As a paradigm of a wounded healer, parentified therapists may be gifted with therapeutic talents, but also with related vulnerabilities that may have a significant influence on their therapeutic practice. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to explore the impact of parentification on therapeutic practice, especially on the therapeutic skills of empathy and boundary settings. For this purpose, a mixed method design was employed in which 38 trainee psychologists provided self-report data on the constructs of parentification measured by parentification questionnaire (Jurkovic, 1997), empathy, measured by Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1980), and boundary settings, measured by Exploitation Index (Epstein, 1990) in a survey study, while 4 trainee psychologists were interviewed in a separate study. First, the quantitative data were analysed to assess the existence of possible relationships among the variables of parentification, empathy and boundary transgressions by a regression analysis. The results offered significant suggestions for the predictive power of parentification in regard to empathy and boundary transgressions. Following this, a qualitative study analysed the interviews with the 4 trainees using thematic analysis to explore the above relationships and provided a deeper insight, especially for their therapeutic utility. Combining the findings, the current study supported that parentification may first of all catalyse the choice of a psychologist's profession, well as the choice of the psychotherapeutic approach. In regard to the interpersonal skills, parentification may positively impact the development of enhanced levels of empathy, boundary flexibility, and creativity. On the other hand, parentification may also negatively impact on practitioners by making them more vulnerable to enmeshed therapeutic relationships. Especially in the case of destructive parentification, professional support may be needed to minimise the risk for enmeshed relationships, by increasing self-care and self-other differentiation. Clinical implications for parentified therapists were also discussed.

Plusieurs études ont montré que l’usage croissant des Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication (TIC) dans la vie professionnelle et personnelle a largement contribué au brouillage des frontières entre ces deux sphères. La perméabilité reflète le degré auquel l’individu peut être psychologiquement et/ou comportementalement engagé dans un domaine, mais physiquement et temporellement présent dans un autre. Notre objectif est d’identifier les déterminants de la perméabilité des frontières ainsi que les différents modèles d’articulation entre ces deux domaines de vie, basés sur l’usage des TIC. La méthodologie utilisée est mixte, qualitative et quantitative. Les résultats de la première étude réalisée sur la base d’un questionnaire auprès 241 personnes, confirment, d’une part, que les frontières personnelles sont les plus perméables et qu’elles dépendent de plusieurs variables organisationnelles ainsi que des caractéristiques de travail, d’autre part, que la perméabilité des frontières professionnelles ne dépend que de la flexibilité du travail. Quatre modèles d’articulation ont été identifiés: la segmentation, le débordement, l’intégration et l’hybridation. La deuxième étude conduite selon la méthode des scénarios, a permis de restituer les modèles d’articulation dans une perspective dynamique et évolutive. Les individus changent de manières de gérer leurs frontières de vie, en fonction de leur âge, des changements de leur situation familiale et professionnelle et du climat organisationnel. L’ensemble des résultats sont discutés d’un point de vue théorique, méthodologique et pratique / Several studies has shown that the increased use of information and communications technology (ICT) in professional and personal life has largely contributed to the blurring of the boundaries between these two spheres. The resultant permeability reflects the degree to which the individual can be psychologically and / or behaviorally engaged in one area, but physically and temporally present in another. Our goal is to identify the determinants of porous personal and professional borders and the different models of articulation between these two areas of life, based on the use of information and communications technology. We used a mixed, qualitative and quantitative methodology. The results of the first study made by a questionnaire survey on 241 people confirm, firstly, that personal boundaries are more permeable and that they depend on several organizational variables and work characteristics, secondly, that the permeability of professional boundaries depends only on work flexibility. Four articulation models were identified: segmentation, spillover, integration and hybridization.The second study conducted according to the scenario method, set the articulation patterns in a dynamic and evolutionary perspective. Individuals change the ways of managing their life boundaries, depending on their age, the changes in their family and work situation and the organizational climate. All the results are discussed from a theoretical, methodological and practical point of view

Vid palliativ vård av barn är det viktigt att besittakunskap inom både palliativ vård och barn då det är en komplex situation. Tidigare forskning har visat på svårigheter och kunskapsluckor inom den palliativa barnsjukvården. Syftet med studien var att belysa sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda barn i ett palliativt skede. En litteraturstudie genomfördes, där tio artiklar granskades, bearbetades och analyserades. Artiklarnas resultat kategoriserades i fyra grupper: erfarenhet av stöd och relation, erfarenhet av vårdorganisation, erfarenhet av den professionella rollen samt erfarenhet av förändring utav behandling. Sjuksköterskorna upplevde att stöd var centralt vid palliativ vård av barn. De tar upp att både stödet från organisationen, mellan kollegor samt stödet till familjen var avgörande för god palliativ vård. Relationen var även central i all palliativ vård av barn då hela familjen var i fokus. I denna nära relation upplevde sjuksköterskorna att det var svårt att behålla de professionella gränserna. Palliativ vård av barn är ett nytt forskningsområde. I framtiden bör forskningen fokusera på att undersöka mer specifika förhållanden som till exempel stöd. En annan aspekt är att organisationen ger sjuksköterskorna möjlighet att ta till sig den forskning som finns inom området för att förbättra vården. Förbättrad utbildning och möjlighet till vidareutbildning inom palliativ vård av barn för sjuksköterskorna är av stor vikt. / In palliative care of children it is important to have knowledge of both palliative care and children as it is a complex situation. Previous research has shown difficulties and knowledge gaps in the pediatric palliative care. The aim of the study was to illustrate nurses’ experiences of caring for children in the end-of-life. A literature study was conducted, where ten articles were reviewed, processed and analyzed. The results of the articles were categorized into four groups: experience of support and relationship, experience of the care organization, experience of the professional role and experience of change in treatment. The nurses experienced that support had a central role in pediatric palliative care. They address the support from the organization, between colleagues as well as the support to the child’s family as significant for good palliative care. The relationship was central in all pediatric palliative care as the whole family was involved. In this close relationship the nurses had difficulties maintaining the professional boundaries. Pediatric palliative care is a new research field. In the future research should focus on specific conditions such as support. Another aspect is that the organization gives nurses the opportunity to take part of this research to improve the care. Improved education and the possibility to get education in palliative care of children for the nurses are of great importance.

Climate change was the most covered issue in the media in Sweden during 2019 and the use of terms such as “climate emergency” and “climate crisis” increased significantly (Vi-skogen, 2020). These developments and the climate issue pose questions of future practices and purpose of journalism and therefore also its professional boundaries, not the least towards other social actors and institutions. This study focuses on journalists professional boundaries with their sources, specifically non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Environmental NGOs play an important role in climate- and international politics, such as for instance in the setting of United Nations’ climate summits (COPs), and are themselves engaged in producing public information (Powers, 2015b; Wozniak et al. 2017). The study therefore explores journalists’ conceptions of NGOs for climate journalism and these organizations’ roles in the climate reporting during COP25 in Madrid. It uses a theory of boundary work in journalism and applies a methodology of online interviews with journalists from Swedish national news organizations and with two representatives from environmental NGOs based in Sweden. The findings demonstrate four overlapping roles of NGOs in climate journalism based on the practices and views of the participating journalists: dependency; established source; partnering watchdog; and agenda-driven player. It further concludes that the climate issue and COP25 offer a context for blurred boundaries between the two actors, however, it is limited as journalists maintain control over NGOs’ participation in the news making process.

No description available.

Yes / This article examines the effects of role redesign on the work and professional boundaries of midwives employed in the National Health Service. It outlines midwives' views and experiences of attempts to change their skills and professional boundaries and, using the concept of closure, considers the implications for the midwifery profession. The findings show that role redesign is changing midwives' work and that the traditional emotional, social and caring skills associated with a midwife are being undermined by the growth in technical work. Importantly, midwives attempts to use closure have met with limited success and aspects of their work which they enjoy are being delegated to maternity support workers, while midwives' roles expand to include work traditionally performed by doctors. Midwives' concerns about the implications of work redesign for maternity care and their professional boundaries reflect the uncertainty surrounding the profession about the future role and skills of a midwife.

Yes / Safe and successful surgery depends on effective teamwork between professional groups, each playing their part in a complex division of labour. This article reports the first empirical examination of how introduction of robot-assisted surgery changes the division of labour within surgical teams and impacts teamwork and patient safety. Data collection and analysis was informed by realist principles. Interviews were conducted with surgical teams across nine UK hospitals and, in a multi-site case study across four hospitals, data were collected using a range of methods, including ethnographic observation, video recording and semi-structured interviews. Our findings reveal that as the robot enables the surgeon to do more, the surgical assistant's role becomes less clearly defined. Robot-assisted surgery also introduces new tasks for the surgical assistant and scrub practitioner, in terms of communicating information to the surgeon. However, the use of robot-assisted surgery does not redistribute work in a uniform way; contextual factors of individual experience and team relationships shape changes to the division of labour. For instance, in some situations, scrub practitioners take on the role of supporting inexperienced surgical assistants. These changes in the division of labour do not persist when team members return to operations that are not robot-assisted. This study contributes to wider literature on divisions of labour in healthcare and how this is impacted by the introduction of new technologies. In particular, we emphasise the need to pay attention to often neglected micro-level contextual factors. This can highlight behaviours that can be promoted to benefit patient care.

The purpose of the present thesis is to study whether and how professionals from such different areas as medicine, preschool and school develop and reorganize, through inter-disciplinary focus group discussions, their competence regarding reading-and-writing difficulties/dyslexia. The theoretical framework is based on sociocultural theory of mediated action, focusing on notions such as alterity, intersubjectivity, dialogicality, mastery, appropriation, practical consciousness and discursive consciousness. The data consists of participant field observations, seven individual interviews and fifteen focus group interviews, as well as narratives and written documents concerning collaboration between pre-schools and schools. The method relates to ethnographic and action research. The data is collected over three years. The interviews are audio-recorded and transcribed as close to oral language as possible. The data is analysed with regard to alterity, intersubjectivity, dialogicality, mastery and appropriation, and with regard to professional languages, professional boundaries and domains of responsibility as well as competencies. The results from the individual interviews show that each participant’s conception of dyslexia is closely attached to her or his own field of pracitice. The focus group results show that, over time, the participants changed their conception of dyslexia, and their way of communicating about dyslexia. And, that they thereby deepened their competence on the issue. The written documents show a similar development during the focus group discussions. From hastily scrawled notes they developed into computerised, and well-structured plans of actions for supporting children of special needs. Both the spoken and written data show that inter-disciplinary co-operation leads to the development of inter-disciplinary competence, and a change in organising reading and writing for children of preschool and school.

Innovare verso un modello per Intensità delle Cure (IdC) offre agli ospedali importanti potenzialità di miglioramento, tanto a livello di qualità delle cure quanto sul piano organizzativo e gestionale. L’introduzione del modello IdC può tuttavia implicare sostanziali modifiche nell’organizzazione sociale del lavoro clinico, modificando relazioni, confini e identità professionali. La tesi esamina i reciproci effetti tra il modello IdC e l’organizzazione sociale del lavoro ospedaliero. Il disegno di ricerca è organizzato in tre fasi: una estensiva analisi documentale, uno studio esplorativo basato su interviste qualitative semi-strutturate, uno caso di studio etnografico in profondità condotto in un ospedale recentemente organizzato secondo il modello IdC. I risultati sono organizzati in tre studi. Il primo mostra come il cambiamento IdC sia stato diversamente interpretato dai manager ospedalieri e dai clinici in prima linea con i pazienti, costituendo così due discordanti ‘narrative di cambiamento’. Il secondo studio si focalizza sugli ostacoli alla creazione di team multidisciplinari negli ospedali IdC. Il terzo studio esamina l’impatto del modello IdC su relazioni e confini professionali tra medici e infermieri. Oltre a contribuire alle teorie socio-psicologiche riguardo a confini e identità professionali, la tesi propone riflessioni concrete su come colmare il divario tra programmi innovativi formali e pratiche di cura quotidiane. / The Patient-Centred Model (PCM) is described as an attempt to redesign the hospitals around the needs of the patients, thus contributing to costs reduction, increased efficiency, and improved care. However, the introduction of the PCM may have a profound impact on the social organisation of work, changing lines of demarcation, challenging well established inter-/intra-professional relationships, and prompting the development of new roles and modes of working. This thesis explores the mutual effects between the new organisational model and the pre-existent social organisation of hospital work. The research design is organised in three phases: an extensive document analysis; an interview study; an in-depth ethnographic case study conducted for over one year in a PCM hospital. The findings are organised in three studies. The first shows that the PCM was interpreted differently by hospital managers and by frontline clinicians, thus giving rise to two divergent narratives of change. The second study focuses on the boundaries to collaboration and care integration in newly created hospital teams within PCM hospitals. The third study looks at the impact of the PCM on the medical-nursing boundary. The thesis contributes to management learning and practice by providing recommendations on how to accompany complex innovations, comprising of both their expected and unexpected consequences. It also enriches academic debates on professional boundaries, relations, and identities in healthcare.

This paper aims to investigate the understanding and approaches of correctional officers in building relationships with clients in a correctionalfacility and to understand how they negotiate the professional boundaries that are necessary to maintain in these relationships. This qualitative study wasconducted through semi-structured interviews with eight correctional officersworking in different correctional facilities with security level two. The findings indicate that the application of the value “personal but not private”in practice is an individual matter and a gray area. The study shows that correctional officers need to establish close relationships with clients whilemaintaining professional boundaries in order to avoid becoming too personal.Striking a balance between being personal and professional is crucial increating trusting relationships with clients.