Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-05-03T21:21:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Ronandry dos Santos Jardim.pdf: 1388007 bytes, checksum: afd505b9cd8923ab58f1ee181aba3393 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-03T21:21:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Ronandry dos Santos Jardim.pdf: 1388007 bytes, checksum: afd505b9cd8923ab58f1ee181aba3393 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-18 / This work deals with how the technology of phytotherapeutic use can be effective in combating bovine ticks as a means of demonstrating how the research can be used to construct a meaningful knowledge, theoretically supporting the conception of research as an educational principle of Demo (2011) and meaningful learning, Ausubel (1982). It was highlighted the diffusion of this technology among the students of the course and community in general. The objective of this study is to evaluate the contribution of the use of an alternative to control the bovine tick, as a teaching method in students' learning, about the importance, use and diffusion of the phytotherapic in tick control. For the development of this work, the research-action modality according to Kemmis and MC Taggart, (1988) was used methodologically and the qualitative approach in the experiments in the laboratory by means of visualization of the effectiveness of the phytotherapic for test of efficiency and the hatchability of the Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus teleglion eggs similar to the work developed by Heimerdinger (2005). Also, in the reading of the data this study is inserted in the qualitative approach having as a technique for data analysis the content analysis Laurence Bardin (2009). The subjects of the research were three students from the Agricultural Technical Course Integrated to the High School of the IFPA / CRMB who effectively participated in the researches in the laboratory and in the field, and 30 students of the same course who participated in the diffusion of the knowledge in the classroom. This study demonstrated that the use of research as an educational principle aroused the interest of as many students directly involved in the research as of students in the classroom, thus producing a significant knowledge for these students. / Este trabalho trata sobre como a tecnologia do uso do fitoter?pico pode ser eficaz no combate ao carrapato bovino, como meio de demonstrar como a pesquisa pode ser utilizada para constru??o de um conhecimento significativo, respaldando-se teoricamente na concep??o de pesquisa como princ?pio educativo de Demo (2011) e aprendizagem significativa, Ausubel (1982). Teve como ponto de destaque a difus?o desta tecnologia entre os educandos do curso e comunidade em geral. Apresenta como objetivo avaliar as contribui??es do uso de uma alternativa para controle do carrapato bovino, como m?todo did?tico na aprendizagem dos estudantes, sobre a import?ncia, uso e difus?o do fitoter?pico no controle de carrapato. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho utilizou-se metodologicamente a modalidade de pesquisa-a??o de acordo com Kemmis e MC Taggart, (1988) e a abordagem qualitativa nos experimentos no laborat?rio por meio de visualiza??o da efic?cia do fitoter?pico para teste de efici?ncia e a eclodibilidade dos ovos de tele?gina de Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus semelhante ao trabalho desenvolvido por Heimerdinger (2005). E ainda, na leitura dos dados este estudo se insere na abordagem qualitativa tendo como t?cnica para an?lise dos dados a an?lise dos conte?dos Laurence Bardin (2009). Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram tr?s alunos do curso T?cnico em Agropecu?ria Integrada ao Ensino M?dio do IFPA/CRMB que participaram efetivamente das pesquisas em laborat?rio e em campo, e 30 alunos do mesmo curso que participaram da difus?o do conhecimento em sala de aula. Este estudo demonstrou que a utiliza??o da pesquisa como princ?pio educativo despertando o interesse tantos dos estudantes envolvidos diretamente na pesquisa, quanto dos estudantes em sala de aula, produzindo assim um conhecimento significativo para estes estudantes.

Tratamentos alternativos para a depressão humana vêm sendo realizados pela homeopatia e fitoterapia, por meio do Hypericum perforatum (Hp), dinamizado ou extrato, respectivamente. Experimentalmente, o desamparo aprendido é proposto como modelo animal de depressão, o que permite seu uso para o teste de substâncias potencialmente antidepressivas. Assim, foram realizados dois experimentos para verificar se o Hp em preparação homeopática e fitoterápica impediriam o desamparo aprendido em animais. No Experimento 1, foram utilizados 96 ratos Wistar, machos, distribuídos em doze grupos (n=8), expostos às fases choque e teste, separadas por 24h. Os grupos foram manipulados em tríades, tratados com choques (60, 1,0 mA, VT 60s, 10s máx.) controláveis (C), incontroláveis (I) ou nenhum choque (N). Após esse tratamento, as tríades receberam 5 gotas, v.o. de: Hp 30CH, Hp 200CH e 0CH (veículo - solução hidroalcóolica a 5%), três vezes, com intervalo de 0, 19 e 23h após o término da fase choque. A quarta tríade não recebeu substância (sd) e foi utilizada para comparação em ambos os experimentos. No teste, todos os sujeitos foram submetidos a uma contingência de fuga, com 30 choques, semelhantes aos anteriores, em uma shuttlebox. No Experimento 2, foram utilizados 72 ratos com as mesmas características, distribuídos em nove grupos (n=8). Os equipamentos foram os mesmos e o procedimento foi semelhante ao do Experimento 1, com diferença apenas na fase de administração da droga, sendo que cada tríade recebeu extrato de Hp i.p., 1ml/kg, nas doses: 0mg/kg (veículo - solução hidroalcóolica a 5%), 15 mg/kg e 30 mg/kg, 22 horas após o término da fase choque. Os resultados mostraram que apenas o Grupo I da Tríade sd apresentou desamparo aprendido. No Experimento 1, as substâncias não produziram efeito sobre os grupos N e C, enquanto os grupos I tiveram redução das latências, sendo o efeito mais significativo com Hp 200CH. O tratamento 0CH produziu uma pequena redução das latências gerais, embora não suficiente para abolir o desamparo. Os resultados do Experimento 2 mostraram que os grupos N e C não sofreram efeito das substâncias, enquanto os grupos I tiveram redução da suas latências, sendo o efeito maior com Hp 0 mg/kg. Esses resultados sugerem que o veículo não era farmacologicamente inerte, comprometendo os demais resultados do Hp. Conclui-se que os efeitos de tratamentos da homeopatia e fitoterapia precisam ser mais investigados para que uma afirmação da sua eficácia tenha mais confiabilidade. / Alternative treatments for the human depression have been conducted in the homeopathy and phytoterapy, through Hypericum perforatum (Hp), dynamized or extract, respectively. Experimentally, learned helplessness is proposed as an animal model of depression, which permits its use to test the effects of potential antidepressants. Two experiments were conducted to investigate whether Hp, either in homeophatic and or in phytotherapic preparation, can prevent the occurrence of learned helplessness in animals. In the Experiment 1, 96 male Wistar rats were divided into 12 groups (n=8) exposed to treatment and test phases, separated by 24 hours. Groups were divided into triads exposed to controllable shocks (C), uncontrollable shocks (I) or no shocks (N). After that, Hp was administered orally (five drops) to each triad in one of three dynamizations – 30CH, 200CH and 0CH (vehicle - hydroalcoholic solution 5%) – three times: 0, 19, and 23 hours after treatment with shocks. The fourth triad didn’t receive drug (sd) and it was used in both experiments. In the test phase, all the animals were exposed to an escape contingency in a shuttlebox. In the Experiment 2, 72 rats were divided into 9 groups (n=8). Equipments were the same and procedure was similar to Experiment 1, with the exception of drug administration. Extract of Hp was administered, i.p., 1 ml/kg, in one of three concentrations for each triad – 0 mg/kg (vehicle – hydroalcoholic solution 5%), 15 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg - 22 hours after treatment with shocks. Results showed that, among the groups that were not administered pharmacological treatment, only Group I did not learn to escape, an indication of learned helplessness. In Experiment 1, among the groups that were administered Hp in homeopathic preparation, groups N and C were not affected, while response latencies for groups I decreased, with a stronger effect with 200CH. Treatment with 0CH caused a small reduction of general latencies, although it wasn’t suficient to prevent helplessness. In Experiment 2, results showed that Hp in phytotherapic administration didn’t affect groups N and C, while the latencies of Group I were reduced, with a stronger effect with Hp 0mg/kg. These data suggest that the vehicle wasn’t inert pharmacologically, which casts doubt on the results that involved Hp. In conclusion, more studies will be necessary to attest the efficacy of homeopathic and phytotherapic treatment.

This thesis is about the contemporary challenges facing herbal medicine. Specifically it concerns the difficulties faced by Australian herbalists in their attempts to maintain authority over the knowledge base of their craft and a connection with traditional understandings of the uses of plant medicines, while at the same time engaging with biomedicine and the broader Australian healthcare system. It contributes to the study of the nascent field of qualitative studies in contemporary western herbal medicine by making three main arguments.Firstly, Australian herbal medicine is characterised by its origins as a European colonial practice and its history of professional marginalisation during most of the 20th century. Secondly herbal practitioners have been unable to capitalise significantly on a surge of public popularity in the closing years of the 20th century which brought with it the interest of industry, the scrutiny of regulators and the renewed attention of biomedicine. Herbalists continue to struggle for recognition in the face of these more powerful interests. Thirdly it is argued that herbalists are attempting to gain legitimacy and acceptance as a healthcare profession through a process of underpinning their knowledge base with science, which is replacing their traditional philosophical basis. This has the effect of weakening the ability of herbalists to maintain their identity as an independent profession and makes its knowledge base vulnerable to appropriation by other healthcare professions.Gross’ model of the cultural location of traditions in contemporary societies is used to clarify the situation of herbalists and to identify problems consequent to the political choices they have made or which have been forced upon them. Gross suggests that traditions which place themselves close to power have difficulty in maintaining their own character and integrity, but that other cultural locations are also problematic and limit full participation in society. vi It is argued that there are compelling reasons to move beyond Gross’ analysis and to find ways to strengthen the independence of the herbal profession. Given the financial problems facing the current healthcare system in Australia and the looming ecological challenges, radical changes to the current system are required. The central concepts of herbal practice, in particular vitalism and holism, lead to approaches to healthcare which are potentially both costeffective and ecologically sustainable. A robust and independent profession of western herbalists, with their philosophy articulated and restored, could provide a valuable and sustainable contribution to Australian healthcare.

Ph.D.

This thesis is about the contemporary challenges facing herbal medicine. Specifically it concerns the difficulties faced by Australian herbalists in their attempts to maintain authority over the knowledge base of their craft and a connection with traditional understandings of the uses of plant medicines, while at the same time engaging with biomedicine and the broader Australian healthcare system. It contributes to the study of the nascent field of qualitative studies in contemporary western herbal medicine by making three main arguments.Firstly, Australian herbal medicine is characterised by its origins as a European colonial practice and its history of professional marginalisation during most of the 20th century. Secondly herbal practitioners have been unable to capitalise significantly on a surge of public popularity in the closing years of the 20th century which brought with it the interest of industry, the scrutiny of regulators and the renewed attention of biomedicine. Herbalists continue to struggle for recognition in the face of these more powerful interests. Thirdly it is argued that herbalists are attempting to gain legitimacy and acceptance as a healthcare profession through a process of underpinning their knowledge base with science, which is replacing their traditional philosophical basis. This has the effect of weakening the ability of herbalists to maintain their identity as an independent profession and makes its knowledge base vulnerable to appropriation by other healthcare professions.Gross’ model of the cultural location of traditions in contemporary societies is used to clarify the situation of herbalists and to identify problems consequent to the political choices they have made or which have been forced upon them. Gross suggests that traditions which place themselves close to power have difficulty in maintaining their own character and integrity, but that other cultural locations are also problematic and limit full participation in society. vi It is argued that there are compelling reasons to move beyond Gross’ analysis and to find ways to strengthen the independence of the herbal profession. Given the financial problems facing the current healthcare system in Australia and the looming ecological challenges, radical changes to the current system are required. The central concepts of herbal practice, in particular vitalism and holism, lead to approaches to healthcare which are potentially both costeffective and ecologically sustainable. A robust and independent profession of western herbalists, with their philosophy articulated and restored, could provide a valuable and sustainable contribution to Australian healthcare.

This thesis is about the contemporary challenges facing herbal medicine. Specifically it concerns the difficulties faced by Australian herbalists in their attempts to maintain authority over the knowledge base of their craft and a connection with traditional understandings of the uses of plant medicines, while at the same time engaging with biomedicine and the broader Australian healthcare system. It contributes to the study of the nascent field of qualitative studies in contemporary western herbal medicine by making three main arguments.Firstly, Australian herbal medicine is characterised by its origins as a European colonial practice and its history of professional marginalisation during most of the 20th century. Secondly herbal practitioners have been unable to capitalise significantly on a surge of public popularity in the closing years of the 20th century which brought with it the interest of industry, the scrutiny of regulators and the renewed attention of biomedicine. Herbalists continue to struggle for recognition in the face of these more powerful interests. Thirdly it is argued that herbalists are attempting to gain legitimacy and acceptance as a healthcare profession through a process of underpinning their knowledge base with science, which is replacing their traditional philosophical basis. This has the effect of weakening the ability of herbalists to maintain their identity as an independent profession and makes its knowledge base vulnerable to appropriation by other healthcare professions.Gross’ model of the cultural location of traditions in contemporary societies is used to clarify the situation of herbalists and to identify problems consequent to the political choices they have made or which have been forced upon them. Gross suggests that traditions which place themselves close to power have difficulty in maintaining their own character and integrity, but that other cultural locations are also problematic and limit full participation in society. vi It is argued that there are compelling reasons to move beyond Gross’ analysis and to find ways to strengthen the independence of the herbal profession. Given the financial problems facing the current healthcare system in Australia and the looming ecological challenges, radical changes to the current system are required. The central concepts of herbal practice, in particular vitalism and holism, lead to approaches to healthcare which are potentially both costeffective and ecologically sustainable. A robust and independent profession of western herbalists, with their philosophy articulated and restored, could provide a valuable and sustainable contribution to Australian healthcare.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-02T12:51:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003 / Desde as tradições dos povos mais antigos, tem sido atribuídas à Calendula officinalis, propriedades cicatrizantes quando aplicada topicamente em feridas expostas ao meio externo. Diversos trabalhos da literatura científica mundial vêm buscando comprovar essa propriedade terapêutica, bem como relacionar os elementos que a constituem. O presente experimento propõe avaliar os efeitos da aplicação tópica da preparação de Tintura-mãe de Calendula officinalis em orabase, sobre a cicatrização de feridas experimentais em mucosa palatina de ratos. Após realizar feridas palatinas padronizadas, quarenta e oito animais foram divididos em quatro grupos, para receberem a aplicação tópica de três diferentes tipos de preparações: Grupo I: Tintura-mãe de calêndula + orabase; Grupo II: Solução hidro-alcoólica + orabase; Grupo III: Orabase. Os animais do Grupo IV não receberam nenhum tipo de tratamento. Todos animais foram tratados com as referidas substâncias diariamente, uma vez ao dia, por 72 horas, após a realização das feridas e sacrificados 3, 7 e 10 dias depois. A evolução do processo cicatricial foi avaliada histologicamente, através de microscopia de luz, por um patologista que ignorava a identificação dos grupos a que se referiam as lâminas (H.E.). Os resultados obtidos no presente experimento, segundo a metodologia empregada, permitiram concluir que as feridas na mucosa palatina, tratadas topicamente com a preparação de Tintura-mãe de Calendula officinalis em orabase, não apresentaram uma cicatrização qualitativamente melhor do que a observada nos animais dos demais grupos experimentais. / Since the most ancient people traditions, healing properties have been attributed to the Calendula officinalis when it is used topically in wound exposed to the external setting. Several studies in the scientific literature around the world have been trying to prove this therapeutic property and relating its elements as well. The present experiment proposes evaluate the effects of the topic use from the mother-tincture of Calendula officinalis in orabase , in healing of experimental wounds in the rat palate. After perform pattern palate wounds, forty eight animals were divided in four groups. They received topic application from three different type of preparation: Group I – Mother-tincture of calendula + orabase; Group II – Hydro-alcoholic solution + orabase; Group III – Orabase. The group IV animals did not receive any kind of treatment. After the wound completion, all of them were treated with the referred solutions daily, three times per day, during 72 hours and the animals were sacrificed in three, seven and ten days. The healing process evolution was evaluated by a pathologist through optical microscope, without group identification in slides (blind analyze). According the methodology used, the results obtained in the present experiment allowed the following conclusion: the wounds in the rat palate treated topically with the mother-tincture from the Calendula officinalis in orabase, did not presented a qualitatively healing improvement than the observed in the other experimental groups.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:56:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1892653 bytes, checksum: a545874efed4589c08f494b70565cd51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-11-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / For a long time, the drugs used in the treatment and prevention of diseases and injuries were from plants becoming, often, the only resource that doctors had to treat their patients. In dentistry, the use of herbal medicines is still small and takes place mainly in the informal market. It is extremely important there be legislation to that end, in addition, research has been done in order to scientifically validate the use of some of these natural products as antimicrobial agents, which would open up space for clinical application in different diseases affecting the oral cavity especially those caused by Candida spp. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of essential oil of Citrus limon Linn. about 22 strains of Candida spp. by determining the CIM and CFM of the time evaluation of microbial death and morphological changes of the strains tested under the action of natural product tested. The CIM was obtained by the microdilution technique and CFM was obtained from the subculture of the concentration corresponding to the inhibitory and the two concentrations more concentrated. The evaluation of the interference of CIM product tested over time of microbial death was performed by counting viable cells. The study of morphological changes due to the action of the natural product was made from the microculture technique, with further observation under optical microscope. It was established the value of CIM of essential oil of C. limon between 0.078 and 0.156 mg/mL and CFM had a variation between 0.078 to 1.250 mg/mL. The kinetics of microbial death, there was fungicidal effect at concentrations of CIMx8 and CIMx4, with initial action after 2-4 hours of exposure of yeast. Microscopic observation of morphogenesis of the yeast under the action of the product tested showed inhibition in the formation of chlamydospores and pseudo-hyphae in most strains tested, this result was comparable to that of synthetic antimicrobial used as a control, the miconazole. We conclude therefore that the essential oil of C. limon has a important fungicide action and can be effective in the inhibition of Candida spp. / Durante muito tempo, os remédios empregados no tratamento e prevenção de doenças e lesões eram originários das plantas, constituindo-se, não raro, no único recurso de que dispunham os médicos para tratar seus doentes. Na Odontologia, a utilização destes medicamentos chamados de fitoterápicos ainda é pequena e dá-se principalmente no mercado informal. Uma regulamentação nesse sentido mostra-se de extrema importância, e pesquisas têm sido feitas com o objetivo de validar cientificamente o uso de alguns destes produtos naturais como agentes antimicrobianos, o que abriria espaço para sua aplicação clínica em diversas afecções que acometem a cavidade bucal, em especial aquelas causadas por leveduras do gênero Candida. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo visou avaliar a atividade antifúngica do óleo essencial de Citrus limon Linn. sobre 22 cepas de Candida spp., através da determinação da CIM e da CFM, da avaliação do tempo de morte microbiana e das alterações morfológicas das cepas ensaiadas decorrentes da ação do produto natural testado. A CIM foi obtida através da técnica da microdiluição, e a CFM a partir do subcultivo da concentração correspondente à inibitória e as duas concentrações imediatamente mais concentradas. A avaliação da interferência da CIM do produto testado sobre o tempo de morte microbiana foi realizada através da contagem de células viáveis e o estudo das alterações morfológicas devido à ação do produto natural deu-se a partir da técnica do microcultivo, com posterior observação em microscópio óptico. O valor da CIM do óleo essencial de C. limon ficou estabelecida entre 0,078 e 0,156 μg/mL, e a CFM variou de 0,078 a 1,250 μg/mL. Quanto à cinética de morte microbiana, observou-se efeito fungicida nas concentrações de CIMx8 e CIMx4, com ação inicial após 2-4 horas de exposição das leveduras. A observação microscópica da morfogênese das leveduras sob ação do produto testado mostrou inibição na formação de clamidoconídios e pseudo-hifas na maior parte das cepas ensaiadas, resultado comparável ao do antimicrobiano sintético utilizado como controle, o miconazol. Concluiu-se, assim, que o O.E. de C. limon possui destacada ação fungicida, podendo ser eficaz na inibição do crescimento de leveduras do gênero Candida.

Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-06-28T13:41:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSANA ARAÚJO ROSENDO - TESE (PPGCEMat) 2016.pdf: 6730629 bytes, checksum: c33c7810f9b205ef693b160c3fbaa042 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-28T13:41:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSANA ARAÚJO ROSENDO - TESE (PPGCEMat) 2016.pdf: 6730629 bytes, checksum: c33c7810f9b205ef693b160c3fbaa042 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / Os sistemas de liberação controlada de fármaco apresentam inúmeras vantagens quando comparados a outros de dosagem convencional e, dentre os polissacarídeos mais empregados no desenvolvimento desses sistemas destaca-se a quitosana que, por ser biocompatível e biodegradável, tem despertado o interesse na comunidade científica para sua utilização no desenvolvimento de estruturas onde possam ser incorporados fármacos. A espécie vegetal Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis é conhecida popularmente como insulina e, diversos estudos farmacológicos têm indicado a sua ação hipoglicemiante, justificando-se assim sua aplicabilidade na terapia de pacientes com diabetes. Sendo assim, este trabalho objetivou desenvolver e caracterizar scaffolds de quitosana com diferentes concentrações de Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis, a fim de avaliar sua possível utilização em pacientes portadores de diabetes melito tipo 2. O método consistiu na solubilização da quitosana em ácido acético, adição da droga vegetal, e obtenção dos scaffods através da técnica de freeze drying. As amostras foram caracterizadas através das técnicas de Espectroscopia na Região de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), Difração de Raios X (DRX), Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), Espectroscopia de Energia Dispersiva (EDS), Microscopia Ótica (MO), Teste de Molhabilidade, Teste de Compressão, Análise Termogravimétrica (TG) e de Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial (DSC), Grau de Intumescimento com PBS e saliva artificial e Ensaio de Biodegradação Enzimática. O estudo químico realizado através do FTIR identificou todas as bandas características dos materiais estudados e o estudo morfológico revelou, nos scaffolds, a formação de uma estrutura tridimensional com poros interconectados. A técnica de EDS indicou a presença dos elementos químicos Carbono, Oxigênio e Nitrogênio, além de Magnésio, Silício e Cálcio presentes na droga vegetal. O grau de intumescimento demonstrou que as médias das massas foram correspondentemente mais elevadas na forma intumescida do que na condição seca, sendo esse intumescimento maior quando as amostras foram imersas na saliva artificial, quando comparado com a solução de Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS). O teste de molhabilidade demonstrou que os scaffolds tiveram sua hidrofilicidade aumentada com a incorporação da droga vegetal e, o teste de compressão, confirmou uma maior resistência à deformação dos mesmos. As análises de TG/DTG demonstraram que a droga vegetal diminuiu a estabilidade térmica dos scaffolds. A partir do ensaio de biodegradação, constatou-se que os scaffolds sofreram uma maior degradação em contato com a solução de PBS do que em PBS/Lisozima; e que, nos períodos de avaliação, a saliva artificial não promoveu biodegradação às estruturas. A incorporação da droga vegetal aos scaffolds foi confirmada por meio dos resultados obtidos nos ensaios de FTIR, DRX, MEV, MO, Grau de intumescimento, testes de molhabilidade e de compressão, TG/DTG e DSC. Desta forma, pode-se concluir que houve a formação de scaffolds com propriedades morfológicas e físico-químicas favoráveis para a obtenção de um sistema para liberação controlada de fármacos. / The systems of controlled clearance of pharmaco present several advantages when compared to others of conventional dosages and, among the most used polysaccharides in the development of these systems can be highlighted the chitosan which, due to being biocompatible and biodegradable, has aroused the interest of the scientific community for its use in the development of structures where pharmaco may be incorporated. The plant species Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis is popularly known as insulin and, several pharmacological studies have indicated its hypoglycemic action, thereby justifying its applicability in the care of patients with diabetes. Thus, this work aimed to develop and characterize chitosan scaffolds with different concentrations of Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis, in order to access its possible use in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The method consisted in the solubilization of the chitosan in acetic acid, addition of the vegetal drug, and obtaining of the scaffolds by means of the freeze drying technique. The samples were characterized by the analysis of Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Difractometry (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS), Optical Microscopy (OM), Wettability Test, Compression Test, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Degree of swelling with PBS and artificial saliva and Enzymatic Biodegradation Test. The chemical study was carried out by the FTIR identified all the bands characteristic of the studied materials and the morphological study revealed, in the scaffolds, the formation of a tridimensional structure with interconnected pores. The EDS technique revealed the presence of the chemical elements Carbon, Oxygen and Nitrogen, in addition to Magnesium, Silicon and Calcium present in the vegetable drug. The degree of swelling demonstrated that the averages of the masses were correspondingly higher in the swollen form than in the dry condition, being this swelling greater when the samples were immersed in artificial saliva, when compared to the PBS solution. The wettability test demonstrated that the scaffolds had their hydrophilicity increased with the incorporation of the vegetal drug and, the compression test, confirmed their greater resistance to deformation. The TG/DTG analysis demonstrated that the vegetal drug reduced the thermal stability of the scaffolds. From the biodegradation test, was found that the scaffolds suffered a greater degradation in contact with the PBS solution than in PBS/Lysozyme; and that, in the assessment periods, the artificial saliva did not promote biodegradation to the structures. The incorporation of the vegetable drug to the scaffolds was confirmed by means of the results obtained in the de FTIR, DRX, MEV, OM, Degree of swelling, wettability and compression tests, TG/DTG and DSC tests. Therefore, it can be concluded that there was the formation of scaffolds with favorable morphological and physicochemical properties for obtaining a system of controlled clearance of pharmaco.

Submitted by Socorro Pontes (socorrop@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-01-26T13:46:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ThulianneLS_DISSERT.pdf: 3299799 bytes, checksum: cd0a2a0b29c69ca43f04d3473f094d74 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-26T13:46:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThulianneLS_DISSERT.pdf: 3299799 bytes, checksum: cd0a2a0b29c69ca43f04d3473f094d74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-25 / Ethnoveterinary research is defined as the science that involves the opinion and knowledge of popular practices, used for the treatment and prevention of diseases that affect animals. Among the branches of this science is herbal medicine consisting in the treatment of diseases using medicinal plants, this practice is becoming more widespread, and it is evident in fact, because of the valuable lessons of past generations and the future treatment of humans and animals may replace or reduce the use of synthetic drugs, allowing the existence of a means balancing at room. With this research attempts to revive the popular knowledge about the use of medicinal plants in goats in rural settlements, located in the municipality of Mossoró/RN, Northeastern Brazil, and to achieve this goal have been made visits to settlements, applying questionnaires to producers of goats that live in these places on therapeutic indications and ways of using plants to treat diseases that these animals.Simultaneously were collected copies of the said plants, whichthey were identified and deposited in the herbarium MOSS, Federal Rural University of the Semiarid.The medicinal uses have been described 38 species belonging to 23 botanical families, reported by 106 respondents aged over 18 years. The families of plants with the largest representation in the consultation were Fabaceae (7 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (4 spp.), Lamiaceae (3 spp.). The most frequent species were Heliotropium indicum L. (Fedegoso), Ximenia americana L. (Ameixa- brava) e Aloe vera(babosa). The bark and the leaves were predominantly the parties mentioned. The data collected by this research showed that farmers goats, have access and knowledge to a wide variety of medicinal plants responsible for supplying different diseases that affect goats. And it can be seen that even with today's technological advances the groupin this study has interest in the use of plants for medicinal purposes / A pesquisa etnoveterinária é definida comoa ciência que envolve a opinião e o conhecimento das práticas populares, utilizadas para o tratamento e prevenção de doenças, que acometem os animais. Dentre os ramos dessa ciência está a fitoterapia que consiste no tratamento das doenças utilizando plantas medicinais, esta prática está cada vez mais difundida, e evidencia-se de fato, devido aos valiosos ensinamentos das gerações passadas, e no futuro o tratamento de humanos e animais poderá substituir ou reduzir a utilização dos fármacos sintéticos, possibilitando a existência de um meio ambiente em equilíbrio. Com isso a pesquisa busca resgatar o conhecimento popular sobre o uso de plantas medicinais em caprinos nos assentamentos rurais, situados no município de Mossoró/RN, região Nordeste do Brasil. E para atingir este objetivo foram realizadas visitas aos assentamentos, aplicando-se questionários aos produtores de caprinos que residem nestes locais, buscando indicações terapêuticas e formas de utilização de plantas no tratamento de enfermidades que acomentem esses animais. Simultaneamente foram coletados exemplares das plantas citadas, as quais foram identificadas e depositadas no herbário MOSS, da Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido.Foram descritos os usos medicinais de 38 espécies, pertencentes a 23 famílias botânicas, reportadas por 106 informantes com idade acima de 18 anos. As famílias de plantas com maior representatividade na consulta foram Fabaceae (7 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (4 spp.)e Lamiaceae (3 spp.).As espécies mais citadas foram Heliotropium indicum L(Fedegoso), Ximenia americana L(Ameixa- brava) e Aloe vera(Babosa). As cascas e as folhas foram as partes predominantemente citadas. Os dados levantados por esta pesquisa evidenciaram que produtores rurais de caprinos têm acesso e conhecimento a uma ampla variedade de plantas medicinais responsáveis por suprir diferentes enfermidades que acometem caprinos. E percebeu-se que mesmo com os avanços tecnológicos atuais o grupo em estudo apresenta interesse na utilização de plantas com a finalidade medicinal / 2017-01-25