The objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the development of professional judgement during the two year work-based pre-admission training period (PEAT 2) required of Scottish solicitors so as to identify a model that allows them to respond to the changes the UK legal services sector is experiencing. The methodology adopted throughout reflects an emphasis on researching knowledge in the context of its application (Flyvbjerg 2001). Professional judgement is described as the ‘heart of professional practice’ (Fish and Coles 1998) and is therefore selected to provide a holistic method of evaluation. The UK legal profession is fragmenting in its response to market pressures, including the introduction of external regulation and ‘alternative business structures’ under the Legal Services Act 2007 and increased globalisation, specialisation and commoditisation. It is therefore important to identify the traditional method used by Scottish solicitors to develop their judgement as there is a risk that what was previously implicit and assumed in this ‘community of practice’ (Wenger 1998) becomes dissipated. As a result, the relevance and application of judgement is considered in the context of professional practice and solicitors in particular. The effect of external influences are interpreted, including in relation to the job of a solicitor, the future development of judgement and implications for legal education. The research method adopted enables confidential data to be obtained about the development of professional judgement and the PEAT 2 processes through completion of semi-structured interviews with a number of Scottish law firms, the Law Society of Scotland and related regulatory organisations, supplemented with Scottish trainee focus groups and comparative data from illustrative law firms and regulators in England and Wales. This allows 10 detailed case studies of law firms to be developed and analysed using Eraut’s (2007) model of early career learning and Fuller and Unwin’s (2003) model of expansive and restrictive apprenticeships as well as providing commentary from experienced solicitors and regulatory sources on the development of professional judgement. This allows 10 detailed case studies of law firms to be developed and analysed using Eraut’s (2007) model of early career learning and Fuller and Unwin’s (2003) model of expansive and restrictive apprenticeships as well as providing commentary from experienced solicitors and regulatory sources on the development of professional judgement. This data enables an analysis of the effectiveness of the current Scottish pre-admission training processes and the identification of methods used to develop the judgement of novices. Findings indicate that elements of the formal requirements of PEAT 2 are limiting the experiential and reflective learning of trainees and, in the wider context of work-based learning, that professional judgement is developed through exposure to reflective practice in a ‘community’ that provides an expansive apprenticeship and establishes parameters of acceptable choices. Recommendations include adjustments to pre-admission legal training and the introduction of a specialist qualification, accredited by the Law Society of Scotland.

<p>For more than five decades, education scholars and activists have argued for a culturally relevant and nurturing education that reflects students' diverse experiences in K-12 classrooms. Yet, with the most recent national reform on science standards, the call to engage all learners pushed for advancing STEM in the United States, and many science education scholars have problematized such rhetoric. Unfortunately, the inclusionary blanket term like “engaging all learners” and the efforts that lead behind it do not consider the sociocultural realities that young children bring into the classrooms and the negotiation in learning school science. In this three-paper dissertation, I explore how middle school science teachers recognize the sociocultural realities students come with and cultivate a culturally nurturing education in response to the increase of racial, economic, and linguistic diversity within their integrated STEM classrooms. In particular, the aim of this dissertation to understand how middle school science teachers align school science, specifically in teaching integrated science and engineering, to the sociocultural realities of students by centering on the sensemaking of teacher’s lived experience and experiential knowledge. The first study draws on a narrative inquiry case study approach to understand how a middle school science teacher cultivated a culturally sustaining STEM classroom. The research question that guided this study was: How does Mrs. Johnson make meaning of her experiences in making science and engineering learning more culturally relevant and sustaining for her diverse middle school students? Findings from this study illuminates a complex narrative such as the intentionality of making multiple epistemologies explicit in learning science and engineering and the required racial reflexive work for cultivating a culturally sustaining and student-focused STEM classrooms. The findings also highlight challenges Mrs. Johnson faced as she integrates students’ lived experiences and alternative ways of knowing and doing into science and STEM teaching. The second study uses a single-case study approach to understand specific teaching practices that truncated the cultivation of a culturally sustaining education by exploring the opportunities that allowed internalized and interpersonal oppression to perpetuate with the same teacher, Mrs. Johnson. The research questions that guided this study are as follow: In what ways does teaching the GMO and Loon Nesting Platform STEM units foreground individual and interpersonal oppression to manifest? What teaching practices allow these moments of oppression to be pervasive? Findings from this study suggest that oppression becomes pervasive when teaching integrated science and engineering without considering how STEM learning could be irrelevant to students’ lived experiences and the role of power in teaching science. Based on these findings, I developed a year-long virtual professional development program that emphasized teaching integrated science and engineering with a focus on culturally nurturing and asset-based pedagogies. The final study draws on teachers’ funds of knowledge and identity to explore the sensemaking of a rural science teacher as he participates in the professional development program and how the sensemaking of his lived experiences informed his use of asset-based pedagogies. The research question that guided this study was: How do Mr. Jordan’s funds of knowledge and identity inform their use of asset-based pedagogies in reform-based, rural science classrooms? Findings from this study highlights Mr. Jordan’ funds of knowledge and identity informing his use of culturally responsive and relevant pedagogies. Implications of the third study proposes generational cultural wealth as a theoretical framework as one way teachers can begin aligning school science to students’ sociocultural realities. The final chapter of this dissertation presents a synthesis across the three studies and a summary of the implications for teaching.  </p>

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-11-08T19:09:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GUENTHER CARLOS FEITOSA DE ALMEIDA.pdf: 3010694 bytes, checksum: f25311137c9833299ddb3801f3287fb0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-08T19:09:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GUENTHER CARLOS FEITOSA DE ALMEIDA.pdf: 3010694 bytes, checksum: f25311137c9833299ddb3801f3287fb0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-17 / The Rede e-Tec Brasil, regulated by Decree n. 7,589, October 26, 2011, offers professional education on distance mode. This program was formulated in the disputes around the Brazilian professional formation of the 21st century. Currently, the Rede e-Tec Brasil is part of the National Program of Access to Technical Education and Employment (PRONATEC), which offers professional education in public institutions and in National Learning Services (Sistema S). The main objective of this research was analyze which conceptions of education and work are in dispute in the public policy of professional and technological distance education (Rede e-Tec Brasil) in a professional education institution. The specific objectives were: a) to understand the delineations, the mediations and the contradictions present in the formation of the contemporary worker; b) analyze the conceptions of work and education in the official documents that regulate the policy of e-Tec Brasil Network nationally; c) to elucidate, in the documents that organize the courses offered by e-Tec Brazil Network in the institution researched, in what way the fundamental relationship between work and education is presented; d) unveil how the managers responsible for e-Tec Brazil Network in the institution and the students of the courses taught characterize the relationship between work and education. Thus, the research problem was formulated: Which are the conceptions of work and education are present and are the protagonists of disputes in the public policy for the training of distance workers (Rede e-Tec Brasil) of a professional education institution? The guiding axes of the theoretical reference were: a) capital crisis, production organization and distance worker training with support in Antunes (2009a, 2011b, 2013); Alves, G. (2011); Harvey (2011, 2013); Silva Júnior and Martins (2013), Duarte (2008); b) structural duality in Brazilian professional education in Cunha's writings (2000a, 2000b, 2005); Manfredi (2002); Caires and Oliveira (2016); Frigotto (2001); Ciavatta and Ramos (2011); Silva, M. R. (2010); c) polytechnic training of the worker with contribution of Saviani (2007a, 2008); Frigotto (2001, 2010a, 2011); Moura and Lima Filho (2017); Lima Filho (2015); Kuenzer (1991); Rummert (1998); Ciavatta and Ramos (2011); Ramos (2002). Thus, an investigation anchored in Marx's historical-dialectical materialism was proposed, understanding that social reality is the consequence of human activity, and that professional education policies are the result of the performance of historical subjects in a Brazilian capitalist society. The approach of the research is qualitative, having as methodological procedures the documentary analysis, interviews with managers and discussion groups with students. From the empirical data analysis, four categories emerged: a) The configuration of Rede e-Tec Brazil; b) the management of the market in the training of workers; c) the emptied content of the workers training; d) ruptures and continuities in the formation of the worker. It is concluded, therefore, that the organization of this EaD policy distanced itself from the polytechnical training, since the Rede e-Tec Brasil reproduced the fragmentation of the educational work and the knowledge of the professional education, with the presence of a market-oriented education , lightened and aimed at adapting subjects to flexibilization, informality, entrepreneurship and efficiency; the reduction of education and work to the practical experimentation of the making of a profession; the reaffirmation of structural duality in education materialized by the fragmentation between knowledge of work, science and culture. It is also concluded that, in the institutional context, some specific actions of articulation between work, science and culture were verified. / A Rede e-Tec Brasil, regulamentada pelo Decreto n.º 7.589, 26 de outubro de 2011, oferta educação profissional a distância. Esse programa foi formulado nas disputas em torno da formação profissional brasileira do século XXI. Atualmente, a Rede e-Tec Brasil está vinculada ao Programa Nacional de Acesso ao Ensino Técnico e Emprego (PRONATEC), que oferece educação profissional em instituições públicas e em Serviços Nacionais de Aprendizagem (Sistema S). Quanto ao objetivo geral, esta investigação analisou quais concepções de educação e trabalho se encontram em disputa na política pública de educação profissional e tecnológica a distância (Rede e-Tec Brasil) em uma instituição de educação profissional. Já os objetivos específicos foram: a) compreender os delineamentos, as mediações e as contradições presentes na formação do trabalhador contemporâneo; b) analisar as concepções de trabalho e educação nos documentos oficiais que regulamentam nacionalmente a política da Rede e-Tec Brasil; c) elucidar, nos documentos que organizam os cursos ofertados pela Rede e-Tec Brasil na instituição pesquisada, de que maneira se apresenta a relação fundamental entre trabalho e educação; d) desvendar como os gestores responsáveis pela Rede e-Tec Brasil na instituição e os estudantes dos cursos ministrados caracterizam a relação entre trabalho e educação. Desse modo, o problema de pesquisa foi assim formulado: Quais concepções de trabalho e educação estão presentes e protagonizam disputas na política pública de formação dos trabalhadores a distância (Rede e-Tec Brasil) de uma instituição de educação profissional? Como eixos orientadores do referencial teórico, estes foram: a) crise do capital, organização da produção e formação do trabalhador a distância com apoio em Antunes (2009a, 2011b, 2013); Alves, G. (2011); Harvey (2011, 2013); Silva Júnior e Martins (2013), Duarte (2008); b) dualidade estrutural na educação profissional brasileira nos escritos de Cunha (2000a, 2000b, 2005); Manfredi (2002); Caires e Oliveira (2016); Frigotto (2001); Ciavatta e Ramos (2011); Silva, M. R. (2010); c) formação politécnica do trabalhador com aporte de Saviani (2007a, 2008); Frigotto (2001, 2010a, 2011); Moura e Lima Filho (2017); Lima Filho (2015); Kuenzer (1991); Rummert (1998); Ciavatta e Ramos (2011); Ramos (2002). Propôs-se assim uma investigação ancorada no materialismo histórico-dialético de Marx, compreendendo que a realidade social é fruto da atuação dos seres humanos, sendo as políticas de educação profissional resultado da atuação de sujeitos históricos em uma sociedade capitalista, a brasileira. A abordagem da pesquisa é qualitativa, tendo como procedimentos metodológicos a análise documental, entrevistas com gestores e grupos de discussão com estudantes. Da análise dos dados empíricos, emergiram quatro categorias: a) a Rede e-Tec Brasil em sua configuração; b) a regência do mercado sobre a formação dos trabalhadores; c) o esvaziamento do conteúdo da formação do trabalhador; d) rupturas e continuidades na formação do trabalhador. Conclui-se, portanto, que a organização desta política de EaD se distanciou da formação politécnica, visto que a Rede e-Tec Brasil reproduziu a fragmentação do trabalho educativo e do conhecimento da educação profissional, havendo a presença de uma educação voltada para o mercado, aligeirada e que visa adequar os sujeitos à flexibilização, à informalidade, ao empreendedorismo e à eficiência; a redução da educação e do trabalho à experimentação prática do fazer de uma profissão; a reafirmação da dualidade estrutural na educação materializada pela fragmentação entre conhecimentos do trabalho, das ciências e da cultura. Conclui-se ainda que, no âmbito institucional, foram constatadas algumas ações específicas de articulação entre trabalho, ciência e cultura.

<p>Instructional theories often view the work of instructors from a psychological perspective while playing little emphasis on the communicative aspects. However, there are vital communicational influences on and implications for instructional practice and the instructional process as a whole. As such, this work begins with the position that instruction is, in its entirety, a communicative process. A comparison is made between the three basic models of communication (transmission, interaction and transaction) and three main educational theories (behaviorism, cognitivism and constructivism). This comparison shows that there are alignments between the transmission model of communication and behaviorism, the interactive model of communication and cognitivism, and the transactional model of communication and constructivism. These similarities are explored over three major instructional activities – lesson planning, lesson delivery and assessment. Subsequently, three real-life scenarios were presented to illustrate how the three basic models of communication are manifested in the classroom. Given the applicability of the models of communication to the instructional process, the practical utility of approaching instruction from a communicative perspective is discussed. Potential implications for educational practitioners and scholars are discussed afterwards.</p>

<p dir="ltr">The present era of industrial growth, along with the rise in big data, has led to an increase in the demand for data-savvy professionals employing visualization techniques and software to fully leverage the value of this data. Since data visualization is an expansive and intricate field, it leads to challenges for novice learners as they seek to understand it. The Data Visualization Capacity (DVC) Tool is an online learning platform designed to enhance data visualization literacy amongst learners. The DVC Tool encompasses fundamental principles and techniques essential for proficient data visualization, by including external resources, quizzes, and tutorials in a distance-based modular format.</p><p dir="ltr">This study investigates the usability of the DVC Tool using a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative analysis of Google Analytics data, System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaires, and qualitative insights from usability testing sessions and interviews. The research aims to assess the effectiveness of the DVC Tool across diverse user profiles and identify strategies for optimizing user experience. User studies were conducted with participants from various backgrounds and experience in data visualization to gain insight into the strengths and weaknesses of the DVC Tool, as well as gain recommendations for effective learning strategies and user experience design. The findings reveal a high overall usability rating for the DVC Tool, with users from various educational backgrounds and levels of expertise expressing satisfaction with its functionality and organization. The SUS usability scores indicate a mean usability score of 81.8, highlighting the tool's effectiveness in providing a user-friendly learning experience for all users across diverse profiles. Interviews also give insight into the importance of clear organization, visual aids, and custom learning plans to enhance the learning experience of the student.</p><p dir="ltr">In general, this research contributes to the advancement of data visualization education by providing insights into effective instructional strategies and components of digital learning platforms. The findings offer practical implications for educators and developers looking to enhance data visualization literacy among learners, while also addressing theoretical gaps in usability research within the field.</p>

<p dir="ltr">This dissertation studies the lived experiences and perceptions of Indiana public-school superintendents use of social media. This phenomenological qualitative study seeks to explore how superintendents use social media in their careers, why they use social media and how they respond to parents<a href="#_ftn1" target="_blank">[1]</a> and stakeholders on social media platforms.</p><p dir="ltr">This study uses semi-structured interviews with five Indiana public-school superintendents to gain insight into their experiences with social media in their professions. The Spiral of Silence theory developed by Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann (1974) was used as a lens to code and interpret the findings related to superintendent engagement with stakeholders on social media.</p><p dir="ltr">Superintendents explained the importance of having dedicated staff to create, post and monitor social media for the district due to it being time consuming and quick changing. They emphasized the critical importance of knowing the audience for posts and utilizing the best platform for communicating with that audience. Since social media is immediate communication, they emphasized the importance of celebrating students and staff along with keeping the public informed.</p><p dir="ltr">As a result, the assertions evolved to stress the importance of dedicating a position within a budget for a person to create, post and monitor on social media. As the key communicator for the district, the superintendent must focus on building relationships with the community to build a culture of trust and support for the district.</p><p><br></p><p dir="ltr"><a href="#_ftnref1" target="_blank">[1]</a> I am using “parent” to describe all primary caregivers, including grandparents, aunts, uncles, foster parents, legal guardians, etc.</p>

Denna studie undersöker pastorsutbildning och formation genom att intervjua fem nyblivna pastorer inom Equmeniakyrkan om deras upplevelse av vad pastorsutbildningen på THS bidragit till för att formas och förberedas som pastorer. Studien som är kvalitativ och abduktiv relaterar teoretiskt till Benjamin Blooms kognitiva, affektiva och psykomotoriska lärandedomäner som översätts till pastoral kontext för jämförelse av vad utbildningen bidragit till, samt till David Kelseys Aten-Berlin-begrepp för att jämföra pastorernas utbildningsideal med pastorsutbildningens utbildningsform. Resultatet visar bland annat att de faktorer som varit viktigast för att forma och förbereda den undersökta gruppen av nyblivna pastorer är: Praktik och övning, Lärare och annan personal, Medstuderande, Undervisning, Retreater, andakter, enskilda samtal, gemensamma resor, Församlingsliv och pastorer. Sammanfattat som Praktik, Relationer, Undervisning och Praktiker (PRUP). Resultatet visar också att det är avgörande på vilket sätt dessa bedrivs. De sätt som för pastorerna har varit formerande beskrivs i uppsatsen. Analysen visar att pastorernas utbildningsideal tillämpat på svenska eftergymnasiala utbildningsformer kan förstås som en blandning av idealen i högskola och folkhögskola, med en betoning på folkhögskola – och att detta krockar med Equmeniakyrkans pastorsutbildning vars utbildningsform är en kombination av högskola och kyrka med en tydlig betoning på högskola. Utifrån dessa fynd presenterar studien fyra möjligheter för Equmeniakyrkan och EHS att minska denna spänning. Uppsatsen diskuterar även likheter och skillnader med tidigare studier, bland annat i fråga om vad som formar och förbereder för tjänst, möjligheten med tredelade lärandemål och frågan om utbildningsform. / This study investigates formation during ministerial education and training by interviewing five newly ordained pastors within the Uniting Church in Sweden about their experience of what the Pastor’s program at Stockholm School of Theology have contributed to for being shaped and prepared as pastor. The study, which is qualitative and abductive, relates theoretically to Benjamin Bloom's cognitive, affective, and psychomotor learning domains that are translated into pastoral contexts for studying what the education has contributed to, as well as to David Kelsey's Athens-Berlin concept to compare the educational ideals of pastors, with the program’s institutional form of education. The results show that the factors that were achieved as most important in shaping and preparing the new pastors are: Internship and practice, Teachers and staff, Fellow students, Teaching, Retreats, devotions, individual conversations &amp; joint trips, and Congregational life and pastors. These are summarized as Practice, Relations, Teaching and Practices (PRTP). The result also shows that it is crucial in which way these are conducted. The ways that have been positively formative for the pastors are described in the essay. The analysis shows that the pastors' ideals of education drawn from Kelsey, applied to Swedish post-secondary forms of education can be understood as a mixture of the ideals of university and folk high school, with an emphasis on folk high school - and that this conflicts with the church’s pastor's program whose form of education is a combination of university and church with a clear emphasis on university. Based on these findings, the study presents four opportunities for the Uniting Church in Sweden and the Stockholm School of Theology to reduce this tension. The essay also discusses similarities and differences with previous studies among other things in terms of what shapes and prepares for service, the possibility of three-part learning objectives, and the question of educational form.

<p dir="ltr">Institutions of higher education within the United States have not had a reputation of inclusivity. The discrimination and oppression of people with disabilities is an important topic of conversation within these educational spaces, not only to change the way that society thinks of disability on a whole, but to incite discussions surrounding the best ways to support students with disabilities and their educational goals. This paper will provide a deconstruction of what ableism is, how it impacts mental health and wellness and how it shows up within institutions of higher education. This paper will also provide details on a training course for higher education faculty members that provides practical applications of the ethical ways of creating a supportive learning environment for students with disabilities. This paper will explore how critical disability theory, the social model and some aspects of the medical model can be utilized to provide faculty and staff with the competency to understand and interact with students with disabilities in ways that not only support their learning but contribute to positive social change and the deconstruction of ableist actions.</p>

<p dir="ltr">Engineering Technology (ET) programs are pivotal in preparing graduates for the demands of the modern workforce, particularly in quality management systems (QMS). This study examines the alignment between QMS knowledge and experience gained by graduates in ABET-accredited ET programs and the expectations of industry. Through a dual-survey approach, targeting both industry leaders and academic educators, the research elucidates current QMS practices in industry, the scope of QMS education, and the resulting preparedness of graduates for professional roles. Findings indicate a discernible gap between industry expectations and current academic offerings in QMS education. While industry professionals rely on established QMS frameworks such as ISO 9001 and Lean Six Sigma, academic programs often limit their coverage to theoretical underpinnings rather than hands-on, practical applications. This discrepancy highlights the need for a more robust, application-oriented curriculum that bridges theoretical knowledge with real-world practice. Recommendations include a call for greater integration of practical QMS training within academic programs and stronger partnerships between academia and industry to foster educational content that aligns with professional QMS applications.</p>