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no / This study discusses the experiences of women who participated in a program for partner-violent women by understanding their views of the treatment process, outcomes and the meanings they attached to it. This study followed a Husserlian descriptive phenomenology. Interviews were conducted with seven English women who used physical intimate partner violence in heterosexual relationships. The data were analyzed using by the method developed by Colaizzi (1978). The qualitative findings suggest the women experienced the treatment as positive and meaningful and experienced personal transformations. Deeper analysis of the data, showed that there were two key areas of benefit to the women, one involving the connections and bonds formed with other women in the group and the facilitators, and the second including the skills and strategies the women learned for managing anger and negative emotions.

Studien har som syfte att undersöka vad som hindrar och möjliggör upptäckt av våldsutövare i arbetet med ekonomiskt bistånd och våld i nära relationer inom socialtjänsten. Studien baseras på kvalitativa, semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta yrkesverksamma handläggare inom dessa två områden. Empirin analyseras utifrån Lispkys teori om gräsrotsbyråkraten samt Losekes socialkonstruktionistiska teori om sociala problem. Till det läggs perspektiv från Weiner om attribution samt Christies teori om det ideala offret. Studien visar att handläggare över lag är positiva till att arbeta med upptäckt av våldsutövare, även om detta släpar efter i relation till ett mer väletablerat arbete med upptäckt av våldsutsatta. Kunskapen om upptäckt utgår därför från den utsatta, och anpassade rutiner och verktyg saknas ännu i stor utsträckning för upptäckt av utövare. Möjligheter till upptäckt finns i ökad kunskap, systematiskt frågande och ett gott bemötande. Bemötandets möjligheter finns i en tillitsfull relation mellan handläggare och klient, där det kan skapas utrymme för självreflektion och öppenhet. För detta krävs också en helhetssyn för att inte missa signaler som tyder på våld. Synen på våldsutövaren är dubbel. Å ena sidan beskrivs en förändringsbar individ som på grund av omständigheter utanför dennes kontroll har drivits till att använda våld. Parallellt med denna bild målas en manipulativ person, driven av vilja till makt och kontroll. Båda är ovilliga att be om och ta emot stöd och hjälp. I förhållande till den tudelade bilden av våldsutövaren går även att skönja ett dubbelt förhållningssätt där handläggaren på ett teoretiskt plan understryker våldsutövarens behov av stöd till förändring samtidigt som man i praktiken känner ett motstånd och en ovilja att hjälpa en förövare. / This study aimes to investigate what hinders and enables the detection of perpetrators of violence in the work with economic assistance and domestic violence within social services. The study is based on qualitative, semi-structured interviews with eight professionals working in these two areas. The empirical data were analyzed using Lipsky’s theory of street-level bureaucracy and Loseke’s social constructionist theory of social problems. Additionally, perspectives from Weiner on attribution and Christie on the ideal victim were incorporated. The study shows that caseworkers are generally positive about working with the detection of perpetrators of violence, even though this work lags compared to the more well-established work on detecting victims of violence. Knowledge about detection is therefore based on working with the victims, and adapted routines and tools are still largely lacking for the detection of perpetrators. Opportunities for detection of perpetration of violence lie in increased knowledge, systematic questions, and positive engagement. Positive engagement creates opportunities through a trusting relationship between the caseworker and the client, where space can be created for self-reflection and openness. This also requires a holistic view not to miss signals indicating violence. The view of the perpetrator is dual. On the one hand, a changeable individual is described, who due to circumstances beyond his control has been driven to use violence. Alongside this image, a manipulative person driven by a desire for power and control is portrayed. Both are unwilling to ask for and receive support and help. In relation to the dual image of the nature of the perpetrator, a dual approach can also be discerned, where the caseworker theoretically emphasizes the perpetrator’s need for support to change while in practice feeling resistance and reluctance to help a perpetrator.

In this phenomenographic study of social workers’ experiences regarding working with perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV), three focus areas were covered; causes of the use of violence in IPV relationships, effective strategies in the work with perpetrators of IPV, and the perpetrators’ justification of their use of violence in their intimate partner relationships. The experiences regarding causes of use of violence in intimate partner relationships comprised own experiences of abuse from IPV, mental health causes, toxic masculinity, and childhood negligence. These described causes were connected to a structural perspective, a structural societal perspective, a social psychologic perspective, and an individual psychologic perspective. The experiences regarding effective strategies in the work with perpetrators of IPV comprised the establishment of a good work alliance with the perpetrator, to acknowledge the perpetrator’s person, and to promote the perpetrator’s full undertaking of the responsibility for the violence. Lastly, the experiences regarding the perpetrators’ justification of their use of violence in their intimate partner relationships comprised shifting of the responsibility for the violence, impuissance, and an undertaking of the responsibility for the violence. The justification of the violence was connected to how the perpetrators did not want to identify themselves as perpetrators of IPV. / I denna fenomenografiska studie av socialarbetares uppfattning om arbetet med utövare av våld i nära relation speglas tre områden; orsaker bakom våldsutövande, verksamma strategier i arbetet med våldsutövare samt våldsutövares rättfärdigande av sitt våldsutövande. Uppfattningarna kring orsaker bakom våldsutövare innefattade erfarenheter av våldsutsatthet, påverkan av psykisk ohälsa, maskulinitetsfällan och försummelse i barndomen. Rötterna till dessa orsaksförklaringar kunde ses i kopplingar till strukturellt perspektiv, strukturellt samhällsperspektiv, socialpsykologiskt perspektiv samt individualpsykologiskt perspektiv. De uppfattningar som lyftes gällande strategier informanterna har i arbetet med våldsutövare innefattade en betoning av att etablera en god arbetsrelation med våldsutövaren, att bekräfta våldsutövaren som person och att främja ansvarstagande. Informanterna beskrev en balansgång där etablerande av en tillitsfull allians med våldsutövaren är avgörande, samtidigt som det är av största vikt att lyckas förhålla sig fördömande gentemot de handlingar våldsutövaren utfört. Slutligen handlade uppfattningarna bland informanterna kring våldsutövarnas rättfärdigande av sitt våldsanvändande om ansvarsförskjutning, maktlöshet samt ansvarstagande återspeglas. Våldsutövarna tenderade enligt informanterna att förlägga ansvaret utanför sig själva och uttrycka en upplevelse av maktlöshet inför det egna våldsutövandet. Informanternas uppfattningar uttryckte att våldsutövarnas rättfärdigande var ett tecken på det starka motstånd de bar mot att acceptera sig själva som våldsutövare.

The study provided a general orientation of crimes against children in South Africa to buttress the rationale of the research. A concise definition of crime, child, child abuse, sexual child abuse, physical child abuse, victims and perpetrators of sexual crimes against children. The research described the various forms of crimes against children in Guateng, the causes and explanations. An interpretation of the empirical study was provided in this research. It focussed on the perpetrators and victims of child sex crimes. The types of offenders, the motives and theoretical explanations of their behaviour. The modus operandi of the perpetrators found in the empirical study. The various characteristics of victims and perpetrators, the legal processes in the adjudication of child sexual offenders. The research examined some of the prevention strategies of child sexual crimes. Findings of the empirical research are provided. / Criminology / M.A. (Criminology)

The scientific study of child abuse and infanticide is a relatively young practice in the field of medicine, psychiatry and psychology, and although the role of parents in child homicide has been studied, minimal research has focused on the role of the male paramour, or the child's mother's boyfriend, as the perpetrator of child homicides. This study aimed to examine the differences between male paramours and biological fathers who kill children and hypothesized that biological fathers or step-fathers are significantly more likely than the child's mother's male paramour to kill their children due to relationship factors between the perpetrator and the child's mother, specifically and for the purpose of this study in the context of domestic violence. Child homicides committed by male paramours, in comparison, are more likely to have resulted from factors that are individually or child-centered. Decedent children ages 0-17 that were killed at the hands of their biological father, male-stepfather, or biological mother's male paramours between the years 1999 through 2005 in Miami-Dade County were be studied. The age of the perpetrators and child victims killed by the two groups were compared using an independent samples t-test, with a significance level set at .05. The two groups of male perpetrators were compared on prior domestic violence histories, prior criminal histories, evidence of prior trauma to the child, and perpetration of multiple homicide and post-incident suicide using a chi-square test, with a significance level set of .05. Significant differences were found between the two groups. Specifically, paramours are significantly more likely to be younger than biological fathers and children killed by paramours are more likely to evidence prior trauma. Further, biological fathers are significantly more likely to have a history of domestic violence, as a perpetrator, engage in multiple killings, and commit suicide after perpetrating the child death. The study demonstrates the need for prevention resources to target the two groups differently, to be most effective in prevention. The study also demonstrates the need for more extensive research comparing differences child homicide versus child abuse and in those that perpetrate the two. Lastly, it should inform public policy and the law and how these are applied to cases of domestic violence and child welfare.

Submitted by Angela Maria de Oliveira (amolivei@uepg.br) on 2018-05-09T19:13:29Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Luana Marcia.pdf: 2089830 bytes, checksum: 0971ca238259c4c695c9678d12fbfe48 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-09T19:13:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Luana Marcia.pdf: 2089830 bytes, checksum: 0971ca238259c4c695c9678d12fbfe48 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-27 / Este trabalho visa estudar o processo de construção de identidades e masculinidades de homens que praticaram violência de gênero contra mulher, foram condenados judicialmente e obrigados a cumprir a pena imposta, junto aos grupos de reflexão, reeducação e ressocialização de autores de violência, denominado Projeto Basta. A pesquisa aqui delineada busca compreender em que medida a complexidade e as mudanças da vida moderna podem contribuir para a ocorrência de violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher. A pesquisa é de cunho quanti-qualitativo, com a utilização de entrevistas semiestruturadas como instrumento de coleta de dados. O estudo conta ainda com a utilização de fonte documental consistente na análise dos processos judiciais que tramitaram perante a Vara de Violência Doméstica e Familiar contra a Mulher, em razão de que estes autos contêm dados sobre: fato delituoso que foi imputado ao sujeito; depoimento da vítima, depoimento do autor, provas, sentença, além de informações sobre antecedentes criminais, portanto, elementos que situam o sujeito da pesquisa. Os sujeitos são autores de violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher, que estão inseridos em grupos reflexivos no Paraná. No que diz respeito ao locus da pesquisa, será realizado em âmbito do Estado do Paraná, tendo em vista que a Lei n°11.340/2006, conhecida como Lei Maria da Penha, nos artigos 35° e 45°, prescreve o comparecimento dos autores de violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher a programas de recuperação e reeducação. No Estado do Paraná, os grupos reflexivos são de competência dos Patronatos, órgãos de execução penal em meio aberto cujo objetivo é promover ações de inclusão social dos assistidos através do monitoramento, fiscalização e acompanhamento do cumprimento de pena ou medida alternativa em meio aberto (artigos 78 e 79 da Lei nº 7.210/84). As atividades com homens autores de violência são realizadas por meio do Projeto Basta, ambiente em que a pesquisa foi realizada, nas comarcas de Guarapuava, Jacarezinho, Maringá, Londrina e Paranavaí. A pesquisa revela que as mudanças decorrentes da modernidade sobre os novos papéis assumidos pela mulher no espaço laboral, aliadas a alterações a respeito da percepção de família e relacionamentos, têm produzido reflexos nas identidades masculinas, que em muitas situações são expressas mediante a violência doméstica e familiar. / This paper aims to study the process of constructing identities and masculinities of men who practiced gender violence against women, which were inserted in reflective reeducation and resocialization groups of the violence perpetrator through Basta Project after they were judicially condemned and obliged to serve their imposed time. The research here delineated seeks to understand the complexity of modern life, the tensions in masculine identities, those that contribute to the occurrence of domestic and family violence against women. The research is qualitative, with the use of semi-structured interviews as a tool for data collection. The study is also based on the use of document sources as Laws and Regulations, as well as the analysis of the legal proceedings which were analyzed at the Domestic and Family Violence Court against women, since that these processes contain data on which crime were imputed to the subject; testimony of the victim (s), testimony of the perpetrator, evidence, sentence, in addition to criminal background information, therefore, elements that situate the research subject. The men are the perpetrators of domestic and family violence against women, who are inserted in reflective groups in Paraná. Regarding the locus of the research, it was carried out, considering that Law n°11.340/2006 known as Maria da Penha Law, in articles n°35 and n°45 which prescribes the attendance of the domestic and family violence perpetrators against women to recovery and re-education programs. The reflective groups are the responsibility of the Patronages that are agencies of criminal execution in opened conditions which aims to promote actions of social inclusion of the assisted ones through their monitoring, supervision as well as the fulfillment of judicial sentence or alternative measure in opened conditions. (articles n°78 and n°79 of Law n° 7.210/84). The Patronages develop their activities with perpetrators of violence through Basta Project in districts of Paraná State such as Guarapuava, Jacarezinho, Maringá, Londrina e Paranavaí. The research revealed the changes resulting from modernity, on the new roles assumed by women in the workplace as well as the changes in relation to perception of family and relationships which have produced difficulties in male identities, which in many situations are expressed through domestic and family violence.

The study provided a general orientation of crimes against children in South Africa to buttress the rationale of the research. A concise definition of crime, child, child abuse, sexual child abuse, physical child abuse, victims and perpetrators of sexual crimes against children. The research described the various forms of crimes against children in Guateng, the causes and explanations. An interpretation of the empirical study was provided in this research. It focussed on the perpetrators and victims of child sex crimes. The types of offenders, the motives and theoretical explanations of their behaviour. The modus operandi of the perpetrators found in the empirical study. The various characteristics of victims and perpetrators, the legal processes in the adjudication of child sexual offenders. The research examined some of the prevention strategies of child sexual crimes. Findings of the empirical research are provided. / Criminology and Security Science / M.A. (Criminology)

Magister Legum - LLM