This paper measures the channels by which private information is incorporated in prices in the equity and option markets. Using a mispricing events approach and conditioning on the option market being the cause of the mispricing event, I analyse the subsequent behaviour of both the options and equity markets and I find that options markets play an important role in the price discovery process. When conditioning on option caused mispricing events, the equity price adjusts towards the options price to reconcile the prices. I find that around 40% of the option caused mispricing events contain information, and the equity prices adjust 35-40%, depending on the exchange, of the maximum discrepancy before prices reconcile. When the equity market causes the mispricing, the option market follows due to the autoquote mechanism. Additionally, I use Monte Carlo to assess the suitability of the Hasbrouck (1995) Information Share and Gonzalo-Granger (1995) Component Share measures in the option-equity context. I find that neither metric is suitable, however the Putnins (2013) Information Leadership metric is and the options market has on average a 35% information leadership share.

Undersökningens utgångspunkt ligger i interoperabiliteten mellan den svenska planeringsmodellen, PUT och den norska planeringsmodellen, PBP. Arbetet syftar till att undersöka om ett samarbete i en stab på taktisk nivå går att realisera, utan nämnvärd utbildning. Bakgrunden till arbetet ligger i grunden i propositionen ett användbart försvar där riktlinjerna visar på att svenska försvarsmakten ska verka och samarbeta med andra nationer och organisationer där fokus ligger på det nordiska samarbetet. Planering är den viktigaste faktorn vid all verksamhet och således en grundläggande faktor för ett väletablerat samarbete. Metoden som används i undersökningen är en teorikonsumerande metod, där en teori om interoperabilitet ska bidra till att analysera interoperabiliteten i modellerna. Genom teorin har variablar identifierats och blivit utgångspunkten för det empiriska materialet. Det empiriska materialet renderar i en jämförandeanalys mellan planeringsmodellerna som syftar till att svara på frågeställningarna i arbetet. Slutsatserna som dragits av undersökningen är att planeringsmodellerna inte är tillräckligt interoperabla med varandra för att i dagsläget realisera ett samarbete i en taktisk stab. Dock finns det en bra grund att stå på för ett vidare arbete mot en full interoperabilitet. Norge är sedan tidigare ett medlemsland i Nato och Sverige är med i partnerskap för fred. Det ligger i Sveriges intresse att även bli interoperabla med fler organisationer, således torde Sverige anpassa sig till den norska modellen, då den är influerad av Nato.

ArcGIS är ett geografiskt informationssystem (GIS) som finns tillgängligt i bataljonsstaber. Föreliggande arbete genomför en analys av vad som krävs för nyttjande av ArcGIS i en bataljonsstab vid PUT-bedömande och vilka förutsättningar som finns för det utifrån Handbok geosupport. Uppsatsens resultat visar att det som krävs för nyttjande av ArcGIS i en bataljonsstab vid PUT-bedömanden till del återfinns i Handbok geosupport. Förutsättningarna som finns utgörs främst av rutiner för dataflöde. De förutsättningar som saknas utgörs huvudsakligen av brister i utbildningen av personal samt brister i resurser avsatta för arbete med ArcGIS i bataljonsstaber. / ArcGIS is a geographic information system (GIS) that is possible to use as atechnical support system in military decision making and planning.In this work an analysis is performed to state what is needed to use ArcGIS in militarydecision making and planning. More specifically in the Swedish planning model “planningduring pressure of time” at battalion level.The result indicates that what is needed to use ArcGIS at battalion level in parts are found inthe handbook about geosupport in the Swedish Armed Forces. The prerequisite existing isprimarily routines in managing data. The prerequisite missing is generally personnel that areeducated to work with ArcGIS and its tools.

The purpose of this study was to measure the change in joint energy of the hip,knee and ankle of the right and left leg, in the sagittal plane during the delivery phase of the rotational shot put. We hypothesized that (1) throwers who produced a greater total hip energy change would have greater horizontal displacement and (2) throwers who produced a higher ratio of hip energy, in each leg independently, would produce greater horizontal displacement. Subjects (n = 8) must have been right-handed, collegiate or post collegiate level throwers trained in the rotational technique. Vicon Nexus System (Denver, CO, USA) used six MX13+, two F20, two T20 cameras recorded at 240 Hz, and the body Plug-in Gait model to track the body position during each trial. Two AMTI force plates (OR-6, Watertown, MA, USA) were used for collecting ground reaction force data at 960 Hz. A linear regression analysis was performed to determine a relationship between total hip energy change and horizontal displacement. A mixed model regression was used to determine any correlation between horizontal distance and left and right energy change ratios. Athletes who produced a greater total hip energy change had the greatest horizontal displacement (p = .022). Also throwers who produced a higher ratio of left hip energy change to total left leg energy produced the greatest horizontal displacement (p = .02). The ratio of right hip energy change to right leg energy change was found to not be significant to horizontal displacement (p = .955). We feel the findings on the left leg energy change are an attempt by the athlete to both accelerate the shot put as well as stop the rotational progression to allow the athlete to complete a fair throw. The athlete extending both the right and the left hip rapidly during the delivery phase can help explain the combined right and left hip energy change. This action accelerates the ball in a proximal-distal sequence, which allows athletes to reach high final shot put velocities. The higher the final velocity on the shot put positively correlates with the horizontal displacement.

2024 / Scientists in academia as well as pharmaceutical companies have been devoting numerous research efforts towards green chemistry since the establishment of the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990. The overarching goal of green chemistry is to incorporate environmentally benign reaction design into routine and novel synthesis in order to minimize the use of toxic substances and waste while maximizing the overall efficiency of reaction processes. Both projects reported here encompass the idea of sustainability and productivity. High-throughput screening (HTS) and high-throughput experimentation (HTE) has been widely used in the field of biochemistry to rapidly identify pharmacological targets. However, this method has been underused in organic chemistry due to the complexity of reaction design, strain in reagent handling, as well as the difficulty of data analysis and structure determination. Utilization of HTE in organic chemistry can increase the output of chemists and decrease wastes. A well-designed chemical HTE platform has the potential to generate enormous volumes of empirical standardized data that not only could be used for reaction optimization, but also readily integrated into a near-AI computational system in the future for reaction model prediction and discovery. A functional screening and analysis platform was developed to investigate the Petasis Borono-mannich reaction space and to explore possible novel reactivities. Using this system, more than 3000 distinctive microscale reactions were processed in under 6 months with 74% accuracy. By triaging the IR results, we prioritized time and efforts on analyzing and reproducing reactions with moderate to excellent yields. This helped to identify previously unknown reactivities, allowing for reproduction of novel reactions at bench scales, as well as furthering mechanistic studies of uncommon reaction partners such as thiophenol and pyrone. This preliminary success suggests that this platform could be transferable to other multicomponent reactions such as the Suzuki cross-couplings and Buchwald-Hartwig aminations. With deepened understanding of reagent selection and stereoselectivity of the catalyzed Petasis reactions from the HTS platform, we examined the possibility of electrochemical enzymatic catalysis. Galactose oxidase is known to selectively eliminate the pro-S hydrogen during oxidation of alcohol reagents due to the steric constraints of the active site. Electrochemistry tend to feature mild reaction conditions and fast turn over, while enzymatic catalysis is economical and nontoxic. By combining these two methods, a mild, diastereoselective oxidation could be achieved to provide the aldehyde component in the highly enantioselective, transition-metal-free Petasis reaction.

Diplomová práce pojednává o problematice měnových opcí. Zaměřuje se na jejich charakteristiku, vlastnosti a metody oceňování. Dále jsou zde uvedeny některé opční strategie a též i nejdůležitější exotické opce.

Over 22 billion derivative contracts were traded on different stock exchanges globally during the year 2010 of which almost 50% were futures while the remaining 50% were options. An overall 25% increase in such contracts was registered as compared to those traded in the year 2009 (International Options Market Association (IOMA) Report, 2011).Investors often use a wide array of trading tools, market indicators and market trading strategies to get the best possible returns for the money that was invested. The main objective of this paper is to focus on the use of market sentiment indicators, specifically the Put-Call Ratio (PCR) as a predictor of returns for an investor.The Put-Call Ratio is defined as a ratio of the trading volume of put options to call options. It is called a sentiment indicator because it measures the “feelings” of option traders. Additionally, it has longed been viewed as an indicator of investors’ sentiment in the market (Put-Call Ratio, 2012) and is possibly the most favoured description of market psychology (James, 2011). / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

Risk ligger i tiden och har blivit ett naturligt språk för det militära etablissemanget, med det följer även frågor om språkliga definitioner, divergerande bedömningar och tillämpningar av olika metoder för att hantera risk.Uppsatsen undersöker hur risk och riskhantering representeras på olika militära ledningsnivåer och på vilket sätt riskhantering omhändertas i planeringsmodeller dessa nivåer. Resultatet visar att risk och riskhantering på olika ledningsnivåer i Försvarsmakten kan förstås som komplex och varierad i sin medvetenhet i tillämpning av begrepp, processer och metoder. Skillnaderna mellan ledningsnivåerna är att risk inte definieras fullt ut och att risk definieras olika på olika nivåer och används med varierande innebörd. Riskhantering definieras på strategisk nivå, men inte på någon av de övriga ledningsnivåerna. Riskhanteringsprocessen beskrivs bara på den taktiska ledningsnivån. Det finns en uttalad medvetenhet om att risker måste tas och att risker måste hanteras i olika metoder, men det ges endast begränsad vägledning i planeringsverktygen SPL och PUT, när riskhantering ska omsättas i praktiken.

Syftet med studien är att analysera hur de professionella på HVB-hem och skola beskriver samverkan mellan myndigheter gällande integration av ensamkommande barn i samhället. Studien är kvalitativ där sex intervjuer har genomförts. Tre stycken intervjuer gjordes på tre olika skolor och tre olika HVB-hem. Resultatet som framgår analyseras med hjälp av en tematisk analysmetod där resultatet delas in i olika huvudteman och underteman. Resultatet visar att samverkan mellan de involverade myndigheterna i stora drag fungerar bra men att det fortfarande finns negativa aspekter att jobba med. De ensamkommande barnen är i behov att känna sig välkomna för att en god integration skall ske. Studiens slutsats visar bland annat att en gynnsam integration inte endast innefattar en bra samverkansprocess mellan tidigare nämna aktörer. Informanterna menar att det har också att göra med att hela kommunen, alla dess medborgare, föreningar och ideella föreningar måste vara delaktiga för att generera en framgångsrik integration.

Title Training and performance of a shot put thrower Aim of study The aim of study was to analyze performance development of shot put thrower Pavlína Radová in a five-year period. Analysis was focused on connection between the dynamics of athletic performance and the effect of training load during each of the two training cycles 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. Methods In this thesis, we used auto-analysis and comparison. Data for analysis of training load and performance development were obtained from the training diaries of the years 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. Results Sports performance development was majorly affected by character of training load and mental condition of the athlete in each yearly training cycle. Poorly chosen training load and insufficient regeneration lead to stagnation or decline in physical performance. Individual approach of the coach and his communication with trainee is very important. Key words Sports training, shot put, performance, analysis, training load