Zugl.: Potsdam, Univ., Diss., 2006.

La scène littéraire québécoise accorde, depuis les années 2000, une attention grandissante à la relève. Critiques, chercheurs et journalistes braquent tour à tour leur projecteur sur les primo-romanciers, contribuant ainsi à les placer dans une catégorie à part des autres auteurs. Or, la publication d'un premier roman est une étape décisive dans l'établissement de la crédibilité intellectuelle d'un auteur. Pour cette raison, il est tenté d'écrire une oeuvre reflétant l'ensemble de son projet d'écriture et, par extension, l'essentiel de ses influences culturelles. Dans le but de comprendre ces influences formant la mémoire culturelle d'un écrivain, mais aussi de voir si un groupe de romanciers d'âge semblable partagent certaines d'entre elles, cette étude se penche sur vingt premiers romans québécois publiés entre 2000 et 2010. À l'aide du concept d'intertextualité et d'une analyse quantitative, elle tente plus exactement de relever et d'interroger les référents culturels observables dans ces textes et d'en faire ressortir les plus répandus. Ce mémoire vise donc, dans un premier temps, à tracer un portrait global des intertextes culturels mis en place dans les premiers romans du corpus afin de comprendre l'usage qu'en font les primo-romanciers et d'orienter la suite de la recherche. Dans un deuxième temps, elle s'intéresse à trois média desquels les écrivains tirent leurs référents, soit l'audiovisuel (comprenant le cinéma et la télévision), la musique et la littérature, et cherche à décrire de quoi est composée la mémoire culturelle des écrivains du corpus.

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By investigating the metaphorical connection between bloodletting and the act of writing and drawing, this thesis examines the effects and potential dangers of bearing witness and recording witness testimonials as it is experienced by first-generation and second-generation Holocaust witnesses/authors respectively. Primo Levi’s works as well as biographical records documenting his life and death are examined as the primary sources for the analysis of the survivor or first-generation witness/author. Art Spiegelman’s graphic novels Maus and Maus II provide the source materials for the exploration of the second or ‘postmemory’ generation’s experience with recording their own inherited transgenerational trauma. To support this metaphorical and theoretical framework, I will engage the theories of Janet McCord and her study on suicide and Holocaust survivors as well as employ the works of Sigmund Freud, Dominick LaCapra, Cathy Caruth and Marianne Hirsch in relation to their work on cultural trauma and memory. / Graduate

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1974. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T19:02:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000409583-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 677873 bytes, checksum: fadf57b26eb4723a835d63e4ebc2b939 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / In this thesis, the purpose is to analyze the works É isto um homem? and A trégua, by the Italian author Primo Levi. He survived to the Nazi concentration camps and suffered the horror of the totalitarianism, during the time when Hitler was in the power, in the peak of the Second World War. In the work É isto um homem? the writer Primo Levi relates his experience as Häftling (prisoner) in the concentration camp of Monowitz, where he was christened with the name 174. 517 and received a tattoo on his left arm. Auschwitz is the catastrophe par excellence, the inhumanity and the degradation without limits. On the other hand, in A trégua, he tells the way that happened the German evacuation, the capture of the camps by the Russians and the difficult journey of coming back home. As a survivor, Levi felt the need of telling to the humanity the barbarity and the atrocities seen and lived in the camp. Nevertheless, because of the trauma, his remembrance was not easy; it was dotted of pain, anguishes and not healed hurts. However, he knew about his responsibility with the dead people of relating the violent acts, of giving voice to the inaudible and with the future generations with the intention that the barbarian and wicked acts do not repeat again. In relation to the evidence, it is intended to discuss questions related to memory, trauma or, specifically, to the impossibility of reducing this event to the merely discursive. So, how is it possible to represent something that goes beyond the capacity of imagination and representation? Besides, it will be studied the frontiers among memory, evidence, autobiography, margins, many times, attenuate. Finally, as theoretical basis, the thinkers of the Frankfurt’s School are mentioned, specially Walter Benjamin and Theodor Adorno, and some authors of the Literature of evidence with Giorgio Agamben, Shoshana Felman, Dominick LaCapra, Cathy Caruth, Márcio Seligmann-Silva, among others. / Nesta tese, tem-se como objetivo analisar as obras É isto um homem? e A trégua, do autor italiano Primo Levi. Ele sobreviveu aos campos de concentração nazistas e sentiu na pele o horror do totalitarismo, durante o período em que Hitler esteve no poder, no auge da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Na obra É isto um homem?, o escritor Primo Levi relata a sua experiência como Häftling (prisioneiro) no campo de concentração de Monowitz, onde fôra batizado com o nome de 174. 517 e recebera uma tatuagem no braço esquerdo. Auschwitz é a catástrofe por excelência, é a desumanização e a degradação sem limites. Já em A trégua, ele conta como foi a evacuação alemã, a tomada dos campos pelos russos e a difícil jornada de volta para casa. Como sobrevivente, Levi sentiu a necessidade de contar para a humanidade a barbárie e as atrocidades vistas e vividas no campo. A rememoração não foi fácil, sendo pontilhada de dor, angústias e feridas não cicatrizadas, em decorrência do trauma. No entanto, ele sabia da sua responsabilidade para com os mortos de relatar os atos violentos, de dar voz ao inaudível, e para com as gerações futuras com o intuito de que atos bárbaros e perversos não venham a se repetir novamente. Com relação ao testemunho, pretende-se discutir questões relativas à memória, ao trauma ou, especificamente, à impossibilidade de reduzir esse evento ao meramente discursivo. Então, como representar algo que vai além da capacidade de imaginação e representação? Além disso, serão estudadas as fronteiras entre a memória, o testemunho, a autobiografia, cujas margens, muitas vezes, diluemse. Finalmente, como alicerce teórico, serão mencionados os pensadores da Escola de Frankfurt, sobretudo Walter Benjamin e Theodor Adorno, e alguns autores da Literatura de testemunho como: Giorgio Agamben, Shoshana Felman, Dominick LaCapra, Cathy Caruth, Márcio Seligmann-Silva, dentre outros.

Chez l’homme, la primo-infection par le vírus Herpès simplex de type 1 (HSV-1) a lieu au niveau de la muqueuse oro-pharyngée. Après une phase de réplication, les virions pénètrent les terminaisons axonales et migrent vers le ganglion trijumeau ipsilatéral (TG), puis vers le TG controlatéral. Le virus entre alors dans un état de latence dans les 2 TG. Les réactivations d’HSV-1 dans ces neurones sont responsables des kératites herpétiques (KH), unilatérales et survenant toujours du même côté chez un patient donné.En utilisant un modèle murin oro-oculaire, qui reproduit les aspects essentiels de la maladie chez l’homme, nous avons précédemment démontré que l’inoculation virale latéralisée d’un côté de la bouche entraine une réplication virale dans la lèvre, suivie d’une KH ipsilatérale à l’inoculation 6 jours plus tard. De manière concomitante, le virus se propage aux 2 TG, mais les réactivations ne surviennent que du côté ipsilatéral à l’inoculation. Nous avons également observé qu’après une primo-infection dans une lèvre avec une souche d’HSV-1 non-neurovirulente, les souris étaient protégées contre les signes de la maladie et contre la réactivation d’une souche sauvage pleinement virulente inoculée secondairement dans l’autre lèvre (souche ré-infectante). Afin de comprendre les mécanismes immunitaires en jeu dans cet état de protection, nous avons combiné une analyse en cytométrie en flux multiparamétrique à des tests immunologiques, pour quantifier et définir l’infiltrat immunitaire hématopoïétique et les chémokines inflammatoires au site d’inoculation et dans les TG. Nous avons démontré qu’après une inoculation unique avec la souche sauvage virulente, un infiltrat immun riche en cellules pro-inflammatoires, survenaient de manière retardée dans les lèvres inoculées, et persistaient dans les TG. A l’opposé, l’infiltrat immunitaire était plus précoce dans les tissus réinfectés (après une primo-infection par la souche non neurovirulente), plus riche en cellules de l’immunité adaptative, et associé à des concentrations moindres de chémokines inflammatoires. En outre, cet infiltrat s’estompait plus rapidement, avec une disparition concomitante des chémokines inflammatoires. Ces données permettent de mieux comprendre la nature et la cinétique de la réponse immunitaire anti-HSV-1, et pourront être utiles pour le développement futur de stratégies vaccinales anti-HSV-1. / In humans, Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), primary infection occurs in the oral mucocutaneous tissues. Virions replicated here penetrate sensitive neuronal axons, migrate to both trigeminal ganglion (TG) where it established a lifelong latency. Reactivations of HSV-1 in the TG neurons induce clinical recurrences in the connected peripheral tissues. This process is involved in herpes simplex keratitis (HSK), a condition that, strikingly, occurs almost exclusively in the same eye for a given patient. Based on an experimental oro-ocular (OO) model of HSV-1 infection, that recapitulates most of these human clinical features, we previously demonstrated that a virus inoculation on one side of the mouth, leads to viral replication in the lip, followed by HSK. Virus concomitantly disseminates to both TG, but reactivation only occurs in the TG ipsilateral to the inoculation site. We also observed that after a primary inoculation with a non-neurovirulent strain of HSV-1 in one lip, mice are protected against both acute phase disease and reactivation after a superinfection with a fully virulent wild-type strain of HSV-1 in the contralateral lip.In order to understand the underlying mechanisms involved in this state of protection, we combined high resolution flow cytometry and bead-based immunoassays, to quantify hematopoietic subsets and inflammatory chemokines in the site of inoculation and in the TG. We demonstrated that after a single inoculation with the wild-type strain, a delayed immune infiltrate, boasting more proinflammatory subsets, occurred in the lip and persisted in the TG. In contrast, the immune infiltrate occurred earlier in the superinfected lip and ipsilateral TG, with less inflammatory chemokines but more adaptive immune subsets. Moreover, cellular infiltrate resolved faster, correlating with nullification of inflammatory chemokines locally. These data show that immune response kinetics influence the development of natural immunity to HSV-1, and can be harnessed to protect against disease and reactivations.

[pt] O presente trabalho busca realizar uma leitura da minissérie global O Primo Basílio, como também do texto literário homônimo que deu origem a essa adaptação. Em 1988, a Rede Globo exibiu O Primo Basílio. Tal adaptação trouxe, mais uma vez, Eça de Queirós para o centro do espaço cultural brasileiro, tornando seu livro mais conhecido novamente campeão de vendagem. O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer uma leitura comparativa entre as duas obras, o texto e sua transcodificação, levantando algumas questões, como a relação existente entre a literatura e a televisão, o papel do leitor e do telespectador e a diferença entre cultura erudita e cultura de massa. Pretende-se também analisar como os elementos básicos da narrativa textual apresentam-se na narrativa televisiva. Destaca-se a importância de ambos os meios em que as obras se apresentam, a televisão e o livro, bem como o papel fundamental que cada um exerce sobre o seu público no seu tempo. / [en] This article intends to accomplish an analysis of the serie O Primo Basílio, produced and transmitted by Rede Globo, in comparison with the literary text which originated the serie. In 1988, the Rede Globo showed O Primo Basílio. This adaptation brought, again, Eça de Queirós to the center of the Brazilian cultural scene, turning his book into best seller. The purpose of this monograph is to make a comparative analysis between the two works of art, the text and its transcodification, lighting up some questions, like the relation existent between literature and television, the functions of the reader and of the viewer, and the difference between high culture and mass culture. It intends to analyze also how the basics elements of the textual narrative appears on the television serie, and highlight the importance of both medias in which the work of art appear, television and book, and the fundamental role each one exerts on its public in its time.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-10-11T13:21:49Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Washington Luiz Ferreira Rios - 2016.pdf: 1419922 bytes, checksum: b2851f6185570fbdbcac15cb2824ecd4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-10-11T13:22:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Washington Luiz Ferreira Rios - 2016.pdf: 1419922 bytes, checksum: b2851f6185570fbdbcac15cb2824ecd4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-11T13:22:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Washington Luiz Ferreira Rios - 2016.pdf: 1419922 bytes, checksum: b2851f6185570fbdbcac15cb2824ecd4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-28 / The goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of specific IgG antibodies against PB19 virus, which identify previous immunity, and IgM antibodies, characteristic of acute infection, in women of childbearing age in Goiânia, a capital city in the Midwestern Region of Brazil. To achieve this, 101 serum samples collected from health women identified via prenatal care services, birth control groups, communitarian work groups, and public night schools near Public Health Units were tested. The samples were stored in the section of Parasitology of the Tropical Pathology and Public Health Institute of the Federal University of Goiás (IPTSP/UFG) and were tested using ELISA (IgM and IgG) against parvovirus B19. The women were evaluated according to several aspects (economic, social, cultural, age, marital status, previous blood transfusion, pregnancy evolution, among others). The statistical tests used were variance analysis,  2 , and multivariance analysis (logistic regression). The results showed that the population analyzed was young, poor, presented low level of formal education, underwent regular prenatal care exams (in terms of number of attendances), and lived in brick houses with few rooms and many inhabitants, with a regular sanitation system. Prevalence of previous PB19 infection was the lowest found in the literature available (8.9%), average prevalence detected was 60%, and acute infection was 26.7%, similar to the one found in periods of epidemics. Furthermore, 25% of the acutely infected women were pregnant during the sample collection, which represented a risk of vertical transmission. / Objetivou-se avaliar a prevalência de anticorpos específicos das classes IgG contra o vírus PB19, identificadores de imunidade prévia, e IgM, característicos de infecção aguda, em mulheres em idade fértil no município de Goiânia. Para isso, foram testados 101 soros coletados em mulheres saudáveis atendidas nos serviços de atendimento pré-natal, controle de natalidade, grupos comunitários e escolas noturnas próximo às Unidades Públicas de Saúde. Os soros estavam armazenados no setor de Parasitologia do Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública da Universidade Federal de Goiás (IPTSP/UFG) e foram testados por ELISA (IgM e IgG) contra o parvovírus B19. As mulheres foram avaliadas sob vários aspectos (econômico, social, cultural, idade, estado conjugal, história de transfusão sanguínea, evolução da gravidez, entre outros). Os testes estatísticos usados foram análise de variância,  2 e análise multivariada (regressão logística). Os resultados mostraram tratar-se de população jovem, carente, com baixo nível de escolaridade, saneamento básico regular, pré- natal regular (em quantidade de consultas), morando em casas de tijolo, porém com poucos cômodos e muitos habitantes. A prevalência da infecção prévia pelo PB19 foi a mais baixa da literatura (8,9%), sendo a prevalência média descrita de 60% e a de infecção aguda de 26,7%, semelhante à encontrada nos períodos epidêmicos. Além do mais, 25% das mulheres agudamente infectadas estavam grávidas no período de coleta, o que representou risco de transmissão vertical.

Primo Levi (1919-1987), de origem judaica, antifascista e químico de formação, passa quase um ano de sua vida como prisioneiro em um dos campos de concentração de Auschwitz. Preso como partigiano, deportado como judeu, e sobrevivente por acaso, Levi faz daquela experiência, através da necessidade de narrar, o ponto de partida de sua literatura. Seu percurso parte da literatura de testemunho, matéria de suas duas primeiras obras, Se questo è un uomo e La tregua. Porém, sua grande vocação narrativa faz com que cultive os mais diversos gêneros ao longo de sua carreira, indo desde a autobiografia, até a poesia, o romance e os contos fantásticos e de ficção científica. A análise da obra literária de Levi, obrigatoriamente, deve considerar dois aspectos, que estão na gênese e na construção de seus escritos: o primeiro é a origem de sua literatura, nascida da experiência como prisioneiro e da observação daquele universo e que dele nunca se desprendeu; o segundo é a sua formação, pois, como químico, o olhar que dirigia ao mundo era determinado pelos preceitos da ciência que escolheu, e pela qual era apaixonado. Assim sendo, pretendemos analisar a literatura de Levi a partir da relação que ela estabelece com a ciência, com a técnica e com a tecnologia, partindo de seu livro de estreia, no qual o olhar do cientista permitiu definir o Lager como um grande experimento biológico e social. As referências para a análise serão os dois primeiros volumes de contos, que se ligam à tradição do fantástico e da ficção científica Storie naturali e Vizio di forma e os dois livros da década de 70, que apresentam a técnica e o trabalho como símbolos de liberdade: Il sistema periodico, obra na qual a química, os químicos e o seu trabalho são protagonistas; e La chiave a stella, que apresenta a exaltação do trabalho liberatório, portador de satisfação e felicidade. Dessa forma, demonstraremos que nenhuma página da literatura de Primo Levi está dissociada de sua experiência como deportado ou de sua formação científica, e isso influencia diretamente o seu estilo, transformando-o em um dos principais representantes, na literatura universal, da relação entre as duas culturas, como também em um dos principais prosadores da segunda metade do século XX. / Primo Levi (1919-1987), of Jewish origin, anti-fascist and chemist of formation, passes nearly a year of his life as a prisoner at the Auschwitz concentration camp. Captured as partigiano, deported as Jew, and survivor by chance, Levi makes that experience, through the need of narrating, the starting point of his literature. His pathway starts from the testimonial literature, subject of his first two works, Se questo è un uomo and La tregua. However, his narrative vocation makes him cultivate the most diverse genres throughout his career, from autobiography to poetry, romance, fantastic tales and science fiction. The analysis of the literary work of Levi, mandatorily, must consider two aspects that are on the genesis and construction of his writings: the first one is the origin of his literature, born from his experience as prisoner and from the observation of that universe - and from which he never came off; the second one is his formation, since, as a chemist, the way he looked at the world was determined by the precepts of the science he chose, and to which he was passionate. Therefore, we intend to analyze Levis literature from the relationship it establishes with science, technique and technology, starting from his debut book, in which the look of the scientist allows to define the Lager as a great biological and social experiment. The references for this analysis will be the first two volumes of short stories, that bind to the tradition of fantastic and science fiction Storie naturali and Vizio di forma and the two books of the 70s, that present technique and work as symbols of freedom: Il sistema periodico, work in which chemistry, chemists and their work are protagonists; and La chiave a stella, that presents the exaltation of liberatory work, promoter of satisfaction and happiness. Thus, we will demonstrate that any page of Primo Levis literature is dissociated from his experience as deported or his scientific training, and it directly influences his style, transforming it into one of the leading representatives in world literature, from the relationship between \"the two cultures \", as well as one of the major prose writers of the second half of the 20th century.