A Promoção da Saúde é um campo relativamente jovem, inserido em uma conjuntura social, política e econômica em constante transformação. Sendo assim, é relevante que se reflita sobre a sua dinâmica. Há diferenças nas concepções sobre o que é Promoção da Saúde, que têm reflexo na produção científica, bem como na construção, implementação e revisão da Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde (PNaPS). As instituições de ensino e pesquisa têm papel central na produção de conhecimento. No Brasil, grande parte da produção científica é organizada pelos programas de pós-graduação, principalmente via grupos de pesquisa. O objetivo deste estudo foi traçar um panorama da produção científica de uma amostra de grupos de pesquisa brasileiros que têm como tema de trabalho a Promoção da Saúde e que participaram do processo de revisão da PNaPS. A amostra de grupos de pesquisa foi obtida do projeto Contribuição das universidades e de setores do Ministério da Saúde para a revisão da Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde, realizado em 2014. Este projeto buscou identificar no Diretório de Grupos de Pesquisa do CNPq (DGP CNPq) todos os grupos que apresentassem a Promoção da Saúde como tema de pesquisa. Foram identificados 102 grupos, que foram convidados a participar da revisão da PNaPS. O presente estudo traçou o perfil dos 102 grupos de pesquisa, e analisou a produção científica dos grupos que participaram de todo o processo de revisão da PNaPS. Como produção científica, admitiram-se: os artigos e livros publicados no currículo lattes dos líderes dos grupos, no período de 2006 a 2015; e as linhas de pesquisa declaradas pelos grupos no DGP CNPq. O perfil demonstrou que a maior parte dos grupos está na região Sudeste e formou-se a partir de 1998, com especial intensidade após o ano de 2006. Houve um predomínio de instituições de caráter público e de universidades. Quanto à área de atuação, mais da metade dos grupos é da área da Saúde Coletiva. Foram relevantes também as áreas de Enfermagem, Nutrição e Educação Física. A busca da produção científica dos grupos de pesquisa participantes da revisão da PNaPS resultou em 326 artigos e 26 livros, dos quais: 34 artigos foram excluídos por não apresentarem palavras-chave ou resumo, não estarem disponíveis na internet ou estarem duplicados no currículo lattes; e sete livros foram excluídos por não apresentarem resumo ou sinopse disponível na internet. Nos 292 artigos e 19 livros restantes, buscou-se identificar, a partir da leitura dos resumos, a abordagem de princípios e/ou campos de atuação da Promoção da Saúde ou ações específicas/temas prioritários estabelecidos pela PNaPS. Noventa e um resumos de artigos preencheram esse critério. Dentre eles, foi possível identificar princípios da Promoção da Saúde em 58; campos de atuação em 23; e ações específicas/temas prioritários da PNaPS em 24. Dos livros, nove atenderam aos critérios e foram incluídos como produção científica dos grupos. Foi elaborada a relação dos 19 grupos com suas respectivas linhas de pesquisa, número de artigos e número de livros caracterizados como produção científica em Promoção da Saúde. Concluiu-se que discutir a produção científica dos grupos de pesquisa em Promoção da Saúde auxilia a observar o que as diferentes concepções de saúde e Promoção podem provocar na produção de conhecimento. Além disso, discutir a produção dos grupos relacionando com a PNaPS possibilitou verificar a influência da Política pública na produção científica. / Health promotion is a relatively new field, inserted in a social, political and economic scenario that is constantly changing. Therefore, it is important to think over its momentum. There are different views on what is Health Promotion, which impacts on the scientific literature as well as on the development, implementation and in the review of the National Policy of Health Promotion (NPoHP) in Brazil. Educational and research institutions play a central role in the production of knowledge. In Brazil, graduate programs, mainly through research groups, organize a major part of the scientific production. The objective of this study was to draw a picture of the scientific production of a sample of Brazilian research groups who work on Health Promotion and who participated in the NPoHP review process. The sample of research groups was obtained from the project \"Contribution of universities and the Ministry of Health departments for the review of the National Policy of Health Promotion\" held in 2014. This project aimed at identifying in the CNPq (National Research Committee) Research Groups Directory (CNPq RGD) all research groups that study Health Promotion. There were identified 102 groups that were invited to participate in the review of the NPoHP. This study described the profile of the 102 research groups, and analyzed the scientific production of the groups that participated in the whole process of revision of the NPoHP. There were considered as scientific production: the articles and books published in the curriculum of the leaders of the groups in the period between 2006 and 2015; and the research topics declared by the groups in the CNPq RGD. The analyses showed that most of the groups are from the Southeast region of the country and were created after 1998, particularly after 2006. There was a predominance of public institutions and universities. Regarding the practice area, more than a half of the groups reported working in Public Health field. Other important practice areas were: nursing, nutrition and physical education. The investigation of three scientific production of research groups participating in the NPoHP review resulted in 326 articles and 26 books, of which 34 articles were excluded due to the absence of keywords or abstract, lack of access to the paper on the Internet or due to duplication in the curriculum; and seven books were excluded due to the absence of abstract or synopsis available online. In 292 articles and 19 other books, we identified, after reading the abstracts, the approach of principles and/or practice areas of Health Promotion or specific actions/priority themes of the NPoHP. Ninety-one article summaries met this criterion. Among them, we identified principles of Health Promotion in 58; practice areas in 23; and specific actions/priority themes of the NPoHP in 24. Among the books, nine met the criteria and were included as the groups scientific production. A list of 19 groups with their respective areas of research, number of articles and number books characterized as scientific production in Health Promotion was created. We concluded that discussing the scientific production of research groups in Health Promotion helps to observe how different conceptions of health and Health Promotion may impact on the production of knowledge. In addition, discussing the scientific production of the groups related to the NPoHP enable us to verify the influence of the public policy in the scientific production.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:17:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sonia Maria Lanza 1.pdf: 38100777 bytes, checksum: 5fd369e86e70515808167159aca28240 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work has the objective to analyze the journalistic contemporary narratives in Folha de S.Paulo newspaper and the interface with the melodrama and the serial publication issued in the newspapers from the end of the XIX century to the beginning of the XX century. The newspaper conveys news, not only in the referential way but similar to the seriated narratives way.The printed media does not work in real time like the television, and that makes difficult for the reader the attendance of the facts. That makes us inquire why, nowadays, the seriated narratives are dominant in the television media and why they became a re-encoded paradigm. Why do these articles remain in the reader s memory? To look for answers to these questions, it is necessary the diachronic study of the journalism and how the serial publication structure migrates for other media, the television mostly. In some journalistic programs, the emphasis relapses on the melodramatic gender and the serial publication. For that, the studies of Marlyse Meyer, Thomasseau, and Huppes are essential. Also Morin, Gruzinski, Laplantine, Amálio Pinheiro, Martín-Barbero and Iuri Lotman, through the semiotics of the culture, substantiate this work. Lotman starts from the concept of what text is the least unity of the culture and it has internal definite organization. The journalism, like text of the culture, has distinctive aspects, but while mixing codes it interbreeds and produces new messages to different readers. The Russian theorist points out three functions of the cultural text that corroborate with this research: the communicative function refers itself to the organization of the laws of the language; the creative function that produces the dynamic of the culture and when the text are translated and transmitted into another representational system, they transform themselves into re-encoded messages; and the third function is related to the culture memory. Other concepts of the semiotics of culture like the culture codes, system that shape the culture, border, will base this work. Halbwachs and Zumthor help to reflect about memory. For the first one, the memory allows to remake and to rebuild experiences tested previously and the individual memory is related to the collective memory. For Zumthor, memory and oblivion produce a dynamic created with new codes. This makes possible the substitution of a text for others and this transformation is associated to the selection and fixation of aspects to be maintained. The journalism dramatizes many facts, rescuing elements of the culture to which seem to be present only in other media, making it become a half-breed code. The transformation of the piece of news in serial publication is predominant in the current press and the journalistic narrative is the paradigm reencoded / O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar as narrativas jornalísticas contemporâneas no jornal Folha de S.Paulo e a aproximação/comparação dessas matérias com o melodrama e a estrutura folhetinesca do final do século XIX e início do século XX. O jornal veicula notícias, não somente de forma referencial, mas semelhantes a narrativas seriadas. A mídia impressa não trabalha em tempo real como a televisão e isso dificulta ao leitor o acompanhamento do fato. Isso nos instiga a questionar por que as narrativas seriadas que surgiram com e nos folhetins e hoje são dominantes na mídia televisual, tornaram-se paradigma recodificado no jornalismo. Por que estas matérias permanecem na memória do leitor? Para buscar algumas respostas, faz-se necessário um estudo diacrônico do jornalismo e como a estrutura folhetinesca migrou para outras mídias, a televisão principalmente, pois, em alguns programas jornalísticos, a ênfase recai sobre o melodramático e o folhetinesco. Para retomar estes paradigmas os estudos de Marlyse Meyer, Thomasseau e Huppes são essenciais. Também Morin, Gruzinski, Laplantine, Amálio Pinheiro, Martín-Barbero e Iuri Lotman, por meio da semiótica da cultura, fundamentam esta pesquisa. O teórico russo parte do conceito de que texto é a unidade mínima da cultura e tem organização interna definida. O jornalismo, como texto da cultura, possui traços distintivos, mas ao mesclar códigos, hibridiza-se e gera novas mensagens a diferentes leitores. Lotman aponta três funções do texto cultural que corroboram com esta pesquisa. A comunicativa, marcada pela organização das leis da língua; a geradora de sentidos, que proporciona a dinâmica da cultura e quando os textos são traduzidos e transmitidos em outros sistemas sígnicos, transformam-se em mensagens recodificadas, e a terceira ligada à memória da cultura. Esta se relaciona com textos de outras épocas. Outros conceitos da semiótica da cultura como códigos culturais, sistemas modalizantes, fronteira vão fundamentar esta pesquisa. Halbwachs e Zumthor auxiliam a refletir sobre memória. Para o primeiro, a memória permite refazer, reconstruir experiências vivenciadas anteriormente, a memória individual está relacionada à memória coletiva. Para Zumthor, memória e esquecimento geram uma dinâmica recriadora. Isto possibilita a substituição de um texto por outros e esta transformação está associada à seleção e fixação de aspectos a serem mantidos. O jornalismo dramatiza muitos fatos, resgatando elementos da cultura que pareciam estar presentes somente em outras mídias o que o torna um código mestiço. A folhetinização da notícia é, assim, a tônica nos jornais contemporâneos e a narrativa jornalística, paradigma recodificado

A autora avaliou a qualidade dos artigos publicados na literatura brasileira, na área de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. Foi feita a revisão de todos os artigos constantes dos sumários da Acta Ortopédica Brasileira e da Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia, em seus fascículos publicados nos anos de 2004 e 2005. Considerou que o conteúdo dessas duas Revistas retrata a produção científica nacional na área e que sua análise pode responder ao objetivo do trabalho. Após o levantamento da literatura, foi escolhida a classificação de Cook adaptada por Atallah para a classificação dos artigos por Nível de Evidência. Foi utilizada a lista de Atallah para a avaliação metodológica para trabalhos sobre terapêutica, etiologia e diagnóstico. Os artigos de ciência básica foram avaliados por suas características metodológicas e classificados por parâmetros representativos de seu nível e utilizados formulários preenchidos por dois avaliadores. Foram aplicados cálculos de estatística descritiva. A autora conclui que a qualidade metodológica dos artigos publicados nas revistas analisadas é inadequada e tem baixo Nível de Evidência. / The author evaluated the quality of articles published within the field of Orthopedics and Traumatology in Brazil. A review was conducted on all the articles appearing in the summaries of Acta Ortopédica Brasileira and Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia, in their issues published in the years 2004 and 2005. The author took the content of these two journals to portray the national scientific production in this field and made the assumption that analysis of these journals would provide answers for the study objective. After surveying the literature, the classification of Cook as adapted by Atallah for classifying articles by evidence level, was chosen. Atallahs list for evaluating the methodology of studies on therapies, etiologies and diagnoses was utilized. Articles on basic science were evaluated according to the methodological characteristics and were classified using parameters that represented their level. Forms filled out by two evaluators were utilized. Descriptive statistical calculations were applied. The author concluded that the methodological quality of the articles published in the journals analyzed is inadequate and provides a low level of evidence.

Les sciences humaines et sociales s'interrogent sur les fondements du discours scientifique depuis les années 1950. Depuis les années 1980, l'enseignement à distance évolue, et les années 2002-2007 des supports innovants sont créés pour répondre au traitement électronique de l'information. L'information scientifique doit s'adapter aux nouvelles formes de diffusion du savoir. Le discours scientifique dans les sciences humaines reste un « objet réglé par le système rhétorique ». Il propose un raisonnement, soit selon une culture de l'évidence rationnelle et expérimentale, soit selon une culture de l'argumentation. Sa représentation donnera lieu alors soit à une structure figée, soit à un plan créatif. Ces points de vue seront illustrés par les nouveaux supports et les résultats sous des formes multimédia. Les pratiques d'écriture, de référencement, d'édition, de validation, de diffusion et de lecture du discours en sciences humaines changent et doivent être accompagnées d'une réflexion approfondie. Les publications scientifiques jouent un rôle capital dans le système de la communication scientifique. Elles doivent répondre à deux exigences symbolisées par les deux pôles : celui de l'information (l'aspect logique et rationnel) et celui de la communication (l'aspect relationnel). Le numérique ainsi que les discours qui l'accompagnent peuvent être définis comme un phénomène émergent dans la communication scientifique. L'influence du traitement numérique de l'information entraîne une évolution des formes de représentation des champs scientifiques dans les sciences humaines. Il oblige plus qu'auparavant à caractériser le discours scientifique dans les sciences humaines et à le définir. La formalisation des publications scientifiques propose une organisation et une structuration du contenu avec des langages de balisage, des normes et des standards adaptés aux besoins des communautés pour assurer l'efficacité de la production de documents numériques.

Le Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) ou parti populaire indien fait partie du mouvement de l'hindutva qui désire rendre l'Inde plus hindoue, qu'elle devienne un pays officiellement hindou. Le mouvement et le parti sont tous les deux controversés. Le présent travail cherche à mieux comprendre le fonctionnement du BJP. Son traitement des minorités religieuses, soit les chrétiens, les musulmans et les sikhs a été étudié dans ce but. C'est par une revue des publications officielles des 25 premières années du parti qu'a été accompli le travail. L'hypothèse était que le parti est principalement divisé selon des lignes idéologiques, entre extrémistes et pragmatiques. Des paroles inclusives envers les minorités étaient considérées comme l'œuvre de l'aile pragmatique, tandis que des paroles discriminatoires viendraient des extrémistes. La conclusion a été que le parti est bel et bien divisé à ce niveau. L'aile pragmatique semble avoir le dessus, la majorité des écrits est inclusive. Les chrétiens et musulmans ont fait l'objet d'une certaine discrimination. Malgré cela, les paroles les concernant sont largement positives. Les sikhs sont très bien traités dans les publications. Les écrits du BJP sont plus axés sur leurs revendications contre le parti du Congrès et le Pakistan. ______________________________________________________________________________

Denna rapport beskriver hur dagens tekniska processer ser ut vid tillverkning av applikationer för interaktiva publikationer. En interaktiv publikation är en digitalt skapad tidning med ett extra lager av information som man kan interagera med. Exempel på interaktivitet är bildspel, video och informationsflöden i realtid som visas direkt i tidningen.  Rapporten fokuserar på vad det är som ger ett mervärde till en digital interaktiv publikation och vilka funktioner det är som kan ge upphov till detta. Genom en jämförande analys mellan digitala publikationer och papperstidningar tas fyra designaspekter fram för att användas som grund för hur interaktiva element bör hanteras i framställningen av digitala publikationer.  En prototyp av en interaktiv publikation har tagits fram för att visa hur designaspekterna kan tillämpas och för att visa hur information kan presenteras på ett mer interaktivt sätt. / This report describes how today's technological processes look like in the production of applications for interactive publications. An interactive publication is a digitally created magazine with an extra layer of information that you can interact with. Examples of interactivity is slideshows and video and data streams in real time that are displayed directly in the magazine. The report focuses on what it is that adds value to a digital interactive publication, and what functions which may provide cause to this. Through a comparative analysis of digital publications and the newspapers, four designaspects have been developed as an basis for how the interactive elements should be handled in the production of digital publications.  A prototype of an interactive publication was developed to show how the designaspects can be applied and to show how information can be presented in a more interactive way.

Goal-directed behavior is based on representations of contingencies between a certain situation (S), a certain (re)action (R) and a certain outcome (O). These S-R-O representations enable flexible response selection in different situations according to the currently pursued goal. Importantly however, the successful formation of such representations is a necessary but not sufficient precondition for goal-directed behavior which additionally requires the actual usage of the contingency information for action control. The present fMRI study aimed at identifying the neural basis of each of these two aspects: representing vs. explicitly using experienced S-R-O contingencies. To this end, we created three experimental conditions: S-R-O contingency present and used for outcome-based response selection, S-R-O contingency present but not used, and S-R-O contingency absent. The comparison between conditions with and without S-R-O contingency revealed that the angular gyrus is relevant for representing S-R-O contingencies. The explicit usage of learnt S-R-O representations in turn was associated with increased functional coupling between angular gyrus and several subcortical (hippocampus, caudate head), prefrontal (lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), rostrolateral prefrontal cortex (RLPFC)) and cerebellar areas, which we suggest represent different explicit and implicit processes of goal-directed action control. Hence, we ascribe a central role to the angular gyrus in associating actions to their sensory outcomes which is used to guide behavior through coupling of the angular gyrus with multiple areas related to different aspects of action control.

La publication de données soucieuse du respect de la vie privée est au coeur des préoccupations des organisations qui souhaitent publier leurs données. Un nombre croissant d'entreprises et d'organismes collectent et publient des données à caractère personnel pour diverses raisons (études démographiques, recherche médicale,...). Selon ces cas, celui qui publie les données fait face au dilemme suivant : comment permettre à un tiers l'analyse de ces données tout en évitant de divulguer des informations trop sensibles, relatives aux individus concernés? L'enjeu est donc la capacité à publier des jeux de données en maîtrisant ce risque de divulgation, c.a.d. de traiter l'opposition entre deux critères : d'un côté, on souhaite garantir la préservation de la confidentialité sur des données personnelles et, d'autre part, on souhaite préserver au maximum l'utilité du jeu de données pour ceux qui l'exploiteraient (notamment, des chercheurs). Dans ce travail, nous cherchons d'abord à élaborer plusieurs notions d'anonymisation des données selon plusieurs contextes. Nous montrons que les index spatiaux sont extrêmement efficaces dans le cadre de la publication de données, en raison de leur capacité à passer à l'échelle. Une évaluation empirique approfondie révèle qu'il est possible de diffuser des données de grande qualité et préservant un certain niveau de confidentialité dans les données. Il est de plus possible de traiter efficacement de très grands jeux de données en grandes dimensions et cette méthode peut être étendue à un niveau de confidentialité plus fort (differential privacy). Par ailleurs, la publication séquentielle de données (mise à jour du jeu de données) est cruciale dans un grand nombre d'applications. Nous proposons une technique menant à bien cette tâche, garantissant à la fois une forte confidentialité des données et une très bonne préservation de leur utilité.

Public participation in forests recently is very important, because it is one of the aims in politics and its implementation in Lithuanian forestry. Public participation related to forestry may increase public awareness of forests and forestry among the public through active collaborative learning, mutual recognition and constructive co – operation among forest related actors. Object: Lithuanian forest enterprises, web sites, newspapers “Lietuvos rytas” “Respublika” 2004, public. Methods: questioning, document analysis. Results: The purpose of this study is to research action of public participation in forest enterprises and to research image of foresters in media and public. It was estimated that chiefly work of public participation in forest enterprises do vice – forester of forestry (13 forest enterprises), engineers (12), proficient of public participation (10) and other (5). After public opinion poll was estimated that proceeding of foresters assess positively 44%, right enough – 36%, negative – 15%, 5% suppose that forests grow successfully without foresters.

The goal of this thesis is to provide enhanced mechanisms to deploy competitive services in a rapid and cost-effective manner. To achieve this goal, we first propose an automatic service composition model relying on an IMS/Web converged environment. This service composition model is intended to be one in which even non-professional users can easily reuse existing services to create new services. To further improve the automatic service composition feature, three strategies including passive update, active update and hybrid update are proposed and analyzed. We then propose a centralized service exposure framework for a variey of services, including Telecom / Web / Device / user-generated services. This framework aims at enhancing the user-centric and convergence features, and providing the unified access to diverse services.Subsequently, two P2P based service information sharing models are designed to complement the centralized service exposure model : i) A hierarchical P2P based model, which reuses Chord for guaranteeing the service discovery efficiency, meanwhile adopts the concept of abstract service publication and discovery for enabling the ambiguous services searching. ii) A triplex P2P overlay based model, which mainly targets the devices offered services. In this model, we use the gateways to delegate the devices residing in them for the global service exposure, and use a triplex overlay based architecture, which includes an underlying unstructured P2P layer, a Semantic Overlay Network (SON) based overlay and a service dependency overlay, for the service information sharing and discovery