京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(情報学) / 甲第24035号 / 情博第791号 / 新制||情||134(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院情報学研究科社会情報学専攻 / (主査)教授 矢守 克也, 教授 多々納 裕一, 教授 畑山 満則 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Informatics / Kyoto University / DFAM

Fine grained sediment deposition in urban environments during natural hazard events can impact critical infrastructure and properties (urban terrain) leading to reduced social and economic function and potentially adverse public health effects. Therefore, clean-up of the sediments is required to minimise impacts and restore social and economic functionality as soon as possible. The strategies employed to manage and coordinate the clean-up significantly influence the speed, cost and quality of the clean-up operation. Additionally, the physical properties of the fine grained sediment affects the clean-up, transport, storage and future usage of the sediment. The goals of the research are to assess the resources, time and cost required for fine grained sediment clean-up in an urban environment following a disaster and to determine how the geotechnical properties of sediment will affect urban clean-up strategies. The thesis focuses on the impact of fine grained sediment (<1 mm) deposition from three liquefaction events during the Canterbury earthquake sequence (2010-2011) on residential suburbs and transport networks in Christchurch. It also presents how geotechnical properties of the material may affect clean-up strategies and methods by presenting geotechnical analysis of tephra material from the North Island of New Zealand. Finally, lessons for disaster response planning and decision making for clean-up of sediment in urban environments are presented. A series of semi-structured interviews of key stakeholders supported by relevant academic literature and media reports were used to record the clean-up operation coordination and management and to make a preliminary qualification of the Christchurch liquefaction ejecta clean-up (costs breakdown, time, volume, resources, coordination, planning and priorities). Further analysis of the costs and resources involved for better accuracy was required and so the analysis of Christchurch City Council road management database (RAMM) was done. In order to make a transition from general fine sediment clean-up to specific types of fine disaster sediment clean-up, adequate information about the material properties is required as they will define how the material will be handled, transported and stored. Laboratory analysis of young volcanic tephra from the New Zealand’s North Island was performed to identify their geotechnical properties (density, granulometry, plasticity, composition and angle of repose). The major findings of this research were that emergency planning and the use of the coordinated incident management system (CIMS) system during the emergency were important to facilitate rapid clean-up tasking, management of resources and ultimately recovery from widespread and voluminous liquefaction ejecta deposition in eastern Christchurch. A total estimated cost of approximately $NZ 40 million was calculated for the Christchurch City clean-up following the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence with a partial cost of $NZ 12 million for the Southern part of the city, where up to 33% (418 km) of the road network was impacted by liquefaction ejecta and required clearing of the material following the 22 February 2011 earthquake. Over 500,000 tonnes of ejecta has been stockpiled at Burwood landfill for all three liquefaction inducing earthquake events. The average cost per kilometre for the event clean-up was $NZ 5,500/km (4 September 2010), $NZ 11,650/km (22 February 2011) and $NZ 11,185/km (13 June 2011). The duration of clean-up time of residential properties and the road network was approximately two to three months for each of the three liquefaction ejecta events; despite events volumes and spatial distribution of ejecta. Interviews and quantitative analysis of RAMM data revealed that the experience and knowledge gained from the Darfield earthquake (4 September 2010) clean-up increased the efficiency of the following Christchurch earthquake induced liquefaction ejecta clean-up events. Density, particle size, particle shape, clay content and moisture content, are the important geotechnical properties that need to be considered when planning for a clean-up method that incorporates collection, transport and disposal or storage. The geotechnical properties for the tephra samples were analysed to increase preparedness and reaction response of potentially affected North Island cities from possible product from the active volcanoes in their region. The geotechnical results from this study show that volcanic tephra could be used in road or construction material but the properties would have to be further investigated for a New Zealand context. Using fresh volcanic material in road, building or flood control construction requires good understanding of the material properties and precaution during design and construction to extra care, but if well planned, it can be economically beneficial.

No description available.

[ES] La presente tesis de doctorado "Architecture in motion: procesos dinámicos en la reconstrucción post-catástrofe" reflexiona sobre la reconstrucción como un proceso en constante transformación. El objetivo principal es demostrar la necesidad de contar con una visión procesual de la intervención post-catástrofe para integrar a los usuarios con el entorno cambiante del contexto específico y con el fin de proteger y preservar a la identidad socioespacial del lugar. Para tal fin, se ha utilizado la metodología del reserch-by-design, concretamente en su primera fase de pre-design (observación y proyección), como un proceso de investigación llevado a cabo desde la experiencia vivida en primera persona en la localidad de Chamanga en Ecuador, donde se registró en el 2016 un evento sísmico de 7.8 de la escala Richter. La estructura del presente texto de investigación está estrictamente relacionada con los métodos utilizados. Por lo tanto, después de la introducción, en la cual se manifiestan el problema, los objetivos, la relevancia, el estado de la cuestión y la metodología y los métodos, se desarrollan los capítulos que ponen las bases teóricas que definirán la reconstrucción post-catástrofe como dinámica. Finalmente, Architecture in motion es el capítulo final que une las reflexiones teóricas de los apartados que analizan el tiempo, la imagen, la realidad espacial, la evolución y el habitar de un contexto post-catástrofe. El desenlace de la investigación demuestra la importancia de aproximarse a la realidad de la post-catástrofe, desde el pre-design, con una perspectiva dinámica. Por ende, la intervención debe basarse en el concepto de flexibilidad, en donde la adaptabilidad se manifiesta como cuestión multiescalar, tanto del espacio como de quien lo vive o interviene en ello. El ámbito de esta tesis es teórico, aun siendo consecuencia de la forma experimental en la cual se lleva el estudio de la investigación. Así, se quiere contribuir a la reflexión sobre los conceptos de catástrofe, imagen y temporalidad de la post-catástrofe, indefinición del espacio, evolución del territorio y hábitat para que, una vez analizadas las cuestiones que nacen de la problemática, se puedan definir los aspectos principales a tomar en cuenta en la reconstrucción en clave dinámica. / [CAT] La present tesi de doctorat "Architecture in motion: processos dinàmics en la reconstrucció postcatàstrofe" reflexiona sobre la reconstrucció com un procés en constant transformació. L'objectiu principal és demostrar la necessitat de comptar amb una visió de procés de la intervenció postcatàstrofe per a integrar als usuaris amb l'entorn canviant del context específic i amb la finalitat de protegir i preservar a la identitat socioespacial del lloc. Per a tal fi, s'ha utilitzat el reserch-by-design, en la fase de pre-design (observació i projecció), com un procés d'investigació dut a terme, des de l'experiència viscuda en primera persona, en la localitat de Chamanga a l'Equador, on es va registrar, en el 2016, un esdeveniment sísmic de 7.8 de l'escala Richter. L'estructura del present text d'investigació està estrictament relacionada amb els mètodes fets servir. Per tant, després de la introducció, en la qual es manifesten el problema, els objectius, la rellevància, l'estat de la qüestió i la metodologia i els mètodes, es desenvolupen els capítols que posen les bases teòriques que definiran la reconstrucció postcatàstrofe com a dinàmica. Finalment, Architecture in motion és el capítol final que uneix les reflexions teòriques dels apartats que analitzen el temps, la imatge, la realitat espacial, l'evolució i l'hàbitat d'un context postcatàstrofe. El desenllaç de la investigació demostra la importància d'aproximar-se a la realitat de la postcatàstrofe, des del pre-design, amb una perspectiva dinàmica. Per tant, la intervenció ha de basar-se en el concepte de flexibilitat, on l'adaptabilitat es manifesta com a qüestió multiescalar, tant de l'espai com de qui el viu o intervé en això. L'àmbit d'aquesta tesi és teòric, fins i tot sent conseqüència de la forma experimental en la qual s'emporta l'estudi de la investigació. Així, es vol contribuir a la reflexió sobre els conceptes de catàstrofe, imatge i temporalitat de la postcatàstrofe, indefinició de l'espai, evolució del territori i hàbitat perquè, una vegada analitzades les qüestions que naixen de la problemàtica, es puguen definir els aspectes principals a tenir en compte en la reconstrucció en clau dinàmica. / [EN] This doctoral thesis, "Architecture in motion: dynamic processes in post-catastrophe reconstruction," reflects on reconstruction as a process in constant transformation. The main objective is to demonstrate the need to have a processual vision of post-catastrophe intervention to integrate users with the changing environment of the specific context in order to protect and preserve the socio-spatial identity of the place. For this purpose, the research-by-design has been used, in the pre-design phase (observation and projection), as a research process carried out from experience lived in first person in the town of Chamanga in Ecuador, where a seismic event of 7.8 on the Richter scale was recorded in 2016. The structure of this research text is strictly related to the methods used. Therefore, after the introduction, in which the problem, the objectives, the relevance, the state of the question, and the methodology and methods are manifested, the chapters introduce the theoretical bases that will define post-catastrophe reconstruction as a dynamic are developed. Finally, Architecture in motion is the final chapter that unites the theoretical reflections of the sections that analyze time, image, spatial reality, evolution, and living in a post-catastrophe context. The outcome of the investigation demonstrates the importance of approaching the post-catastrophe reality, from the pre-design, with a dynamic perspective. Therefore, the intervention must be based on the concept of flexibility, where adaptability is manifested as a multiscalar issue of both the space and those who live it or intervene in it. The field of this thesis is theoretical, even though it is a consequence of the experimental way the study of the investigation is carried out. This dissertation wants to contribute to the reflection on the concepts of catastrophe, image, and temporality of the post-catastrophe, lack of definition of space, and the evolution of the territory and habitat so that, once the issues arising from the problem have been analyzed, the main aspects to be taken into account in the reconstruction can be defined. / Rocchio, D. (2023). Architecture in motion: procesos dinámicos en la reconstrucción post-catástrofe [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/195439

No description available.