Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-23T19:32:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Dan?bia Gon?alves Ribeiro.pdf: 824606 bytes, checksum: dd284e46bd5222c0f71d865d8ad108b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-23T19:32:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Dan?bia Gon?alves Ribeiro.pdf: 824606 bytes, checksum: dd284e46bd5222c0f71d865d8ad108b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-23 / Information about the mineral nutrition of new varieties of pineapple (Ananas comosus), and about the nutrient absorption of the preformed root system of micropropagated plantlets, is lacking. This work had the objective to evaluate the contribution of the preformed roots of pineapple seedlings cultivar ?Vit?ria? in plant growth and nitrogen (N) absorption in the first months of acclimatization of the seedlings. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in the Department of Fitotecnia of UFRRJ, Serop?dica (RJ). The experimental design was randomized blocks in an incomplete factorial design, with three treatments of root pruning (without pruning, half pruning and total pruning), four times of N application (0, 30, 60 and 90 days after transplant ? DAT), four plant harvests at different growth stages (30, 60, 90 and 120 DAT), and five replications, summing 150 experimental units. The substrate was the A horizon of Planosol in 5 kg pots. At harvests, the shoot and root dry weight was measured. The root systems were scanned and their area and length determined by digital image analysis. Concentrations and content of N in shoots and roots, and the influx of N into roots, were determined. Plants without root pruning produced higher shoot mass at every harvest. The application of N at 0 or 30 DAT provided a larger shoot mass at 60 and 120 DAT. After 120 DAT, the plants that received root pruning had lower root mass, area and length, than those plants without pruning. Time of N application did not affect the mass, area or length of roots. The N application after 60 DAT caused higher biomass allocation to roots, increasing root:shoot ratio. Plants without root pruning showed higher specific root area and length at 30 and 60 DAT, hence thinner roots. Time of N application did not affected the N accumulation in shoots, but plants without root pruning and that received N at 0 and 30 DAT had a dilution effect of N, with lower shoot N concentration. Total root pruning provided lower N accumulation in plants. Influx of N per root area and root length was not affected by time of N application. Influx of N into roots was higher in plants that received root pruning, since they presented younger roots with higher absorption activity. It is concluded that the preformed root system of pineapple plantlets is able to absorb N during the first months after planting, and that the practice of pruning the root system, entirely or partially, leads to lower initial plant growth. / H? car?ncia de informa??es sobre a nutri??o mineral das novas variedades de abacaxi (Ananas comosus), bem como sobre o manejo do sistema radicular pr?-formado das mudas micropropagadas e sua efici?ncia na absor??o de nutrientes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a contribui??o das ra?zes pr?-formadas em mudas micropropagadas de abacaxizeiro cultivar ?Vit?ria? no crescimento e absor??o de nitrog?nio (N) nos primeiros meses de aclimata??o das mudas. Foi conduzido um experimento em casa de vegeta??o no Departamento de Fitotecnia da UFRRJ, em Serop?dica (RJ). O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial incompleto, com tr?s tratamentos de poda de raiz (sem poda, meia poda e poda total), quatro ?pocas de aplica??o de N (aos 0, 30, 60 e 90 dias ap?s transplante ? DAT), quatro coletas em diferentes est?dios de crescimento (aos 30, 60, 90 e 120 DAT) e cinco repeti??es, totalizando 150 unidades experimentais. O substrato foi horizonte A de Planossolo em vasos de 5 kg. Nas coletas, foi mensurada a massa seca da parte a?rea e da raiz. Os sistemas radiculares foram digitalizados e sua ?rea e comprimento determinados por an?lise digital de imagens. Foram determinados os teores e conte?dos de N na parte a?rea e ra?zes, e o influxo de N nas ra?zes. As plantas sem poda de raiz produziram maior massa de parte a?rea em todas as ?pocas de avalia??o. A aplica??o do adubo nitrogenado aos 0 ou 30 DAT proporcionou maior massa de parte a?rea aos 60 e aos 120 DAT. Decorridos 120 DAT, as plantas que receberam poda de raiz apresentaram massa, ?rea e comprimento radicular inferiores ?s que n?o receberam. A ?poca de aplica??o do adubo nitrogenado n?o influenciou na massa, ?rea e comprimento radicular. A aplica??o do N ap?s 60 DAT causou maior aloca??o de biomassa nas ra?zes, aumentando a rela??o raiz:parte a?rea. As plantas sem poda de raiz apresentaram maior ?rea radicular espec?fica e comprimento radicular espec?fico aos 30 e 60 DAT, ou seja, ra?zes mais finas. A ?poca de aplica??o de N n?o modificou a acumula??o de N na parte a?rea, mas as plantas sem poda de raiz e com aplica??o de N aos 0 e 30 DAT apresentaram efeito de dilui??o do N, com menor teor de N na parte a?rea. A poda total proporcionou menor acumula??o de N nas plantas. O influxo de N por ?rea e por comprimento radicular n?o sofreu influ?ncia da ?poca de aplica??o de N. O influxo radicular de N foi maior nas plantas que receberam poda total, por apresentarem ra?zes mais novas, com maior atividade de absor??o. Pode-se concluir que o sistema radicular pr?-formado presente nas mudas micropropagadas de abacaxi se mostrou apto em absorver o N nos primeiros meses ap?s o plantio, e que a pr?tica da poda do sistema radicular, total ou parcial, acarreta menor desenvolvimento inicial das plantas.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-12-20T10:49:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_EDIANE_CANCI_COMPLETO.pdf: 1284175 bytes, checksum: 19de6c8d76beb1aba8a6a0a45f614c33 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-20T10:49:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_EDIANE_CANCI_COMPLETO.pdf: 1284175 bytes, checksum: 19de6c8d76beb1aba8a6a0a45f614c33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-30 / This dissertation investigates the format of Innovation Possibilities Function to the United States in the period of 1950 to 2011. Is used the theoretical model of Kennedy (1964) for the estimation of an econometric model series time between the growth rates of labor productivity and capital. The database used was the United States Long Term - USLT organized by Dumenil and Levy (1994). The results suggest that the Innovation Possibilities Function is compatible with the description of technical progress happened during the analysis period and point the existence of a trade-off between the growth rates of labor productivity and capital to the United States in the period in study. / A presente disserta??o investiga o formato da Fronteira de Possibilidades de Inova??o para os Estados Unidos no per?odo de 1950 a 2011. Utiliza-se o modelo te?rico de Kennedy (1964) para a estima??o de um modelo econom?trico de s?ries de tempo entre as taxas de crescimento das produtividades do trabalho e do capital. O banco de dados utilizado foi o United States Long Term ? USLT, organizado por Dumenil e L?vy (1994). Os resultados sugerem que a Fronteira de Possibilidades de Inova??o ? compat?vel com a descri??o do progresso t?cnico ocorrido no per?odo de an?lise e apontam a exist?ncia de um trade-off entre as taxas de crescimento das produtividades do trabalho e do capital para os Estados Unidos no per?odo em estudo.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:51:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 460927.pdf: 1283521 bytes, checksum: 4cd3a506cc6198771e3bac28f9c816ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27 / The raw glycerol derived from the biodiesel production is considered an industrial waste that has raised great concerns in the biofuels industry, mainly due to its low commercial value, its reduced assimilation after purification as well as to the high costs associated with its disposal. In this context, the use of microorganisms on biodegradation processes and bioconversion of raw glycerol to molecules with high added-values tends to enhance the biodiesel production chain, and minimize environmental impacts associated with its disposal, often done improperly. Thus, the goal of this work was to investigate and identify, in different environmental samples, the presence of yeasts capable of using raw glycerol as sole carbon source, and investigate in a preliminary manner their eventual metabolic products. Fifty-seven yeasts derived from the regional biodiversity were evaluated and five of them were selected as metabolically able for raw glycerol consumption. The selected isolates were cultured under different conditions of temperature, glycerol concentration and oxygenation in order to establish the best growing conditions. In order to investigate eventual products generated from the raw glycerol assimilation, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses and emulsification assays were performed. As results, this work presents the first report of raw glycerol consumption by Zygowilliopsis californica, Pichia fermentans, Candida melibiosica and by a probable new yeast species of Candida genus (Candida sp.) isolated in this work. Still, this is the first report of this metabolic feature for a species of Zygowilliopsis genus. Moreover, Z. californica and Candida sp. presented some evidence to bear the metabolic potential to produce molecules of industrial interest from raw glycerol. These data may contribute for future strategies that aim the value increase of the biodiesel production chain. / O glicerol bruto derivado da produ??o do biodiesel ? considerado um rejeito industrial que tem despertado grande preocupa??o na ind?stria de biocombust?veis, dentre outros fatores, devido ao seu baixo valor comercial, sua reduzida assimila??o ap?s processo de purifica??o e aos altos custos associados ao seu descarte. Nesse contexto, a aplica??o de microrganismos em processos de biodegrada??o ou bioconvers?o do glicerol bruto em mol?culas de maior valor agregado tende a valorizar a cadeia produtiva do biodiesel, e a minimizar impactos ambientais associados ao seu descarte, muitas vezes feito de forma inadequada. Deste modo, o objetivo desde trabalho foi investigar e identificar, em diferentes amostras ambientais, a presen?a de leveduras capazes de utilizar, como ?nica fonte de carbono, o glicerol bruto, bem como investigar de maneira preliminar eventuais produtos metab?licos. Cinquenta e sete leveduras oriundas da biodiversidade local foram avaliadas e cinco delas selecionadas por apresentaram o potencial metab?lico de interesse. Os isolados selecionados foram cultivados sob diferentes condi??es de temperatura, concentra??o de glicerol e oxigena??o, com a finalidade de estabelecer as melhores condi??es para o seu crescimento. An?lises de cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia (CLAE) e de atividade emulsificante foram realizadas com a finalidade de investigar eventuais produtos gerados a partir do consumo do glicerol bruto. Como resultados, este trabalho traz o primeiro relato do potencial de utiliza??o de glicerol bruto por Zygowilliopsis californica, Pichia fermentans, Candida melibiosica e por uma prov?vel esp?cie nova do g?nero Candida (Candida sp.) isolada durante este trabalho. Esta ? tamb?m a primeira descri??o desta atividade metab?lica para uma esp?cie do g?nero Zygowilliopsis. De forma adicional, Z. californica e Candida sp. apresentaram ind?cios de capacidade metab?lica para bioconvers?o do glicerol bruto em mol?culas de valor industrial. Os dados levantados neste trabalho poder?o contribuir para futuras estrat?gias que visem ? valoriza??o da cadeia produtiva do biodiesel.

Submitted by PPG Educa??o (educacao-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-11-14T17:08:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O ANA PAULA TOLOTTI.pdf: 922829 bytes, checksum: 3bc0026a4ea4ba6511c41b75c452e586 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-11-16T13:32:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O ANA PAULA TOLOTTI.pdf: 922829 bytes, checksum: 3bc0026a4ea4ba6511c41b75c452e586 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-16T13:47:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O ANA PAULA TOLOTTI.pdf: 922829 bytes, checksum: 3bc0026a4ea4ba6511c41b75c452e586 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-14 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This research aims to analyze and understand the writing production process from students of the 4th grade (B10), from a school in the Municipal Educational System (RME) of Porto Alegre, in Brazil, using the student?s textual productions, as well as observing the different pedagogical practices applied by their teachers in the classroom. For this study, besides highlighting three important aspects for thedevelopment of skills for the text production such as cohesion, coherence and proper use of linguistic varieties, it is also necessary to deepen the knowledge about the Pedagogical Books (Cadernos Pedag?gicos), specifically the edition number nine, that presents the Political Pedagogic Project (PPP) for Porto Alegre?s Municipal Educational System. It is important to say that this document defines the educational organization based on Learning Cycles. Due to this study, this investigation has as analysis source the Second Learning Cycle. The present work is based on a qualitative research, having as support for the data examination, the Theory of Discursive Textual Analysis (MORAES; GALIAZZI, 2011). As a theoretical contribution, it is used the studies of Jolibert (1994), Charolles (1986), Halliday (1976), Koch (2016), Koch and Travaglia (2015), among others. As relevant marks of this work, it stands out the investigation about the implications that pedagogical practices used by teachers in the classroom promote in the construction of written productions at school and the pedagogical considerations that are possible from the structures of the writings produced by their students. / Esta pesquisa objetiva analisar e compreender os processos de constru??o das produ??es escritas de alunos de turmas de B10 (4? ano) de uma escola da rede p?blica municipal de Porto Alegre, utilizando-se de suas produ??es textuais, bem como realizando a observa??o das diferentes pr?ticas pedag?gicas empregadas por seus professores em sala de aula. Para este estudo, al?m de destacar tr?s aspectos importantes para o desenvolvimento de habilidades para a produ??o de textos: a coes?o, a coer?ncia e o uso adequado das variedades lingu?sticas; fez-se necess?rio, tamb?m, aprofundar os conhecimentos a respeito dos Cadernos Pedag?gicos, especificamente, a edi??o N? 9, que apresenta a Proposta Pol?tico-Pedag?gica (PPP) da Rede Municipal de Ensino (RME) de Porto Alegre. Cabe destacar que esse documento define a forma de organiza??o do ensino baseada nos Ciclos de Forma??o. Em decorr?ncia desse estudo, esta investiga??o teve como fonte de an?lise o Segundo Ciclo de Forma??o. A pesquisa aqui apresentada caracteriza-se por ser uma investiga??o qualitativa, tendo como suporte para a an?lise de dados a teoria da An?lise Textual Discursiva (MORAES; GALIAZZI, 2011). Como aporte te?rico, foram utilizados os estudos de Jolibert (1994), Charolles (1986), Halliday (1976), Koch (2016), Koch e Travaglia (2015), entre outros. Como marcas relevantes deste trabalho, destacam-se a investiga??o a respeito das implica??es que as pr?ticas pedag?gicas, utilizadas por professores em sala de aula, promovem na constru??o de produ??es escritas na escola, e as reflex?es pedag?gicas que s?o poss?veis a partir dos textos elaborados pelos alunos.

Submitted by Kelson Anthony de Menezes (kelson@ucb.br) on 2016-12-19T18:06:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RayaneLuziaViegasCamposDissertacao2015.pdf: 2888012 bytes, checksum: 8f9962ac7690fc08e072b81ccd8516db (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-19T18:06:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RayaneLuziaViegasCamposDissertacao2015.pdf: 2888012 bytes, checksum: 8f9962ac7690fc08e072b81ccd8516db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-31 / Biosurfactants are metabolites that contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains and are produced by various microorganisms. Due to its characteristics such molecules localize preferable in the interface of polar and non-polar solvents. Biosurfactants are widely used in pharmaceutic, cosmetic, food and agriculture industries. Moreover, they are considered advantageous when compared to chemical ones because they are biodegradable and non-toxic. Currently one of the best known biosurfactant is the rhamnolipids. However, their utilization in large scale are still not possible due to its high production costs. Rhamnolipids are produced mainly by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and are composed by one or two molecules of L-rhamnose attached to a fatty acid molecule. This study aimed the construction of yeast expression vectors that will be used to construct a recombinant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae efficient in the production of L-rhamnose and mono-rhamnolipid using sucrose as substrate. For the construction of these vectors, six different genes, responsible for encoding both L-rhamnose and mono-ramnolipideos biosynthetic pathways enzymes described in P. aeruginosa (rmlA, rmlB, rmlC, rmlD, rhlA and rhlB), and one gene, responsible for the synthesis of a substrate break enzyme, described in Pelomonas sacchraphyla (sucrose phosphorylase) were utilized. The genetic engineering proposed in this study is innovative, and has never been done before. The production of rhamnolipid in large-scale at low costs will be highly beneficial for the development of national technologies for production of high value-added chemical. / Biossurfactantes s??o metab??litos produzidos por diversos microrganismos. Estes cont??m um dom??nio hidrof??lico e outro hidrof??bico, estando preferencialmente na interface de compostos polares e apolares. Devido ??s suas propriedades, os biosurfactantes s??o capazes de reduzir a tens??o de superf??cies tendo uma ampla aplica????o na ind??stria farmac??utica, cosm??tica, aliment??cia e agr??cola. O uso de biossurfactante em compara????o com os de origem qu??mica s??o considerados vantajosos, uma vez que s??o biodegrad??veis e n??o t??xicos. Atualmente um dos biossurfactantes mais conhecido e dispon??vel comercialmente s??o os ramnolip??deos. No entanto, a utiliza????o destas mol??culas em larga escala ?? prejudicada devido aos seus elevados custos de produ????o. Ramnolip??deos s??o produzidos principalmente por Pseudomonas aeruginosa e s??o constitu??dos por uma ou duas mol??culas de L-ramnose ligada a uma mol??cula de ??cido graxo. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo a constru????o de vetores de express??o em levedura para posterior constru????o de cepas recombinantes de Saccharomyces cerevisiae visando a eficiente produ????o de L-ramnose e monoramnolip??deo a partir de sacarose. Para a constru????o desses vetores, foram utilizados seis genes, que codificam as enzimas respons??veis pelas vias de bioss??ntese de Lramnose e mono-ramnolipideos descritos em P. aeruginosa (rmlA, rmlB, rmlC, rmlD, rhlA e rhlB), e um gene, respons??vel pela s??ntese da enzima de quebra do substrato, descrito em Pelomonas sacchraphyla (sacarose fosforilase). A engenharia gen??tica proposta neste estudo ?? inovadora, e pela primeira vez realizada. Com a produ????o do ramnolip??deo em larga escala ?? um baixo custo de produ????o, beneficiar?? o desenvolvimento de tecnologias nacionais para produ????o de qu??micos de alto valor agregado.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-08-22T19:49:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Gepatrik Rodrigues Lima.pdf: 1199140 bytes, checksum: a162c3135ebd07b66364dfd0d3a3b7fd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-22T19:49:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Gepatrik Rodrigues Lima.pdf: 1199140 bytes, checksum: a162c3135ebd07b66364dfd0d3a3b7fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of herbicides applied on post- emergence on common bean cultivation, using chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters and visual evaluation, just after theirs application. The selectivity of the herbicide in the crop was also evaluated. The experiment was conducted in the crop science experimental field at the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. The treatments were the following herbicides, bentazon (720 g ha-1), fluazifop-p-butil (187,5 g ha-1), fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen (187,5 + 250 g ha-1), fomesafen (250 g ha-1), and two other treatments with or without weeds mechanical control, and the experimental design used was on randomized blocks, with six treatments and three replications. The bentazon was the only herbicide that induced a reduction in the maximum quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm), in photochemical quenching (qP) and in effective quantum yield of PS II (?FSII), while it promoted an increase in non photochemical quenching (NPQ) in the first day after its application. The Fv/Fm was the best discriminatory parameter for the evaluation of the effects of the herbicide on photosynthetic apparatus of plants in the field. All the herbicides used did not promote phytotoxicity or bean yield reduction. / O trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar os efeitos da aplica??o de herbicidas p?s-emergentes na fisiologia da cultura do feijoeiro, utilizando par?metros de fluoresc?ncia de clorofila a e a seletividade do herbicida na cultura. O experimento foi conduzido no campo experimental de Fitotecnia, da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Os tratamentos constaram das aplica??es dos seguintes herbicidas: bentazon (720 g ha-1), fluazifop-p-butil (187,5 g ha-1), fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen (187,5 + 250 g ha-1), fomesafen (250 g ha-1) e mais duas testemunhas sem aplica??o de herbicida, sendo uma capinada e outra mantida sem capina, no delineamento casualiza??o por bloco, com quatro repeti??es. Foram avaliadas as vari?veis de fluoresc?ncia da clorofila a, conte?do de prote?na sol?vel foliar e a fitotoxicidade a cultura. O bentazon foi o ?nico que causou redu??es significativas no rendimento qu?ntico m?ximo do fotossistema II (Fv/Fm), quenching fotoqu?mico (qP), rendimento qu?ntico efetivo do fotossistema II (?FSII) e promoveu incremento no quenching n?o fotoqu?mico (NPQ) nos primeiros dias ap?s sua aplica??o. O Fv/Fm foi a vari?vel mais indicada para avaliar efeitos decorrentes da aplica??o de herbicidas no aparato fotossint?tico de plantas no campo. Todos os herbicidas testados n?o ocasionaram fitotoxicidade elevada e queda no rendimento dos gr?os do feijoeiro comum.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-08-23T18:01:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Ana L?gia Panain de Souza Rezende.pdf: 2352671 bytes, checksum: 2325a74ffef5675199939b7af3f37d60 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-23T18:01:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Ana L?gia Panain de Souza Rezende.pdf: 2352671 bytes, checksum: 2325a74ffef5675199939b7af3f37d60 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-26 / CAPES / Vegetables are a source of nutrients essential to human health and have low caloric value. Among these, non-conventional vegetables also have other advantages such as hardiness and the lowest price, but lacks information on these species which prevents an increase in its production and consumption. Thus, the objective of this study was to cultivate the species Hibiscus sabdariffa, better known as vinagreira, characterize some of its constituents and estimate its shelf life potential when stored in polypropylene packaging with different perforations and stored at 5 ? 1 ?C. The vinagreira remained for approximately 120 days in field conditions in the Horticultural Sector UFRRJ. The branches were collected and transported to the Embrapa Food, which were washed, selected, arranged in bunches of about 150g and subjected to treatment consisting of the conical packaging polypropylene, perforated (P), not perforated (NP), micro perforated (MP) and control (C) in which the packs were stored without use of packaging. They were carried physical, physicochemical and chemical every two days storage. The design was completely randomized in split plots, and treatments in the plots and the days of storage in the subplot. The results were analyzed using SPSS. It was the homogeneity and normality of the data, followed by analysis of variance and significance according to Tukey test and/or regression analysis. For control, the analyzes were performed only until the fourth day of storage due to reduction of apparent quality such as wilting and color changes of the leaves, while those packaged in decreased the apparent quality, with symptoms of senescence the eighth day of storage. The leaves have a high levels of titratable acidity and carotenoids, being the predominant malic acid and the major carotenoid, the ?-carotene. It was concluded that vinagreira is well adapted Climate conditions Serop?dica-RJ, showing the source of compounds with antioxidant activity. With regard to cold storage, the use of plastic polypropylene packaging provided greater potential life for vegetables, because in these conditions the bunches could be sold for up to seven days after harvest without loss of quality, while the control bunches potential shelf life was less four days. / As hortali?as s?o fonte de nutrientes essenciais ? sa?de humana e possuem baixo valor cal?rico. Dentre estas, as hortali?as n?o-convencionais apresentam ainda outras vantagens como a rusticidade e o menor pre?o, por?m faltam informa??es sobre estas esp?cies o que impossibilita um aumento da sua produ??o e consumo. Desse modo, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi cultivar a esp?cie Hibiscus sabdariffa, mais conhecida como vinagreira, caracterizar alguns dos seus constituintes e estimar a sua vida ?til potencial, quando acondicionada em embalagens de polipropileno com diferentes perfura??es e armazenadas a 5 ? 1 ?C. A vinagreira permaneceu por aproximadamente 120 dias em condi??es de campo no Setor de Horticultura da UFRRJ. Os ramos foram colhidos e transportados para a Embrapa Agroind?stria de Alimentos, onde foram lavados, selecionados, arranjados em ma?os de aproximadamente 150 g e submetidos aos tratamentos, constitu?dos pelas embalagens c?nicas de polipropileno, perfurada (P), n?o perfurada (NP), micro perfurada (MP) e o controle (C) em que foram armazenados sem o uso de embalagens. Foram realizadas an?lises f?sicas, f?sico-qu?micas e qu?micas a cada dois dias do armazenamento. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, tendo os tratamentos nas parcelas e os dias de armazenamento na subparcela. Os resultados foram submetidos a an?lises estat?sticas pelo programa SPSS. Verificou-se a homogeneidade e normalidade dos dados, com posterior an?lise de vari?ncia e de acordo com a signific?ncia procedeu-se o teste Tukey e/ou an?lise de regress?o. Para o controle, as an?lises foram realizadas somente at? o quarto dia do armazenamento, devido ? redu??o da qualidade aparente, como murchamento e altera??es de cor das folhas, enquanto para os ma?os acondicionados nas embalagens houve redu??o da qualidade aparente e sintomas de senesc?ncia ao oitavo dia do armazenamento. As folhas apresentaram elevado teor de acidez total titul?vel e de carotenoides, sendo o ?cido predominante o m?lico e o carotenoide majorit?rio, o ?-caroteno. Concluiu-se que a vinagreira se adapta bem as condi??es clim?ticas de Serop?dica-RJ, mostrando-se fonte de compostos com atividade antioxidante. Em rela??o ao armazenamento refrigerado, a utiliza??o de embalagens pl?sticas de polipropileno proporcionou maior vida ?til potencial para a hortali?a, pois nestas condi??es os ma?os poderiam ser comercializados por at? sete dias ap?s a colheita, sem preju?zo da qualidade, enquanto os ma?os do controle a vida ?til potencial foi inferior a quatro dias.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-08-23T19:01:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Aline Barros da Silva.pdf: 2200971 bytes, checksum: c03b52ff6176469c08ca932517eebdbe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-23T19:01:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Aline Barros da Silva.pdf: 2200971 bytes, checksum: c03b52ff6176469c08ca932517eebdbe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-19 / CAPES / The search for the best efficiency in the nitrogen fertilization justifies the need in the evaluation in nitrogen (N) sources and doses what promote lower losses in the ambient, beyond higher productivity and quality of the forage produced. In that contest, this study aimed to evaluation the morphological composition, structural characteristics and nutritional value of the Panicum maximum cv. Massai forage, cultivated under urea sources (common and coated Policote?) and N doses (200, 400 e 600 kg ha-1 year-1), during autumn, winter and spring 2014, summer and autumn 2015 seasons. The experiment was conducted in UFRRJ, Serop?dica/RJ, under a complete block randomized design with four replications in a factorial arrangement (3x2) + 1. The variance analysis of data was performed using the PROC MIXED of the SAS? (9.2 version), a 5% probability. The means of treatments were compared using PDIFF (p<0.05), and the quantitative effects using a PROC REG of SAS? (probability<0.05). There was interaction (p<0.05) between doses, sources of urea, and seasons for the forage mass (FM), percentages of leaf blades (LBDMP), stem (SDMP) and dead material (DMDMP) dry matter, leaves blades: steams ratio (LBSR), forage accumulation rate (FAR), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and for dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) content of the forage. Since the canopy height (CH), tiller population density (TPD), weight per tiller (WT) and forage bulk density (FBD), mineral matter (MM) and insoluble neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents of the forage varied (p<0.05) due to N rates and seasons interaction. There was a linear increased in the FM with increasing of N doses until to the 600 kg ha-1 yr-1 level in the winter and spring seasons by both urea sources. The increasing N doses promoted higher LBDMP and lower SDMP and DMDMP of the FM, besides providing increased TPD, FBD and FAR of the massai grass forage, during all seasons studied. There was a quadratic positive effect for NUE during autumn 1, spring, summer and autumn 2 for common and coated urea, with higher maximum points for coated urea. And during the winter there was a positive linear effect only for coated urea. Higher average values of the CP were verified on the spring (11.76%), and lower on the autumn/winter (9.15%), and the use of coated urea providing higher CP levels of the forage than common urea in all seasons (10.40% and 9.41% general average, respectively). The CP content increased linearly with the increase of N levels in all seasons, while the NDF reduced linearly with increasing of these levels, except for the fall season 2 (there was not effect for N dose - p>0.05). Intensification of nitrogen fertilization favors the leaf blades participation in the forage mass, benefiting the structural characteristics, the forage accumulation, and the nutritional value of Massai grass. Coated urea promotes greater NUE during all seasons of the year. / A busca pela melhor efici?ncia da aduba??o nitrogenada justifica a necessidade da avalia??o de fontes e doses de nitrog?nio (N) que promovam menores perdas para o ambiente, al?m de maior produtividade e qualidade da forragem produzida. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar a composi??o morfol?gica, as caracter?sticas estruturais e o valor nutricional da forragem do Panicum maximum cv. Massai, cultivado sob fontes de ureia (comum e revestida por Policote?) e doses de N (200, 400 e 600 kg ha-1 ano-1), durante as esta??es de outono, inverno e primavera de 2014, ver?o e outono de 2015. O Experimento foi conduzido na UFRRJ, Serop?dica/RJ, sob delineamento de blocos completos casualizados em arranjo fatorial (3x2) + 1, com quatro repeti??es. Para an?lise de vari?ncia dos dados utilizou-se o PROC MIXED do SAS? (vers?o 9.2), a 5% de probabilidade. As m?dias dos tratamentos foram comparadas pela PDIFF (p<0,05), e os efeitos quantitativos pelo PROC REG do SAS? (p<0,05). Houve intera??o (p<0,05) entre doses, fontes de ureia, e esta??es do ano para massa de forragem (MF), porcentagens de massas secas de l?minas foliares (PMSLF), de colmos (PMSC), e de material morto (PMSMM), rela??o l?mina foliar: colmo (RLFC), taxa de ac?mulo de forragem (TAF), efici?ncia da utiliza??o do nitrog?nio (EUN), e para os teores de mat?ria seca (MS) e prote?na bruta (PB) da forragem. J? a altura (ALT) dos doss?is, densidade populacional de perfilhos (DPP), peso por perfilho (PP) e densidade volum?trica da forragem (DVF), bem como os teores de mat?ria mineral (MM) e de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) da forragem variaram (p<0,05) com a intera??o entre dose de N e esta??o do ano. A MF aumentou linearmente com a aduba??o nitrogenada at? a dose de 600 kg ha-1 ano-1 de N nas esta??es de inverno e primavera para ambas as fontes de ureia. Maiores doses de N promoveram maiores PMSLF e menores PMSC e PMSMM na MF, al?m de proporcionar maiores DPP, DVF e TAF do capim-massai, durante as esta??es estudadas. Houve efeito quadr?tico positivo para EUN durante o outono 1, primavera, ver?o e outono 2 para ureia comum e revestida, com maiores pontos de m?ximo para ureia revestida, e durante o inverno houve efeito linear positivo somente para ureia revestida. Maior valor m?dio de PB foi verificado na primavera (11,76%), e menor no outono/inverno (9,15%), e o uso da ureia revestida promoveu maiores teores de PB na forragem que a ureia comum em todas as esta??es (m?dias gerais de 10,40% e de 9,41%, respectivamente). O teor PB aumentou linearmente com o incremento de doses de N em todas as esta??es, enquanto que os teores de FDN reduziram linearmente com aumento dessas doses, exceto para a esta??o outono 2 (n?o houve efeito de dose de N ? p>0,05). A intensifica??o da aduba??o nitrogenada favorece a participa??o de l?minas foliares na massa de forragem, beneficia as caracter?sticas estruturais, o ac?mulo de forragem, e o valor nutricional do capim-massai. O uso de ureia revestida promove maior EUN durante todas as esta??es do ano.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-09-15T19:31:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Renata Napolis Fonte.pdf: 2644583 bytes, checksum: c2421580b82f9265d2881382fabdf85d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-15T19:31:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Renata Napolis Fonte.pdf: 2644583 bytes, checksum: c2421580b82f9265d2881382fabdf85d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-29 / CAPES / Corn seed storage is a vital phase, in order to maintain high seed germination and vigor from harvest until planting. There is not many studies dedicated to find substitutes to synthetic fungicides and inseticides. The present study aimed evaluate effects of using plant extracts, diatomaceous powder and a synthetic fungicide, wich main active is captan, associated with osmo and hydropriming in corn (Zea mays L.) seed treatment and storage. Vegetal extracts of pepper (Piper nigrum), garlic (Allium sativum) e tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) were used, chosen after being reported as owner of antimicrobial properties. Diatomaceous powder has been being used successfully in small farms, basically because it is composed mainly of silica, wich causes dehydration and death of insects of Sitophilus gender, commonly called ?carunchos?. Priming seeds comprehends controlled exposion of water, wich brings positive effects. Three experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, all products were used in the form of powder, in seeds storaged in polyethylene (PET) bottles for ten months. In the second experiment the products were used associated with osmopriming, drying back to a water content near 10%, and the seeds were storaged in PET bottles for 8 months. In the third experiment, all products were used associated with hydropriming, dried back to a water content near 10%, and the seeds were storaged for 8 months. Evaluations were made every two months, measuring the seeds quality through germination test, germination speed index, seedlings length, weight, water content and blotter test during storage period. First experiment was outlined using a factorial design 6x6 (6 products: pepper, garlic and tobacco extracts, diatomaceous powder, synthetic fungicide and control e 6 storage periods: at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 months). Second and third experiments were outlined using a factorial design 6x5 (6 products and 5 storage periods). Statistical analisys was performed by Sisvar software, storage periods were analysed using regression and products were submitted to Tukey test (p<0,05). It was observed a reduction in physiological quality of seeds with the advancement of storage, in all experiments performed. The use of the powder pepper extract resulted in the greatest % of germination and first germination count found. Garlic extract associated with osmopriming in seeds treatment resulted in higher values of seeds germinated at the end of storage. The hydropriming associated with the pepper extract resulted in higher values of germination speed index, length of seedlings and seedling dry weight. Regarding sanitary quality, the most frequently found were species of the genera Rhizopus, Penicillium and Fusarium. Fungicide resulted in better control of these pathogens in most analysis, but was overcome by the use of garlic extract associated with osmopriming in control of Rhizopus and Penicillium and was similar to the use of diatomaceous earth and tobacco extract associated with hydropriming in control of Rhizopus. / O armazenamento de sementes de milho ? uma etapa crucial do processo de produ??o e quase sempre obrigat?ria, considerando a diferen?a entre a ?poca de colheita e semeadura posterior. Na produ??o de sementes em cultivo org?nico, n?o existe abund?ncia de trabalhos que estudem alternativas ao uso de inseticidas e funcigidas sint?ticos. O presente trabalho avaliou os efeitos de extratos vegetais, terra diatom?cea e funcigida comercial com captana como princ?pio ativo associados ao condicionamento fisiol?gico no tratamento e armazenamento de sementes de milho (Zea mays L.). Os extratos usados foram de pimenta-do-reino (Piper nigrum L.), alho (Allium sativum L.) e tabaco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), detentores de propriedades antimicrobianas. A terra diatom?cea ? usada com sucesso no armazenamento de sementes na agricultura familiar, no controle de insetos do g?nero Sitophilus, comumente chamados de ?carunchos?. O condicionamento fisiol?gico engloba um conjunto de t?cnicas, que envolvem a exposi??o das sementes ? embebi??o controlada de ?gua, com benef?cios para seu armazenamento. Foram realizados 3 experimentos. No primeiro foram usados os extratos bot?nicos e a terra diatom?cea em p?, em sementes armazenadas em garrafas de polietileno (PET) por dez meses. No segundo, foram usados os mesmos produtos via osmocondicionamento, com posterior secagem at? as sementes atingirem teores de ?gua pr?ximos a 10% e armazenamento por 8 meses. No terceiro, os produtos foram usados via hidrocondicionamento, seguido de secagem at? teores pr?ximos de 10% de ?gua e armazenamento por 8 meses. Foram realizadas avalia??es sobre a qualidade fisiol?gica (testes de germina??o, velocidade de germina??o, comprimento de pl?ntula, massa seca de pl?ntulas e teor de ?gua) e sanit?ria (blotter test) a cada dois meses durante o per?odo de armazenamento. O primeiro experimento foi delineado em esquema fatorial 6x6 (6 produtos: extrato de pimenta-do-reino, alho e tabaco, terra diatom?cea, fungicida comercial e testemunha ? nenhum produto e 6 pontos de avalia??es durante os dez meses de armazenamento). O segundo e terceiro experimento foram delineados em esquema fatorial 6x5 (6 produtos e 5 pontos de avalia??es durante os 8 meses de armazenagem). Os dados foram submetidos ? an?lise estat?stica no programa Sisvar, usando regress?o para per?odos de armazenamento e teste Tukey (p<0,05) para produtos. Foi observada redu??o da qualidade fisiol?gica das sementes com o armazenamento em todos os experimentos realizados. O uso do extrato de pimenta-do-reino em p? resultou nas maiores porcentagens de germina??o e primeira contagem da germina??o. O extrato de alho associado ao osmocondicionamento resultou nos maiores valores de sementes germinadas ao final do armazenamento. O hidrocondicionamento associado ao extrato de pimenta-do-reino resultou nos maiores valores de ?ndice de velocidade de germina??o, comprimento de pl?ntulas e massa seca de pl?ntulas. Em rela??o ? qualidade sanit?ria, foram encontrados com maior frequ?ncia esp?cies dos g?neros Rhizopus, Penicillium e Fusarium. O fungicida apresentou melhores resultados no controle desses pat?genos, na maioria das avalia??es, por?m, foi superado pelo uso do extrato de alho associado ao osmocondicionamento no controle de Rhizopus e Penicillium e foi similar ao uso de terra diatom?cea e extrato de fumo associados ao hidrocondicionamento no controle de Rhizopus.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-06T13:02:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Gisele Gomes Guedes.pdf: 9387048 bytes, checksum: 9397dab35075638979d846e24ccbf222 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-06T13:02:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Gisele Gomes Guedes.pdf: 9387048 bytes, checksum: 9397dab35075638979d846e24ccbf222 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-07 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Currently, Portuguese language teaching has as a priority the study of typologies and textual genres. Therefore, some didactic materials produced in this area are guided by this study. The narrative textual type, being one of the first which the student has contact with, will be the focus of this research. The narration is present in several textual genres as stories, news, novels, reports, films and even in social networks and it is observed that there is an integration of these genres with varied types of semiosis, such as images and sounds. The Secretary of Education of the city of Rio de Janeiro has as guiding of its work a list which includes the skills and competences to be developed in elementary education in the 2nd segment. Two skills stand out throughout this teaching segment: to locate explicit information in a text and to distinguish a fact from the opinion regarding this fact. The students have presented difficulties in carrying out these activities. Thus, it is important that the student is able to identify facts in a narrative, since their exposure in this textual typology is frequent. Therefore, this research, based on the methodology of action research in the terms of Thiollent (2009), aims to develop in students the ability to retextualize the gender mythological tale to the news genre through the identification of facts. In order to achieve this goal, the proposal was elaborated based on the applications of Marcuschi (2010 [2001]) and Dell'Isola (2008). The work was carried out, first, with a 6th grade class, with students divided into groups; later, the work was repeated in the same class, in the following year, in the 7th grade, but with individual productions. In addition, both interventions applied are characterized by the study of the structure and characteristics of the textual genres tale and news. Then, a few steps were taken so that the retextualization process could happen. The methodological approach was based on the concept of a didactic sequence elaborated by Dolz, Noverraz and Schneuwly (2004) and it consisted of the reading of short stories of Greek Mythology as well as of news texts. From the reading of these tales, students should identify facts and select one that is relevant enough to be turned into news; then they would go to work on it. For a retextualization process to be successful, the information contained in the story should be retained in the produced text (news). The rewriting of the elaborated news was an activity considered to reach a suitable final text. These steps were fundamental for this work, since they collaborated for the construction and fixation of concepts and for the development of textual production competence. The results obtained were satisfactory and through them it was concluded that the process of retextualization was an excellent resource for working with the genres as well as for the appropriation of the outstanding abilities / Atualmente, o ensino de L?ngua Portuguesa tem como prioridade o estudo de tipologias e g?neros textuais. Portanto, alguns materiais did?ticos produzidos nessa ?rea s?o norteados por esse estudo. O tipo textual narrativo, por ser um dos primeiros com o qual o aluno tem contato, ser? o enfoque desta pesquisa. A narra??o se faz presente em v?rios g?neros textuais como contos, not?cias, romances, relatos, filmes e at? mesmo nas redes sociais e observa-se que h? uma integra??o desses g?neros com tipos variados de semioses, como por exemplo, imagens e sons. A Secretaria Municipal de Educa??o do Rio de Janeiro tem como norteador de seu trabalho uma lista de descritores na qual constam as habilidades e compet?ncias a serem desenvolvidas no ensino fundamental de 2? segmento. Dois descritores se destacam ao longo de todo esse segmento de ensino: localizar informa??es expl?citas em um texto e distinguir um fato da opini?o relativa a esse fato. Os alunos t?m apresentado dificuldades na realiza??o dessas atividades. Assim sendo, ? importante que o aluno saiba identificar fatos em uma narrativa, visto que a exposi??o deles nessa tipologia textual ? frequente. Portanto, esta pesquisa, com base na metodologia da pesquisa-a??o nos termos de Thiollent (2009), tem como finalidade desenvolver nos alunos a habilidade de retextualiza??o do g?nero conto mitol?gico ao g?nero not?cia por meio da identifica??o de fatos. Dessa forma, os alunos poder?o ser capazes de buscar informa??es e utiliz?-las de forma aut?noma e proficiente. A fim de alcan?ar tal objetivo, a proposta foi elaborada pautando-se nas postula??es de Marcuschi (2010 [2001]) e Dell?Isola (2008). O trabalho foi realizado, primeiramente, com uma turma de 6?ano, com os alunos divididos em grupos; posteriormente, o trabalho foi repetido na mesma turma, no ano subsequente, isto ?, no 7? ano, por?m com produ??es individuais. Ademais, ambas as interven??es aplicadas se caracterizam pelo estudo da estrutura e das caracter?sticas dos g?neros textuais conto e not?cia. Em seguida, alguns passos foram dados para que o processo de retextualiza??o pudesse acontecer. A abordagem metodol?gica foi baseada na concep??o de sequ?ncia did?tica elaborada por Dolz, Noverraz e Schneuwly (2004) e constou da leitura de contos da Mitologia Grega bem como de textos noticiosos. A partir da leitura de contos, os alunos deveriam identificar fatos e selecionar um que fosse relevante o suficiente para ser transformado em not?cia; em seguida, partiriam para a sua elabora??o. Para um processo de retextualiza??o ser bem sucedido, as informa??es contidas no conto deveriam ser mantidas no texto produzido (not?cia). A reescritura das not?cias elaboradas foi uma atividade considerada para atingir um texto final adequado. Tais etapas foram fundamentais para este trabalho, uma vez que colaboraram para a constru??o e fixa??o de conceitos e para o desenvolvimento da compet?ncia de produ??o textual. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfat?rios e atrav?s deles concluiu-se que o processo de retextualiza??o configurou-se como excelente recurso para o trabalho com os g?neros bem como para a apropria??o das habilidades destacadas.