite in the Cerrado natural area, and kaolinite in the cultivated areas. The IACRS, associated with crop and pasture fertilization, resulted in higher soil fertility and nutrient stocks, compared with the NTS. In Chapter II physical and chemical indicators of SOM were evaluated. The total organic carbon (TOC), stocks of C in the humic acid fraction (C-HAF) and oxidizable carbon, and the physical indicators, particulate organic carbon (POC), light organic matter (LOM) and free light fraction (FLF), allowed inferring that IACRS increased these SOM fractions when compared with the NTS. The IACRS also provided a balanced distribution of C labile forms (F1) and recalcitrant (F4) in the soil, a higher degree of SOM humification, and better stratification of POC than the NTS area. In chapter III it was evaluated the soil aggregation, distribution of C and N, natural abundance of 13C and 15N in aggregates and C-CO2 (mineralization carbon) from soil aggregates incubation. IACRS increased: soil aggregation indexes (0-5 and 5-10 cm), TOC and N (0-5 cm), formation of water stable aggregates (5-10 cm), and also had higher accumulation of C-CO2 than NTS. In Chapter IV the distribution of TOC, N total, natural abundance of 13C and 15N were assessed, and quantified the TOC and nitrogen values. The usage of Urochloa ruziziensis associated with IACRS, increased the TOC levels (0-30 cm) and N (0-20 cm), when compared with NTS. It was possible to conclude that IACRS was more efficient to storage TOC than the natural Cerrado area in the 10.0-20.0 and 20.0-30.0 cm layers, and for the sum of the layers 0.0-40.0, and 0.0-60.0 cm. The use of legumes in the crop systems resulted in higher values of 15N compared to Cerrado area. The replacement of the original Cerrado vegetation by agriculture resulted in changes in 13C, as proven after 17 years of cultivation, by incorporation of carbon from grasses in areas of NTS and IACRS. / O sistema de Integra??o Lavoura-Pecu?ria (ILP) ? uma excelente op??o de uso para solos do Bioma Cerrado, pois a associa??o com esp?cies po?ceas (braqui?ria) intensifica a produ??o de palhada, principalmente no per?odo seco do ano. O Sistema Plantio Direto (SPD) intercalado com braqui?ria (Urochloa ruziziensis) e consorciado ao milho safrinha (ILP), comparado ao SPD sem braqui?ria, pode conduzir a equil?brio entre a distribui??o do C das fra??es da mat?ria org?nica do solo (MOS) mais l?beis e recalcitrantes e aumentar estoques de C e N e a agrega??o do solo. O objetivo geral do estudo foi avaliar contribui??es do sistema de ILP na fertilidade do solo, nas fra??es qu?micas e f?sicas da MOS, na distribui??o das fra??es de carbono oxid?vel, na agrega??o do solo e nos estoques de C e N em diferentes sistemas de uso do solo no Cerrado goiano. Foram avaliadas duas ?reas com rota??o de culturas em Montividiu, GO: ILP (milho+braqui?ria/feij?o/algod?o/soja) e SPD (girassol/milheto/soja/ milho). Uma ?rea de Cerrad?o natural foi tomada como condi??o original do solo. Foram coletadas amostras de terra nas profundidades de 0,0-5,0; 5,0-10,0; 10,0-20,0 e 20,0-40,0 cm, e, tamb?m at? 100 cm, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. No Cap?tulo I foram avaliadas a densidade do solo (Ds), caracteriza??o mineral?gica e fertilidade do solo. Devido a lota??o animal utilizada no ILP n?o foram constatados aumentos da Ds em compara??o ? ?rea sem pisoteio animal (SPD). Os valores da rela??o SiO2/Al2O3 (ki) no solo indicam predom?nio de gibbsita na ?rea de Cerrad?o e de caulinita nas ?reas cultivadas. O sistema de ILP, mais ?s aduba??es das culturas e na braqui?ria, acarretou maior fertilidade do solo e estoques de nutrientes comparados ao SPD. No Cap?tulo II foram avaliados indicadores f?sicos e qu?micos da MOS. Os indicadores carbono org?nico total (COT), estoques de C da fra??o ?cido h?mico (C-FAH) e C oxid?vel e, os indicadores f?sicos, C org?nico particulado (COp), mat?ria org?nica leve (MOL) e fra??o leve livre (FLL), permitiram inferir que o sistema de ILP aumentou essas fra??es da MOS comparado ao SPD. No sistema de ILP a distribui??o das formas de carbono l?beis (F1) e recalcitrantes (F4) no solo foi mais equilibrada, com maior grau de humifica??o da MOS e melhor estratifica??o do COp, comparado ao SPD. No cap?tulo III foram avaliados os ?ndices de agrega??o do solo, a distribui??o dos teores de C e N e a abund?ncia natural de 13C e 15N dos agregados e o C-CO2 (carbono mineraliz?vel) proveniente da incuba??o de agregados do solo. A ILP aumentou os ?ndices de agrega??o do solo (0-5 e 5-10 cm), os teores de COT e N (0-5 cm), a forma??o de agregados est?veis em ?gua (5-10 cm) e tamb?m o ac?mulo de C-CO2, comparada ao SPD. No Capitulo IV foi avaliada a distribui??o do COT, N total, abund?ncia natural de 13C e 15N, e quantificados os estoques de COT e N do solo. A utiliza??o da Urochloa ruziziensis com rota??o de culturas (ILP) aumentou os teores de COT (0-30 cm) e N (0-20 cm), comparada ? rota??o de culturas (SPD). Conclui-se que o sistema de ILP foi mais eficiente em estocar COT no solo que a ?rea de Cerrad?o nas camadas de 10,0-20,0 e 20,0-30,0 cm e, na soma das camadas de 0,0-40,0 e 0,0-60,0 cm. O uso de leguminosas nas ?reas cultivadas acarretou em maiores valores de 15N em compara??o a de Cerrad?o. A substitui??o da vegeta??o original de Cerrad?o para implantar lavouras acarretou mudan?as do 13C, sendo comprovada, ap?s 17 anos de cultivo, a incorpora??o de C das po?ceas nas ?reas de SPD e ILP.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-20T19:09:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Carlos Magno Moreira de Oliveira.pdf: 3071191 bytes, checksum: 379c33cebd9108d71d2092ecebb6104d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-20T19:09:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Carlos Magno Moreira de Oliveira.pdf: 3071191 bytes, checksum: 379c33cebd9108d71d2092ecebb6104d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / CAPES / Commercial plantations of Eucalyptus has increased in Brazil, mainly in the state of Minas Gerais. The assessment of the effects of soil and climatic variables on the growth of trees becomes important tool to optimize management activities. In this perspective, this study aims to adjust and parameterize the 3-PG model for the North of Minas Gerais, using data from permanent plots of forest inventory, climate data from weather stations and data from remote sensing. This study was conducted in Eucalyptus of commercial plantations in the city of Bocaiuva (Minas Gerais). To parameterize the constant parameters of the relationship between DAP and height (H) relationship of power between DAP and height (NHB), constant relationship between volume and DAP (aV) and relationship of power between volume and DAP (NVB) were used in 2031 comments. The PG-3 model was run with parameters suggested in literature for the region and then executed with changes in the parameters mentioned above. To evaluate the effect of climate variability on planting were assessed estimates of 3-PG model fed with climatological normal and monthly averages and then analyzed the effects of environmental modulators fans and fDPV on the growth of planting. The database of climatological normals were obtained from INMET and global solar radiation was obtained from the GL 1.2 model for South America. The database with monthly average was acquired by INMET, and the precipitation was obtained from tropical TRMM satellite and solar radiation was estimated by the model proposed by FAO 56. Subsequently, we evaluated the efficiency of the 3-PG model in estimating the growth and production of settlement regarding estimates of empirical models, considering the FR parameter (Fertility Rating) as a site quality indicator. Through significant improvement was observed statistical analysis of procedural modeling with the modification of the suggested parameters, indicating that the values of this parameter can be used for other municipalities that region. Statistical analyzes showed that there was a reduction of variation of the data through the standard error of estimate (Syx%) and model efficiency (EF) greater than 0.80 for DBH, height and volume, indicating significant improvement in the model estimates . Comparing the estimates of dendrometric variables with climatological normal and monthly averages, it is observed, the graphics, the estimates were similar, with the monthly averages showed higher estimates. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the monthly averages were closer to those observed data, Syx 28% and EF 0.82 to volume while normal climatic Syx% showed almost 60% and EF 0.22. fAS modulator showed greater restriction on the development of trees, especially in the months of July, August and September. The procedural modeling showed average yield estimates in respect of empirical modeling, and the site estimated by 3-PG showed values close to the average estimated by site traditional model. The FR parameter on soil fertility, showed good relationship with the classification of production sites, and further studies to improve the accuracy in the classification of sites indexes. The 3-PG model can make accurate estimates of dendrometric variables, showing an important tool for evaluating areas with fitness for forest production, considering the effect of environmental and climate variables in the growth of trees. The procedural modeling can be used together with empirical tools to assess the growth and production of forest plantations on different management activities and in the future producing areas. / Plantios comerciais de Eucalyptus tem aumentado no Brasil, principalmente no estado de Minas Gerais. A avalia??o dos efeitos das vari?veis ed?ficas e clim?ticas sobre o crescimento das ?rvores torna-se ferramenta importante para otimizar as atividades de manejo. Nessa perspectiva, esse trabalho tem por objetivo ajustar e parametrizar o modelo 3-PG para regi?o Norte de Minas Gerais, utilizando dados de parcelas permanentes de invent?rio florestal, dados clim?ticos de esta??es climatol?gicas e dados oriundos de sensoriamento remoto. Esse estudo foi realizado em plantios comerciais do g?nero Eucalyptus no munic?pio de Bocai?va (MG). Para parametrizar os par?metros constante de rela??o entre DAP e altura (aH), pot?ncia de relacionamento entre DAP e altura (nHB), constante de relacionamento entre volume e DAP (aV) e pot?ncia de relacionamento entre volume e DAP (nVB) foram utilizados 2031 observa??es. O modelo 3-PG foi executado com par?metros sugeridos na bibliografia para regi?o e posteriormente executada com modifica??es nos par?metros mencionados anteriormente. Para avaliar o efeito da variabilidade clim?tica sobre o plantio, foram avaliadas as estimativas do modelo 3-PG alimentado com normais climatol?gicas e m?dias mensais e posteriormente analisado os efeitos dos moduladores ambientais fAS e fDPV sobre o crescimento do plantio. O banco de dados das normais climatol?gicas foram obtidas do INMET e a radia??o solar global foi obtido do modelo GL 1.2 para am?rica do sul. O banco de dados com m?dias mensais foi adquirido pelo INMET, sendo que a precipita??o foi obtida do sat?lite tropical TRMM e a radia??o solar global foi estimado pelo modelo proposto pela FAO 56. Posteriormente, foi avaliado a efici?ncia do modelo 3-PG em estimar o crescimento e produ??o do povoamento em rela??o as estimativas dos modelos emp?ricos, considerando o par?metro FR (Fertility Rating) como indicador da qualidade de s?tio. Por meio de an?lises estat?sticas foi observado melhora significativa da modelagem processual com a modifica??o dos par?metros sugeridos, indicando que os valores dessa parametriza??o podem ser utilizados para outros munic?pios dessa regi?o. As an?lises estat?sticas demonstram que houve redu??o da varia??o dos dados por meio do erro padr?o da estimativa (Syx%) e efici?ncia do modelo (EF) maior que 0,80 para as vari?veis DAP, Altura e Volume, indicando melhoria significativa nas estimativas do modelo. Comparando-se as estimavas das vari?veis dendrom?tricas com normais climatol?gicas e medias mensais, observa-se, pelos gr?ficos, que as estimativas foram semelhantes, sendo que as medias mensais apresentaram estimativas superiores. A an?lise estat?stica demonstra que as medias mensais foram mais pr?ximas aos dados observados, com Syx% 28 e EF de 0,82 para volume, enquanto que as normais climatol?gicas apresentaram Syx% de quase 60% e EF de 0,22. O modulador fAS apresentou maior restri??o no desenvolvimento das ?rvores, principalmente nos meses de julho, agosto e setembro. A modelagem processual apresentou estimativas de produ??o m?dia em rela??o a modelagem emp?rica, sendo que o s?tio estimado pelo 3-PG apresentou valores pr?ximos ao s?tio m?dio estimado pela modelam tradicional. O par?metro FR, relativo a fertilidade do solo, apresentou boa rela??o com a classifica??o de s?tios de produ??o, sendo necess?rios outros estudos para melhorar a acur?cia na classifica??o dos ?ndices de s?tios. O modelo 3-PG pode realizar estimativas precisas de vari?veis dendrom?tricas, mostrando-se ferramenta importante para avalia??o de ?reas com aptid?o para produ??o florestal, por considerar o efeito de vari?veis ambientais e clim?ticas no crescimento das ?rvores. A modelagem processual pode ser utilizada juntamente com ferramentas emp?ricas para avaliar o crescimento e produ??o de plantios florestais sobre diferentes atividades de manejo e tamb?m em ?reas futuramente produtoras.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-26T17:55:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Tha?s Gl?ucia Bueno Moreira.pdf: 292298 bytes, checksum: 71bdc650d433efc1801de110172240e0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-26T17:55:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Tha?s Gl?ucia Bueno Moreira.pdf: 292298 bytes, checksum: 71bdc650d433efc1801de110172240e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-13 / CAPES / This study aimed evaluating changes in the Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp) hay chemical composition under different urea doses and treatment periods. The study was carried out at the Forage and Pastures Sector, Animal Nutrition and Pastures Department, Animal Science Institute in Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica-RJ, Brazil between August and September 2013. Completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement of five (45% N) (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4% based on dry matter) commercial urea doses distributed in a split-plot at two periods (30 and 45 days) for the bags opening, with five replications each was employed. The ammoniated material was stored in (1 kg hay / bag) plastic bags, sealed and after opening, samples were collected for bromathological analysis. No dose effect, time and dose x time interaction for dry matter, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, acid detergent insoluble nitrogen, mineral matter, total carbohydrates, B2 fractions and carbohydrates fraction (P> 0.05) were reported. The variables crude protein, neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen and non-fibrous carbohydrates were influenced by urea doses. The ammoniation of Tifton 85 hay with urea at 1; 2; 3: 4% doses on dry matter might promote increases in crude protein and non-fibrous carbohydrates. However, cell wall constituents of the forage might not be altered, as well. / Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar as altera??es na composi??o bromatol?gica do feno de Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp) submetido a diferentes doses de ureia e per?odos de tratamento. O trabalho foi conduzido no setor de Forragicultura e Pastagens do Departamento de Nutri??o Animal e Pastagens do Instituto de Zootecnia, da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, no munic?pio de Serop?dica-RJ, entre os meses de agosto e setembro de 2013. O experimento foi conduzido segundo um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, sendo os tratamentos constitu?dos por cinco doses de ureia pecu?ria (45% de N) (0; 1; 2; 3 e 4% com base da MS) distribu?dos em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, contendo dois per?odos (30 e 45 dias) para a abertura dos sacos, com cinco repeti??es cada. O material amonizado foi armazenado em sacos pl?sticos (1 kg feno/saco), lacrados e, ap?s a abertura, foram coletadas amostras para an?lises bromatol?gicas. N?o houve efeito de dose, tempo e intera??o dose x tempo para as vari?veis de mat?ria seca, extrato et?reo, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ?cido, hemicelulose, celulose, lignina, nitrog?nio insol?vel em detergente ?cido, mat?ria mineral, carboidrato total, fra??es B2 e fra??o C de carboidratos (P>0,05). J? as vari?veis prote?na bruta, nitrog?nio insol?vel em detergente neutro e carboidrato n?o fibroso foram influenciados pelas doses de ureia. A amoniza??o de feno de tifton 85 com ureia nas doses 1; 2; 3 e 4% em base da MS promove incrementos nos teores de prote?na bruta e carboidrato n?o fibroso. Entretanto, n?o altera os constituintes da parede celular da forrageira.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-02-09T19:14:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Evandro Silva Pereira Costa.pdf: 2009437 bytes, checksum: cf64a3e8f7e3e004841a52c65f4c6626 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-09T19:14:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Evandro Silva Pereira Costa.pdf: 2009437 bytes, checksum: cf64a3e8f7e3e004841a52c65f4c6626 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-21 / CNPq / Defining methods of quantification of tomato late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is important to many researches about strategies of management of the disease. The aim of this present study was to assess and to validate the diagrammatic grading keys - Simplified, James-modified and Broad - and to determinate the possible correlations between the measures of severity and plants? physiological and nutritional state and biomass accumulation. Two simultaneous experiments were carried out: one in greenhouse and the other in field conditions. Two cultivars were studied in greenhouses, Super Sweet and ?Perinha ?gua Branca?, a resistant and a susceptible to late blight genotypes, respectively. The plants were inoculated or not with a sporangia suspension, and submitted to ten evaluations: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 17 and 24 days after inoculation. The avaliations were performed in the fifth oldest leaf, and eighth and eleventh leaves, by visual estimation of severity, using three diagrammatic grading keys, Simplified, Broad and James-modified, but also measuring photosynthetic potential (Fv/Fm), by chlorophyll ?a? fluorescence emission. In field conditions, four cultivars were evaluated ? ?Perinha ?gua Branca?, Super Sweet, Santa Clara and Carmen F1. Periodically, late blight severity was quantified using the same three grading keys in leaves of different plant parts, at 51, 62, 74, 94 and 102 days after transplant (DAT). At the day following each severity disease evaluation, one plant was harvested per plot to measure the accumulation of biomass and macronutrients of different plant organs. Fruit yield was determined by summing fruits harvested between 68 and 114 DAT. In greenhouse conditions, the estimative of late blight severity with the three diagrammatic grading keys proved to be adequate to the disease?s quantification, enabling the discrimination between inoculation effects and differences between the cultivars in four and in nine days after inoculation, respectively, which were confirmed by measures of the photosynthetic potential of the leaves. In field conditions, the diagrammatic grading keys Simplified and Broad were more adequate to tomato late blight quantification. Quantifications in the youngest leaves, in the medium and superior third part of the plant, were the most representative of the disease progress and also discriminated the cultivars regarding disease resistance. Negative correlations were observed between severity, estimated with the three grading keys considering the whole plant and its medium third part, and leaf dry mass and leaf concentrations of K and P. The cultivar ?Perinha ?gua Branca? showed the lowest stem and leaf dry mass at the beginning of plant evaluations, and also late fruit yield, but had the higher stem and leaf mass and at the end of the experiment. The cultivar Perinha ?gua Branca and the hybrid Carmen F1 had higher commercial fruit yield. Based in the results, it is recommended the use of Simplified diagrammatic grading key and evaluations in the medium or superior tomato third to quantify the late blight disease. / A defini??o de m?todos de quantifica??o da requeima no tomateiro, causada por Phytophthora infestans, ? importante para v?rias pesquisas sobre estrat?gias de manejo da doen?a. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo aferir e validar as escalas diagram?ticas, Simplificada, James-modificada e Detalhada e determinar as poss?veis correla??es entre as medidas de severidade e o estado fisiol?gico e nutricional da planta e o ac?mulo de biomassa. Realizaram-se dois experimentos simult?neos, um sob condi??es de ambiente protegido e o outro sob condi??es de campo. Em casa de vegeta??o, utilizaram-se duas cultivares de tomate cereja, ?Perinha ?gua Branca? e Super Sweet, suscet?vel e resistente ? requeima, respectivamente. As plantas foram inoculadas ou n?o com suspens?o de espor?ngios de P. infestans e em seguida, avaliadas aos 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 17 e 24 dias ap?s a inocula??o. As avalia??es foram feitas na quinta, oitava e d?cima primeira folha, contadas do ?pice para a base, usando as tr?s escalas acima citadas e medi??es do potencial fotossint?tico (Fv/Fm) pela emiss?o da clorofila ?a?. No campo, utilizaram-se quatro cultivares, ?Perinha ?gua Branca?, Super Sweet, Santa Clara e Carmen F1. Periodicamente, quantificou-se a severidade da requeima utilizando-se as mesmas escalas acima citadas em folhas de diferentes partes da planta, aos 51, 62, 74, 94 e 102 dias ap?s o transplante (DAT). No dia seguinte a cada avalia??o de severidade, foi coletada uma planta por parcela para mensurar o ac?mulo de biomassa e de macronutrientes nos diferentes ?rg?os da planta. A produ??o de frutos foi determinada pelo somat?rio das colheitas realizadas entre 68 e 114 DAT. Em condi??es de casa de vegeta??o, a estimativa da severidade da requeima com as tr?s escalas se mostrou adequada para quantifica??o da doen?a tendo permitido discriminar efeito de inocula??o e diferen?as entre as cultivares aos quatro e nove dias ap?s a inocula??o, respectivamente, que foram confirmadas pelas medidas do potencial fotossint?tico das folhas. Em condi??es de campo, as escalas Simplificada e Detalhada, foram mais adequadas para a quantifica??o da requeima do tomateiro. Quantifica??es feitas nas folhas mais jovens, no ter?o m?dio e superior da planta, foram as que melhor representaram o progresso da doen?a e discriminaram as cultivares quanto a resist?ncia ? doen?a. Observaram-se correla??es negativas entre a severidade, estimada com as tr?s escalas, considerando a planta inteira e o ter?o m?dio, e a massa seca de folhas e os teores foliares de K e P nas quatro cultivares. A cultivar ?Perinha ?gua Branca? apresentou menor massa seca de caule e de folha no in?cio das avalia??es e produ??o de frutos mais tardia, por?m ao final do ciclo destacou-se pela maior massa seca de caule e de folha. A cultivar ?Perinha ?gua Branca? e o h?brido Carmen F1 apresentaram maior produ??o de frutos comerciais. Com base nos resultados pode-se recomendar o uso da escala simplificada e avalia??es no te?o m?dio ou superior do tomateiro para quantifica??o da requeima.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-02-13T16:32:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - S?rgio Fernandes Ferreira.pdf: 1126904 bytes, checksum: 4e0c93c1821e20d4f3f327740768c373 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-13T16:32:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - S?rgio Fernandes Ferreira.pdf: 1126904 bytes, checksum: 4e0c93c1821e20d4f3f327740768c373 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-20 / CAPES / This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of proteic-energetic supplementation for Nellore x Red Angus steers raised on tropical pastures (Braquiaria mutica) during the wet season. Thirty two steers were used to form 4 groups containing 8 steers each. The experimental treatments were: (1) control (pasture + commercial mineral mix), (2) concentrate (pasture + a concentrate ration, formulated to ensure a gain of 1.10 kg/day), and (3) proteic-energetic supplement containing corn (SCC plus pasture) or (4) wheat midillings (SCW + pasture). The daily weight gain, supplement intake, income over feed costs and the frequency of trough access were measured. The supplement intake was 0.076, 2.77, 0.74 and 0.86 kg/steer/day for the control, concentrate, SCC and SCW group, respectively. There were no differences in the daily weight gain between the 4 groups; the animals that received SCC had the highest gains over feed costs, and the group concentrate had the lowest one. Proteic-energetic supplementation during the wet season can, numerically, improve the daily weight gain, but this nutritional strategic must be done with caution to avoid economic losses. / O presente experimento foi conduzido com o prop?sito de avaliar o efeito de diferentes suplementos prot?ico-energ?ticos sobre o desempenho de novilhos mesti?os F1 Nelore-Red Angus, manejados em pastagem durante o per?odo das ?guas. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Coqueiral de Macab?, localizada na cidade de Anchieta ? Espirito Santo, no per?odo de janeiro a maio de 2007. Os tratamentos consistiram em 4 esquemas de suplementa??o (controle ? suplemento mineral comercial, ra??o, fub? e farelo de trigo), onde utilizou-se 8 novilhos por tratamento. Os animais foram criados em sistema de lota??o continua, recebendo seu respectivo tratamento, ?gua e sendo pesados a cada 28 dias. As vari?veis estudadas foram: consumo, freq??ncia de acesso ao bebedouro, ganho de peso di?rio e a receita menos custo de alimenta??o (RMCA). O consumo estimado dos tratamentos experimentais foi 0,076, 2,77, 0,74 e 0,86 kg/animal/dia para os grupos controle, ra??o, fub? e f. trigo, respectivamente. N?o houve diferen?a significativa (P>0,05) entre os ganhos de peso di?rio (em kg/animal/dia) dos grupos controle (0,67), fub? (0,95) e f. Trigo (0,78); entretanto, o desempenho dos animais do grupo ra??o (1,18) foi similar aos do grupo fub? e superior aos do grupo controle e f. trigo. A an?lise financeira dos tratamentos experimentais mostra que o grupo fub? foi o que resultou na maior RMCA, seguido do grupo controle e f. trigo. O tratamento ra??o (2,77 kg/dia) foi o que resultou na menor RMCA. O grupo controle teve menor freq??ncia de acesso ao bebedouro em rela??o aos demais grupos; o grupo fub? e o grupo f. trigo tiveram comportamento similar, sendo que os animais tiveram tr?s hor?rios di?rios de maior freq??ncia de acesso ao bebedouro; os animais do grupo ra??o tiveram maior porcentagem e distribui??o de freq??ncia de acesso ao bebedouro ao longo do dia. A suplementa??o prot?ico-energ?tica para novilhos no per?odo das ?guas promove maiores ganhos di?rios de peso, e conseq?entemente, maiores desempenhos em termos de peso vivo total; por?m, dependo da remunera??o da arroba e do consumo do suplemento prot?ico-energ?tico, essa estrat?gia pode n?o surtir efeito econ?mico positivo, quando comparado ao grupo controle; isto ?, aquele criado apenas em pastagens de boa qualidade e recebendo apenas suplementa??o mineral adequada.