Overweight, a common health condition in adolescence, has been linked with difficulties in emotional processing. This study investigates associations between emotional processing, conceptualised through the model of Emotional Openness (EO), problematic eating behaviours, including Eating in the Absence of Hunger and disinhibited eating, and overweight in adolescents. Several self-report instruments were completed by 160 youngsters (mean age: 14.36 ± 0.61 years) from the community, including 39 overweight and obese adolescents (24.5%). In girls, bootstrap analyses supported a mediating effect of restrained eating on the relation between three EO dimensions and body mass index percentile, in particular the communication of emotions, the cognitive-conceptual representation of emotions, and the perception of bodily indicator of emotions. No mediating effect was found in boys. These results have important implications for psychological weight management interventions, as they underline the relevance of work on emotional processing in order to reduce problematic eating behaviours.

This diploma thesis called "Medialization of problematic periods in the life of well-known athletes and their reflection on these periods" examines media coverage of selected athletes in the Czech environment with the method of qualitative analysis used on stories from two printed nationwide newspapers and their online versions. The research is supported by e-interviews with the athletes that provide their view on their portrayal. The aim of this thesis is to provide a deeper insight into the issue and to find out how problematic periods of athletes' careers are presented and how these athletes reflect on it. Research showed that throughout their problematic times, the media had been portraying selected athletes in both positive and negative ways, although their image was constantly filled with superlatives reflecting their achievements. Portrayals of problematic periods were congruent across selected media, which athletes themselves confirmed. At the end of the defined periods, or in later time, all selected athletes regained their media status of a hero or even a national hero. Interestingly, athletes did not care much about their public image, moreover, they often tried to completely free themselves from any influence of the media avoiding any possible negative repercussions. In addition, the...

BACKGROUND: The Problematic Internet use among adolescents is an increasingly discussed topic in connection with the continuous development of technologies. If it enters to the period of adolescent age factor of hematoncological disease, which requires long term tratment and isolation for a long time, the risk of growth of non-substance addictive behavior is likely to increase in this context. AIM: The main aim of the research was to find out the prevalence of Problematic Internet use in a group of adolescent patients after the intensive cancer treatment within the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology of the University Hospital in Motol (KDHO). Another aim was to map specific characteristics that may be a predictor of later risk behavior and to find out possible correlation between these characteristics and problematic Internet use. METHODS: The concept of the research is based on quantitative methods of epidemiological cases and controls study. The data were collected through a screening questionnaire survey using a compilation of a short version of the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire (PIU Q- SF 6) and Substance Use Risk Profile (SURPS) personality traits). Data were evaluated using descriptive statistics and the χ2 test. The p value p < 0,05 was determined as statistically...

Bakgrund: Andelen elever med problematisk skolfrånvaro ökar, och i takt med det ökar efterfrågan kring ökad kompetens hur skolan kan arbeta tillbaka dessa elever. I detta arbete är elevhälsans professioner och däribland skolsköterskans roll en viktig del. Skolsköterskan har genom sin yrkesroll kunskap om hälsa, hälsoproblematik samt fysisk och psykisk ohälsa. Syfte: Syfte är att beskriva skolsköterskors erfarenheter av att arbeta med elever som har problematisk skolfrånvaro. Metod: Datamaterialet insamlades genom enkät och sammanlagt 19 skolsköterskor besvarade frågeformuläret. En induktiv ansats valdes där datamaterialet analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Ur datamaterialet framträdde temat säkra en ömsesidig tillit, tre kategorier; anlitas som specialistkompetent, lättillgänglig och insatt i situationen, samordnande länk samt sex underkategorier. Slutsats: Skolsköterskorna upplever att de sällan är delaktiga, varken i det förebyggande eller i det direkta arbetet, med elever som har en problematisk skolfrånvaro utöver att de informeras via elevhälsoteamet. Skolsköterskor är delaktiga i arbetet om det föreligger fysisk eller psykisk orsak till frånvaron. / Background: The proportion of students with problematic school absenteeism is increasing, and in step with this, the demand for increased competence is increasing as to how the school can work back these students. In this work, the student health professions, including the role of the school nurse, are an important part. Aim: Aim is to describe school nurses´ experiences of working with students who have problematic school absence. Method: The data material was collected through a survey and 19 school nurses answered the questionnaire. An inductive approach was chosen where the data material was analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Results: From the data material, the theme of securing mutual trust emerged, three categories; hired as a specialist competence, easily accessible and familiar with the situation, coordinating link and six subcategories. Conclusion: The school nurses experience that they are rarely involved, neither in the prevention nor in the direct work, with students who have a problematic school absence in addition to being informed via the student health team. School nurses are involved in the work if there is a physical or mental reason for the absence.

Detta arbete består av två delar. Den första delen syftar till att beskriva och analysera callcenterbranschen i Sverige samt vilka faktorer som påverkar branschen och dess utveckling. Analysen grundar sig i två modeller: Porters fempunktsmodell och PEST. Fokus ligger på den del av branschen som består av kundtjänstverksamhet för att koppla till arbetets andra del. Analysen visar att branschen främst påverkas av hög konkurrens och företagens, som behöver tillhandahålla kundtjänst, val mellan interna eller externa kundtjänstlösningar. Analysen indikerar även att branschen kommer fortsätta växa och att det finns en trend att företag i större utsträckning väljer att outsourca sin kundtjänst. Utvecklingen hos de tekniska lösningar som används i callcenter, till exempel dialogsystem, är efterfrågade av företagen då dessa är viktiga verktyg för att skapa en väl fungerande kundtjänst. Dagens digitala system har uppenbara utvecklingsområden. Det är ofta stora internationella företag eller internationella arbetslag som utvecklar de digitala systemen. Dock sträcker sig användningsområdet för dessa system långt utanför endast callcenterbranschen. Den andra delen handlar om att identifiera problematiska dialogsystemyttranden med hjälp av maskininlärning och inspireras av SpeDial, ett EU-projekt med syfte att förbättra dialogsystem. Yttranden från dialogsystemet kan anses problematiska beroende på till exempel att systemet missuppfattat användarens avsikt. Syftet med arbetets andra del är att undersöka vilken eller vilka maskininlärningsmetoder i verktyget WEKA som lämpar sig bäst för att identifiera problematiska dialogsystemyttranden. De data som använts i arbetet kommer från en kundtjänstentré baserad på fritt tal, vilket innebär att användaren själv uppmanas beskriva sitt ärende för att kunna kopplas vidare till rätt avdelning inom kundtjänsten. Våra data har tillhandahållits av företaget Voice Provider som utvecklar, implementerar och underhåller kundtjänstsystem. Voice Provider kom vi i kontakt med via Institutionen för tal, musik och hörsel (TMH), vid Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, som deltar i SpeDial-projektet. Arbetet gick initialt ut på att förbereda tillhandahållen data för att kunna användas av maskininlärningsverktyget WEKAs inbyggda klassificerare, varefter sex klassificerare valdes ut för vidare utvärdering. Resultaten visar att ingen av klassificerarna lyckades utföra uppgiften på ett fullt ut tillfredsställande sätt. Den som lyckades bäst var dock metoden Random Forest. Det är svårt att dra några ytterligare slutsatser från resultaten. / This work consists of two parts. The first part aims to describe and analyze the call center industry in Sweden and the factors that affect the industry and its development. The analysis is based on two models: Porter’s five forces and PEST. The focus is mainly on the part of the industry that consists of customer service operations. The analysis shows that the industry is mainly affected by high competition and businesses’, that need to provide customer service, choice between internal or external customer service operations. The analysis also indicates that the industry will continue to grow and that there is a trend that companies increasingly choose to outsource their customer service. The development of  the technological solutions used in call centers, for example, dialogue systems, are requested by companies as these are important tools to create a well-functioning customer service. Digital systems today have obvious development areas. It is often large international companies or international teams that develop the digital systems used. However, extends the area of ​​use for these systems far beyond the call center industry. The second part involves identifying problematic dialogue system utterances using machine learning and is inspired by SpeDial, an EU project aimed at improving dialogue systems. Problematic dialogue system utterances can be considered problematic depending on, for example, that the system misinterprets the user's intention. The aim of the work done in the second part is to investigate what or which machine learning methods in the WEKA tool that are best suited to identify problematic dialogue system utterances. The data used in this work comes from a customer service entrance based on free speech, which means that the user is asked to describe their case to be transferred to the right department within the customer service. Our data has been provided by the company Voice Provider that develops, implements and maintains customer service systems. We came in contact with Voice Provider through the Department of Speech, Music and Hearing (TMH), at the Royal Institute of Technology, that are involved in the SpeDial project. The work initially consisted of preparing the supplied data to enable it to me used by the machine learning tool WEKA’s built-in classifiers, after which six classifiers were selected for further evaluation. The results show that none of the classifiers managed to accomplish the task in a fully satisfactory manner.  Whoever the method that was most successful was the Random Forest method. It is difficult to draw any further conclusions from the results.

This master thesis is based on the service non-governmental organizations (NGO) which provides mainly social services to the public. The master thesis focuses on the service and non-service activities of this organizations with an emphasis on the non-service activities. This thesis investigates how these NGO's theoretically realize the functions of NGO's through these activities and with what functions are the certain activities connected. The important element is to describe and categorize the non-service activities and explain how they were realized, why they were realized and if they are important for the head of these organizations. The master thesis also directs on financing of NGO's and on the problem, that service NGO's are very often dependent on the state financial sources. This thesis shows how the financial system of researched NGO's relates to the non-service activities of these organizations. The branch of my research are youth clubs. Key words: Functions of NGO's, groups of activities of NGO's, financing, youth clubs, problematic youth

This study examined the association of social anxiety, loneliness, and problematic Internet use (PIU) with the online solicitation of minors. Within a convenience sample of adult Internet users from Germany, Finland, and Sweden (N = 2,828), we compared the responses of participants who had not interacted sexually with strangers online (n = 2,049) with participants who sexually interacted with unknown adults online (n = 642), and both groups with adults who sexually solicited unknown minors online (n = 137). Online sexual interaction with adults was associated with higher levels of social anxiety, loneliness, and PIU compared with not sexually interacting with strangers online. Sexually soliciting minors online was associated with higher levels of social anxiety, loneliness, and PIU compared with sexually interacting with adults and not sexually interacting with strangers at all. Interestingly, compared with those with adult contacts, loneliness was specifically pronounced for participants who solicited children, whereas social anxiety and PIU were pronounced for participants soliciting adolescents. These findings suggest that social anxiety, loneliness, and PIU may be among the motivators for using the Internet to solicit individuals of different age groups for sexual purposes. These factors emerged as specifically relevant for adults who sexually solicited minors and who reported greater impairments compared with adults who sexually interacted with adults. These characteristics may thus be important to consider for assessment and treatment procedures for individuals soliciting minors online.

Mechanical knowledge is presently considered to be the major problem in di- dactics of mathematics. The aim of this diploma thesis is first, to diagnose possible instances of mechanical knowledge in cognition of an A student, i.e. a student with excellent results in mathematics, and second, to provide a dis- cussion of their probable causes. The thesis consists of two parts. In the first part, i.e. the theoretical one, the concepts which are essential for the empirical part are introduced. The pivotal sections of the theoretical part of this thesis are therefore devoted to the introduction to the theory of generic models and mechanical knowledge. In case of mechanical knowledge, the emphasis is put on a discussion of its possible causes, as well as ways of their diagnostics, reeducation and prevention. The empirical part of the thesis is dedicated to a case study which was conducted. In this study, a number of examples of mechanical knowledge in va- rious branches of mathematics were identified in cognition of a lower-secondary student, based on the analysis of in-depth interviews and teaching materials. It is concluded that the most probable cause of the identified instances of me- chanical knowledge is the transmissive education style, in which the priority is placed on remembering definitions...

The global average screen time on smartphones reaches up to 4 hours, revealed App Annie. In recent years, there have also been increasing concerns about the problematic use of smartphones and its impact on public health, such as sleep hygiene, cognitive capacity, and mental health. According to Tristan Harris, a former Design Ethicist at Google, enabling grayscale is a possible way to reduce screen time, because it makes the smartphone less attractive. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to perform an experiment to confirm or reject the functionality of this recommendation and at the same time, through in-depth interviews with its participants, to describe how they perceive it and how it affects them.

This thesis aims to describe the addictive design of digital technologies together with its principles through the concept of the attention economy, problematic use of technology, the discipline of design, and mental processes behind the formation of the habit. Besides that, the goal is to map the Czech environment of user awareness of this type of design and its principles by a quantitative questionnaire survey.