The unemployment leads to a deprivation of basic needs. Seriousness of unemployment depends on the lenght of its duration. Long-term unemployment leads to the apathy and evokes a short-time thinking. One of the main targets of employment policy is reduction of a long - term unemployment. The method of questionary investigation was used to gather the information. There were two questionary forms, one of them for the employed and second one for the jobless informants. Both forms contained total of 16 questions. Questions in a form for the employed were aimed to a fear of a losing of the job and questions aimed to the spending of a leisure time. In questionary forms for the jobless were questions aimed to a spending of a leisure time and questions aimed to their tendency to find a job. The experimental set of the employed was formed by the inhabitants of Budweis in South Bohemia. Rate of the returned questionary forms was 98%. The experimental set of the unemployed was formed from the jobless people registered in employment office in Budweis. Rate of the returned questionaries reached 87%. In my work I wanted to refer about problems of the unemployment with regard to human mentall condition. The aim of my work was to evaluate if the unemployment influenced human mentall condition. I predicted three hypotheses. Hypothesis No.1: Groups of person with problematic use on the employment market have a fear of losing the job, was confirmed. Hypothesis No.2: The empleyed people are using their leisure time for their perosnal growth than the people unemployed for more than 6 months, was confirmed. Hypothesis No.3: The people unemployed for a period more than 6 months have a smaller interest to find a job than the people unemployed for the period of 6 months and less, was confirmed also. The thesis treats the unemployment´s influence of a human mentall condition.This work has personally for me an impact of getting a theoretical knowledge about studied topic. The results point-out the fact that the unemployment influence a leisure-time activities. Duration of the unemployment influences an interest to find a job and competence to the risk group of the employed leads to the fear of losing a job and to the fear of searching for a new job. Benefit of my thesis might be useful for the education at the Faculty of Health and Social Studies

The thesis deals with the issue of care of drug addicts in the in the Czech Republic, particularly the Harm Reduction. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the above-mentioned working procedures with clients, the legislative framework of the services and the current situation on the drug scene in the Czech Republic. The practical part uses a qualitative form of research. The information was collected by means of structured interviews with open questions. The respondents were eleven workers of contact centres in the Central Bohemian region which has five such facilities. I cooperated with four of them for the purposes of the thesis. The objective of the thesis was to demonstrate that the Harm Reduction services are important and beneficial from the viewpoint of workers of contact centres and to find out whether the contact workers have any suggestions about how to improve the Harm Reduction services in the Czech Republic.

The thesis "Effects of surgery treatment of epilepsy on psychosocial condition of the patients" deals with the disease which causes many social effects on the patients. The most frequent ones are limitations in the working life and mental problems. I am interested in the epilepsy issue and therefore I have selected this topic which continues the bachelor thesis written in 2008. The objective of my work was to determine effects of epileptosurgery on the work life and on the mental area. Two hypotheses were established which assumed that the surgical treatment improved the patient´s life both in the working and in the mental spheres. The hypotheses were tested by means of quantitative research; questionnaires were used for the collection of data and the respondents were adult patients, who underwent surgical treatment of epilepsy and have been in the care of the Center of Epilepsy Na Homolce in Prague, and patients in the care of neurology departments in České Budějovice and in Strakonice. The results have shown that the epileptosurgery failed to improve the lives of the patients in the working sphere and thus the first hypothesis was not confirmed. Many of the patients are still unemployed and they still find it difficult to find jobs. The offer of vacancies has not increased much after the surgery. Those who work often feel stress and anxiety as a result. Some patients even lost jobs after the surgery or their working positions do not correspond to the achieved qualification level, experience and potential. The improvement in the mental area has been confirmed and many of the patients no more suffer from mental problems they had before the surgery. In some of the respondents mental disorders diminished or disappeared entirely. They are more self-confident, more even-tempered and they need less professional help. In this area I see the effects of surgical treatment as very beneficial. The results of my thesis might be used in publications for the general public, as well as for professionals specializing in the field.

Submitted by Maria Bernadete Dos Santos (mariabpds@id.uff.br) on 2018-01-26T13:12:45Z No. of bitstreams: 3 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Álvaro Siguiné.pdf: 2792616 bytes, checksum: 7437fefd1efa6ea223012979a53344ed (MD5) Produto Álvaro Siguiné.pdf: 121985 bytes, checksum: 74530ac396fd8302a3a2ad85e3f3078c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca Central do Valonguinho Biblioteca Central do Valonguinho (bcv@ndc.uff.br) on 2018-03-22T16:46:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 Dissertação Álvaro Siguiné.pdf: 2792616 bytes, checksum: 7437fefd1efa6ea223012979a53344ed (MD5) Produto Álvaro Siguiné.pdf: 121985 bytes, checksum: 74530ac396fd8302a3a2ad85e3f3078c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-22T16:46:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Dissertação Álvaro Siguiné.pdf: 2792616 bytes, checksum: 7437fefd1efa6ea223012979a53344ed (MD5) Produto Álvaro Siguiné.pdf: 121985 bytes, checksum: 74530ac396fd8302a3a2ad85e3f3078c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Na presente dissertação será apresentada uma proposta didática – metodológica para o ensino de Física na Educação Básica, que tem como referência os pressupostos do educador Paulo Freire. Os documentos oficiais, tais como, a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional e os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, assim como pesquisas publicadas para o ensino de Física apontam a necessidade de se aliar teoria e prática para a construção de um conhecimento científico efetivo, que tenha significado na vida dos educandos e os ajude a compreender o universo ao seu redor. Para superar um ensino que tradicionalmente é pautado no acúmulo de informações desconectadas da realidade dos estudantes, tais como fórmulas e definições, e que são descartadas após o período escolar, buscamos identificar as principais contribuições de Paulo Freire para um rompimento com a abordagem tradicional dos conteúdos de Física no Ensino Médio, de modo a torná-lo eficaz aos alunos para além do momento e espaço escolar. Para tanto, como ponto de partida, realizamos um estudo teórico com predominância sobre as obras de Paulo Freire, particularmente, nos livros Pedagogia do Oprimido e Pedagogia da Autonomia. Freire propõe uma educação problematizadora, norteada pelo diálogo entre educandos e educador. Os pressupostos freireanos balizaram a etapa metodológica seguinte, em que assumimos o duplo papel de professor-pesquisador, com a proposição de proposta didático-metodológica atrelada ao tema “trajeto para escola: o transporte coletivo” e sua implementação junto a estudantes da 1ª série do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, situada no município de São Gonçalo, ao longo do ano letivo de 2016. O diálogo e a busca por uma superação à educação bancária nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem nos conduziram a uma parceria com os alunos e alunas na produção de vídeos didáticos com ênfase em cenas reais vivenciadas pelos estudantes relacionadas à Mecânica, mais especificamente, ao estudo de forças e movimento. Para o registro dos dados da investigação utilizamos caderno de bordo, cuja análise subsidiou os resultados alcançados que, por meio das atividades em sala de aula e das extraclasses, demonstraram a atualidade do pensamento de Freire, no sentido de sua contribuição para o rompimento com a abordagem tradicional dos conteúdos e consequente melhoria do ensino de Física no Nível Médio da Educação Básica, tornando-o eficaz aos alunos e às alunas para além do momento e espaço escolar. / In this dissertation a didactic methodological proposal for the teaching of Physics in Initial Education will be presented. The main reference used in this study was by Paulo Freire. Official documents, such as the National Education Guidelines and Bases Law and the National Curricular Parameters, as well as published researches for Physics teaching, point to the need to combine theory and practice for the construction of an effective scientific knowledge that has a meaning in the lives of learners and helps them to understand the universe around them. In order to overcome a traditional teaching based on the accumulation of information disconnected from the students' reality, such as formulas and definitions, which are discarded after the school period, we seek to identify the main contributions of Paulo Freire to a rupture with the traditional Approach of the contents of the Physics in High School, as a way to make it effective for students beyond the time and school space. For that to happen, the starting point was the realization of a theoretical study in the main works of Paulo Freire, for example, such as Pedagogia do Oprimido e Pedagogia da Autonomia. Freire proposes a problematical education, guided by the dialogue between students and teachers. The Freirean assumptions were based on the following methodological stage, in which we assumed the dual role of professor-researcher, with a proposal of a didactic-methodological linked to the theme "path to school: public transport" and its implementation with students of the 1st grade Secondary education of a public school in the State of Rio de Janeiro, located in the municipality of São Gonçalo, throughout the school year 2016. Dialogue and the search for an overcoming of banking education in the teaching and learning processes led us to a partnership with students in the production of didactic videos with an emphasis on real scenes experienced by the students related to Mechanics, more specifically, the study of forces and movement. In order to record the data of the research, we used the on-board notebook, whose analysis subsidized the results achieved, through classroom and extraclass activities, showing the current thinking of Freire, in the sense of his contribution to the break with the a traditional approach to content and a consequent improvement in the teaching of Physics in the Middle Level of Basic Education, making it effective for students beyond the time and space of the school.

Syftet med vårt arbete är att undersöka hur hemtjänstpersonal ser på problematisk alkoholkonsumtion i förhållande till självbestämmande bland äldre samt om det kan ha betydelse för deras omsorg av den äldre. Kvalitativa halvstrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med hemtjänstpersonal (n=4) som analyserades hermeneutiskt utifrån teorier om makt och handlingsutrymme. Av resultaten framgår att självbestämmanderätten som Socialstyrelsen beskrivit den, är villkorad i hemtjänstpersonalens tolkning och att det saknas tydliga riktlinjer och rutiner i hemtjänstens arbete med äldre som har en problematisk alkoholkonsumtion. Resultaten visar att hemtjänstpersonalen gör individuella bedömningar i arbetet med äldre som har en problematisk alkoholkonsumtion. Det framgår att hemtjänstpersonalens arbete är förenat med svåra etiska ställningstaganden, där även maktförhållanden synliggörs och där hemtjänstpersonalen har tolkningsföreträde i förhållande till den äldre och förmynderi är en potentiell riskfaktor. En slutsats är att tydligare riktlinjer angående inköp av alkohol till äldre med en problematisk alkoholkonsumtion kan tänkas bidra till att hemtjänstpersonalen arbetar på ett mer likformigt sätt vilket i sin tur ökar rättssäkerheten för den äldre. / The aim of our study was to examine how integrity and self-determination is conceived by care assistants regarding older care takers with a problematic alcohol consumption, and if it affects their care provided. Qualitative semi-structured interviews, carried out with home care assistants (n=4) and analyzed hermeneutically with theories of power and discretion, showed that self-determination, as described by The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare, is fulfilled only under certain conditions in the home care assistant’s interpretation. We also found a lack of guidelines and routines concerning problematic alcohol consumption among older care takers. Our results showed that home care assistants made individual assessments in their work with older care takers with problematic alcohol consumption actualizing a difficult ethical dilemma between neglect and paternalism. These ethical issues visualize power relationships where home care assistants have the prerogative to decide in relation to the care takers, where paternalism is a potential risk factor. Clear guidelines regarding the purchase of alcohol to older care takers with problematic alcohol consumption may contribute to home care assistants working more uniformly which leads to a higher state of legal security for the care takers.

EU direktiv 2005/0182 röstades igenom i början av år 2006. All trafik-data kring Internet- och telekommunikation ska lagras mellan sex må-nader och ett år. Direktivet kommer innebära gemensamma regler för EU:s medlemsstater. Syftet med direktivet är att data ska lagras för till-gänglig vid utredning, avslöjande och åtal av grov organiserad brottslig-het och terrorism. Studien innehåller tre problemområden som behandlar andra gällande direktiv och konventioner, personlig integritet och etik. Först undersöks det nya direktivet i relation till European Convention on human rights (ECHR) Vidare förs diskussioner kring lagring av trafikdata och lokali-seringsdata i förhållande till personlig integritet. Även etikens syn på hur lagring av personuppgifter ska hanteras och rättfärdigas tas upp. Studien har kommit fram till ett resultat kring varje problemområde. I relation till redan gällande direktiv och konventioner visar studien att det är väldigt öppet för tolkningar. Dock är det framförallt mot artikel 8 i ECHR som det nya direktivet strider mot. Peter Seipel har definierat sex olika teorier kring synen på personlig in-tegritet. Direktivets påverkan på den personliga integriteten har analy-serats med hjälp av dessa teorier. Sammanfattningsvis kan det konstate-ras att lagring av trafikdata och lokaliseringsdata kan ses som ett in-trång i den personliga integriteten, frågan är om detta intrång är berät-tigat? Inom etiken är synen på direktivet koncentrerat till vems nytta direkti-vet är och vilket mål direktivet ska uppnå. Ofta hamnar olika regler och ställningstagande i konflikt med varandra där två saker kan ses som rätt, men de båda inte kan samexistera. / At the beginning of year 2006 EU directive 2005/0182 was approved by the European parliament. The directive contains rules concerning the retention of traffic and localization data created with electronically communication. This data will be stored between six months and 1 year depending on the data type. The intension is to use the data to detect, investigate and prosecute heavy criminals and terrorists. This study contains three different problem areas, if the directive op-poses to existing directives and conventions. The relationship between personal integrity and storage of personal information is also investi-gated. The last area is ethical issues with the storing of personal data. The result is divided into three parts, one for each problem area. It shows that the new directive don’t comply with article 8 in the European convention on human rights. Although all the articles presented are open for wide interpretation. Peter Seipel has made a categorization of six different views of the per-sonal integrity. It is clear that the new directive will affect the personal integrity. The ethical view on the directive is concentrated to who will benefit from the changes and witch goals are the directive set to meet. Often the rules of ethics will conflict with each other because of two sets of rules can’t exist together.

Les comportements sexuels problématiques (CSP) chez les enfants soulèvent questionnements et incompréhension. L’hétérogénéité des profils d’enfants qui manifestent des CSP rend cette problématique complexe au plan de la recherche et de l’intervention clinique. Alors que les recherches révèlent que les CSP des enfants sont grandement influencés par leur environnement familial, certaines pratiques familiales pourraient être liées à différents indices de gravité et de sévérité des comportements sexuels chez les enfants. Ces pratiques concernent les transgressions des frontières sexuelles, physiques et émotionnelles. Seulement quelques études à ce jour ont exploré le lien entre les pratiques parentales inappropriées sur le plan des frontières interpersonnelles et les CSP des enfants âgés de 5 à 13 ans. Très peu d’entre elles se sont réellement penchées sur la provenance du non-respect des frontières interpersonnelles. La recherche révèle que les expériences d’adversité vécues par les parents peuvent exercer une influence importante puisqu’elles peuvent interférer avec la capacité des parents à offrir un environnement familial prévisible, à prodiguer des soins et à le faire dans le respect du développement psychosexuel de leurs enfants. Objectifs. L’objectif général de ce mémoire est de mieux comprendre l’association possible entre les transgressions des frontières interpersonnelles au sein du milieu familial et la manifestation de différents niveaux de CSP chez leurs enfants, âgés de 5 à 13 ans. Les CSP sont évalués à partir d’un cumul d’indices de gravité et de sévérité incluant l’étendue, l’intensité, la variété, la persistance et le niveau de coercition. L’objectif secondaire de ce mémoire concerne davantage l’historique des parents et vise à mieux comprendre les facteurs associés aux transgressions des frontières sexuelles, physiques et émotionnelles dans leur environnement familial actuel. L’influence des transgressions des frontières interpersonnelles dans leur l’enfance, la défavorisation socioéconomique, la détresse psychologique du parent et la victimisation sexuelle est ainsi évaluée. Méthode. L’échantillon est constitué de 58 dyades parent-enfant (M âge enfant = 9,36 ans ; É-T = 1,90 ; 74,1 % garçons) bénéficiant d’une évaluation des besoins préalable à une psychothérapie pour les CSP de l’enfant. Des analyses bivariées ont permis de comparer les caractéristiques des enfants exposés à un niveau plus élevé des transgressions des frontières sur le plan sexuel, physique et émotionnel. Un modèle de régression linéaire hiérarchique a permis d’examiner l’influence de différentes caractéristiques mesurées chez les parents sur les transgressions des frontières interpersonnelles à la maison. Résultats. Les résultats révèlent que les enfants vivant dans un milieu familial où le niveau des transgressions des frontières interpersonnelles est plus important se distinguent par différents indices de gravité et de sévérité de leurs CSP, des comportements extériorisés plus nombreux ainsi que par un plus grand manque de flexibilité et de stabilité dans leur humeur. Quant aux parents, leur propre exposition aux transgressions des frontières interpersonnelles pendant leur enfance, leur défavorisation socioéconomique et leur niveau de détresse psychologique sont des facteurs associés aux transgressions des frontières interpersonnelles. En contrepartie, il n’y a pas d’association significative entre la victimisation sexuelle des parents et les transgressions des frontières interpersonnelles. Conclusion. Les résultats de ce mémoire attestent de la pertinence de prendre en compte les transgressions des frontières interpersonnelles pendant l’enfance des parents puisqu’elle peut avoir une incidence, ou se rejouer au sein de la famille actuelle des enfants qui présentent des CSP. Les résultats mettent aussi de l’avant l’importance d’assister les parents d’enfants manifestant des CSP puisqu’ils demeurent les premiers agents de changement pour rétablir un environnement sécurisant et respectueux de l’intimité de chacun sur tous les plans. Les dynamiques familiales étant complexes, cette étude soutient l’apport d’un instrument de mesure permettant d’aborder dès l’évaluation un aspect important, mais peu étudié de ces dynamiques relationnelles qu’on observe souvent dans les familles d’enfants présentant des CSP, celui du respect des frontières. / Problematic sexual behaviours (PSBs) in children are often misunderstood and raise many questions. Children with PSB constitute a particularly heterogenous population, which challenges research as well the elaboration of tailored clinical interventions. While research shows that children's PSBs are greatly influenced by their family environment, some family practises may be linked to various indices of PSB gravity and severity. These practices include the transgression of sexual, physical and emotional boundaries. Only a few studies have explored the link between inappropriate parental practices, and even fewer have addressed the origins of such practices. The adverse experiences of the parents are important to consider since they can influence the parent’s general ability to provide appropriate care for their children and can potentially influence children’s’ psychosexual development and behaviours. Objectives. The general objective of this study is to better understand the possible association between the transgression of interpersonal boundaries of the family and the manifestation of different levels of PSBs in their children aged 6 to 12 years old, as assessed with a compute of severity indices including the extent, intensity, variety, persistence and level of coercion of PSB. The secondary objective of this study concerns the past and current life experiences of the parents, and aims to better understand the factors associated with the transgressions of sexual, physical and emotional boundaries in their present family environment. Factors assessed in parents include the influence of the transgressions of interpersonal boundaries in their childhood, indices of their present socioeconomic deprivation and their level of psychological distress. Method. The sample consists of 58 parent-child dyads (M child’s age = 9.36 years; SD = 1.90; 74.1% boys) recruited in the context of a needs assessment prior to psychotherapy for children with PSBs. Bivariate analyses made it possible to compare the characteristics of children exposed to a higher level of transgressions of sexual, physical and emotional boundaries. A hierarchical linear regression model allowed to estimate the influence of various characteristics of the parent with the transgressions of interpersonal boundaries at home. Results. The results revealed that the children living in a family environment where the transgression of interpersonal boundaries was more significant were differentiated by a higher severity compute score of PSB, more externalized behaviours as well as a greater lack of flexibility and stability in their mood. As for the parents, their own exposure to transgressions of interpersonal boundaries in their childhood, socioeconomic deprivation and psychological distress and are all factors associated with the transgressions of interpersonal boundaries. On the other hand, there’s no significant association between the sexual victimization of the transgressions of interpersonal boundaries. Conclusion. The results of this study demonstrate the relevance of taking into account the transgressions of interpersonal boundaries since they can have an impact of replay within the current family of children with PBSs. The results highlight the importance of taking charge of the parents of children manifesting PSBs since they remain the primary agents of change. Their influence should be taken into account in a model of parent-child interactions that would better represent the complex dynamics of families. Assessing parents' individual variables and several environmental factors may help to better understand intrusive parenting practises as well as violence perpetrated across generations.

De centrala stödteamen som studerats i denna studie är ett komplement till den lagstadgade verksamheten i sina respektive kommuner i arbetet med elever som utmanar i skolan och /eller är i problematisk skolfrånvaro. De studerade teamen arbetar på uppdrag av socialförvaltningen, Barn och ungdomsförvaltningen eller en kombination av de båda. Studien är gjord med den grundade teorin som metod och med ett socialkonstruktionistiskt perspektiv då både metod och teori lyfter informanternas upplevelse av sin verklighet. Syftet med denna studie är att analysera de framgångsfaktorer men även hinder som några studerade centrala stödteam upplever i arbetet med elever i problematisk skolfrånvaro. Det som framkommer i studien är att de studerade stödteamens konstruktion och centrala styrning där genom att verka på alla skolor i en kommun gör det möjligt att använda sig av både de bemötanden och förutsättningar som presenteras i studiens resultat.De framgångsfaktorer som framkommit i studien som också är studiens main concern är uppdelade i två huvudgrupper. Den ena är Framgångsrika Bemötanden där några nyckelkategorier blivit centrala. Dessa nyckelkategorier är; Icke-dömande, Respekterande, Inlyssnande, Förstående, Icke kravsättande, Avlastande, Samarbetande, Samordnande samt Relationsskapande. De studerade teamen menar att det inte går att prioritera dessa kategorier, men att Icke-dömandet är en förutsättning för de övriga. Den andra huvudgruppen är Gynnsamma Förutsättningar. Denna huvudgrupp delas in i: Tid, Kompetens och erfarenhet, Likvärdighet, Upparbetade relationer, Intensivvarande samt organisation. I studien har också framkommit hinder i de studerade teamens verksamhet. Dessa framkommer i olika grad samt på olika sätt för de studerade teamen, men har sammanfattats i några faktorer; Sekretess, Bedömda/dömda pedagoger-ledning, Dömande personal, Komma in i “slutna hem” samt Ekonomi. Dessa hinder menar de studerade teamen kan bromsa upp effektiviteten i både tid och insats i ett ärende de verkar i. Den organisatoriska lösningen där både socialtjänst och skola samverkar är den konstellation som enligt de studerade stödteamen är den bästa och då i kombination med att det i teamet finns både lärare som kan tala skolans språk och även tala med skolan utan att upplevas okunnig eller oförstående. Detsamma gäller anledningen till att socialtjänsten är representerad med en socionom som kan möta socialtjänsten på samma sätt. / The central support team in this study are a complement to the ordinary work with students that is challenging the school or/ and are in problematic school absenteeism. The study uses the grounded theory as method and a social constructive perspective when both method and theory explain the informers experience of their own reality.  Studien är gjord med den grundade teorin som metod och med ett socialkonstruktionistiskt perspektiv då både metod och teori lyfter informanternas upplevelse av sin verklighet. The teams that been studied are initiated by the social department, the school department and some by a mix of them both. The mix are de model that all teams meant was the most successful and best suited constellation with a teacher and a social worker, working together. The reason with this opinion is that the team in the study explains it with the credibility that teacher are better suited to talk with the school and the social worker are better suited to run the communication with the social services. The purpose with this study is to reveal the factors of success in some central support teams work with students in problematic school absenteeism, and also unveil the obstacles that the studied support team could meet in their work with these students. What the study shaws is that how the studied team were constructed with their professions and the fact that they are under a central control and not are tied to one separate school or area were the main factor that allows both the factors of success and the favourable prerequisite that is the two main concerns with this study to work.The factors of success that appeared in the study are represented by two main concerns, the first one is the Personal treatment meeting with people. Some key categories that construct this factor of success are None-judging, Respecting, In-listening, Understanding, Not demanding, to unburden, Cooperating, Coworking and Relation construction. The teams in the study point out that there is impossible to prioritize these categories, but the None-judging behaviour is the prerequisite for the others.The second main concern is the favourable prerequisite for the teams to work. This main consern is divided in; Time, competence and experience, comparability, already done relations, intensity being and organization. The team in the study have an agreement in that it is these categories that divide them from the ordinary work whit students in problematic school absenteeism in their municipalities and that is their strikingness that is the key to make the factors of success to work.In this study there also appeared some obstacles in the work for the teams. These obstacles appear in different grade and different ways for the team in the study, but are concluded in the key categories, Confidentiality, judged/ condemned school personnel, Judgemental personnel, to enter closed homes and economy. These categories the team in the study are factors that can inhibit their work and make it less efficient over time and in effort and also are results presented in the study.

This study focused on the behaviours of adult video game players in the context of positive and negative effects of video games, to accurately differentiate video game addicts from highly engaged and non-addicted players. To accomplish this, we adopted the Problematic Video Game Playing Test (PVGT) to measure the components of addiction and Flow Short Scale (FSS) to measure high-level engagement. This is a concept which has been lost in the previous studies, setting the current study apart from other studies which were primarily concerned with investigating the negative impact of video games on its players. To get the data needed for this study, we conducted an online survey with a 40-item questionnaire which included demographic information of the respondents, gaming experience and behavioural components of flow and addiction. We were able to attract 80 adult video game players to participate in the study. Our findings showed that 60% of these 80 adult video game players were not addicted, 34% were highly engaged while 6% of the players were addicted. These findings helped us to infer that not all highly engaged video game players are addicted. Furthermore, most of the addicted players were players who have been playing video games for a long time.

The thesis on "Critical places at the first stage of primary school in the teaching of mathematics by the Hejný method" focuses on the problematic places of the Hejný method, which make it difficult for teachers and especially their pupils at the first stage of primary schools. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the constructivist and transient educational style teaching of mathematics using the Hejný method are characterized. The critical points in mathematics identified in the project of the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic are also introduced and conceived into a unified structure. The theoretical part also includes an analysis of pupil solutions to mathematical tasks from the 2015 TIMSS international survey. The empirical part deals with the experience and view of primary school teachers in teaching mathematics by the Hejný method. The first research survey finds from future primary school teachers their experience and opinions on this method. The second research survey focuses on the identification of problematic places and roles in the teaching of mathematics by the Hejný method from the point of view of teachers who teach mathematics using the Hejný method at the first stage of primary schools. The questionnaire survey was carried out using the questionnaire method, which identifies...